review-checklists/checklists/waf_checklist.en.json

{
    "items": [
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Disable image export to prevent data exfiltration. Note that this will prevent image import of images into another ACR instance.",
            "guid": "ab91932c-9fc9-4d1b-a880-37f5e6bfcb9e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/data-loss-prevention",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.ContainerRegistry/registries' | extend acrName = name, acrId = id | extend exportPolicyStatus = properties.policies.exportPolicy.status | extend compliant = iif(exportPolicyStatus =~ 'Disabled', true, false) | project acrName, acrId, exportPolicyStatus, compliant",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable Azure Container Registry image export",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Enable audit compliance visibility by enabling Azure Policy for Azure Container Registry",
            "guid": "d503547c-d447-4e82-9128-a7100f1cac6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-azure-policy",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Azure Policies for Azure Container Registry",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "The Azure Key Vault (AKV) is used to store a signing key that can be utilized by?notation?with the notation AKV plugin (azure-kv) to sign and verify container images and other artifacts. The Azure Container Registry (ACR) allows you to attach these signatures using the?az?or?oras?CLI commands.",
            "guid": "d345293c-7639-4637-a551-c5c04e401955",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-tutorial-sign-build-push",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Sign and Verify containers with notation (Notary v2)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Azure Container Registry automatically encrypts images and other artifacts that you store. By default, Azure automatically encrypts the registry content at rest by using service-managed keys. By using a customer-managed key, you can supplement default encryption with an additional encryption layer.",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.ContainerRegistry/registries' | extend acrName = name, acrId = id | extend encryptionStatus = properties.encryption.status  | extend compliant = iif(encryptionStatus == 'disabled', false, true) | project acrName, acrId, encryptionStatus, compliant",
            "guid": "0bd05dc2-efd5-4d76-8d41-d2500cc47b49",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/tutorial-customer-managed-keys",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt registry with a customer managed key",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Use managed identities to secure ACRPull/Push RBAC access from client applications",
            "guid": "8f42d78e-79dc-47b3-9bd2-a1a27e7a8e90",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-authentication-managed-identity",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Managed Identities to connect instead of Service Principals",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "The local Administrator account is disabled by default and should not be enabled. Use either Token or RBAC-based access methods instead",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.containerregistry/registries' | extend localAdminDisabled = properties.adminUserEnabled // Adjust this property as needed | extend compliant = iif(localAdminDisabled == 'false', true, false) // Check if local admin is disabled | project compliant, name, id, tags | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "be0e38ce-e297-411b-b363-caaab79b198d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-authentication-managed-identity",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable local authentication for management plane access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Disable Administrator account and assign RBAC roles to principals for ACR Pull/Push operations",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.containerregistry/registries' | extend localAdminDisabled = properties.adminUserEnabled // Adjust this property as needed | extend compliant = iif(localAdminDisabled == 'false', true, false) // Check if local admin is disabled | project compliant, name, id, tags | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "387e5ced-126c-4d13-8af5-b20c6998a646",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-roles?tabs=azure-cli",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Assign AcrPull & AcrPush RBAC roles rather than granting Administrative access to identity principals",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Disable anonymous pull/push access",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.containerregistry/registries' | extend compliant = iif(properties.anonymousPullEnabled == false, true, false) | project compliant, name, id, tags | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "e338997e-41c7-47d7-acf6-a62a1194956d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/anonymous-pull-access#configure-anonymous-pull-access",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable Anonymous pull access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Token authentication doesn't support assignment to an AAD principal. Any tokens provided are able to be used by anyone who can access the token",
            "guid": "698dc3a2-fd27-4b2e-8870-1a1252beedf6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-authentication?tabs=azure-cli",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable repository-scoped access tokens",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Deploy container images to an ACR behind a Private endpoint within a trusted network",
            "guid": "b3bec3d4-f343-47c1-936d-b55f27a71eee",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy images from a trusted environment",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Only tokens with an ACR audience can be used for authentication. Used when enabling Conditional access policies for ACR",
            "guid": "3a041fd3-2947-498b-8288-b3c6a56ceb54",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-enable-conditional-access-policy",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable Azure ARM audience tokens for authentication",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Set up a diagnostic setting to send 'repositoryEvents' & 'LoginEvents' to Log Analytics as the central destination for logging and monitoring. This allows you to monitor control plane activity on the ACR resource itself.",
            "guid": "8a488cde-c486-42bc-9bd2-1be77f26e5e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/monitor-service",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable diagnostics logging",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Service supports disabling public network access either through using service-level IP ACL filtering rule (not NSG or Azure Firewall) or using a 'Disable Public Network Access' toggle switch",
            "guid": "21d41d25-00b7-407a-b9ea-b40fd3290798",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-private-link",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Control inbound network access with Private Link",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Disable public network access if inbound network access is secured using Private Link",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.ContainerRegistry/registries' | where sku.name =~ 'Premium' // Check for Premium SKU | extend publicAccessEnabled = properties.publicNetworkAccess | extend defaultAction = tostring(properties.networkRuleSet.defaultAction) // Extract defaultAction | extend compliant = iif(publicAccessEnabled != 'Enabled' or defaultAction == 'Deny', true, false) | project name, id, publicAccessEnabled, defaultAction, compliant",
            "guid": "cd289ced-6b17-4db8-8554-62f2aee4553a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-access-selected-networks#disable-public-network-access",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable Public Network access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Only the ACR Premium SKU supports Private Link access",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.ContainerRegistry/registries' | extend skuName = sku.name // Extract the SKU name | extend compliant = iif(skuName == 'Premium', true, false) // Check if SKU is Premium | project name, id, skuName, compliant",
            "guid": "fc833934-8b26-42d6-ac5f-512925498f6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-skus",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use an Azure Container Registry SKU that supports Private Link (Premium SKU)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Azure Defender for containers or equivalent service should be used to scan container images for vulnerabilities",
            "guid": "bad37dac-43bc-46ce-8d7a-a9b24604489a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/defender-for-containers-introduction",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable Defender for Containers to scan Azure Container Registry for vulnerabilities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Deploy trusted code that was validated and scanned for vulnerabilities according to DevSecOps practices.",
            "guid": "4451e1a2-d345-4293-a763-9637a551c5c0",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy validated container images",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure Container Registry Security Review",
            "description": "Use the latest versions of supported platforms, programming languages, protocols, and frameworks.",
            "guid": "4e401955-387e-45ce-b126-cd132af5b20c",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use up-to-date platforms, languages, protocols and frameworks",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "guid": "ab91932c-9fc9-4d1b-a881-37f5e6c0cb9e",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/fta-resiliencyplaybooks/blob/main/paas-foundations-playbooks-ADF_v1.docx",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage FTA Resiliency Playbook for Azure Data Factory",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "guid": "e503547c-d447-4e82-9138-a7200f1cac6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/analytics/pipelines-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use zone redundant pipelines in regions that support Availability Zones",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "guid": "9ef1d6e8-32e5-42e3-911c-818b1a0bc511",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/source-control",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use DevOps to Backup the ARM templates with Github/Azure DevOps integration ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "guid": "e43a18a9-cd29-49cf-b7b1-7db8255562f2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/analytics/pipelines-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Make sure you replicate the Self-Hosted Integration Runtime VMs in another region ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "guid": "aee4563a-fd83-4393-98b2-62d6dc5f512a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/analytics/pipelines-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Make sure you replicate or duplicate your network in the sister region. You have to make a copy of your Vnet in another region",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Factory Review Checklist",
            "description": "If your ADF Pipelines use Key Vault you don't have to do anything to replicate Key Vault. Key Vault is a managed service and Microsoft takes care of it for you",
            "guid": "25498f6d-bad3-47da-a43b-c6ce1d7aa9b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/disaster-recovery-guidance",
            "service": "Azure Data Factory",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If using Keyvault integration, use SLA of Keyvault to understand your availablity",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "Using the correct approach to feed a datalake with cold data and having the Kusto query engine at your disposal at the same time, as in the short-term storage",
            "guid": "ba7da7be-9951-4914-a384-5d997cb39132",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/kusto/management/data-export/continuous-data-export",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Leverage External Tables and Continuous data export overview to reduce costs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Data Explorer provides an optional follower capability for a leader cluster to be followed by other follower clusters for read-only access to the leader's data and metadata. Changes in the leader, such as create, append, and drop are automatically synchronized to the follower. While the leaders could span Azure regions, the follower clusters should be hosted in the same region(s) as the leader. If the leader cluster is down or databases or tables are accidentally dropped, the follower clusters will lose access until access is recovered in the leader.",
            "guid": "56a22586-f490-4641-addd-ea8a377cdeb3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/follower?tabs=csharp",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "To share data, explore Leader-follower cluster configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Data Explorer doesn't support automatic protection against the outage of an entire Azure region. This disruption can happen during a natural disaster, like an earthquake. If you require a solution for a disaster recovery situation, do the following steps to ensure business continuity. In these steps, you'll replicate your clusters, management, and data ingestion in two Azure paired regions.",
            "guid": "861bb2bc-14ae-4a6e-95d8-d9a3adc218e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-create-solution#create-multiple-independent-clusters",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "To protect against regional failure, create Multiple independent clusters, preferably in two Azure Paired regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "guid": "436b0635-cb45-4e57-a603-324ace8cc123",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-create-solution#replicate-management-activities",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Replicate all management activities such as creating new tables or managing user roles on each cluster.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "guid": "18ca6017-0265-4f4b-a46a-393af7f31728",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-create-solution",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Ingest data into each cluster in parallel",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "This configuration is also called 'always-on'. For critical application deployments with no tolerance for outages, you should use multiple Azure Data Explorer clusters across Azure paired regions.",
            "guid": "58a9c279-9c42-4bb6-9d0c-65556246b338",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-overview#active-active-active-configuration",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "For critical application with no tolerance for outages, create Active-Active-Active (always-on) configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "This configuration is identical to the active-active-active configuration, but only involves two Azure paired regions. Configure dual ingestion, processing, and curation. Users are routed to the nearest region. The cluster SKU must be the same across regions.",
            "guid": "563a4dc7-4a74-48b6-922a-d190916a6649",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-overview#active-active-configuration",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "For critical applications, create Active-Active configuration in two paired regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "The Active-Hot configuration is similar to the Active-Active configuration in dual ingest, processing, and curation. While the standby cluster is online for ingestion, process, and curation, it isn't available to query. The standby cluster doesn't need to be in the same SKU as the primary cluster. It can be of a smaller SKU and scale, which may result in it being less performant. In a disaster scenario, users are redirected to the standby cluster, which can optionally be scaled up to increase performance.",
            "guid": "8fadfe27-7de2-483b-8ac3-52baa9b75708",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-overview#active-hot-standby-configuration",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "For applications, which required only read during failure, create Active-Hot standby configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "This solution offers the least resiliency (highest RPO and RTO), is the lowest in cost and highest in effort. In this configuration, there's no data recovery cluster. Configure continuous export of curated data (unless raw and intermediate data is also required) to a storage account that is configured GRS (Geo Redundant Storage). A data recovery cluster is spun up if there is a disaster recovery scenario. At that time, DDLs, configuration, policies, and processes are applied. Data is ingested from storage with the ingestion property kustoCreationTime to over-ride the ingestion time that defaults to system time.",
            "guid": "49aa8092-dc8e-4b9d-8bb7-3b26a5a67eba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-overview#on-demand-data-recovery-configuration",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "For applications, where cost is a concern and can withstand some downtime during failure, create on-demand data recovery cluster configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "description": "All database objects, policies, and configurations should be persisted in source control so they can be released to the cluster from your release automation tool.",
            "guid": "5a907e1e-348e-4f25-9c27-d32e8bbac757",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/devops",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Wrap DevOps and source control around all your code",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-your-cloud-data/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "guid": "1559ab91-53e8-4908-ae28-b84c33b6b780",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/devops",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Design, develop, and implement validation routines to ensure all clusters are in-sync from a data perspective.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-active-directory/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Kusto/clusters",
            "checklist": "Azure Data Explorer Review Checklist",
            "guid": "8b9fe5c4-1049-4d40-9a82-2c3474d00f18",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-explorer/devops",
            "service": "Azure Data Explorer",
            "text": "Be fully cognizant of what it takes to build a cluster from scratch. Leverage Infrastructure as a Code for your deployments",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/implement-hybrid-identity-windows-server/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.Cdn/profiles/secrets' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/secrets')) | where properties.parameters.type =~ 'CustomerCertificate' | extend compliant = properties.parameters.useLatestVersion == true | project compliant, id=frontDoorId, certificateName = name | distinct id, certificateName, compliant",
            "guid": "f00a69de-7076-4734-a734-6e4552cad9e1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-latest-version-for-customer-managed-certificates",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you use customer-managed TLS certificates with Azure Front Door, use the 'Latest' certificate version. Reduce the risk of outages caused by manual certificate renewal.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles' and sku has 'AzureFrontDoor' | project name, cdnprofileid=tolower(id), tostring(tags), resourceGroup, subscriptionId,skuname=tostring(sku.name) | join kind= fullouter ( cdnresources | where type == 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/securitypolicies' | extend wafpolicyid=tostring(properties['parameters']['wafPolicy']['id']) | extend splitid=split(id, '/') | extend cdnprofileid=tolower(strcat_array(array_slice(splitid, 0, 8), '/')) | project secpolname=name, cdnprofileid, wafpolicyid ) on cdnprofileid | project name, cdnprofileid, secpolname, wafpolicyid,skuname | join kind = fullouter ( resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/frontdoorwebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | extend managedrulesenabled=iff(tostring(properties.managedRules.managedRuleSets) != '[]', true, false), enabledState = tostring(properties.policySettings.enabledState) | project afdwafname=name, managedrulesenabled, wafpolicyid=id, enabledState, tostring(tags) ) on wafpolicyid | where name != '' | summarize associatedsecuritypolicies=countif(secpolname != ''), wafswithmanagedrules=countif(managedrulesenabled == 1) by name, id=cdnprofileid, tags,skuname | extend compliant = (associatedsecuritypolicies > 0 and wafswithmanagedrules > 0) | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "e79d17b7-3b22-4a5a-97e7-a8ed4b30e38c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Front Door with WAF policies to deliver and help protect global HTTP/S apps that span multiple Azure regions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "3f29812b-2363-4cef-b179-b599de0d5973",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/origin-security?tabs=application-gateway&pivots=front-door-standard-premium#example-configuration",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Front Door and Application Gateway to help protect HTTP/S apps, use WAF policies in Front Door. Lock down Application Gateway to receive traffic only from Front Door.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/frontdoorwebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | project policyName=name, policyId=id,policySku=sku.name, links=properties.securityPolicyLinks, enabledState=properties.policySettings.enabledState, mode=properties.policySettings.mode | mvexpand links | extend securityPolicy=links.id | extend securityPolicyParts=split(securityPolicy, '/') | extend profileId=strcat_array(array_slice(securityPolicyParts, 0, -3), '/') | project id=profileId, compliant=((enabledState=='Enabled') and (mode=='Prevention')), enabledState, mode",
            "guid": "ae248989-b306-4591-9186-de482e3f0f0e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-policy-settings",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy your WAF policy for Front Door in 'Prevention' mode' so that Web Application Firewall takes appropriate action to allow or deny traffic.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups/origins' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origingroups')) | extend compliant = properties['hostName'] !endswith '.trafficmanager.net' | project compliant, id=frontDoorId",
            "guid": "062d5839-4d36-402f-bfa4-02811eb936e9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#avoid-combining-traffic-manager-and-front-door",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid placing Traffic Manager behind Front Door.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups/origins' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origins')) | extend compliant = isempty(properties.originHostHeader) or (tostring(properties.hostName) =~ tostring(properties.originHostHeader)) | project id=frontDoorId, originName = name, compliant",
            "guid": "5efeb96a-003f-4b18-8fcd-b4d84459c2b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-the-same-domain-name-on-front-door-and-your-origin",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use the same domain name on Azure Front Door and your origin. Mismatched host names can cause subtle bugs.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups/origins' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origingroups')) | extend originGroupId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origins')) | join kind=inner (cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups' | extend originGroupName = name | extend hasHealthProbe = isnotnull(properties.healthProbeSettings)) on $left.originGroupId == $right.id | summarize numberOrigins = count() by originGroupId, subscriptionId, frontDoorId, hasHealthProbe, originGroupName | extend compliant = not(numberOrigins == 1 and hasHealthProbe) | project id = frontDoorId, compliant",
            "guid": "0b5a380c-4bfb-47bc-b1d7-dcfef363a61b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#disable-health-probes-when-theres-only-one-origin-in-an-origin-group",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Disable health probes when there is only one origin in an Azure Front Door origin group.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "5567048e-e5d7-4206-9c55-b5ed45d2cc0c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#select-good-health-probe-endpoints",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Select good health probe endpoints for Azure Front Door. Consider building health endpoints that check all of your application's dependencies.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origingroups/')) | extend compliant = (isnull(properties['healthProbeSettings']['probeRequestType']) or toupper(properties['healthProbeSettings']['probeRequestType']) == 'HEAD') | project compliant, id=frontDoorId",
            "guid": "a13f72f3-8f5c-4864-95e5-75bf37fbbeb1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-head-health-probes",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use HEAD health probes with Azure Front Door, to reduce the traffic that Front Door sends to your application.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/customdomains' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/customdomains')) | extend compliant = (isnull(properties['tlsSettings']['certificateType']) or tolower(properties['tlsSettings']['certificateType']) =~ 'customercertificate') | project compliant, id = frontDoorId",
            "guid": "af95c92d-d723-4f4a-98d7-8722324efd4d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-managed-tls-certificates",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use managed TLS certificates with Azure Front Door. Reduce operational cost and risk of outages due to certificate renewals.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "189ea962-3969-4863-8f5a-5ad808c2cf4b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#define-your-waf-configuration-as-code",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define your Azure Front Door WAF configuration as code. By using code, you can more easily adopt new rule set version and gain additional protection.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type == 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/afdendpoints/routes' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/afdendpoints')) | extend forwardingProtocol=tostring(properties.forwardingProtocol),supportedProtocols=properties.supportedProtocols,httpsRedirect=properties.httpsRedirect | extend compliant = forwardingProtocol =~ 'httpsonly' and (supportedProtocols has 'https' or httpsRedirect =~ 'enabled') | project id = frontDoorId, compliant",
            "guid": "2e30abab-5478-417c-81bf-bf1ad4ed1ed4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-end-to-end-tls",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use end-to-end TLS with Azure Front Door. Use TLS for connections from your clients to Front Door, and from Front Door to your origin.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type == 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/afdendpoints/routes' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/afdendpoints')) | extend forwardingProtocol=tostring(properties.forwardingProtocol),supportedProtocols=properties.supportedProtocols,httpsRedirect=properties.httpsRedirect | extend compliant = httpsRedirect =~ 'enabled' | project id = frontDoorId, compliant",
            "guid": "10aa45af-166f-44c4-9f36-b6d592dac2ca",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-http-to-https-redirection",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use HTTP to HTTPS redirection with Azure Front Door. Support older clients by redirecting them to an HTTPS request automatically.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/frontdoorwebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | project policyName=name, policyId=id,policySku=sku.name, links=properties.securityPolicyLinks, enabledState=properties.policySettings.enabledState, mode=properties.policySettings.mode | mvexpand links | extend securityPolicy=links.id | extend securityPolicyParts=split(securityPolicy, '/') | extend profileId=strcat_array(array_slice(securityPolicyParts, 0, -3), '/') | project id=profileId, compliant=((enabledState=~'Enabled') and (mode=~'Prevention')), enabledState, mode",
            "guid": "28b9ee82-b2c7-45aa-bc98-6de6f59a095d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#enable-the-waf",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable the Azure Front Door WAF. Protect your application from a range of attacks.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "2902d8cc-1b0c-4495-afad-624ab70f7bd6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#tune-your-waf",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Tune the Azure Front Door WAF for your workload by configuring the WAF in Detection mode to reduce and fix false positive detections.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "17ba124b-127d-42b6-9322-388d5b2bbcfc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/application-gateway-waf-request-size-limits#request-body-inspection",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable request body inspection feature enabled in Azure Front Door WAF policy.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "49a98f2b-ec22-4a87-9415-6a10b00d6555",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#enable-default-rule-sets",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable the Azure Front Door WAF default rule sets. The default rule sets detect and block common attacks.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "147a13d4-2a2f-4824-a524-f5855b52b946",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#enable-bot-management-rules",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable the Azure Front Door WAF bot protection rule set. The bot rules detect good and bad bots.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "d7dcdcb9-0d99-44b9-baab-ac7570ede79a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#use-the-latest-ruleset-versions",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the latest Azure Front Door WAF rule set version. Rule set updates are regularly updated to take account of the current threat landscape.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "b9620385-1cde-418f-914b-a84a06982ffc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#add-rate-limiting",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add rate limiting to the Azure Front Door WAF. Rate limiting blocks clients accidentally or intentionally sending large amounts of traffic in a short period of time.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "6dc36c52-0124-4ffe-9eaf-23ec1282dedb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#use-a-high-threshold-for-rate-limits",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a high threshold for Azure Front Door WAF rate limits. High rate limit thresholds avoid blocking legitimate traffic, while still providing protection against extremely high numbers of requests that might overwhelm your infrastructure.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "388a3d0e-0a43-4367-90b2-3dd2aeece5ee",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#geo-filter-traffic",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If you are not expecting traffic from all geographical regions, use geo-filters to block traffic from non-expected countries.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "00acd8a9-6975-414f-8491-2be6309893b8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#specify-the-unknown-zz-location",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Specify the unknown (ZZ) location when geo-filtering traffic with the Azure Front Door WAF. Avoid accidentally blocking legitimate requests when IP addresses can't be geo-matched.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "4cea4050-7946-4a7c-89e6-b021b73c352d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#add-diagnostic-settings-to-save-your-wafs-logs",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Capture logs and metrics by turning on Diagnostic Settings. Include resource activity logs, access logs, health probe logs, and WAF logs. Set up alerts.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "845f5f91-9c21-4674-a725-5ce890850e20",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#send-logs-to-microsoft-sentinel",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send Azure Front Door WAF logs to Microsoft Sentinel.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "3bb0a854-ea3d-4212-bd8e-3f0cb7792b02",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/routing-methods",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Choose a routing method that supports your deployment strategy. The weighted method, which distributes traffic based on the configured weight coefficient, supports active-active models. A priority-based value that configures the primary region to receive all traffic and send traffic to the secondary region as a backup supports active-passive models. Combine the preceding methods with latency so that the origin with the lowest latency receives traffic.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origingroups')) | extend healthprobe=tostring(properties.healthProbeSettings) | project origingroupname=name, id, tags, resourceGroup, subscriptionId, healthprobe, frontDoorId | join ( cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups/Origins' | extend origingroupname = tostring(properties.originGroupName) ) on origingroupname | summarize origincount=count(), enabledhealthprobecount=countif(healthprobe != '') by origingroupname, id, tostring(tags), resourceGroup, subscriptionId, frontDoorId | extend compliant = origincount > 1 | project id = frontDoorId, compliant",
            "guid": "c3a769e4-cc78-40a9-b36a-f9bcab19ec2d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/quickstart-create-front-door",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Support redundancy by having multiple origins in one or more back-end pools. Always have redundant instances of your application and make sure each instance exposes an endpoint or origin. You can place those origins in one or more back-end pools.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "999852be-2137-4179-8fc3-30d1df6fed1d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/troubleshoot-issues#troubleshooting-steps",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set a timeout on forwarding requests to the back end. Adjust the timeout setting according to your endpoints' needs. If you don't, Azure Front Door might close the connection before the origin sends the response. You can also lower the default timeout for Azure Front Door if all of your origins have a shorter timeout.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "17bf6351-3e5e-41f1-87bb-d5ad0b4e3de6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/routing-methods#23session-affinity",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Decide if your application requires session affinity. If you have high reliability requirements, we recommend that you disable session affinity.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "425bfb31-94c4-4007-b9ae-46da9fe57cc7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/origin?pivots=front-door-standard-premium#origin-host-header",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send the host header to the back end. The back-end services should be aware of the host name so that they can create rules to accept traffic only from that host.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "81a5398a-2414-450f-9fc3-e048bc65784c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/front-door-caching",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use caching for endpoints that support it.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups' | extend frontDoorId = substring(id, 0, indexof(id, '/origingroups')) | extend healthprobe=tostring(properties.healthProbeSettings) | project origingroupname=name, id, tags, resourceGroup, subscriptionId, healthprobe, frontDoorId | join ( cdnresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.cdn/profiles/origingroups/Origins' | extend origingroupname = tostring(properties.originGroupName) ) on origingroupname | summarize origincount=count(), enabledhealthprobecount=countif(healthprobe != '') by origingroupname, id, tostring(tags), resourceGroup, subscriptionId, frontDoorId | extend compliant = origincount > 1 or (origincount == 1 and enabledhealthprobecount == 0) | project id = frontDoorId, compliant",
            "guid": "34069d73-e4de-46c5-a36f-625f87575a56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#disable-health-probes-when-theres-only-one-origin-in-an-origin-group",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Disable health checks in single back-end pools. If you have only one origin configured in your Azure Front Door origin group, these calls are unnecessary. This is only recommended if you can't have multiple origins in your endpoint.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "c92d6786-cdd1-444d-9cad-934a192a276a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/standard-premium/how-to-reports",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "We recommend using the Premium Tier for leveraging the Security reports while the Standard Azure Front Door Profile provides only traffic reports under built-in analytics/reports.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "440cf7de-30a1-4550-ab50-c9f6eac140cd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/front-door-wildcard-domain",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use wildcard TLS certificates when possible.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "556e2733-6ca9-4edd-9cc7-26de66d46c2e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/front-door-caching",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Optimize your application query string for caching. For purely static content, ignore query strings to maximize your use of the cache. If your application uses query strings, consider including them in the cache key. Including the query strings in the cache key allows Azure Front Door to serve cached responses or other responses, based on your configuration.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "c0b7e55e-fcab-4e66-bdae-bd0290f6aece",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/standard-premium/how-to-compression",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use file compression when you're accessing downloadable content.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/frontdoors' and properties['resourceState'] !~ 'migrated' | extend compliant = false | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "cb8eb8c0-aa73-4a26-a495-6eba8dc4a243",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cdn/tier-migration",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider migrating to Standard or Premium SKU if you are using Classic Azure Front Door currently as Classic Azure Front Door will be deprecated by March 2027.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "67c33697-15b1-4752-aeee-0b9b588defc4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/networking/global-web-applications/mission-critical-content-delivery",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Traffic Manager load balancing Azure Front Door and a third party CDN provider CDN profile for mission critical high availability scenario. ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "972cd4cd-25b0-4b70-96e9-eab4bfd32907",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/app-service-ip-restrictions?tabs=azurecli#restrict-access-to-a-specific-azure-front-door-instance",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When using Front Door with origin as App services, consider locking down the traffic to app services only through Azure Front Door using access restrictions. ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "ab5351f6-383a-45ed-9c5e-b143b16db40a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-windows-hpc",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required for AKS Windows workloads HostProcess containers can be used",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "a280dcf5-90ce-465d-b8e1-3f9ccbd46926",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-functions/functions-kubernetes-keda",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use KEDA if running event-driven workloads",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "26886d20-b66c-457b-a591-19bf8e8f5c58",
            "link": "https://dapr.io/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Dapr to ease microservice development",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (sku.tier=='Paid') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "71d41e36-10cc-457b-9a4b-1410d4395898",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/uptime-sla",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use the SLA-backed AKS offering",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c1288b3c-6a57-4cfc-9444-51e1a3d3453a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-scheduler",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Disruption Budgets in your pod and deployment definitions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "3c763963-7a55-42d5-a15e-401955387e5c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/container-registry-geo-replication",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using a private registry, configure region replication to store images in multiple regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "f82cb8eb-8c0a-4a63-a25a-4956eaa8dc4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/aks/eslz-cost-governance-with-kubecost",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use an external application such as kubecost to allocate costs to different users",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "4d3dfbab-9924-4831-a68d-fdf0d72f462c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/scale-down-mode",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use scale down mode to delete/deallocate nodes",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "87e651ea-bc4a-4a87-a6df-c06a4b570ebc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/gpu-multi-instance",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When required use multi-instance partitioning GPU on AKS Clusters",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "2b72a08b-0410-4cd6-9093-e068a5cf27e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/start-stop-nodepools",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If running a Dev/Test cluster use NodePool Start/Stop",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.addonProfiles.azurepolicy) and properties.addonProfiles.azurepolicy.enabled==true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "9ca48e4a-85e2-4223-bce8-bb12307ca5f1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/concepts/policy-for-kubernetes",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Policy for Kubernetes to ensure cluster compliance",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project id,resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | project id,name,resourceGroup,poolcount=array_length(pools) | extend compliant = (poolcount > 1)",
            "guid": "6f158e3e-a3a9-42c2-be7e-2165c3a87af4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-system-pools",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Separate applications from the control plane with user/system node pools",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "a7a1f893-9bda-4477-98f2-4c116775c2ea",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-system-pools",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Add taint to your system nodepool to make it dedicated",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "55b46a94-8008-4ae7-b7e4-b475b6c8bdbf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/container-registry/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a private registry for your images, such as ACR",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerregistry/registries",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "59bce65d-e8a0-43f9-9879-468d66a786d6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/container-security",
            "service": "ACR",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Scan your images for vulnerabilities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "d167dd18-2b0a-4c24-8b99-9a646f8389a7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-cluster-isolation",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Define app separation requirements (namespace/nodepool/cluster)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "5e3df584-eccc-4d97-a3b6-bcda3b50eb2e",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/secrets-store-csi-driver-provider-azure",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Store your secrets in Azure Key Vault with the CSI Secrets Store driver",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "b03dda6d-58d7-4c89-8ddb-107d5769ae66",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/update-credentials",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using Service Principals for the cluster, refresh credentials periodically (like quarterly)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "e7ba73a3-0508-4f80-806f-527db30cee96",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-kms-etcd-encryption",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If required add Key Management Service etcd encryption",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "ec8e4e42-0344-41b0-b865-9123e8956d31",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/confidential-computing/confidential-nodes-aks-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required consider using Confidential Compute for AKS",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c9e95ffe-6dd1-4a17-8c5f-110389ca9b21",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/defender-for-containers-enable",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Defender for Containers",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.servicePrincipalProfile.clientId=='msi') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "ed127dd1-42b0-46b2-8c69-99a646f3389a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-managed-identity",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use managed identities instead of Service Principals",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.aadProfile) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "7e42c78e-78c0-46a6-8a21-94956e698dc4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Integrate authentication with AAD (using the managed integration)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "a2fe27b2-e287-401a-8352-beedf79b488d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/control-kubeconfig-access",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit access to admin kubeconfig (get-credentials --admin)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "eec4962c-c3bd-421b-b77f-26e5e6b3bec3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/manage-azure-rbac",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Integrate authorization with AAD RBAC",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "d4f3537c-1346-4dc5-9027-a71ffe1bd05d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-identity",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use namespaces for restricting RBAC privilege in Kubernetes",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "d2e0d5d7-71d4-41e3-910c-c57b4a4b1410",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/workload-identity-migration-sidecar",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Pod Identity Access Management use Azure AD Workload Identity (preview)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "f4dcf690-1b30-407d-abab-6f8aa780d3a3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#non-interactive-sign-in-with-kubelogin",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For AKS non-interactive logins use kubelogin (preview)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.disableLocalAccounts==true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "b085b1f2-3119-4771-8c9a-bbf4411810ec",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#disable-local-accounts",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable AKS local accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "36abb0db-c118-4f4c-9880-3f30f9a2deb6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#configure-just-in-time-cluster-access-with-azure-ad-and-aks",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Configure if required Just-in-time cluster access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c4d7f4c6-79bf-45d0-aa05-ce8fc717e150",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/managed-aad#use-conditional-access-with-azure-ad-and-aks",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Configure if required AAD conditional access for AKS",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "e1123a7c-a333-4eb4-a120-4ee3f293c9f3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-group-managed-service-accounts",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required for Windows AKS workloads configure gMSA ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "1f711a74-3672-470b-b8b8-a2148d640d79",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-managed-identity#use-a-pre-created-kubelet-managed-identity",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For finer control consider using a managed Kubelet Identity",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "cbd8ac2a-aebc-4a2a-94da-1dbf3dc99248",
            "link": "https://azure.github.io/application-gateway-kubernetes-ingress/setup/install-existing/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using AGIC, do not share an AppGW across clusters",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnull(properties.addonProfiles.httpApplicationRouting) or properties.addonProfiles.httpApplicationRouting.enabled==false) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "8008ae7d-7e4b-4475-a6c8-bdbf59bce65d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/http-application-routing",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Do not use AKS HTTP Routing Add-On, use instead the managed NGINX ingress with the application routing add-on.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "7bacd7b9-c025-4a9d-a5d2-25d6bc5439d9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Windows workloads use Accelerated Networking",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (tolower(properties.networkProfile.loadBalancerSku)=='standard') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "ba7da7be-9952-4914-a384-5d997cb39132",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/load-balancer-standard",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use the standard ALB (as opposed to the basic one)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "22fbe8d6-9b40-47ef-9011-25bb1a555a6b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-multiple-node-pools#add-a-node-pool-with-a-unique-subnet",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using Azure CNI, consider using different Subnets for NodePools",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c3c39c98-6bb2-4c12-859a-114b5e3df584",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/private-link/private-link-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Private Endpoints (preferred) or Virtual Network Service Endpoints to access PaaS services from the cluster",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.networkProfile.networkPlugin=='azure') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "a0f61565-9de5-458f-a372-49c831112dbd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Choose the best CNI network plugin for your requirements (Azure CNI recommended)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "7faf12e7-0943-4f63-8472-2da29c2b1cd6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using Azure CNI, size your subnet accordingly considering the maximum number of pods per node",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "22f54b29-bade-43aa-b1e8-c38ec9366673",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using Azure CNI, check the maximum pods/node (default 30)",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "description": "For internal apps organizations often open the whole AKS subnet in their firewalls. This opens network access to the nodes too, and potentially to the pods as well (if using Azure CNI). If LoadBalancer IPs are in a different subnet, only this one needs to be available to the app clients. Another reason is that if the IP addresses in the AKS subnet are a scarce resource, consuming its IP addresses for services will reduce the maximum scalability of the cluster .",
            "guid": "13c00567-4b1e-4945-a459-c373e7ed6162",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/internal-lb",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If using private-IP LoadBalancer services, use a dedicated subnet (not the AKS subnet)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "43f63047-22d9-429c-8b1c-d622f54b29ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Size the service IP address range accordingly (it is going to limit the cluster scalability)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "57bf217f-6dc8-481c-81e2-785773e9c00f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-byo-cni",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required add your own CNI plugin",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "4b3bb365-9458-44d9-9ed1-5c8f52890364",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-multiple-node-pools#assign-a-public-ip-per-node-for-your-node-pools",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required configure Public IP per node in AKS",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "b3808b9f-a1cf-4204-ad01-3a923ce474db",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/concepts-network",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use an ingress controller to expose web-based apps instead of exposing them with LoadBalancer-type services",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "ccb534e7-416e-4a1d-8e93-533b53199085",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/nat-gateway",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Azure NAT Gateway as outboundType for scaling egress traffic",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "8ee9a69a-1b58-4b1e-9c61-476e110a160b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni#dynamic-allocation-of-ips-and-enhanced-subnet-support",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Dynamic allocations of IPs in order to avoid Azure CNI IP exhaustion",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.networkProfile.outboundType=='userDefinedRouting') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "3b365a91-7ecb-4e48-bbe5-4cd7df2e8bba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/limit-egress-traffic",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Filter egress traffic with AzFW/NVA if your security requirements mandate it",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = ((isnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) or properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==false) and isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.authorizedIPRanges)) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "c4581559-bb91-463e-a908-aed8c44ce3b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/api-server-authorized-ip-ranges",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using a public API endpoint, restrict the IP addresses that can access it",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | where isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) | extend compliant = (properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==true) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "ecccd979-3b6b-4cda-9b50-eb2eb03dda6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/private-clusters",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use private clusters if your requirements mandate it",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | where isnotnull(properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster) | extend compliant = (properties.apiServerAccessProfile.enablePrivateCluster==true) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "ce7f2a7c-297c-47c6-adea-a6ff838db665",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-network-policies",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Windows 2019 and 2022 AKS nodes Calico Network Policies can be used ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.networkProfile.networkPolicy) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "58d7c892-ddb1-407d-9769-ae669ca48e4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-network-policies",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable a Kubernetes Network Policy option (Calico/Azure)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "85e2223e-ce8b-4b12-907c-a5f16f158e3e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Kubernetes network policies to increase intra-cluster security",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "a3a92c2d-e7e2-4165-a3a8-7af4a7a1f893",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-network",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use a WAF for web workloads (UIs or APIs)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "Resources | where type=~'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | mv-expand pools | project subnetId=tostring(pools.vnetSubnetID) | where isnotempty(subnetId) | join (Resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection=tostring(properties.enableDdosProtection),subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id)) on subnetId | distinct id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection | extend compliant = (enableDdosProtection == 'true')",
            "guid": "9bda4776-8f24-4c11-9775-c2ea55b46a94",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/ddos-protection-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use DDoS Standard in the AKS Virtual Network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "Resources | where type=~'microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | mv-expand pools | project subnetId=tostring(pools.vnetSubnetID) | where isnotempty(subnetId) | join (Resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection=tostring(properties.enableDdosProtection),subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id)) on subnetId | distinct id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection | extend compliant = (enableDdosProtection == 'true')",
            "guid": "6c46b91a-1107-4485-ad66-3183e2a8c266",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/http-proxy",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required add company HTTP Proxy",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "e9855d04-c3c3-49c9-a6bb-2c12159a114b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/servicemesh-about",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using a service mesh for advanced microservice communication management",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "67f7a9ed-5b31-4f38-a3f3-9812b2463cff",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/insights/container-insights-metric-alerts",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure alerts on the most critical metrics (see Container Insights for recommendations)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "337453a3-cc63-4963-9a65-22ac19e80696",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/advisor/advisor-get-started",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Check regularly Azure Advisor for recommendations on your cluster",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "3aa70560-e7e7-4968-be3d-628af35b2ced",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/certificate-rotation",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable AKS auto-certificate rotation",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "e189c599-df0d-45a7-9dd4-ce32c1881370",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/supported-kubernetes-versions",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Have a regular process to upgrade your kubernetes version periodically (quarterly, for example), or use the AKS autoupgrade feature",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "6f7c4c0d-4e51-4464-ad24-57ed67138b82",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-updates-kured",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use kured for Linux node upgrades in case you are not using node-image upgrade",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "139c9580-ade3-426a-ba09-cf157d9f6477",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-image-upgrade",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Have a regular process to upgrade the cluster node images periodically (weekly, for example)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "0102ce16-ee30-41e6-b882-e52e4621dd68",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/bedrock/bedrock-automated-deployments",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider gitops to deploy applications or cluster configuration to multiple clusters",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "d7672c26-7602-4482-85a4-14527fbe855c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/command-invoke",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider using AKS command invoke on private clusters",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "31d7aaab-7571-4449-ab80-53d89e89d17b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-auto-repair#node-autodrain",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For planned events consider using Node Auto Drain",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "ed0fda7f-211b-47c7-8b6e-c18873fb473c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/faq",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Develop own governance practices to make sure no changes are performed by operators in the node RG (aka 'infra RG')",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (properties.nodeResourceGroup !startswith 'MC_') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "73b32a5a-67f7-4a9e-b5b3-1f38c3f39812",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/cluster-configuration",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use custom Node RG (aka 'Infra RG') name",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "b2463cff-e189-4c59-adf0-d5a73dd4ce32",
            "link": "https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/release/notes/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not use deprecated Kubernetes APIs in your YAML manifests",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c1881370-6f7c-44c0-b4e5-14648d2457ed",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure-stack/aks-hci/adapt-apps-mixed-os-clusters",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Taint Windows nodes",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "67138b82-0102-4ce1-9ee3-01e6e882e52e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/virtualization/windowscontainers/deploy-containers/version-compatibility?tabs=windows-server-20H2%2Cwindows-10-20H2",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Keep windows containers patch level in sync with host patch level",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "description": "Via Diagnostic Settings at the cluster level",
            "guid": "5b56ad48-408f-4e72-934c-476ba280dcf5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/monitor-aks",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Send master logs (aka API logs) to Azure Monitor or your preferred log management solution",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "64d1a846-e28a-4b6b-9a33-22a635c15a21",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/node-pool-snapshot",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required use nodePool snapshots",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c5a5b252-1e44-4a59-a9d2-399c4d7b68d0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/spot-node-pool",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider spot node pools for non time-sensitive workloads",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.addonProfiles.aciConnectorLinux) and properties.addonProfiles.aciConnectorLinux.enabled==true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "c755562f-2b4e-4456-9b4d-874a748b662e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/concepts-scale",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider AKS virtual node for quick bursting",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "6f8389a7-f82c-4b8e-a8c0-aa63a25a4956",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/insights/container-insights-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Monitor your cluster metrics with Container Insights (or other tools like Prometheus)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.addonProfiles.omsagent) and properties.addonProfiles.omsagent.enabled==true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "eaa8dc4a-2436-47b3-9697-15b1752beee0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/insights/container-insights-overview",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Store and analyze your cluster logs with Container Insights (or other tools like Telegraf/ElasticSearch)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "4621dd68-c5a5-4be2-bdb1-1726769ef669",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/containers/container-insights-analyze",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor CPU and memory utilization of the nodes",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "1a4835ac-9422-423e-ae80-b123081a5417",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/configure-azure-cni",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using Azure CNI, monitor % of pod IPs consumed per node",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "description": "I/O in the OS disk is a critical resource. If the OS in the nodes gets throttled on I/O, this could lead to unpredictable behavior, typically ending up in node being declared NotReady",
            "guid": "415833ea-3ad3-4c2d-b733-165c3acbe04b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor OS disk queue depth in nodes",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "be209d39-fda4-4777-a424-d116785c2fa5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/load-balancer-standard",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If not using egress filtering with AzFW/NVA, monitor standard ALB allocated SNAT ports",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "74c2ee76-569b-4a79-a57e-dedf91b022c9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/aks-resource-health",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Subscribe to resource health notifications for your AKS cluster",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "b54eb2eb-03dd-4aa3-9927-18e2edb11726",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-scheduler",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure requests and limits in your pod specs",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "769ef669-1a48-435a-a942-223ece80b123",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-scheduler",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce resource quotas for namespaces",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "081a5417-4158-433e-a3ad-3c2de733165c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure your subscription has enough quota to scale out your nodepools",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "f4fd0602-7ab5-46f1-b66a-e9dea9654a65",
            "link": "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-startup-probes/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure Liveness and Readiness probes for all deployments",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.autoScalerProfile)) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "90ce65de-8e13-4f9c-abd4-69266abca264",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/concepts-scale",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the Cluster Autoscaler",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.austoscalerProfile)) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "831c2872-c693-4b39-a887-a561bada49bc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/custom-node-configuration",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Customize node configuration for AKS node pools",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "faa19bfe-9d55-4d04-a3c4-919ca1b2d121",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/concepts-scale",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler when required",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "description": "Larger nodes will bring higher performance and features such as ephemeral disks and accelerated networking, but they will increase the blast radius and decrease the scaling granularity",
            "guid": "5ae124ba-34df-4585-bcdc-e9bd3bb0cdb3",
            "link": "https://blog.cloudtrooper.net/2020/10/23/which-vm-size-should-i-choose-as-aks-node/",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider an appropriate node size, not too large or too small",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "38800e6a-ae01-40a2-9fbc-ae5a06e5462d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/quotas-skus-regions#service-quotas-and-limits",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If more than 5000 nodes are required for scalability then consider using an additional AKS cluster",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "9583c0f6-6083-43f6-aa6b-df7102c901bb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-grid/event-schema-aks",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider subscribing to EventGrid Events for AKS automation",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c5016d8c-c6c9-4165-89ae-673ef0fff19d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/manage-abort-operations",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For long running operation on an AKS cluster consider event termination",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "c4e37133-f186-4ce1-aed9-9f1b32f6e021",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-azure-dedicated-hosts",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If required consider using Azure Dedicated Hosts for AKS nodes",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "graph": "where type=='microsoft.containerservice/managedclusters' | project id,resourceGroup,name,pools=properties.agentPoolProfiles | mvexpand pools | extend compliant = (pools.osDiskType=='Ephemeral') | project id,name=strcat(name,'-',pools.name), resourceGroup, compliant",
            "guid": "24367b33-6971-45b1-952b-eee0b9b588de",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/cluster-configuration",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use ephemeral OS disks",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "f0ce315f-1120-4166-8206-94f2cf3a4d07",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/disks-types",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For non-ephemeral disks, use high IOPS and larger OS disks for the nodes when running many pods/node since it requires high performance for running multiple pods and will generate huge logs with default AKS log rotation thresholds",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "39c486ce-d5af-4062-89d5-18bb5fd795db",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/use-ultra-disks",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For hyper performance storage option use Ultra Disks on AKS",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "9f7547c1-747d-4c56-868a-714435bd19dd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-multi-region",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Avoid keeping state in the cluster, and store data outside (AzStorage, AzSQL, Cosmos, etc)",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "24429eb7-2281-4376-85cc-57b4a4b18142",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/operator-best-practices-storage",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using AzFiles Standard, consider AzFiles Premium and/or ANF for performance reasons",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Azure AKS Review",
            "guid": "83958a8c-2689-4b32-ab57-cfc64546135a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/aks/availability-zones#azure-disk-availability-zone-support",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using Azure Disks and AZs, consider having nodepools within a zone for LRS disk with VolumeBindingMode:WaitForFirstConsumer for provisioning storage in right zone or use ZRS disk for nodepools spanning multiple zones",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "70c15989-c726-42c7-b0d3-24b7375b9201",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/multi-tenant/considerations-recommendations",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use one Entra tenant for managing your Azure resources, unless you have a clear regulatory or business requirement for multi-tenants.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/deploy-resources-scopes-bicep/2-understand-deployment-scopes",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "6309957b-821a-43d1-b9d9-7fcf1802b747",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/multi-tenant/automation",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Multi-Tenant Automation approach to managing your Microsoft Entra ID Tenants.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/architecture/multi-tenant-user-management-introduction/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "78e11934-499a-45ed-8ef7-aae5578f0ecf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/multi-tenant/lighthouse",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Lighthouse for Multi-Tenant Management with the same IDs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/lighthouse/concepts/cross-tenant-management-experience",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5d82e6df-6f61-42f2-82e2-3132d293be3d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/azure-billing-microsoft-customer-agreement#design-recommendations",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you give a partner access to administer your tenant, use Azure Lighthouse.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/lighthouse/how-to/onboard-customer",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "348ef254-c27d-442e-abba-c7571559ab91",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/overview",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce a RBAC model that aligns to your cloud operating model. Scope and Assign across Management Groups and Subscriptions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "12e7f983-f630-4472-8dd6-9c5b5c2622f5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/roles/security-planning#identify-microsoft-accounts-in-administrative-roles-that-need-to-be-switched-to-work-or-school-accounts",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Only use the authentication type Work or school account for all account types. Avoid using the Microsoft account",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/explore-basic-services-identity-types/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "4b69bad3-3aad-45e8-a68e-1d76667313b4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/active-directory-groups-create-azure-portal",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Only use groups to assign permissions. Add on-premises groups to the Entra ID only group if a group management system is already in place.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/manage-identity-and-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "53e8908a-e28c-484c-93b6-b7808b9fe5c4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/conditional-access/overview",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access policies for any user with rights to Azure environments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/plan-implement-administer-conditional-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1049d403-a923-4c34-94d0-0018ac6a9e01",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-mfa-howitworks",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce multi-factor authentication for any user with rights to the Azure environments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/authentication/concept-mandatory-multifactor-authentication",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "14658d35-58fd-4772-99b8-21112df27ee4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/privileged-identity-management/pim-configure",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce Microsoft Entra ID Privileged Identity Management (PIM) to establish zero standing access and least privilege.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-ad-privileged-identity-management/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "8b9fe5c4-1049-4d40-9a92-3c3474d00018",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/domain-services/overview",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If planning to switch from Active Directory Domain Services to Entra domain services, evaluate the compatibility of all workloads.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/implement-hybrid-identity-windows-server/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.aad/domainservices' | extend replicaSets = properties.replicaSets | where array_length(replicaSets) < 2 | project name=name, id=id, tags=tags, param1=strcat('replicaSetLocation:', replicaSets[0].location)",
            "guid": "0dd4e625-9c4b-4a56-b54a-4357bac12761",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/domain-services/overview",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Microsoft Entra Domain Services use replica sets. Replica sets will improve the resiliency of your managed domain and allow you to deploy to additional regions. ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/understand-azure-active-directory/6-examine-azure-domain-services",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1cf0b8da-70bd-44d0-94af-8d99cfc89ae1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/concept-activity-logs-azure-monitor",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Integrate Microsoft Entra ID logs with the platform-central Azure Monitor. Azure Monitor allows for a single source of truth around log and monitoring data in Azure, giving organizations a cloud native options to meet requirements around log collection and retention.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/monitoring-health/howto-integrate-activity-logs-with-azure-monitor-logs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "984a859c-773e-47d2-9162-3a765a917e1f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/roles/security-emergency-access",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Implement an emergency access or break-glass accounts to prevent tenant-wide account lockout. MFA will be turned on by default for all users in Oct 2024. We recommend updating these accounts to use passkey (FIDO2) or configure certificate-based authentication for MFA. ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/role-based-access-control/security-emergency-access#exclude-at-least-one-account-from-conditional-access-policies",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "35037e68-9349-4c15-b371-228514f4cdff",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/roles/best-practices",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not use on-premises synced accounts for Microsoft Entra ID role assignments, unless you have a scenario that specifically requires it.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-identity-security-strategy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "d5d1e4e6-1465-48d3-958f-d77249b82111",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Microsoft Entra ID Application Proxy to give remote users access to applications, manage it as a Platform resource as you can only have one instance per tenant.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-applications-external-access-azure-ad/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e8bbac75-7155-49ab-a153-e8908ae28c84",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/enterprise-scale/network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a hub-and-spoke network topology for network scenarios that require maximum flexibility.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7bc1c396-2461-4698-b57f-30ca69525252",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/considerations/regions",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy your Azure landing zone connectivity resources in multiple regions, so that you can quickly support multi-region application landing zones and disaster recovery scenarios.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7dd61623-a364-4a90-9eca-e48ebd54cd7d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/traditional-azure-networking-topology",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy shared networking services, including ExpressRoute gateways, VPN gateways, and Azure Firewall or partner NVAs in the central-hub virtual network. If necessary, also deploy DNS services.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e2e8abac-3571-4559-ab91-53e89f89dc7b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/dmz/nva-ha",
            "service": "NVA",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When deploying partner networking technologies or NVAs, follow the partner vendor's guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "ce463dbb-bc8a-4c2a-aebc-92a43da1dae2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-resource-manager#to-enable-transit-routing-between-expressroute-and-azure-vpn",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If you need transit between ExpressRoute and VPN gateways in hub and spoke scenarios, use Azure Route Server.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-route-server/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualHubs",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id, subnetName = subnets.name, subnetPrefix = subnets.properties.addressPrefix | extend subnetPrefixLength = split(subnetPrefix, '/')[1] | where subnetName == 'RouteServerSubnet' | extend compliant = (subnetPrefixLength <= 27) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "91b9d7d5-91e1-4dcb-8f1f-fa7e465646cc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/route-server/quickstart-configure-route-server-portal#create-a-route-server-1",
            "service": "ARS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If using Route Server, use a /27 prefix for the Route Server subnet.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-route-server/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "cc881471-607c-41cc-a0e6-14658dd558f9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-networks-faq#can-i-create-a-peering-connection-to-a-vnet-in-a-different-region",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For network architectures with multiple hub-and-spoke topologies across Azure regions, use global virtual network peerings between the hub VNets to connect the regions to each other.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/azure-administrator-manage-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "4722d929-c1b1-4cd6-81f5-4b29bade39ad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/insights/network-insights-overview",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Monitor for Networks to monitor the end-to-end state of the networks on Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-network-monitoring/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | mvexpand properties.virtualNetworkPeerings | summarize peeringcount = count() by id | extend compliant = (peeringcount < 450) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "0e7c28ec-9366-4572-83b0-f4664b1d944a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits?toc=/azure/virtual-network/toc.json#azure-resource-manager-virtual-networking-limits",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you have more than 400 spoke networks in a region, deploy an additional hub to bypass VNet peering limits (500) and the maximum number of prefixes that can be advertised via ExpressRoute (1000).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/routetables' | mvexpand properties.routes | summarize routeCount = count() by id | extend compliant = (routeCount < 360) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "3d457936-e9b7-41eb-bdff-314b26450b12",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits?toc=/azure/virtual-network/toc.json#azure-resource-manager-virtual-networking-limits",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit the number of routes per route table to 400.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | mvexpand properties.virtualNetworkPeerings | project id, peeringName=properties_virtualNetworkPeerings.name, compliant = (properties_virtualNetworkPeerings.properties.allowVirtualNetworkAccess == True)",
            "guid": "c76cb5a2-abe2-11ed-afa1-0242ac120002",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-network-manage-peering",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use the setting 'Allow traffic to remote virtual network' when configuring VNet peerings.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/loadbalancers' | where tolower(sku.name) != 'basic' | mv-expand feIPconfigs = properties.frontendIPConfigurations | extend feConfigName = (feIPconfigs.name), PrivateSubnetId = toupper(feIPconfigs.properties.subnet.id), PrivateIPZones = feIPconfigs.zones, PIPid = toupper(feIPconfigs.properties.publicIPAddress.id), JoinID = toupper(id) | where isnotempty(PrivateSubnetId) | where isnull(PrivateIPZones) or array_length(PrivateIPZones) < 2 | project name, feConfigName, id | union (resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/loadbalancers' | where tolower(sku.name) != 'basic' | mv-expand feIPconfigs = properties.frontendIPConfigurations | extend feConfigName = (feIPconfigs.name), PIPid = toupper(feIPconfigs.properties.publicIPAddress.id), JoinID = toupper(id) | where isnotempty(PIPid) | join kind=innerunique ( resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/publicipaddresses' | where isnull(zones) or array_length(zones) < 2 | extend LBid = toupper(substring(properties.ipConfiguration.id, 0, indexof(properties.ipConfiguration.id, '/frontendIPConfigurations'))), InnerID = toupper(id) ) on $left.PIPid == $right.InnerID) | project name, id, tags, param1='Zones: No Zone or Zonal', param2=strcat('Frontend IP Configuration:', ' ', feConfigName)",
            "guid": "9dcd6250-9c4a-4382-aa9b-5b84c64fc1fe",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/reliability-load-balancer?tabs=graph#zone-redundant",
            "service": "Load Balancer",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Standard Load Balancer SKU with a zone-redundant deployment, Selecting Standard SKU Load Balancer enhances reliability through availability zones and zone resiliency, ensuring deployments withstand zone and region failures. Unlike Basic, it supports global load balancing and offers an SLA.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | extend bep = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackEndPools = array_length(bep) | where BackEndPools == 0 | project name, id, Param1='backendPools', Param2=toint(0), tags | union (resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | where sku.name == 'Standard' | extend bep = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackEndPools = toint(array_length(bep)) | mv-expand bip = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackendAddresses = array_length(bip.properties.loadBalancerBackendAddresses) | where toint(BackendAddresses) <= 1 | project name, id, tags, Param1='backendAddresses', Param2=toint(BackendAddresses)) | union ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | where sku.name == 'Basic' | mv-expand properties.backendAddressPools | extend backendPoolId = properties_backendAddressPools.id | project id, name, tags, tostring(backendPoolId), Param1='BackEndPools' | join kind = leftouter ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces' | mv-expand properties.ipConfigurations | mv-expand properties_ipConfigurations.properties.loadBalancerBackendAddressPools | extend backendPoolId = tostring(properties_ipConfigurations_properties_loadBalancerBackendAddressPools.id) | summarize poolMembers = count() by backendPoolId | project tostring(backendPoolId), poolMembers ) on backendPoolId | where toint(poolMembers) <= 1 | extend BackendAddresses = poolMembers | project id, name, tags, Param1='backendAddresses', Param2=toint(BackendAddresses))",
            "guid": "48682fb1-1e86-4458-a686-518ebd47393d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/reliability-load-balancer?tabs=graph#zone-redundant",
            "service": "Load Balancer",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure load balancer backend pool(s) contains at least two instances, Deploying Azure Load Balancers with at least two instances in the backend prevents a single point of failure and supports scalability.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "de0d5973-cd4c-4d21-a088-137f5e6c4cfd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-macsec",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When you're using ExpressRoute Direct, configure MACsec in order to encrypt traffic at the layer-two level between the organization's routers and MSEE. The diagram shows this encryption in flow.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "ed301d6e-872e-452e-9611-cc58b5a4b151",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/vpn-gateway/site-to-site-vpn-private-peering",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For scenarios where MACsec isn't an option (for example, not using ExpressRoute Direct), use a VPN gateway to establish IPsec tunnels over ExpressRoute private peering.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "558fd772-49b8-4211-82df-27ee412e7f98",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-ip-addressing",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure no overlapping IP address spaces across Azure regions and on-premises locations are used.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | extend addressSpace = todynamic(properties.addressSpace) | extend addressPrefix = todynamic(properties.addressSpace.addressPrefixes) | mvexpand addressSpace | mvexpand addressPrefix | project name, id, location, resourceGroup, subscriptionId, cidr = addressPrefix | extend compliant = (cidr matches regex @'^(10\\\\.|172\\\\.(1[6-9]|2[0-9]|3[01])\\\\.|192\\\\.168\\\\.)')  | project id, compliant, cidr",
            "guid": "3f630472-2dd6-49c5-a5c2-622f54b69bad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-ip-addressing",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use IP addresses from the address allocation ranges for private internets (RFC 1918).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | extend addressSpace = todynamic(properties.addressSpace) | extend addressPrefix = todynamic(properties.addressSpace.addressPrefixes) | mvexpand addressSpace | mvexpand addressPrefix | extend addressMask = split(addressPrefix,'/')[1] | extend compliant = addressMask > 16 | project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, addressPrefix, compliant",
            "guid": "33aad5e8-c68e-41d7-9667-313b4f5664b5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-ip-addressing",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that IP address space isn't wasted, don't create unnecessarily large virtual networks (for example /16).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "f348ef25-4c27-4d42-b8bb-ac7571559ab9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/concepts-on-premises-to-azure-networking#retain-ip-addresses",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Do not use overlapping IP address ranges for production and disaster recovery sites.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/az-104-manage-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses' and sku.tier =~ 'Regional' | where isempty(zones) or array_length(zones) <= 1 | extend az = case(isempty(zones), 'Non-zonal', array_length(zones) <= 1, strcat('Zonal (', strcat_array(zones, ','), ')'), zones) | project name, id, tags, param1 = strcat('sku: ', sku.name), param2 = strcat('availabilityZone: ', az)",
            "guid": "0c47f486-656d-4699-8c30-edef5b8a93c4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/ip-services/public-ip-addresses#availability-zone",
            "service": "Public IP Addresses",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Standard SKU and Zone-Redundant IPs when applicable, Public IP addresses in Azure can be of standard SKU, available as non-zonal, zonal, or zone-redundant. Zone-redundant IPs are accessible across all zones, resisting any single zone failure, thereby providing higher resilience. ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/training/modules/configure-virtual-networks/6-create-public-ip-addressing",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "153e8908-ae28-4c84-a33b-6b7808b9fe5c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/dns/private-dns-getstarted-portal",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For environments where name resolution in Azure is all that's required, use Azure Private DNS for resolution with a delegated zone for name resolution (such as 'azure.contoso.com').",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/az-104-manage-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "41049d40-3a92-43c3-974d-00018ac6a9e0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/dns/dns-private-resolver-overview",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For environments where name resolution across Azure and on-premises is required and there is no existing enterprise DNS service like Active Directory, use Azure DNS Private Resolver to route DNS requests to Azure or to on-premises DNS servers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-dns-private-resolver/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1e6a83de-5de3-42c1-a924-81607d5d1e4e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-networks-name-resolution-for-vms-and-role-instances",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Special workloads that require and deploy their own DNS (such as Red Hat OpenShift) should use their preferred DNS solution.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/courses/az-700t00",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "614658d3-558f-4d77-849b-821112df27ee",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/dns/private-dns-autoregistration",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable auto-registration for Azure DNS to automatically manage the lifecycle of the DNS records for the virtual machines deployed within a virtual network.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/az-104-manage-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "18c80eb0-582a-4198-bf5c-d8800b2d263b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/private-link-and-dns-integration-at-scale#private-link-and-dns-integration-in-hub-and-spoke-network-architectures",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement a plan for managing DNS resolution between multiple Azure regions and when services fail over to another region",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/az-104-manage-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/bastionHosts",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "ee1ac551-c4d5-46cf-b035-d0a3c50d87ad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/bastion/bastion-overview",
            "service": "Bastion",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Bastion to securely connect to your network.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-bastion/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/bastionHosts",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id, subnetName = subnets.name, subnetPrefix = subnets.properties.addressPrefix | extend subnetPrefixLength = split(subnetPrefix, '/')[1] | where subnetName == 'AzureBastionSubnet' | extend compliant = (subnetPrefixLength <= 26) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "6eab9eb6-762b-485e-8ea8-15aa5dba0bd0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/bastion/bastion-faq#subnet",
            "service": "Bastion",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Bastion in a subnet /26 or larger.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-bastion/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoorwebApplicationFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1d7aa9b6-4704-4489-a804-2d88e79d17b7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/afds-overview",
            "service": "WAF",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Front Door and WAF policies to provide global protection across Azure regions for inbound HTTP/S connections to a landing zone.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoorwebApplicationFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "3b22a5a6-7e7a-48ed-9b30-e38c3f29812b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "WAF",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "When using Azure Front Door and Azure Application Gateway to help protect HTTP/S apps, use WAF policies in Azure Front Door. Lock down Azure Application Gateway to receive traffic only from Azure Front Door.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoorwebApplicationFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "2363cefe-179b-4599-be0d-5973cd4cd21b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "WAF",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When WAFs and other reverse proxies are required for inbound HTTP/S connections, deploy them within a landing-zone virtual network and together with the apps that they're protecting and exposing to the internet.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "088137f5-e6c4-4cfd-9e50-4547c2447ec6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-reference-architectures",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure DDoS Network or IP Protection plans to help protect Public IP Addresses endpoints within the virtual networks including application landing zones.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b034c01e-110b-463a-b36e-e3346e57f225",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/ip-services/default-outbound-access",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Plan for how to manage your network outbound traffic configuration and strategy before the upcoming breaking change. On September 30, 2025, default outbound access for new deployments will be retired and only explicit access configurations will be allowed.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b1c82a3f-2320-4dfa-8972-7ae4823c8930",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-reference-architectures",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Add diagnostic settings to save DDoS related logs for all the protected public IP addresses (DDoS IP or Network Protection).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "3c5a808d-c695-4c14-a63c-c7ab7a510e41",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/Enterprise-Scale/wiki/ALZ-Policies#corp",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure there is a policy assignment to deny Public IP addresses directly tied to Virtual Machines.  Use exclusions if public IPs are needed on specific VMs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "359c373e-7dd6-4162-9a36-4a907ecae48e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/connectivity-to-azure",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use ExpressRoute as the primary connection to Azure.  Use VPNs as a source of backup connectivity.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "description": "You can use AS-path prepending and connection weights to influence traffic from Azure to on-premises, and the full range of BGP attributes in your own routers to influence traffic from on-premises to Azure.",
            "guid": "f29812b2-363c-4efe-879b-599de0d5973c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-routing",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When you use multiple ExpressRoute circuits or multiple on-prem locations, use BGP attributes to optimize routing.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways'| where properties.gatewayType =~ 'vpn' or properties.gatewayType == 'ExpressRoute'| extend SKUName = properties.sku.name, SKUTier = properties.sku.tier, Type = properties.gatewayType| extend compliant = SKUTier !in ('Basic', 'Standard')| project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, compliant",
            "guid": "d4cd21b0-8813-47f5-b6c4-cfd3e504547c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways?source=recommendations#gwsku",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Select the right SKU for the ExpressRoute/VPN gateways based on bandwidth and performance requirements.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/expressroutecircuits' | extend compliant = (tolower(sku.family) == 'metereddata' or tolower(sku.tier) == 'local') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "7025b442-f6e9-4af6-b11f-c9574916016f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/plan-manage-cost",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that you're using unlimited-data ExpressRoute circuits only if you reach the bandwidth that justifies their cost.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/connections' | where properties.connectionType == 'ExpressRoute' | project id, gwid=tostring(properties.virtualNetworkGateway1.id), circuitid=tostring(properties.peer.id) | join (resources | where type=='microsoft.network/expressroutecircuits' | project circuitid=tostring(id), circuitsku=sku.tier) on circuitid | project id=gwid, compliant = (circuitsku == 'Local') | summarize compliant=max(compliant) by id",
            "guid": "f4e7926a-ec35-476e-a412-5dd17136bd62",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-faqs#expressroute-local",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage the Local SKU of ExpressRoute to reduce the cost of your circuits, if your circuit peering location supports your Azure regions for the Local SKU.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways'| where properties.gatewayType =~ 'vpn' or properties.gatewayType == 'ExpressRoute'| extend SKUName = properties.sku.name, SKUTier = properties.sku.tier, Type = properties.gatewayType| extend compliant = SKUTier contains 'AZ'| project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, Type, compliant",
            "guid": "2447ec66-138a-4720-8f1c-e16ed301d6e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy a zone-redundant ExpressRoute gateway in the supported Azure regions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "72e52e36-11cc-458b-9a4b-1511e43a58a9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/connectivity-to-azure",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For scenarios that require bandwidth higher than 10 Gbps or dedicated 10/100-Gbps ports, use ExpressRoute Direct.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "c2299c4d-7b57-4d0c-9555-62f2b3e4563a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When low latency is required, or throughput from on-premises to Azure must be greater than 10 Gbps, enable FastPath to bypass the ExpressRoute gateway from the data path.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualNetworkGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways' | where properties.gatewayType == 'Vpn' | extend compliant = (tolower(properties.sku.name) contains 'az') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "4d873974-8b66-42d6-b15f-512a65498f6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/vpn-gateway/create-zone-redundant-vnet-gateway",
            "service": "VPN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use zone-redundant VPN gateways to connect branches or remote locations to Azure (where available).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-vpn-gateway/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualNetworkGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "45866df8-cf85-4ca9-bbe2-65ec1478919e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-highlyavailable",
            "service": "VPN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use redundant VPN appliances on-premises (active/active or active/passive).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-vpn-gateway/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "718cb437-b060-2589-8856-2e93a5c6633b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-erdirect-about",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using ExpressRoute Direct, consider using ExpressRoute Local circuits to the local Azure regions to save costs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "8042d88e-79d1-47b7-9b22-a5a67e7a8ed4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/framework/services/networking/expressroute/reliability",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When traffic isolation or dedicated bandwidth is required, such as for separating production and nonproduction environments, use different ExpressRoute circuits. It will help you ensure isolated routing domains and alleviate noisy-neighbor risks.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b30e38c3-f298-412b-8363-cefe179b599d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-monitoring-metrics-alerts",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor ExpressRoute availability and utilization using built-in Express Route Insights.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5bf68dc9-325e-4873-bf88-f8214ef2e5d2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-connection-monitor",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Connection Monitor for connectivity monitoring across the network, especially between on-premises and Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/connections' | where properties.connectionType == 'ExpressRoute' | project cxId=id, gwId=tostring(properties.virtualNetworkGateway1.id), circuitId=tostring(properties.peer.id) | join (resources | where type=='microsoft.network/expressroutecircuits' | project circuitId=tostring(id), circuitLocation=tostring(properties.serviceProviderProperties.peeringLocation)) on circuitId | distinct gwId, circuitLocation | summarize countErLocations=count() by id=gwId | extend compliant = (countErLocations >= 2)",
            "guid": "e0d5973c-d4cd-421b-8881-37f5e6c4cfd3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering#need-for-redundant-connectivity-solution",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use ExpressRoute circuits from different peering locations for redundancy.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "cf3fe65c-fec0-495a-8edc-9675200f2add",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-resource-manager",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use site-to-site VPN as failover of ExpressRoute, if only using a single ExpressRoute circuit.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,subnetName=tostring(subnets.name),routeTableId=tostring(subnets.properties.routeTable.id) | where subnetName == 'GatewaySubnet' | join kind=leftouter (Resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/routetables' | project routeTableName=name,routeTableId=id, disableBgpRoutePropagation=properties.disableBgpRoutePropagation) on routeTableId | project id,compliant = (disableBgpRoutePropagation == False or isnull(disableBgpRoutePropagation))",
            "guid": "72105cc8-aaea-4ee1-8c7a-ad25977afcaf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-about-vpn-gateway-settings#gwsub",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you are using a route table in the GatewaySubnet, make sure that gateway routes are propagated.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "d581a947-69a2-4783-942e-9df3664324c8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-high-availability-with-expressroute#active-active-connections",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using ExpressRoute, your on-premises routing should be dynamic: in the event of a connection failure it should converge to the remaining connection of the circuit. Load should be shared across both connections ideally as active/active, although active/passive is supported too.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b258f058-b9f6-46cd-b28d-990106f0c3f8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-high-availability-with-expressroute",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure the two physical links of your ExpressRoute circuit are connected to two distinct edge devices in your network.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "fe2a1b53-6fbd-4c67-b58a-85d7c7a0afcb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-bfd",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) is enabled and configured on customer or provider edge routing devices.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "669b215a-ce43-4371-8f6f-11047f6490f1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Connect the ExpressRoute Gateway to two or more circuits from different peering locations for higher resiliency.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "3f79ed00-203b-4c95-9efd-691505f5a1f9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-howto-setup-alerts-virtual-network-gateway-log",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure diagnostic logs and alerts for ExpressRoute virtual network gateway.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5234c93f-b651-41dd-80c1-234177b91ced",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/virtual-network-connectivity-guidance",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not use ExpressRoute circuits for VNet-to-VNet communication.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "8ac6a9e0-1e6a-483d-b5de-32c199248160",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-about",
            "service": "N/A",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Do not send Azure traffic to hybrid locations for inspection.  Instead, follow the principle 'traffic in Azure stays in Azure' so that communication across resources in Azure occurs via the Microsoft backbone network.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e6c4cfd3-e504-4547-a244-7ec66138a720",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/overview",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Firewall to govern Azure outbound traffic to the internet, non-HTTP/S inbound connections, and East/West traffic filtering (if the organization requires it).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5a4b1511-e43a-458a-ac22-99c4d7b57d0c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall-manager/policy-overview",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create a global Azure Firewall policy to govern security posture across the global network environment and assign it to all Azure Firewall instances. Allow for granular policies to meet requirements of specific regions by delegating incremental firewall policies to local security teams via Azure role-based access control.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "655562f2-b3e4-4563-a4d8-739748b662d6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall-manager/deploy-trusted-security-partner",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Configure supported partner SaaS security providers within Firewall Manager if the organization wants to use such solutions to help protect outbound connections.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/firewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties.dnsSettings.enableProxy == true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "14d99880-2f88-47e8-a134-62a7d85c94af",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/fqdn-filtering-network-rules",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use application rules to filter outbound traffic on destination host name for supported protocols.  Use FQDN-based network rules and Azure Firewall with DNS proxy to filter egress traffic to the Internet over other protocols.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/firewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties.sku.tier == 'Premium') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "c10d51ef-f999-455d-bba0-5c90ece07447",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/premium-features",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Firewall Premium to enable additional security features.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-firewall/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/firewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties.threatIntelMode == 'Deny') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "e9c8f584-6d5e-473b-8dc5-acc9fbaab4e3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/premium-features#idps-signature-rules",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure Azure Firewall Threat Intelligence mode to Alert and Deny for additional protection.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/firewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties.intrusionDetection.mode == 'Deny') | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "b9d0dff5-bdd4-4cd8-88ed-5811610b2b2c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/premium-features#idps",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure Azure Firewall IDPS mode to Deny for additional protection.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-firewall/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,name,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id), subnetName=tostring(subnets.name),subnetRT=subnets.properties.routeTable.id | where not (subnetName in ('GatewaySubnet', 'AzureFirewallSubnet', 'RouteServerSubnet', 'AzureBastionSubnet')) | extend hasRT = isnotnull(subnetRT) | distinct id, hasRT, subnetId | join kind=fullouter (resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | mvexpand properties.virtualNetworkPeerings | extend isVWAN=(tolower(split(properties_virtualNetworkPeerings.name, '_')[0]) == 'remotevnettohubpeering') | mv-expand properties.subnets | project id, isVWAN, name, subnetId=tostring(properties_subnets.id), subnetName=tostring(properties_subnets.name) | summarize PeeredToVWAN=max(isVWAN) by id, subnetId | project id, subnetId, isVWANpeer = (PeeredToVWAN == true)) on subnetId | project id=iff(isnotempty(id), id, id1), subnetId=iff(isnotempty(subnetId), subnetId, subnetId1), hasRT, isVWANpeer | extend compliant = (hasRT==true or isVWANpeer==true) | distinct id, subnetId, compliant",
            "guid": "a3784907-9836-4271-aafc-93535f8ec08b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-networks-udr-overview",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For subnets in VNets not connected to Virtual WAN, attach a route table so that Internet traffic is redirected to Azure Firewall or a Network Virtual Appliance.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "715d833d-4708-4527-90ac-1b142c7045ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/firewall-structured-logs",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add diagnostic settings to save logs, using the Resource Specific destination table, for all Azure Firewall deployments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e960fc6b-4ab2-4db6-9609-3745135f9ffa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall-manager/migrate-to-policy",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Migrate from Azure Firewall Classic rules (if exist) to Firewall Policy.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id, subnetName = subnets.name, subnetPrefix = subnets.properties.addressPrefix | extend subnetPrefixLength = split(subnetPrefix, '/')[1] | where subnetName == 'AzureFirewallSubnet' | extend compliant = (subnetPrefixLength == 26) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "22d6419e-b627-4d95-9e7d-019fa759387f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/firewall-faq#why-does-azure-firewall-need-a--26-subnet-size",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use a /26 prefix for your Azure Firewall subnets.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-firewall/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "828cec2e-af6c-40c2-8fa2-1b681ee63eb7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall-manager/rule-hierarchy",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Arrange rules within the firewall policy into Rule Collection Groups and Rule Collections and based on their frequency of use.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/intro-to-azure-firewall-manager/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "0da83bb1-2f39-49af-b5c9-835fc455e3d1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/ip-groups",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use IP Groups or IP prefixes to reduce number of IP table rules.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "c44c6f0e-1642-4a61-a17b-0922f835c93a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/tutorial-firewall-dnat",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not use wildcards as a source IP for DNATS, such as * or any, you should specify source IPs for incoming DNATs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-to-azure-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7371dc21-251a-47a3-af14-6e01b9da4757",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/integrate-with-nat-gateway",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Prevent SNAT Port exhaustion by monitoring SNAT port usage, evaluating NAT Gateway settings, and ensuring seamless failover. If the port count approaches the limit, it’s a sign that SNAT exhaustion might be imminent.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-to-azure-virtual-networks/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "346840b8-1064-496e-8396-4b1340172d52",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/premium-features#tls-inspection",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you are using Azure Firewall Premium, enable TLS Inspection.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "39990a13-915c-45f9-a2d3-562d7d6c4b7c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/premium-features#web-categories",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use web categories to allow or deny outbound access to specific topics.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "6eff7e6c-6c4a-43d7-be3f-6641c2cb3d4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/example-scenario/gateway/application-gateway-before-azure-firewall",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "As part of your TLS inspection, plan for receiving traffic from Azure App Gateways for inspection.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-application-gateway/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/firewallPolicies' | where array_length(properties.firewalls) > 0 | extend compliant = (properties.dnsSettings.enableProxy =~ 'true') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "94f3eede-9aa3-4088-92a3-bb9a56509fad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/dns-details",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Azure Firewall DNS proxy configuration.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/courses/az-700t00/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1dc04554-dece-4ffb-a49e-5c683e09f8da",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/firewall-diagnostics",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Integrate Azure Firewall with Azure Monitor and enable diagnostic logging to store and analyze firewall logs and metrics.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/courses/az-700t00/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "64e7000e-3c06-485e-b455-ced7f454cba3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/well-architected/service-guides/azure-firewall",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement backups for your firewall rules",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/courses/az-104t00/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/azurefirewalls' | where array_length(zones) <= 1 or isnull(zones) | where isempty(properties.virtualHub.id) or isnull(properties.virtualHub.id) | project name, id, tags, param1='multipleZones:false'",
            "guid": "d38ad60c-bc9e-4d49-b699-97e5d4dcf707",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/deploy-availability-zone-powershell",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy Azure Firewall across multiple availability zones. Azure Firewall offers different SLAs depending on its deployment; in a single availability zone or across multiple, potentially improving reliability and performance.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/courses/az-104t00/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls' | where isempty(properties.virtualHub.id) or isnull(properties.virtualHub.id) | mv-expand ipConfig = properties.ipConfigurations | project name, firewallId = id, tags, vNetName = split(ipConfig.properties.subnet.id, '/', 8)[0], vNetId = tolower(substring(ipConfig.properties.subnet.id, 0, indexof(ipConfig.properties.subnet.id, '/subnet'))) | join kind=fullouter ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/ddosProtectionPlans' | mv-expand vNet = properties.virtualNetworks | project ddosProtectionPlanId = id, vNetId = tolower(vNet.id) ) on vNetId | extend compliant = iif(isempty(ddosProtectionPlanId), false, true) | project name, compliant, id = firewallId, tags, network = strcat('vNet: ', vNetName)",
            "guid": "e8143efa-0301-4d62-be54-ca7b5ce566dc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-overview",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure DDoS Protection on the Azure Firewall VNet, Associate a DDoS protection plan with the virtual network hosting Azure Firewall to provide enhanced mitigation against DDoS attacks. Azure Firewall Manager integrates the creation of firewall infrastructure and DDoS protection plans. ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "d301d6e8-72e5-42e3-911c-c58b5a4b1511",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/vnet-integration-for-azure-services",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Do not disrupt control-plane communication for Azure PaaS services injected into a virtual networks, such as with a 0.0.0.0/0 route or an NSG rule that blocks control plane traffic.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b3e4563a-4d87-4397-98b6-62d6d15f512a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/private-link/private-endpoint-overview",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Access Azure PaaS services from on-premises via private endpoints and ExpressRoute private peering. This method avoids transiting over the public internet.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,subnets = properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id = subnets.id, resourceGroup, VNet = name, serviceEndpoints = subnets.properties.serviceEndpoints, compliant = (isnull(subnets.properties.serviceEndpoints) or array_length(subnets.properties.serviceEndpoints) == 0) | order by compliant asc",
            "guid": "4704489a-8042-4d88-b79d-17b73b22a5a6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-network-service-endpoints-overview",
            "service": "VNet",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Don't enable virtual network service endpoints by default on all subnets.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7e7a8ed4-b30e-438c-9f29-812b2363cefe",
            "link": "azure/private-link/inspect-traffic-with-azure-firewall",
            "service": "Firewall",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Filter egress traffic to Azure PaaS services using FQDNs instead of IP addresses in Azure Firewall or an NVA to prevent data exfiltration. If using Private Link you can block all FQDNs, otherwise allow only the required PaaS services.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/expressRouteCircuits",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id, subnetName = subnets.name, subnetPrefix = subnets.properties.addressPrefix | extend subnetPrefixLength = split(subnetPrefix, '/')[1] | where subnetName == 'GatewaySubnet' | extend compliant = (subnetPrefixLength <= 27) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "f2aad7e3-bb03-4adc-8606-4123d342a917",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-gateway-resource-manager#add-a-gateway",
            "service": "ExpressRoute",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use at least a /27 prefix for your Gateway subnets.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups' | mvexpand properties.securityRules | project id,name,ruleAction=properties_securityRules.properties.access,rulePriority=properties_securityRules.properties.priority,ruleDst=properties_securityRules.properties.destinationAddressPrefix,ruleSrc=properties_securityRules.properties.sourceAddressPrefix,ruleProt=properties_securityRules.properties.protocol,ruleDirection=properties_securityRules.properties.direction,rulePort=properties_securityRules.properties.destinationPortRange | summarize StarDenies=countif(ruleAction=='Deny' and ruleDst=='*' and ruleSrc=='*' and ruleProt=='*' and rulePort=='*') by id,tostring(ruleDirection) | where ruleDirection == 'Inbound' | project id,compliant=(StarDenies>0) | union (resources | where type=='microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups' | where array_length(properties.securityRules)==0 | extend compliant=false | project id,compliant)",
            "guid": "11deb39d-8299-4e47-bbe0-0fb5a36318a8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/service-tags-overview#available-service-tags",
            "service": "NSG",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Don't rely on the NSG inbound default rules using the VirtualNetwork service tag to limit connectivity.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | mv-expand subnet = properties.subnets | where subnet.name !in~ ('GatewaySubnet', 'AzureFirewallSubnet', 'AzureFirewallManagementSubnet', 'RouteServerSubnet') | extend compliant = iff(isnotnull(subnet.properties.networkSecurityGroup.id), true, false) | project id, subnetName = subnet.name, vnetName = name, NSG = subnet.properties.networkSecurityGroup.id, compliant",
            "guid": "872e52e3-611c-4c58-a5a4-b1511e43a58a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-landing-zone-network-segmentation",
            "service": "NSG",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use NSGs to help protect traffic across subnets, as well as east/west traffic across the platform (traffic between landing zones).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "a4d87397-48b6-462d-9d15-f512a65498f6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/network-security-group-how-it-works",
            "service": "NSG",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use NSGs and application security groups to micro-segment traffic within the landing zone and avoid using a central NVA to filter traffic flows.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/virtualnetworks' | project subscriptionId, lowerCaseVNetId = tolower(id) | join kind = leftouter (    resources    | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/networkwatchers/flowlogs' and properties.enabled == true and properties.provisioningState =~ 'succeeded'    | where properties.targetResourceId contains '/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/'    | project flowlogId = id, trafficAnalyticsEnabled = properties.flowAnalyticsConfiguration.networkWatcherFlowAnalyticsConfiguration.enabled, lowerCaseTargetVNetId = tolower(properties.targetResourceId)    )    on $left.lowerCaseVNetId == $right.lowerCaseTargetVNetId | extend compliant = iff(isnotempty(lowerCaseTargetVNetId), true, false) | project id = lowerCaseVNetId, flowlogId, trafficAnalyticsEnabled, compliant",
            "guid": "dfe237de-143b-416c-91d7-aa9b64704489",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/network-watcher/vnet-flow-logs-overview",
            "service": "NSG",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable VNet Flow Logs and feed them into Traffic Analytics to gain insights into internal and external traffic flows.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-network-monitoring/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups' | project id, rules = array_length(properties.securityRules) | project id, compliant = (rules < 900)",
            "guid": "0390417d-53dc-44d9-b3f4-c8832f359b41",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits",
            "service": "NSG",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not implement more than 900 NSG rules per NSG, due to the limit of 1000 rules.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/network-security-group-how-it-works",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "412e7f98-3f63-4047-82dd-69c5b5c2622f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-any-to-any",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Virtual WAN if your scenario is explicitly described in the list of Virtual WAN routing designs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "54b69bad-33aa-4d5e-ac68-e1d76667313b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/virtual-wan-network-topology#virtual-wan-network-design-recommendationst",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a Virtual WAN hub per Azure region to connect multiple landing zones together across Azure regions via a common global Azure Virtual WAN.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualhubs' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.azureFirewall.id) | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "7d5d1e4e-6146-458d-9558-fd77249b8211",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/howto-firewall",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For outbound Internet traffic protection and filtering, deploy Azure Firewall in secured hubs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "6667313b-4f56-464b-9e98-4a859c773e7d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/migrate-from-hub-spoke-topology",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that your virtual WAN network architecture aligns to an identified architecture scenario.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "261623a7-65a9-417e-8f34-8ef254c27d42",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/azure-monitor-insights",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Monitor Insights for Virtual WAN to monitor the end-to-end topology of the Virtual WAN, status, and key metrics.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualwans' | extend compliant= (properties.allowBranchToBranchTraffic == 'true') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "727c77e1-b9aa-4a37-a024-129d042422c1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-faq#is-branch-to-branch-connectivity-allowed-in-virtual-wan",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not disable branch-to-branch traffic in Virtual WAN, unless these flows should be explicitly blocked.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualhubs'| extend compliant= (properties.hubRoutingPreference =~ 'ASPath') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "d49ac006-6670-4bc9-9948-d3e0a3a94f4d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/about-virtual-hub-routing-preference",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use AS-Path as hub routing preference, since it is more flexible than ExpressRoute or VPN.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "2586b854-237e-47f1-84a1-d45d4cd2310d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/about-virtual-hub-routing#labels",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure label-based propagation in Virtual WAN, otherwise connectivity between virtual hubs will be impaired.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/virtualWans",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualhubs' | extend addressSpace = properties.addressPrefix | extend compliant= (toint(substring(addressSpace, indexof(addressSpace, '/') + 1)) < 23) | distinct name, id, compliant",
            "guid": "9c75dfef-573c-461c-a698-68598595581a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-faq#what-is-the-recommended-hub-address-space-during-hub-creation",
            "service": "VWAN",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Assign at least a /23 prefix to virtual hubs to ensure enough IP space is available.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5c986cb2-9131-456a-8247-6e49f541acdc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Azure Policy strategically, define controls for your environment, using Policy Initiatives to group related policies.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "d8a2adb1-17d6-4326-af62-5ca44e5695f2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Map regulatory and compliance requirements to Azure Policy definitions and Azure role assignments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/governance-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "223ace8c-b123-408c-a501-7f154e3ab369",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Establish Azure Policy definitions at the intermediate root management group so that they can be assigned at inherited scopes.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "3829e7e3-1618-4368-9a04-77a209945bda",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Manage policy assignments at the highest appropriate level with exclusions at bottom levels, if required.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "43334f24-9116-4341-a2ba-527526944008",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/mcsb-asset-management#am-2-use-only-approved-services",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Azure Policy to control which services users can provision at the subscription/management group level.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "be7d7e48-4327-46d8-adc0-55bcf619e8a1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use built-in policies where possible to minimize operational overhead.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "description": "Assigning the Resource Policy Contributor role to specific scopes allows you to delegate policy management to relevant teams. For instance, a central IT team may oversee management group-level policies, while application teams handle policies for their subscriptions, enabling distributed governance with adherence to organizational standards.",
            "guid": "3f988795-25d6-4268-a6d7-0ba6c97be995",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview#azure-rbac-permissions-in-azure-policy",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Assign the built-in Resource Policy Contributor role at a particular scope to enable application-level governance.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "19048384-5c98-46cb-8913-156a12476e49",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit the number of Azure Policy assignments made at the root management group scope to avoid managing through exclusions at inherited scopes.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-policy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5a917e1f-348e-4f25-9c27-d42e8bbac757",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/industry/release-plan/2023wave2/cloud-sovereignty/enable-data-sovereignty-policy-baseline",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If any data sovereignty requirements exist, Azure Policies should be deployed to enforce them.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-your-cloud-data/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "78b22132-b41c-460b-a4d3-df8f73a67dc2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/sovereign-landing-zone",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, deploy sovereignty policy baseline and assign at correct management group level.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "caeea0e9-1024-41df-a52e-d99c3f22a6f4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/industry/sovereignty/policy-portfolio-baseline",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, document Sovereign Control objectives to policy mapping.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "9b461617-db7b-4399-8ac6-d4eb7153893a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/industry/sovereignty/policy-portfolio-baseline#sovereignty-baseline-policy-initiatives",
            "service": "Policy",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, ensure process is in place for management of 'Sovereign Control objectives to policy mapping'.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "67e7a8ed-4b30-4e38-a3f2-9812b2363cef",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/logs/workspace-design#azure-regions",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a single monitor logs workspace to manage platforms centrally except where Azure role-based access control (Azure RBAC), data sovereignty requirements, or data retention policies mandate separate workspaces.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7418ada9-4199-4c28-8286-d15e9433e8f3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Decide whether to use a single Azure Monitor Logs workspace for all regions or to create multiple workspaces to cover various geographical regions. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, including potential cross-region networking charges",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5e6c4cfd-3e50-4454-9c24-47ec66138a72",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/data-retention-archive?tabs=portal-1%2Cportal-2#how-retention-and-archiving-work",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Export logs to Azure Storage if your log retention requirements exceed twelve years. Use immutable storage with a write-once, read-many policy to make data non-erasable and non-modifiable for a user-specified interval.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-infrastructure-operations/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e7d7e484-3276-4d8b-bc05-5bcf619e8a13",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/machine-configuration/overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor OS level virtual machine (VM) configuration drift using Azure Policy. Enabling Azure Automanage Machine Configuration audit capabilities through policy helps application team workloads to immediately consume feature capabilities with little effort.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "f9887952-5d62-4688-9d70-ba6c97be9951",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/management-operational-compliance#update-management-considerations",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Update Manager as a patching mechanism for Windows and Linux VMs in Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/update-manager/overview?tabs=azure-vms",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "c806c048-26b7-4ddf-b4c2-b4f0c476925d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/management-operational-compliance#update-management-considerations ",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Update Manager as a patching mechanism for Windows and Linux VMs outside of Azure using Azure Arc.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/update-manager/overview?tabs=azure-vms",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/networkWatchers",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "90483845-c986-4cb2-a131-56a12476e49f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/network-watcher/network-watcher-monitoring-overview",
            "service": "Network Watcher",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Network Watcher to proactively monitor traffic flows.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/configure-network-watcher/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "6944008b-e7d7-4e48-9327-6d8bdc055bcf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-setup-guide/monitoring-reporting?tabs=AzureMonitor",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Monitor Logs for insights and reporting.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-monitor/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "97be9951-9048-4384-9c98-6cb2913156a1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/alerts/alerts-overview",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Monitor alerts for the generation of operational alerts.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/incident-response-with-alerting-on-azure/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "fed3c55f-a67e-4875-aadd-3aba3f9fde31",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/automation/how-to/region-mappings",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Change and Inventory Tracking via Azure Automation Accounts, ensure that you have selected supported regions for linking your Log Analytics workspace and automation accounts together.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-automation-devops/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "eba8cf22-45c6-4dc1-9b57-2cceb3b97ce5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-redundancy",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "When using Azure Backup, use the correct backup types (GRS, ZRS & LRS) for your backup, as the default setting is GRS.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-solution-for-backup-disaster-recovery/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "f541acdc-e979-4377-acdb-3751ab2ab13a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/concepts/guest-configuration",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure guest policies to automatically deploy software configurations through VM extensions and enforce a compliant baseline VM configuration.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "description": "Use Azure Policy's guest configuration features  to audit and remediate machine settings (e.g., OS, application, environment) to ensure resources align with expected configurations, and Update Management can enforce patch management for VMs.",
            "guid": "da6e55d7-d8a2-4adb-817d-6326af625ca4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/management-operational-compliance#monitoring-for-configuration-drift",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor VM security configuration drift via Azure Policy.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "2476e49f-541a-4cdc-b979-377bcdb3751a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/site-recovery-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Site Recovery for Azure-to-Azure Virtual Machines disaster recovery scenarios. This enables you to replicate workloads across regions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/protect-infrastructure-with-site-recovery/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "f625ca44-e569-45f2-823a-ce8cb12308ca",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-center-overview",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure-native backup capabilities, or an Azure-compatible, 3rd-party backup solution.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-solution-for-backup-disaster-recovery/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoorwebApplicationFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "89cc5e11-aa4d-4c3b-893d-feb99215266a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#add-diagnostic-settings-to-save-your-wafs-logs",
            "service": "WAF",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Add diagnostic settings to save WAF logs from application delivery services like Azure Front Door and Azure Application Gateway. Regularly review the logs to check for attacks and for false positive detections.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/capture-application-logs-app-service/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoorwebApplicationFirewalls",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "7f408960-c626-44cb-a018-347c8d790cdf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#send-logs-to-microsoft-sentinel",
            "service": "WAF",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send WAF logs from your application delivery services like Azure Front Door and Azure Application Gateway to Microsoft Sentinel. Detect attacks and integrate WAF telemetry into your overall Azure environment.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/sc-200-connect-logs-to-azure-sentinel/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "5017f154-e3ab-4369-9829-e7e316183687",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/overview",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault to store your secrets and credentials.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "ResourceContainers | where type=='microsoft.resources/subscriptions'| parse id with '/subscriptions/' SubscriptionID| project subscriptionId, SubscriptionName = name| join kind=leftouter (Resources| where type == 'microsoft.keyvault/vaults'| project id, name, subscriptionId) on subscriptionId| join kind= leftouter (Resources| where type == 'microsoft.keyvault/vaults'| summarize ResourceCount = count() by subscriptionId) on subscriptionId| extend RCount = iff(isnull(ResourceCount), 0, ResourceCount)| project-away ResourceCount| extend compliant = (RCount <> 1)",
            "guid": "a0477a20-9945-4bda-9333-4f2491163418",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/overview-throttling",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use different Azure Key Vaults for different applications, environments and regions to avoid transaction scale limits and restrict access to secrets.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "2ba52752-6944-4008-ae7d-7e4843276d8b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Provision Azure Key Vault with the soft delete and purge policies enabled to allow retention protection for deleted objects.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "dc055bcf-619e-48a1-9f98-879525d62688",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow a least privilege model by limiting authorization to permanently delete keys, secrets, and certificates to specialized custom Microsoft Entra ID roles.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "6d70ba6c-97be-4995-8904-83845c986cb2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Automate the certificate management and renewal process with public certificate authorities to ease administration.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "913156a1-2476-4e49-b541-acdce979377b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Establish an automated process for key and certificate rotation.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "cdb3751a-b2ab-413a-ba6e-55d7d8a2adb1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable firewall and virtual network service endpoint or private endpoint on the vault to control access to the key vault.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-private-access-to-azure-services/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "17d6326a-f625-4ca4-9e56-95f2223ace8c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/monitor-key-vault",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the platform-central Azure Monitor Log Analytics workspace to audit key, certificate, and secret usage within each instance of Key Vault.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/analyze-infrastructure-with-azure-monitor-logs/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b12308ca-5017-4f15-9e3a-b3693829e7e3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Delegate Key Vault instantiation and privileged access and use Azure Policy to enforce a consistent compliant configuration.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-key-vault-networking-settings/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "25d62688-6d70-4ba6-a97b-e99519048384",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you want to bring your own keys, this might not be supported across all considered services. Implement relevant mitigation so that inconsistencies don't hinder desired outcomes. Choose appropriate region pairs and disaster recovery regions that minimize latency.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "4ac6b67c-b3a4-4ff9-8e87-b07a7ce7bbdb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/industry/sovereignty/key-management",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, use Azure Key Vault managed HSM to store your secrets and credentials.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "4e5695f2-223a-4ce8-ab12-308ca5017f15",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/reports-monitoring/overview-reports",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID reporting capabilities to generate access control audit reports.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/monitor-report-aad-security-events/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "09945bda-4333-44f2-9911-634182ba5275",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/concept-cloud-security-posture-management",
            "service": "Defender",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Defender Cloud Security Posture Management for all subscriptions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/microsoft-defender-cloud-security-posture/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "36a72a48-fffe-4c40-9747-0ab5064355ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/plan-defender-for-servers-select-plan",
            "service": "Defender",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable a Defender Cloud Workload Protection Plan for Servers on all subscriptions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/understand-azure-defender-cloud-workload-protection/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "77425f48-ecba-43a0-aeac-a3ac733ccc6a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/connect-azure-subscription",
            "service": "Defender",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Defender Cloud Workload Protection Plans for Azure Resources on all subscriptions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/understand-azure-defender-cloud-workload-protection/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "24d96b30-61ee-4436-a1cc-d6ef08bc574b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/mem/configmgr/protect/deploy-use/endpoint-protection",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Endpoint Protection on IaaS Servers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-solutions-securing-server-client-endpoints/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "15833ee7-ad6c-46d3-9331-65c7acbe44ab",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor base operating system patching drift via Azure Monitor Logs and Defender for Cloud.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/create-log-analytics-workspace-microsoft-defender-cloud/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "e5f8d79f-2e87-4768-924c-516775c6ea95",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Connect default resource configurations to a centralized Azure Monitor Log Analytics workspace.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/analyze-infrastructure-with-azure-monitor-logs/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type == 'microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces'| extend wsid = properties.customerId| project workspaceResourceId = tolower(id), name, wsid| join (resources| where type == 'microsoft.operationsmanagement/solutions'| where name has 'SecurityInsights'| extend workspaceResourceId = tostring(tolower(properties.workspaceResourceId))| project workspaceResourceId | summarize ResourceCount = count() by workspaceResourceId) on workspaceResourceId| extend RCount = iff(isnull(ResourceCount), 0, ResourceCount)| project-away ResourceCount| extend compliant = (RCount <> 0)",
            "guid": "a56888b2-7e83-4404-bd31-b886528502d1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/well-architected/security/monitor-threats#centralized-threat-detection-with-correlated-logs",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Centralized threat detection with correlated logs -  consolidate security data in a central location where it can be correlated across various services via SIEM (security information and event management)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "1761e147-f65e-4d09-bbc2-f464f23e2eba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/industry/sovereignty/transparency-logs",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, enable transparancy logs on the Entra ID tenant.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "d21a922d-5ca7-427a-82a6-35f7b21f1bfc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/customer-lockbox-overview",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Sovereign Landing Zone, enable customer Lockbox on the Entra ID tenant.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "b03ed428-4617-4067-a787-85468b9ccf3f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-require-secure-transfer",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable secure transfer to storage accounts.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/secure-azure-storage-account/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "159aac9f-863f-4f48-82cf-00c28fa97a0e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/data-protection-overview#recommendations-for-basic-data-protection",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable container soft delete for the storage account to recover a deleted container and its contents.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Landing Zone Review",
            "guid": "108d5099-a11d-4445-bd8b-e12a5e95412e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/considerations/development-strategy-development-lifecycle#automated-builds",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Key Vault secrets to avoid hard-coding sensitive information such as credentials (virtual machines user passwords), certificates or keys.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/implement-azure-key-vault/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "a85b86ad-884f-48e3-9273-4b875ba18f10",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/system-message#define-additional-safety-and-behavioral-guardrails",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Follow Metaprompting guardrails for resonsible AI",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "d4391898-cd28-48be-b6b1-7cb8245451e1",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure-Samples/AI-Gateway",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider Gateway patterns with APIM  or solutions like AI central for better rate limiting, load balancing, authentication and logging",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "aed3453a-ec72-4392-97a1-52d6cc5e4029",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/fasttrack-for-azure/azure-openai-insights-monitoring-ai-with-confidence/ba-p/4026850",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable monitoring for your AOAI instances",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.insights/metricalerts' | extend compliant = (properties.targetResourceType =~ 'Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts') | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "697cb391-ed16-4b2d-886f-0a0241addde6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/monitoring#set-up-alerts",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Create alerts to notify teams of events such as an entry in the activity log created by an action performed on the resource, such as regenerating its subscription keys or a metric threshold such as the number of errors exceeding 10 in an hour",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "8a477cde-b486-41bc-9bc1-0ae66e25d4d5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/monitoring",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Monitor token usage to prevent service disruptions due to capacity",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "a3aec2c4-e243-46b0-936c-b45e17960eee",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/monitoring",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "observe metrics like processed inference tokens, generated completion tokens monitor for rate limit",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "fbdf4cc2-eec4-4d76-8c31-d25ffbb46a39",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/apps-on-azure-blog/build-an-enterprise-ready-azure-openai-solution-with-azure-api/ba-p/3907562",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable and configure Diagnostics for the Azure OpenAI Service. If not sufficient, consider using a gateway such as Azure API Managements in front of Azure OpenAI to log both incoming prompts and outgoing responses, where permitted",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "3af30ed3-2947-498b-8178-a2c5a46ceb54",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure-Samples/openai-enterprise-iac",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Infrastructure as code to deploy the Azure OpenAI Service, model deployments, and all related resources",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "4350d092-d234-4292-a752-8537a551c5bf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/managed-identity",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra Authentication with Managed Identity instead of API Key",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "4e4f1854-287d-45cd-a126-cc031af5b1fc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/machine-learning/prompt-flow/how-to-bulk-test-evaluate-flow?view=azureml-api-2",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Evaluate the performance/accuracy of the system with a known golden dataset which has the inputs and the correct answers. Leverage capabilities in PromptFlow for Evaluation.",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "68889535-e327-4897-b31b-67d67be5962a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/ai-ml/architecture/baseline-openai-e2e-chat#azure-openai---performance-efficiency",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Evaluate usage of Provisioned throughput model ",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "cd288bed-6b17-4cb8-8454-51e1aed3453a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/content-safety/overview",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Review and implement Azure AI content safety",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "1193846d-697c-4b39-8ed1-6b2d186f0a02",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/latency#system-level-throughput",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Define and evaluate the throughput of the system based on tokens & response per minute and align with requirements",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "41addde6-8a47-47cd-bb48-61bc3bc10ae6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/latency#improve-performance",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Improve latency of the system by limiting token sizes, streaming options for applications like chatbots or conversational interfaces. Streaming can enhance the perceived performance of Azure OpenAI applications by delivering responses to users in an incremental manner",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "6e25d4d5-a3ae-4c2c-9e24-36b0336cb45e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/latency#batching",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Estimate elasticity demands to determine synchronous and batch request segregation based on priority. For high priority, use synchronous approach and for low priority, asynchronous batch processing with queue is preferred",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "5bda4332-4f24-4811-9331-82ba51752694",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/azure-openai-benchmark/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Benchmark token consumption requirements based on estimated demands from consumers. Consider using the Azure OpenAI benchmarking tool to help you validate the throughput if you are using Provisioned Throughput Unit deployments",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "4008ae7d-7e47-4432-96d8-bdcf55bce619",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/fasttrack-for-azure/optimizing-azure-openai-a-guide-to-limits-quotas-and-best/ba-p/4076268",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you are using Provisioned Throughput Units (PTUs), consider deploying a token-per-minute (TPM) deployment for overflow requests. Use a gateway to route requests to the TPM deployment when the PTU limits are reached.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "e8a13f98-8794-424d-9267-86d60b96c97b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/models",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Choose the right model for the right task. Pick models with right tradeoff between speed, quality of response and output complexity",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "e9951904-8384-45c9-a6cb-2912156a1147",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/azure-openai-benchmark/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Have a baseline for performance without fine-tuning for knowing whether or not fine-tuning has improved model performance",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "5e39f541-accc-4d97-a376-bcdb3750ab2a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/ai-ml/architecture/baseline-openai-e2e-chat#azure-openai---reliability",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Deploy multiple OAI instances across regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "b039da6d-55d7-4c89-8adb-107d5325af62",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/ai-ml/architecture/baseline-openai-e2e-chat#azure-openai---reliability",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Implement retry & healthchecks with Gateway pattern like APIM",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "5ca44e46-85e2-4223-ace8-bb12308ca5f1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/quota?tabs=rest#introduction-to-quota",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure having adequate quotas of TPM & RPM for the workload",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "ec723923-7a15-42d6-ac5e-402925387e5c",
            "link": "https://www.microsoft.com/research/project/guidelines-for-human-ai-interaction/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review the considerations in HAI toolkit guidance and apply those interaction practices for the slution",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "7f154e3a-a369-4282-ae7e-316183687a04",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/business-continuity-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy separate fine tuned models across regions if finetuning is employed",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "77a1f893-5bda-4433-84f2-4811633182ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-overview",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Regularly backup and replicate critical data to ensure data availability and recoverability in case of data loss or system failures. Leverage Azure's backup and disaster recovery services to protect your data.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.search/searchservices' | extend compliant = (sku.name != 'free' and properties.replicaCount >= 3) | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "95b96ad8-844c-4e3b-8b38-b876ba2cf204",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Azure AI search service tiers should be choosen to have a SLA ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "99013a5d-3ce4-474d-acbd-8682a6abca2a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/purview",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Classify data and sensitivity, labeling with Microsoft Purview before generating the embeddings and make sure to treat the embeddings generated with same sensitivity and classification",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "4fda1dbf-3dd9-45d4-ac7c-891dca1f6d56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/use-your-data-securely",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Encrypt data used for RAG with SSE/Disk encryption with optional BYOK",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "59ae558b-937d-4498-9e11-12dbd7ba012f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-security-overview",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure TLS is enforced for data in transit across data sources, AI search used for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and LLM communication",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "7b94ef6e-047d-42ea-8992-b1cd6e2054b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/role-based-access-control",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use RBAC to manage access to Azure OpenAI services. Assign appropriate permissions to users and restrict access based on their roles and responsibilities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9769e4a6-91e8-4838-ac93-6667e13c0056",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/data-encryption-best-practices",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement data encryption,  masking or redaction techniques to hide sensitive data or replace it with obfuscated values in non-production environments or when sharing data for testing or troubleshooting purposes",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "74b1e945-b459-4837-be7a-d6c6d3b375a5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/ai-onboarding",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Utilize Azure Defender to detect and respond to security threats and set up monitoring and alerting mechanisms to identify suspicious activities or breaches. Leverage Azure Sentinel for advanced threat detection and response",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "c7acbe48-abe5-44cd-99f2-e87768468c55",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-storage-blog/managing-long-term-log-retention-or-any-business-data/ba-p/2494791",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Establish data retention and disposal policies to adhere to compliance regulations. Implement secure deletion methods for data that is no longer required and maintain an audit trail of data retention and disposal activities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "a9c27d9c-42bb-46bd-8c69-99a246f3389a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/content-safety/concepts/jailbreak-detection",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Implement Prompt shields and groundedness detection using Content Safety ",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "a775c6ee-95b9-46ad-a844-ce3b2b38b876",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/compliance/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure compliance with relevant data protection regulations, such as GDPR or HIPAA, by implementing privacy controls and obtaining necessary consents or permissions for data processing activities.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "ba2cf204-9901-43a5-b3ce-474dccbd8682",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Educate your employees about data security best practices, the importance of handling data securely, and potential risks associated with data breaches. Encourage them to follow data security protocols diligently.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "eae01e6e-842e-452f-9721-d928c1b1cd52",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Keep production data separate from development and testing data. Only use real sensitive data in production and utilize anonymized or synthetic data in development and test environments.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "1e54a29a-9de3-499c-bd7b-28dc93555620",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you have varying levels of data sensitivity, consider creating separate indexes for each level. For instance, you could have one index for general data and another for sensitive data, each governed by different access protocols",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "2bfe4564-b0d8-434a-948b-263e6dd60512",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Take segregation a step further by placing sensitive datasets in different instances of the service. Each instance can be controlled with its own specific set of RBAC policies",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "a36498f6-dbad-438e-ad53-cc7ce1d7aaab",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Recognize that embeddings and vectors generated from sensitive information are themselves sensitive. This data should be afforded the same protective measures as the source material",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "3571449a-b805-43d8-af89-dc7b33be2a1a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/role-based-access-control",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Apply RBAC to th data stores having embeddings and vectors and scope access based on role's access requirements",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts' or type == 'microsoft.search/searchservices' | project id, compliant = (properties.privateEndpointConnections != '[]' and properties.publicNetworkAccess !~ 'enabled')",
            "guid": "27f7b9e9-1be1-4f38-aef3-9812bd463cbb",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-architecture-blog/azure-openai-private-endpoints-connecting-across-vnet-s/ba-p/3913325",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure private endpoint for AI services to restrict service access within your network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "ac8ac199-ebb9-41a3-9d90-cae2cc881370",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce strict inbound and outbound traffic control with Azure Firewall and UDRs and limit the external integration points",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "6f7c0cba-fe51-4464-add4-57e927138b82",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Implement network segmentation and access controls to restrict access to the LLM application only to authorized users and systems and prevent lateral movement",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "7f42c78e-78cb-46a2-8ad1-90916e6a8d8f",
            "link": "https://www.microsoft.com/research/blog/llmlingua-innovating-llm-efficiency-with-prompt-compression/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use prompt compression tools like LLMLingua or gprtrim",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts' or type == 'microsoft.search/searchservices' | project id, compliant = (isnotnull(identity))",
            "guid": "1102cac6-eae0-41e6-b842-e52f4721d928",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/managed-identity",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that APIs and endpoints used by the LLM application are properly secured with authentication and authorization mechanisms, such as Managed identities,  API keys or OAuth, to prevent unauthorized access.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "c1b1cd52-1e54-4a29-a9de-399cfd7b28dc",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-architecture-blog/security-best-practices-for-genai-applications-openai-in-azure/ba-p/4027885",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce strong end user authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, to prevent unauthorized access to the LLM application and associated network resources",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "93555620-2bfe-4456-9b0d-834a348b263e",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement network monitoring tools to detect and analyze network traffic for any suspicious or malicious activities. Enable logging to capture network events and facilitate forensic analysis in case of security incidents",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "6dd60512-a364-498f-9dba-d38ead53cc7c",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Conduct security audits and penetration testing to identify and address any network security weaknesses or vulnerabilities in the LLM application's network infrastructure",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.cognitiveservices/accounts' or type == 'microsoft.search/searchservices' | project id, compliant = (tags != '{}')",
            "guid": "e1d7aaab-3571-4449-ab80-53d89f89dc7b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/tag-resources?tabs=json",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Azure AI Services are properly tagged for better management",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "77036e5e-6b4b-4ed3-b503-547c1347dc56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/resource-abbreviations",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Azure AI Service accounts follows organizational naming conventions",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "028a71ff-e1ce-415d-b3f0-d5e772d41e36",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/diagnostic-logging",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Diagnostic logs in Azure AI services resources should be enabled",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts' or type == 'microsoft.search/searchservices' | project id, compliant = (properties.disableLocalAuth == true)",
            "guid": "11cc57b4-a4b1-4410-b439-58a8c2289b3d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/authentication",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Key access (local authentication) is recommended to be disabled for security.  After disabling key based access, Microsoft Entra ID becomes the only access method, which allows maintaining minimum privilege principle and granular control. ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "6b57cfc6-5546-41e1-a3e3-453a3c863964",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Store and manage keys securely using Azure Key Vault. Avoid hard-coding or embedding sensitive keys within your LLM application's code and retrieve them securely from Azure Key Vault using managed identities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "8b652d6c-15f5-4129-9539-8e6ded227dd1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Regularly rotate and expire keys stored in Azure Key Vault to minimize the risk of unauthorized access.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "adfe27be-e297-401a-a352-baaab79b088d",
            "link": "https://github.com/openai/tiktoken",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use tiktoken to understand token sizes for token optimizations in conversational mode",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "42b06c21-d799-49a6-96f4-389a7f42c78e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security/develop/secure-dev-overview",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Follow secure coding practices to prevent common vulnerabilities such as injection attacks, cross-site scripting (XSS), or security misconfigurations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "78c06a73-a22a-4495-9e6a-8dc4a20e27c3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/devops/repos/security/github-advanced-security-dependency-scanning?view=azure-devops",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Setup a process to regularly update and patch the LLM libraries and other system components",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "e29711b1-352b-4eee-879b-588defc4972c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/legal/cognitive-services/openai/code-of-conduct",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Adhere to Azure OpenAI or other LLMs terms of use, policies and guidance and allowed use cases",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "d3cd21bf-7703-46e5-b6b4-bed3d503547c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs#base-series-and-codex-series-fine-tuned-models",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Understand difference in cost of base models and fine tuned models and token step sizes",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "1347dc56-028a-471f-be1c-e15dd3f0d5e7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/latency#batching",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Batch requests, where possible, to minimize the per-call overhead which can reduce overall costs. Ensure you optimize batch size",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "72d41e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410d43958a8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set up a cost tracking system that monitors model usage and use that information to help inform model choices and prompt sizes",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "166cd072-af9b-4141-a898-a535e737897e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/quota?tabs=rest#understanding-rate-limits",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set a maximum limit on the number of tokens per model response (max_tokens and the number of completions to generate). Optimize the size to ensure it is large enough for a valid response",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "3266b225-86f4-4a16-92bd-ddea8a487cde",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/vector-search-index-size?tabs=portal-vector-quota",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Plan and manage AI Search Vector storage",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "b4861bc3-bc14-4aeb-9e66-e8d9a3aec218",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/machine-learning/prompt-flow/how-to-end-to-end-llmops-with-prompt-flow?view=azureml-api-2",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure deployment of Azure OpenAI instances across your various environments, such as development, test, and production supporting lrarning & experimentation. Apply LLMOps practices to automate the lifecycle management of your GenAI applications",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "aa80932c-8ec9-4d1b-a770-26e5e6beba9e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/provisioned-throughput-onboarding#understanding-the-provisioned-throughput-purchase-model",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Evaluate usage of billing models - PAYG vs PTU. Start with PAYG and consider PTU when the usage is predictable in production since it offers dedicated memory and compute, reserved capacity, and consistent maximum latency for the specified model version",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "e6436b07-36db-455f-9796-03334bdf9cc2",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/ai-azure-ai-services-blog/how-to-control-azure-openai-models/ba-p/4146793",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Evaluate the quality of  prompts and applications when switching between model versions",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "3418db61-2712-4650-9bb4-7a393a080327",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/machine-learning/prompt-flow/concept-model-monitoring-generative-ai-evaluation-metrics?view=azureml-api-2",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Evaluate, monitor and refine your GenAI apps for features like groundedness, relevance, accuracy, coherence and fluency",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "294798b1-578b-4219-a46c-eb5443513592",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Evaluate your Azure AI Search results based on different search parameters",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "2744293b-b628-4537-a551-19b08e8f5854",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/fine-tuning-considerations",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Look at fine tuning models as way of increasing accuracy only when you have tried other basic approaches like prompt engineering and RAG with your data",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "287d9cec-166c-4d07-8af9-b141a898a535",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/advanced-prompt-engineering?pivots=programming-language-chat-completions",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use prompt engineering techniques to improve the accuracy of LLM responses",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "e737897e-71ca-47da-acfa-962a1594946d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/red-teaming",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Red team your GenAI applications",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "edb117e6-76aa-4f66-aca4-8e5a95f2223e",
            "link": "https://www.microsoft.com/haxtoolkit/guideline/encourage-granular-feedback/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Provide end users with scoring options for LLM responses and track these scores. ",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "d5f3547c-c346-4d81-9028-a71ffe1b9b5d",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/fasttrack-for-azure/optimizing-azure-openai-a-guide-to-limits-quotas-and-best/ba-p/4076268",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider Quota management practices. Use dynamic quota for certain use cases when your application can use extra capacity opportunistically or the application itself is driving the rate at which the Azure OpenAI API is called",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc410",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/aoai-apim/blob/main/README.md",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Load balancer solutions like APIM based gateway for balancing load and capacity across services and regions",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc411",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/fine-tuning?tabs=turbo%2Cpython-new&pivots=programming-language-studio#import-training-data-from-azure-blob-store",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow the guidance for fine-tuning with large data files and import the data from an Azure blob store. Large files, 100 MB or larger, can become unstable when uploaded through multipart forms because the requests are atomic and can't be retried or resumed",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc412",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/quota?tabs=rest",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Manage rate limits for your model deployments and monitor usage of tokens per minute (TPM) and requests per minute (RPM) for pay-as-you-go deployments",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc413",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/monitor-openai",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor provision-managed utilization if you're using the provisioned throughput payment model",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc414",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/content-filters",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Tune content filters to minimize false positives from overly aggressive filters",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc415",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/encrypt-data-at-rest",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use customer-managed keys for fine-tuned models and training data that's uploaded to Azure OpenAI",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.cognitiveservices/accounts' and kind =~ 'contentsafety' | project id, compliant = 1",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc416",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/content-safety/concepts/jailbreak-detection",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement jailbreak risk detection to safeguard your language model deployments against prompt injection attacks",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-31d4-41e3-911c-817bfafbc417",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/monitor-openai",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use security controls like throttling, service isolation and gateway pattern to prevent attacks that might exhaust model usage quotas",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "72d41e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410d43958a9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Develop your cost model, considering prompt sizes. Understanding prompt input and response sizes and how text translates into tokens helps you create a viable cost model",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "72d41e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410d43958a1",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/details/cognitive-services/openai-service/",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider model pricing and capabilities when you choose models. Start with less-costly models for less-complex tasks like text generation or completion tasks and for complex tasks like language translation or content understanding, consider using more advanced models. Optimize costs while still achieving the desired application performance",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "72d41e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410d43958a2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Maximize Azure OpenAI price breakpoints like fine-tuning and model breakpoints like image generation to your advantage. Fine-tuning is charged per hour, use as much time as you have available per hour to improve results without slipping into the next billing period. The cost for generating 100 images is the same as the cost for 1 image",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "72d41e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410d43958a3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Remove unused fine-tuned models when they're no longer being consumed to avoid incurring an ongoing hosting fee",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "7f42c78e-78cb-46a2-8ad1-90916e6a8d8g",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/manage-costs",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create concise prompts that provide enough context for the model to generate a useful response. Also ensure that you optimize the limit of the response length.",
            "waf": "Cost Optimization"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "b4861bc3-bc14-4aeb-9e66-e8d9a3aec219",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/create-account-bicep",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use infrastructure as code (IaC) to deploy Azure OpenAI, model deployments, and other infrastructure required for fine-tuning models",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Azure OpenAI Review",
            "guid": "2744293b-b628-4537-a551-19b08e8f5855",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/multitenant/service/openai",
            "service": "OpenAI",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using dedicated model deployments per consumer group to provide per-model usage isolation that can help prevent noisy neighbors between your consumer groups",
            "waf": "Operational Excellence"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "d7941d4a-7b6f-458f-8714-2f8f8c059ad4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-error-handling-policies",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement an error handling policy at the global level",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "0b0c0765-ff37-4369-90bd-3eb23ce71b08",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/set-edit-policies?tabs=form#use-base-element-to-set-policy-evaluation-order",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure all APIs policies include a <base/> element.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "a5c45b03-93b6-42fe-b16b-8fccb6a79902",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/policy-fragments",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Policy Fragments to avoid repeating same policies definitions across multiple APIs",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "c3818a95-6ff3-4474-88dc-e809b46dad6a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/monetization-support",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you are planning to monetize your APIs, review the 'monetization support' article for best practices",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "a7d0840a-c8c4-4e83-adec-5ca578eb4049",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-use-azure-monitor#resource-logs",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Diagnostics Settings to export logs to Azure Monitor",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "8691fa38-45ed-4299-a247-fecd98d35deb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-app-insights",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Application Insights for more detailed telemetry",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "55fd27bb-76ac-4a91-bc37-049e885be6b7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-use-azure-monitor",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure alerts on the most critical metrics",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "39460bdb-156f-4dc2-a87f-1e8c11ab0998",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#certificate-management-in-azure-key-vault",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that custom SSL certificates are stored an Azure Key Vault so they can be securely accessed and updated",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "e9217997-5f6c-479d-8576-8f2adf706ec8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#azure-ad-authentication-required-for-data-plane-access",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Protect incoming requests to APIs (data plane) with Azure AD",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "5e5f64ba-c90e-480e-8888-398d96cf0bfb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-aad",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID to authenticate users in the Developer Portal",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "f8e574ce-280f-49c8-b2ef-68279b081cf3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-create-groups",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create appropriate groups to control the visibility of the products",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "06862505-2d9a-4874-9491-2837b00a3475",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/backends",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Backends feature to eliminate redundant API backend configurations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "03b125d5-b69b-4739-b7fd-84b86da4933e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-properties?tabs=azure-portal",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Named Values to store common values that can be used in policies",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = ( sku.name == 'Premium' and  isnotnull(properties.additionalLocations)) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "beae759e-4ddb-4326-bf26-47f87d3454b6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-deploy-multi-region",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For DR, leverage the premium tier with deployments scaled across two or more regions for 99.99% SLA",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = ( sku.name == 'Premium' and  isnotnull(zones) and sku.capacity >= 2 ) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "9c8d1664-dd9a-49d4-bd83-950af0af4044",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/high-availability",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy at least one unit in two or more availability zones for an increased SLA of 99.99%",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "8d2db6e8-85c6-4118-a52c-ae76a4f27934",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#service-native-backup-capability",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure there is an automated backup routine",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "43e60b94-7bca-43a2-aadf-efb04d63a485",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/retry-policy",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Policies to add a fail-over backend URL and caching to reduce failing calls.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "8210699f-8d43-45c2-8f19-57e54134bd8f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-log-event-hubs",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If you need to log at high performance levels, consider Event Hubs policy",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "121bfc39-fa7b-4096-b93b-ab56c1bc0bed",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-sample-flexible-throttling",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Apply throttling policies to control the number of requests per second",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/protect-apis-on-api-management/",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | join kind = leftouter (resources | where type == 'microsoft.insights/autoscalesettings' | extend targetResourceUri = tostring(properties.targetResourceUri)) on $left.id == $right.targetResourceUri | extend compliant = (sku.name == 'Premium' and isnotempty(targetResourceUri) and properties1.enabled == true) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "bb5f356b-3daf-47a2-a9ee-867a8100bbd5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-autoscale",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure autoscaling to scale out the number of instances when the load increases",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "84b94abb-59b6-4b9d-8587-3413669468e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-provision-self-hosted-gateway",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy self-hosted gateways where Azure doesn't have a region close to the backend APIs.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "1fe8db45-a017-4888-8c4d-4422583cfae0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/upgrade-and-scale#upgrade-and-scale",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the premium tier for production workloads.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "1b8d68a4-66cd-44d5-ba94-3ee94440e8d6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-deploy-multi-region#-route-api-calls-to-regional-backend-services",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "In multi-region model, use Policies to route the requests to regional backends based on availability or latency.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "46f07d33-ef9a-44e8-8f98-67c097c5d8cd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits#api-management-limits",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Be aware of APIM's limits",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = (properties.platformVersion != 'stv1') | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "46f07d33-ef9a-44e8-8f98-67c097c5d8ce",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/migrate-stv1-to-stv2",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Upgrade the platform version and follow lifecyle. stv1 is retirng on 31 August 2024",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "10f58602-f0f9-4d77-972a-956f6e0f2600",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/self-hosted-gateway-overview",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that the self-hosted gateway deployments are resilient.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "7519e385-a88b-4d34-966b-6269d686e890",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/front-door-api-management",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Front Door in front of APIM for multi-region deployment",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.virtualNetworkConfiguration)) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "cd45c90e-7690-4753-930b-bf290c69c074",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#virtual-network-integration",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy the service within a Virtual Network (VNet)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "02661582-b3d1-48d1-9d7b-c6a918a0ca33",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#network-security-group-support",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy network security groups (NSG) to your subnets to restrict or monitor traffic to/from APIM.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = (properties.virtualNetworkType == 'None' and isnotnull(properties.privateEndpointConnections)) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "67437a28-2721-4a2c-becd-caa54c8237a5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#azure-private-link",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy Private Endpoints to filter incoming traffic when APIM is not deployed to a VNet.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = (properties.virtualNetworkType == 'Internal') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "d698adbd-3288-44cb-b10a-9b572da395ae",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#disable-public-network-access",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable Public Network Access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "0674d750-0c6f-4ac0-8717-ceec04d0bdbd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/automation-manage-api-management",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Simplify management with PowerShell automation scripts",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "c385bfcd-49fd-4786-81ba-cedbb4c57345",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/app-platform/api-management/platform-automation-and-devops#design-recommendations",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure APIM via Infrastructure-as-code. Review DevOps best practices from the Cloud Adaption Framework APIM Landing Zone Accelerator",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "6c3a27c0-197f-426c-9ffa-86fed51d9ab6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/visual-studio-code-tutorial",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Promote usage of Visual Studio Code APIM extension for faster API development",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "354f1c03-8112-4965-85ad-c0074bddf231",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/devops-api-development-templates",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement DevOps and CI/CD in your workflow",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "b6439493-426a-45f3-9697-cf65baee208d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-mutual-certificates-for-clients",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Secure APIs using client certificate authentication",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "2a67d143-1033-4c0a-8732-680896478f08",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-mutual-certificates",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Secure backend services using client certificate authentication",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "074435f5-4a46-41ac-b521-d6114cb5d845",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/mitigate-owasp-api-threats",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review 'Recommendations to mitigate OWASP API Security Top 10 threats' article and check what is applicable to your APIs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "5507c4b8-a7f8-41d6-9661-418c987100c9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/authorizations-overview",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Authorizations feature to simplify management of OAuth 2.0 token for your backend APIs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "2deee033-b906-4bc2-9f26-c8d3699fe091",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-manage-protocols-ciphers",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use the latest TLS version when encrypting information in transit. Disable outdated and unnecessary protocols and ciphers when possible.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "f8af3d94-1d2b-4070-846f-849197524258",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#im-8-restrict-the-exposure-of-credential-and-secrets",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that secrets (Named values) are stored an Azure Key Vault so they can be securely accessed and updated",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.apimanagement/service' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(identity)) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "791abd8b-7706-4e31-9569-afefde724be3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#managed-identities",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed identities to authenticate to other Azure resources whenever possible",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ApiManagement/service",
            "checklist": "Azure API Management Review",
            "guid": "220c4ca6-6688-476b-b2b5-425a78e6fb87",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/api-management-security-baseline?toc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2F&bc=%2Fazure%2Fapi-management%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json#ns-6-deploy-web-application-firewall",
            "service": "APIM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use web application firewall (WAF) by deploying Application Gateway in front of APIM",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Leverage zone-redundancy to ensure high availability in the event of zone-level failures. Use Premium V2/V3 or Isolated v2 tiers, which provide support for zone-redundant deployments and ensure minimal downtime during disasters.",
            "guid": "b32e1aa1-4813-4602-88fe-27ca2891f421",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/app-service-web-app/zone-redundant?source=recommendations",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement a baseline highly available zone-redundant web application architecture. Ensure your Azure App Service is on Premium V2/V3 or Isolated v2 tiers for zone-redundant support.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Leverage staging slots for zero-downtime deployments and automated backups to ensure disaster recovery. Choose the appropriate tier (Standard or Premium) based on the number of slots and disaster recovery requirements.",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.web/serverfarms' | extend compliant = (sku.tier == 'Premium' or sku.tier == 'Standard') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "e4b31c6a-2e3f-4df1-8e8b-9c3aa5a27820",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-hosting-plans",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Premium and Standard tiers for staging slots and automated backups. Align your backup retention period with disaster recovery needs.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Availability Zones provide physical isolation across datacenters in a region, reducing downtime during outages. Verify your region supports Availability Zones and use Premium V2/V3 tiers for zone-redundant deployments.",
            "guid": "a7e2e6c2-491f-4fa4-a82b-521d0bc3b202",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/migrate-app-service",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones where regionally applicable (Premium V2/V3 tier required). Check region support for Availability Zones.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Enable health checks to detect unhealthy instances in real-time and automatically replace them to maintain high availability and application reliability.",
            "graph": "appserviceresources  | where type =~ 'microsoft.web/sites/config' | extend compliant = (properties.HealthCheckPath != '') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "1275e4a9-7b6a-43c3-a9cd-5ee18d8995ad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/monitor-instances-health-check",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement health checks to monitor and detect issues with App Service instances. Health checks enable automatic instance replacement on failure.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Follow best practices for configuring backups and restores in Azure App Service and ASE to guarantee data availability and ensure recovery during disaster scenarios.",
            "guid": "35a91c5d-4ad6-4d9b-8e0f-c47db9e6d1e7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/manage-backup",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Refer to backup and restore best practices for Azure App Service and App Service Environments (ASE) to ensure data availability and recovery.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Ensure high availability by incorporating scaling, fault tolerance, monitoring, and zone redundancy into your App Service architecture. Leverage health checks and availability zones to maintain uptime.",
            "guid": "e68cd0ec-afc6-4bd8-a27f-7860ad9a0db2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/framework/services/compute/azure-app-service/reliability",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Implement Azure App Service reliability best practices, including auto-scaling, fault tolerance, health checks, and zone redundancy.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Prepare for disaster recovery by implementing region failover strategies. Utilize active-active and active-passive configurations, automated failover, and Infrastructure as Code (IaC) for seamless failover during outages.",
            "guid": "bd2a865c-0835-4418-bb58-4df91a5a9b3f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/manage-disaster-recovery#recover-app-content-only",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Familiarize with App Service region failover, including active-active and active-passive configurations, automated failover, and IaC deployment.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Azure App Service offers built-in reliability features, including scaling, fault tolerance, and service-level agreements (SLAs). Leverage these features to maintain consistent performance during outages.",
            "guid": "f3d2f1e4-e6d4-4b7a-a5a5-e2a9b2c6f293",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-app-service",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Familiarize with reliability support in Azure App Service, including scaling options, SLAs, and automated recovery mechanisms.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Enabling 'Always On' for Function Apps ensures that the app does not go idle, maintaining its availability and responsiveness at all times.",
            "guid": "c7b5f3d1-0569-4fd2-9f32-c0b64e9c0c5e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-functions/dedicated-plan#always-on",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure 'Always On' is enabled for Function Apps running on App Service plans to prevent idling and ensure continuous availability.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Health checks monitor the health of App Service instances, enabling automatic replacement of unhealthy instances to maintain high availability.",
            "guid": "a3b4d5f6-758c-4f9d-9e1a-d7c6b7e8f9ab",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/monitor-instances-health-check",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor App Service instances using Health checks to detect unhealthy instances and automatically replace them.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "guid": "c7d3e5f9-a19c-4833-8ca6-1dcb0128e129",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/app/availability-overview",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor availability and responsiveness of web app or website using Application Insights availability tests, ensuring proactive detection of performance issues and downtime.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "guid": "b4e3f2d5-a5c6-4d7e-8b2f-c5d9e7a8f0ea",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/app/availability-standard-tests",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Application Insights Standard test to monitor availability and responsiveness of web app or website",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Azure Key Vault ensures secrets are encrypted, securely stored, and accessed only by authorized applications. It supports audit logging, and secret versioning, and reduces the risk of accidental exposure of sensitive information.",
            "guid": "834ac932-223e-4ce8-8b12-3071a5416415",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/app-service-key-vault-references",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault to store any secrets the application needs. Key Vault provides a secure, managed, and audited environment for storing secrets, and integrates seamlessly with App Service via App Service Key Vault References for enhanced security.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Managed Identity eliminates the need for hard-coded credentials by allowing App Service to authenticate to Azure Key Vault securely. This reduces the risk of credential exposure and simplifies secret management for enhanced security.",
            "guid": "833ea3ad-2c2d-4e73-8165-c3acbef4abe1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/app-service-key-vault-references",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Managed Identity to securely connect to Azure Key Vault for accessing secrets, through App Service Key Vault References.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Storing TLS certificates in Azure Key Vault enhances security by providing centralized, secure management and automated renewal of certificates. This reduces the risk of manual handling errors and certificate expiration.",
            "guid": "f8d39fda-4776-4831-9c11-5775c2ea55b4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-ssl-certificate",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault to securely store and manage TLS certificates for App Service.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "To minimize exposure and improve security, isolate systems processing sensitive data. Leverage separate App Service Plans or App Service Environments for isolation, and use different subscriptions or management groups to enforce stricter boundaries and governance.",
            "guid": "6ad48408-ee72-4734-a475-ba18fdbf590c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-hosting-plans",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Isolate systems that process sensitive information using separate App Service Plans, App Service Environments (ASE), and consider different subscriptions or management groups for enhanced security.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Local disks on App Service are not encrypted and sensitive data should not be stored on those.  (For example: D:\\\\Local and %TMP%).",
            "guid": "e65de8e0-3f9b-4cbd-9682-66abca264f9a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/operating-system-functionality#file-access",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not store sensitive data on local disk",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Use Microsoft Entra ID or B2C for secure user authentication and Single Sign-On (SSO) across applications. Integrate using the built-in App Service Authentication/Authorization feature for streamlined security and compliance with modern authentication protocols like OpenID Connect.",
            "guid": "919ca0b2-c121-459e-814b-933df574eccc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-authentication-authorization",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID or B2C for secure authentication and Single Sign-On (SSO).",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Ensure all code deployments to App Service originate from a controlled, secured environment, such as a well-managed DevOps pipeline. This practice mitigates the risk of deploying unauthorized or malicious code by enforcing version control, code verification, and secure hosting.",
            "guid": "3f9bcbd4-6826-46ab-aa26-4f9a19aed9c5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/deploy-best-practices",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy code to App Service from a trusted and secure environment.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Disable basic authentication for FTP/FTPS and WebDeploy/SCM to enhance security by enforcing Microsoft Entra ID secured endpoints for deployment. This ensures that only authenticated users using Microsoft Entra ID credentials can access deployment services, including the SCM site.",
            "guid": "5d04c2c3-919c-4a0b-8c12-159e114b933d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/deploy-configure-credentials#disable-basic-authentication",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable basic authentication for FTP/FTPS and WebDeploy/SCM.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Wherever possible, use Managed Identity to securely connect to Microsoft Entra ID-secured resources without storing credentials. If this is not feasible, store secrets in Azure Key Vault and access them using Managed Identity to maintain security and reduce the risk of credential exposure.",
            "guid": "f574eccc-d9bd-43ba-bcda-3b54eb2eb03d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-managed-identity?tabs=portal%2Chttp",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Managed Identity to connect to Microsoft Entra ID secured resources.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "When using images stored in Azure Container Registry, pull these images using a Managed Identity to avoid storing credentials. This ensures secure access to container images and reduces the risk of credential exposure.",
            "guid": "d9a25827-18d2-4ddb-8072-5769ee6691a4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-custom-container#use-managed-identity-to-pull-image-from-azure-container-registry",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Pull container images from Azure Container Registry using a Managed Identity.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Configure diagnostic settings to send telemetry and security logs (including HTTP, platform, and audit logs) to Log Analytics. Centralized logging enhances monitoring, threat detection, and compliance reporting.",
            "guid": "47768314-c115-4775-a2ea-55b46ad48408",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/troubleshoot-diagnostic-logs",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send App Service runtime and security logs to Log Analytics for centralized monitoring and alerting.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Set up a diagnostic setting to send the activity log to Log Analytics as the central destination for logging and monitoring. This allows you to monitor control plane activity on the App Service resource itself.",
            "guid": "ee72734b-475b-4a18-bdbf-590ce65de8e0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/essentials/activity-log",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send App Service activity logs to Log Analytics",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Use regional VNet integration, Network Security Groups (NSGs), and User-Defined Routes (UDRs) to control outbound network access. Route traffic through a Network Virtual Appliance (NVA), such as Azure Firewall, and monitor firewall logs to ensure traffic is properly controlled and secure.",
            "guid": "c12159e1-14b9-433d-b574-ecccd9bd3baf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-vnet-integration",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Control outbound network access for App Service using VNet integration, NSGs, UDRs, and firewalls.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Provide a stable outbound IP by using VNet integration with a NAT Gateway or Network Virtual Appliance (NVA) like Azure Firewall. This enables the receiving party to allow-list based on IP, if necessary. For communications with Azure services, use mechanisms like Service Endpoints or private endpoints to avoid relying on static IPs, ensuring secure and efficient connectivity.",
            "guid": "cda3b54e-b2eb-403d-b9a2-582718d2ddb1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/networking/nat-gateway-integration",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Ensure a stable IP for outbound communications by using VNet NAT Gateway or Azure Firewall.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Control inbound network access by configuring App Service Access Restrictions, Service Endpoints, or Private Endpoints. Ensure appropriate restrictions are set for both the web app and the SCM (deployment) site to limit unauthorized access and enhance security.",
            "guid": "0725769e-e669-41a4-a34a-c932223ece80",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/networking-features#access-restrictions",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Control inbound network access using Access Restrictions, Service Endpoints, or Private Endpoints.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Protect App Service from malicious inbound traffic by deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) using Azure Application Gateway or Azure Front Door. Ensure WAF logs are monitored regularly to detect and respond to security threats.",
            "guid": "b123071a-5416-4415-a33e-a3ad2c2de732",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/networking/app-gateway-with-service-endpoints",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) in front of App Service.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "To prevent the Web Application Firewall (WAF) from being bypassed, lock down access to App Service by using Access Restrictions, Service Endpoints, and Private Endpoints. This ensures that all traffic is routed through the WAF, providing a secure front layer of protection.",
            "guid": "165c3acb-ef4a-4be1-b8d3-9fda47768314",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/networking-features#access-restrictions",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure the WAF cannot be bypassed by securing access to App Service.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Ensure that the minimum TLS policy is set to 1.2 or higher, with a preference for TLS 1.3, to enhance security through stronger encryption protocols. TLS 1.3 provides additional security improvements and faster handshake times, reducing vulnerabilities associated with older versions.",
            "graph": "appserviceresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.web/sites/config' | extend compliant = (properties.MinTlsVersion>=1.2) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "c115775c-2ea5-45b4-9ad4-8408ee72734b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-ssl-bindings#enforce-tls-versions",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set minimum TLS policy to 1.2 or higher, preferably 1.3, in App Service configuration.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Configure App Service to enforce HTTPS-only, automatically redirecting all HTTP traffic to HTTPS. Additionally, implement HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) in your code or via a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to ensure browsers only access the site over HTTPS, enhancing security by preventing downgrade attacks.",
            "graph": "where (type=='microsoft.web/sites' and (kind == 'app' or kind == 'app,linux' )) | extend compliant = (properties.httpsOnly==true) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "475ba18f-dbf5-490c-b65d-e8e03f9bcbd4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-ssl-bindings#enforce-https",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use HTTPS only and consider enabling HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS).",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Do not use wildcards (*) in your CORS configuration, as this permits unrestricted access from any origin, compromising security. Instead, explicitly specify trusted origins that are allowed to access the service, ensuring controlled access.",
            "guid": "68266abc-a264-4f9a-89ae-d9c55d04c2c3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/app-service-web-tutorial-rest-api",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid using wildcards for CORS; specify allowed origins explicitly.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Remote debugging should not be enabled in production as it opens additional ports, increasing the attack surface. Although App Service automatically turns off remote debugging after 48 hours, it is recommended to disable it manually in production to maintain a secure environment.",
            "graph": "appserviceresources | where type =~ 'microsoft.web/sites/config' | extend compliant = (properties.RemoteDebuggingEnabled == false) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "d9bd3baf-cda3-4b54-bb2e-b03dd9a25827",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-common#configure-general-settings",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Turn off remote debugging in production environments.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Enable Defender for App Service.  This (amongst other threats) detects communications to known malicious IP addresses.  Review the recommendations from Defender for App Service as part of your operations.",
            "guid": "18d2ddb1-0725-4769-be66-91a4834ac932",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/defender-for-app-service-introduction",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Defender for Cloud - Defender for App Service",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Azure provides DDoS Basic protection on its network, which can be improved with intelligent DDoS Standard capabilities which learns about normal traffic patterns and can detect unusual behavior. DDoS Standard applies to a Virtual Network so it must be configured for the network resource in front of the app, such as Application Gateway or an NVA.",
            "guid": "223ece80-b123-4071-a541-6415833ea3ad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-overview",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable DDOS Protection Standard on the WAF VNet",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "When using images stored in Azure Container Registry, ensure they are pulled over a virtual network by using a private endpoint and configuring the app setting 'WEBSITE_PULL_IMAGE_OVER_VNET'. This ensures secure communication between App Service and the registry, preventing exposure to the public internet.",
            "guid": "2c2de732-165c-43ac-aef4-abe1f8d39fda",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/configure-custom-container#use-an-image-from-a-network-protected-registry",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Pull container images over a Virtual Network from Azure Container Registry.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Perform a penetration test on the web application in accordance with Azure's penetration testing rules of engagement. This helps identify vulnerabilities and security weaknesses that can be addressed before they are exploited.",
            "guid": "eb2eb03d-d9a2-4582-918d-2ddb10725769",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/pen-testing",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Conduct a penetration test on the web application.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Ensure that only trusted code, which has been validated and scanned for vulnerabilities, is deployed to production following DevSecOps practices. This minimizes the risk of introducing security vulnerabilities into the application environment.",
            "guid": "19aed9c5-5d04-4c2c-9919-ca0b2c12159e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/solution-ideas/articles/devsecops-in-azure",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy validated and vulnerability-scanned code.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Ensure that the latest versions of supported platforms, programming languages, protocols, and frameworks are used. Regular updates mitigate the risk of security vulnerabilities and ensure compatibility with security patches.",
            "guid": "114b933d-f574-4ecc-ad9b-d3bafcda3b54",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-patch-os-runtime",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use up-to-date platforms, languages, protocols and frameworks",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Leverage Auto-Healing in Azure App Service to automatically restart instances or trigger custom actions based on pre-defined failure conditions like memory thresholds, HTTP errors, or specific event logs.",
            "guid": "60b3a935-33e5-45c9-87c7-53882e395b46",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/overview-diagnostics",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Auto-Healing with custom rules to restart App Service instances automatically when failures occur.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Configure Azure Monitor alerts based on Application Insights metrics for response times, failure rates, and overall availability. Alerts help detect issues proactively and reduce mean-time-to-recovery (MTTR).",
            "guid": "e52e4514-02a7-4e81-a98e-88ce1b18e557",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/app/alerts",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set up alerts for critical Application Insights metrics, such as response time and failure rates.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Use Azure Policy to enforce security, compliance, and governance configurations for App Service. Policies can ensure that critical settings such as TLS versions, backup configurations, and network restrictions are enforced across all App Service instances.",
            "guid": "361e886f-ca40-4ead-a8e9-1379c642ae9c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Apply Azure Policy to enforce compliance across App Service configurations.",
            "waf": "Governance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "Leverage Azure Cost Management to track and forecast App Service expenses. Set up alerts for budget thresholds to avoid overspending, and optimize costs based on resource utilization trends.",
            "guid": "42eb48f0-28ff-497c-b2c0-a8fa1f989832",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Monitor App Service costs using Azure Cost Management and create cost alerts.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure App Service Review",
            "description": "If you have predictable and steady usage of App Service, purchasing Reserved Instances can significantly reduce long-term costs. Commit to one or three years for lower pricing compared to pay-as-you-go.",
            "guid": "e489221b-487e-48a3-aaab-48e3d205ca12",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/reservations/",
            "service": "App Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Purchase reserved instances for App Service plans to optimize long-term costs.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "32e42e36-11c8-418b-8a0b-c510e43a18a9",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure ADDS domain controller(s) are deployed in the identity subscription in native Azure",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "75089c20-990d-4927-b105-885576f76fc2",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure ADDS sites and services is configured to keep authentication requests from Azure-based resources (including Azure VMware Solution) local to Azure",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "de3aad1e-7c28-4ec9-9666-b7570449aa80",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that vCenter is connected to ADDS to enable authentication based on 'named user accounts'",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "cd289ced-6b17-4db8-8554-61e2aee3553a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that the connection from vCenter to ADDS is using a secure protocol (LDAPS)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "b9d37dac-43bc-46cd-8d79-a9b24604489a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "CloudAdmin account in vCenter IdP is used only as an emergency account (break-glass)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "53d88e89-d17b-473b-82a5-a67e7a9ed5b3",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that NSX-Manager is integrated with an external Identity provider (LDAPS)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "ae0e37ce-e297-411b-b352-caaab79b198d",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Has an RBAC model been created for use within VMware vSphere",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "ab81932c-9fc9-4d1b-a780-36f5e6bfbb9e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "RBAC permissions should be granted on ADDS groups and not on specific users",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d503547c-c447-4e82-9128-a71f0f1cac6d",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "RBAC permissions on the Azure VMware Solution resource in Azure are 'locked down' to a limited set of owners only",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "fd9f0df4-68dc-4976-b9a9-e6a79f7682c5",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure all custom roles are scoped with CloudAdmin permitted authorizations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "9ef1d5e8-32e4-42e3-911c-818b0a0bc510",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/AzureCAT-AVS/tree/main/networking",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Is the correct Azure VMware Solution connectivity model selected for the customer use case at hand",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "eb710a37-cbc1-4055-8dd5-a936a8bb7cf5",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure ExpressRoute or VPN connections from on-premises to Azure are monitored using 'connection monitor'",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "976e24f2-a7f8-426c-9253-2a92a2a7ed99",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure a connection monitor is created from an Azure native resource to an Azure VMware Solution virtual machine to monitor the Azure VMware Solution back-end ExpressRoute connection",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "f41ce6a0-64f3-4805-bc65-3ab50df01265",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure a connection monitor is created from an on-premises resource to an Azure VMware Solution virtual machine to monitor end-2-end connectivity",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "563b4dc7-4a74-48b6-933a-d1a0916a6649",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When route server is used, ensure no more then 1000 routes are propagated from route server to ExR gateway to on-premises (ARS limit).",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "6128a71f-0f1c-4ac6-b9ef-1d5e832e42e3",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Is Privileged Identity Management implemented for roles managing the Azure VMware Solution resource in the Azure Portal (no standing permissions allowed)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "c4e2436b-b336-4d71-9f17-960eee0b9b5c",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Privileged Identity Management audit reporting should be implemented for the Azure VMware Solution PIM roles",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "78c447a8-26b2-4863-af0f-1cac599ef1d5",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using Privileged Identity Management is being used, ensure that a valid Entra ID enabled account is created with a valid SMTP record for Azure VMware Solution Automatic Host replacement notifications. (standing permissions required)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "8defc4d7-21d3-41d2-90fb-707ae9eab40e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Limit use of CloudAdmin account to emergency access only",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d329f798-bc17-48bd-a5a0-6ca7144351d1",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create custom RBAC roles in vCenter to implement a least-privilege model inside vCenter",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "9dd24429-eb72-4281-97a1-51c5bb4e4f18",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Is a process defined to regularly rotate cloudadmin (vCenter) and admin (NSX) credentials",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "586cb291-ec16-4a1d-876e-f9f141acdce5",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use a centralized identity provider to be used for workloads (VM's) running on Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "79377bcd-b375-41ab-8ab0-ead66e15d3d4",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Is East-West traffic filtering implemented within NSX-T",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "a2adb1c3-d232-46af-825c-a44e1695fddd",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Workloads on Azure VMware Solution are not directly exposed to the internet. Traffic is filtered and inspected by Azure Application Gateway, Azure Firewall or 3rd party solutions",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "eace4cb1-deb4-4c65-8c3f-c14eeab36938",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Auditing and logging is implemented for inbound internet requests to Azure VMware Solution and Azure VMware Solution based workloads",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "29e3eec2-1836-487a-8077-a2b5945bda43",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Session monitoring is implemented for outbound internet connections from Azure VMware Solution or Azure VMware Solution based workloads to identify suspicious/malicious activity",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworkGateways'| mv-expand ipConfigurations=properties.ipConfigurations| project subnetId=tostring(ipConfigurations.properties.subnet.id)| where isnotempty(subnetId)| join (resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection=tostring(properties.enableDdosProtection),subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | project id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection,subnetId=tostring(subnets.id)) on subnetId | distinct id,resourceGroup,name,enableDdosProtection | project id, compliant = (enableDdosProtection == 'true')",
            "guid": "334fdf91-c234-4182-a652-75269440b4be",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Is DDoS standard protection enabled on ExR/VPN Gateway subnet in Azure",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "3d3e0843-276d-44bd-a015-bcf219e4a1eb",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a dedicated privileged access workstation (PAW) to manage Azure VMware Solution, vCenter, NSX manager and HCX manager",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "9ccbd869-266a-4cca-874f-aa19bf39d95d",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Advanced Threat Detection (Microsoft Defender for Cloud aka ASC) for workloads running on Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "44c7c891-9ca1-4f6d-9315-ae524ba34d45",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure ARC for Servers to properly govern workloads running on Azure VMware Solution using Azure native technologies (Azure ARC for Azure VMware Solution is not yet available)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "85e12139-bd7b-4b01-8f7b-95ef6e043e2a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Ensure workloads on Azure VMware Solution use sufficient data encryption during run-time (like in-guest disk encryption and SQL TDE). (vSAN encryption at rest is default)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "a3592718-e6e2-4051-9267-6ae46691e883",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "When in-guest encryption is used, store encryption keys in Azure Key vault when possible",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "5ac94222-3e13-4810-9230-81a941741583",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using extended security update support for workloads running on Azure VMware Solution (Azure VMware Solution is eligible for ESU)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "3ef7ad7c-6d37-4331-95c7-acbe44bbe609",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that the appropriate vSAN Data redundancy method is used (RAID specification)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d88408f3-7273-44c8-96ba-280214590146",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that the Failure-to-tolerate policy is in place to meet your vSAN storage needs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d89f2e87-7784-424d-9167-85c6fa95b96a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure that you have requested enough quota, ensuring you have considered growth and Disaster Recovery requirement",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "5d38e53f-9ccb-4d86-a266-acca274faa19",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that access constraints to ESXi are understood, there are access limits which might affect 3rd party solutions.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bf39d95d-44c7-4c89-89ca-1f6d5315ae52",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that you have a policy around ESXi host density and efficiency, keeping in mind the lead time for requesting new nodes",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "4ba34d45-85e1-4213-abd7-bb012f7b95ef",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure a good cost management process is in place for Azure VMware Solution - Azure Cost Management can be used",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "6e043e2a-a359-4271-ae6e-205172676ae4",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Are Azure reserved instances used to optimize cost for using Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "6691e883-5ac9-4422-83e1-3810523081a9",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider the use of Azure Private-Link when using other Azure Native Services",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "db611712-6904-40b4-aa3d-3e0803276d4b",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure all required resource reside within the same Azure availability zone(s)",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "48b262d6-cc5f-4512-a253-98e6db9d37da",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Microsoft Defender for Cloud for Azure VMware Solution guest VM workloads",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "41741583-3ef7-4ad7-a6d3-733165c7acbe",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Arc enabled servers to manage your Azure VMware Solution guest VM workloads",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "88f03a4d-2cd4-463c-abbc-868295abc91a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Diagnostic and metric logging on Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "4ed90dae-2cc8-44c4-9b6b-781cbafe6c46",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy the Log Analytics Agents to Azure VMware Solution guest VM workloads",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "589d457a-927c-4397-9d11-02cad6aae11e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure you have a documented and implemented backup policy and solution for Azure VMware Solution VM workloads",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "ee29711b-d352-4caa-ab79-b198dab81932",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Defender for Cloud for compliance monitoring of workloads running on Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "c9fc9d1b-b780-436f-9e6b-fbb9ed503547",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Are the applicable compliance baselines added to Microsoft Defender for Cloud",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "cc447e82-6128-4a71-b0f1-cac6d9ef1d5e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Was data residency evaluated when selecting Azure regions to use for Azure VMware Solution deployment",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "832e42e3-611c-4818-a0a0-bc510e43a18a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Are data processing implications (service provider / service consumer model) clear and documented",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "547c1747-dc56-4068-a714-435cd19dd244",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using CMK (Customer Managed Key) for vSAN only if needed for compliance reason(s).",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "e43a18a9-cd28-49ce-b6b1-7db8255461e2",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Create dashboards to enable core Azure VMware Solution monitoring insights",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds'| join kind=leftouter(resources| where type =~ 'Microsoft.Insights/metricalerts'| mv-expand scopes=properties.scopes| mv-expand criteria=properties.criteria.allOf| extend metricName=criteria.metricName| distinct tostring(scopes), tostring(metricName))on $left.id == $right.scopes| extend compliant=toint(metricName in ('UsageAverage', 'EffectiveCpuAverage', 'DiskUsedPercentage'))| summarize compliant=min(compliant) by id",
            "guid": "6b84ee5d-f47d-42d9-8881-b1cd5d1e54a2",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Create warning alerts for critical thresholds for automatic alerting on Azure VMware Solution performance (CPU >80%, Avg Memory >80%, vSAN >70%)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds'| join kind=leftouter(resources| where type =~ 'Microsoft.Insights/metricalerts'| mv-expand scopes=properties.scopes| mv-expand criteria=properties.criteria.allOf| extend metricName=criteria.metricName| distinct tostring(scopes), tostring(metricName))on $left.id == $right.scopes| extend compliant=toint(metricName in ('UsageAverage', 'EffectiveCpuAverage', 'DiskUsedPercentage'))| summarize compliant=min(compliant) by id",
            "guid": "9659e396-80e7-4828-ac93-5657d02bff45",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure critical alert is created to monitor if vSAN consumption is below 75% as this is a support threshold from VMware",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "graph": "resources| distinct subscriptionId| join kind=leftouter(    resources    | where type =~ 'microsoft.insights/activitylogalerts'    | mv-expand condition1 = properties.condition.allOf    | mv-expand condition2 = condition1.anyOf    | extend alertEnabled = tostring(properties.enabled)    | summarize set_condition1=make_set(condition1.equals), set_condition2=make_set(condition2.equals) by id, name,type,tenantId,resourceGroup,subscriptionId, alertEnabled    | where set_has_element(set_condition1, 'ServiceHealth')    | extend category = 'ServiceHealth'    | extend all = iff(set_has_element(set_condition1, 'ServiceHealth') and array_length(set_condition2) == 0, true, false)    | extend incident = iff(all, true, iff(set_has_element(set_condition1, 'Incident'), true, set_has_element(set_condition2, 'Incident')))    | extend maintenance = iff(all, true, iff(set_has_element(set_condition1, 'Maintenance'), true, set_has_element(set_condition2, 'Maintenance')))    | extend informational = iff(all, true, iff(set_has_element(set_condition1, 'Informational') or set_has_element(set_condition1, 'ActionRequired'), true, set_has_element(set_condition2, 'Informational') or set_has_element(set_condition2, 'ActionRequired')))    | extend security = iff(all, true, iff(set_has_element(set_condition1, 'Security'), true, set_has_element(set_condition2, 'Security')))    | project id, name, subscriptionId, category, tostring(alertEnabled), tostring(incident), tostring(maintenance), tostring(informational), tostring(security)    | summarize count_alertEnabled=countif(alertEnabled == 'true'), count_incident=countif(incident == 'True'), count_maintenance=countif(maintenance == 'True'), count_informational=countif(informational == 'True'), count_security=countif(security == 'True') by subscriptionId)     on subscriptionId| project subscriptionId, alertEnabled=iff(isnotnull(count_alertEnabled), count_alertEnabled, 0), incident=iff(isnotnull(count_incident), count_incident, 0), security=iff(isnotnull(count_security), count_security, 0), maintenance=iff(isnotnull(count_maintenance), count_maintenance, 0), informational=iff(isnotnull(count_informational), count_informational, 0)| order by incident, maintenance, informational, security desc| project id=subscriptionId, compliant=(alertEnabled > 0 and incident > 0 and security > 0 and maintenance > 0 and informational > 0)",
            "guid": "64b0d934-a348-4726-be79-d6b5c3a36495",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure alerts are configured for Azure Service Health alerts and notifications",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "b6abad38-aad5-43cc-99e1-d86667357c54",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure Azure VMware Solution logging to be send to an Azure Storage account or Azure EventHub for processing",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "9674c5ed-85b8-459c-9733-be2b1a27b775",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If deep insight in VMware vSphere is required: Is vRealize Operations and/or vRealize Network Insights used in the solution?",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "a91be1f3-88f0-43a4-b2cd-463cbbbc8682",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure the vSAN storage policy for VM's is NOT the default storage policy as this policy applies thick provisioning",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d9ef1d5e-832d-442e-9611-c818b0afbc51",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure vSphere content libraries are not placed on vSAN as vSAN is a finite resource",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "0e43a18a-9cd2-489b-bd6b-17db8255461e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure data repositories for the backup solution are stored outside of vSAN storage. Either in Azure native or on a disk pool-backed datastore",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "2aee3453-aec8-4339-848b-262d6cc5f512",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure workloads running on Azure VMware Solution are hybrid managed using Azure Arc for Servers (Arc for Azure VMware Solution is in preview)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "925398e6-da9d-437d-ac43-bc6cd1d79a9b",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure workloads running on Azure VMware Solution are monitored using Azure Log Analytics and Azure Monitor",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "24604489-a8f4-42d7-ae78-cb6a33bd2a09",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Include workloads running on Azure VMware Solution in existing update management tooling or in Azure Update Management",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "17e7a8d9-0ae0-4e27-aee2-9711bd352caa",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Policy to onboard Azure VMware Solution workloads in the Azure Management, Monitoring and Security solutions",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "aee3553a-fc83-4392-98b2-62d6cc5f5129",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure workloads running on Azure VMware Solution are onboarded to Microsoft Defender for Cloud",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "25398e6d-b9d3-47da-a43b-c6cd1d79a9b2",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure backups are not stored on vSAN as vSAN is a finite resource",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "5e6bfbb9-ed50-4354-9cc4-47e826028a71",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Have all DR solutions been considered and a solution that is best for your business been decided upon? [SRM/JetStream/Zerto/Veeam/...]",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "f0f1cac6-d9ef-41d5-b832-d42e3611c818",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Site Recovery when the Disaster Recovery technology is native Azure IaaS",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "b0afbc51-0e43-4a18-a9cd-289bed6b17db",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Automated recovery plans with either of the Disaster solutions, avoid manual tasks as much as possible",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "8255461e-2aee-4345-9aec-8339248b262d",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the geopolitical region pair as the secondary disaster recovery environment",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "6cc5f512-9253-498e-9da9-d37dac43bc6c",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use 2 different address spaces between the regions, for example: 10.0.0.0/16 and 192.168.0.0/16 for the different regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d1d79a9b-2460-4448-aa8f-42d78e78cb6a",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Will ExpressRoute Global Reach be used for connectivity between the primary and secondary Azure VMware Solution Private Clouds or is routing done through network virtual appliances?",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "33bd2a09-17e7-4a8d-a0ae-0e27cee29711",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Have all Backup solutions been considered and a solution that is best for your business been decided upon? [ MABS/CommVault/Metallic.io/Veeam/<2F>. ]",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bd352caa-ab79-4b18-adab-81932c9fc9d1",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy your backup solution in the same region as your Azure VMware Solution private cloud",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bb77036f-5e6b-4fbb-aed5-03547cc447e8",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy your backup solution outside of vSan, on Azure native components",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "26028a71-f0f1-4cac-9d9e-f1d5e832d42e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Is a process in place to request a restore of the VMware components managed by the Azure Platform?",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "4604489a-8f42-4d78-b78c-b7a33bd2a0a1",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For manual deployments, all configuration and deployments must be documented",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "7e7a8d90-ae0e-437c-be29-711bd352caaa",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For manual deployments, consider implementing resource locks to prevent accidental actions on your Azure VMware Solution Private Cloud",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "b79b198d-ab81-4932-a9fc-9d1bb78036f5",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For automated deployments, deploy a minimal private cloud and scale as needed",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "e6bfbb9e-d503-4547-ac44-7e826128a71f",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For automated deployments,  request or reserve quota prior to starting the deployment",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "0f1cac6d-9ef1-4d5e-a32e-42e3611c818b",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For automated deployment, ensure that relevant resource locks are created through the automation or through Azure Policy for proper governance",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "e2cc95d4-8c6b-4791-bca0-f6c56589e558",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement human understandable names for ExR authorization keys to allow for easy identification of the keys purpose/use",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "255461e2-aee3-4553-afc8-339248b262d6",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Key vault to store secrets and authorization keys when separate Service Principles are used for deploying Azure VMware Solution and ExpressRoute",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "cc5f5129-2539-48e6-bb9d-37dac43bc6cd",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Define resource dependencies for serializing actions in IaC when many resources need to be deployed in/on Azure VMware Solution as Azure VMware Solution only supports a limited number of parallel operations.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "1d79a9b2-4604-4489-a8f4-2d78e78cb7a3",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "When performing automated configuration of NSX-T segments with a single Tier-1 gateway, use Azure Portal APIs instead of NSX-Manager APIs",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "3bd2a0a1-7e7a-48d9-8ae0-e37cee29711b",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When intending to use automated scale-out, be sure to apply for sufficient Azure VMware Solution quota for the subscriptions running Azure VMware Solution",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d352caaa-b79b-4198-bab8-1932c9fc9d1b",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When intending to use automated scale-in, be sure to take storage policy requirements into account before performing such action",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "b78036f5-e6bf-4bb9-bd50-3547cc447e82",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Scaling operations always need to be serialized within a single SDDC as only one scale operation can be performed at a time (even when multiple clusters are used)",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bf15bce2-19e4-4a0e-a588-79424d226786",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider and validate scaling operations on 3rd party solutions used in the architecture (supported or not)",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "d20b56c5-7be5-4851-a0f8-3835c586cb29",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define and enforce scale in/out maximum limits for your environment in the automations",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "1dc15a1c-075e-4e9f-841a-cccd579376bc",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement monitoring rules to monitor automated scaling operations and monitor success and failure to enable appropriate (automated) responses",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "c5972cd4-cd21-4b07-9036-f5e6b4bfd3d5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy#how-application-proxy-works",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When using MON, be aware of the limits of simulataneously configured VMs (MON Limit for HCX [400 - standard, 1000 - Larger appliance])",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/configure-azure-ad-application-proxy/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "be1f38cf-03a8-422b-b463-cbbbc8ac299e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy#how-application-proxy-works",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When using MON, you cannot enable MON on more than 100 Network extensions",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-applications-external-access-azure-ad/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bc91a43d-90da-4e2c-a881-4706f7c1cbaf",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If using a VPN connection for migrations, adjust your MTU size accordingly.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "e614658d-d457-4e92-9139-b821102cad6e",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For low connectivity regions connecting into Azure (500Mbps or less), considering deploying the HCX WAN optimization appliance",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "ae01e6e8-43e5-42f4-922d-928c1b1cd521",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that migrations are started from the on-premises appliance and NOT from the Cloud appliance (do NOT perform a reverse migration)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "e54a29a9-de39-4ac0-b7c2-8dc935657202",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-policy-settings",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When Azure Netapp Files is used to extend storage for Azure VMware Solution,consider using this as a VMware datastore instead of attaching directly to a VM.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "bff4564b-0d93-44a3-98b2-63e7dd60513a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#avoid-combining-traffic-manager-and-front-door",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that a dedicated ExpressRoute Gateway is being used for external data storage solutions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "3649906e-bad3-48ea-b53c-c7de1d8aaab3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-the-same-domain-name-on-front-door-and-your-origin",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure that FastPath is enabled on the ExpressRoute Gateway that is being used for external data storage solutions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "571549ab-8153-4d89-b89d-c7b33be2b1a2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#disable-health-probes-when-theres-only-one-origin-in-an-origin-group",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using stretched cluster, ensure that your selected Disaster Recovery solution is supported by the vendor",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "4c486b6d-8bdc-4059-acf7-5ee8a1309888",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#select-good-health-probe-endpoints",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using stretched cluster, ensure that the SLA provided will meet your requirements",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "9579d66b-896d-471f-a6ca-7be9955d04c3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-head-health-probes",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using stretched cluster, ensure that both ExpressRoute circuits are connected to your connectivity hub.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "c49d987c-b3d1-4325-aa12-4b6e4d0685ed",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/nat-gateway/nat-overview#outbound-connectivity",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using stretched cluster, ensure that both ExpressRoute circuits have GlobalReach enabled.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AVS/privateClouds",
            "checklist": "Azure VMware Solution Design Review",
            "guid": "dce9793b-7bcd-4b3b-91eb-2ec14eea6e59",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-managed-tls-certificates",
            "service": "AVS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Have site disaster tolerance settings been properly considered and changed for your business if needed.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "4238f409-2ea0-43be-a06b-2a993c98aa7b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-scale#overview-of-plans",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Select the right Function hosting plan based on your business & SLO requirements",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "a9808100-d640-4f77-ac56-1ec0600f6752",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-scale#overview-of-plans",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Web/sites' and kind has 'functionapp' and tolower(kind) !contains 'workflow' | extend aspResourceId = tostring(properties.serverFarmId), managedEnvId = tostring(properties.managedEnvironmentId), sku = tostring(properties.sku) | extend sku = iif(isnotempty(sku), sku, iif(isnotempty(managedEnvId), 'ContainerApps', '')) | where sku !in ('Dynamic', 'FlexConsumption', '') | extend aspName = tostring(split(aspResourceId, '/').[-1]), managedEnvName = tostring(split(managedEnvId, '/').[-1]) | extend HostingPlan = tostring(iif(isnotempty(aspName), aspName, managedEnvName)) | project functionAppName = name, functionAppId = id, HostingPlan, sku | join kind=inner ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Web/serverfarms' or type =~ 'Microsoft.App/managedEnvironments' | extend HostingPlan = tostring(name), zoneRedundant = tostring(properties.zoneRedundant), compliant = tobool(properties.zoneRedundant) | project HostingPlan, resourceId = id, zoneRedundant, compliant ) on HostingPlan | project functionAppName, functionAppId, sku, HostingPlan, resourceId, zoneRedundant, compliant",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones where regionally applicable (not available for Consumption tier)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "5969d03e-eacf-4042-b127-73c55e3575fa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/reliability-functions?tabs=azure-portal#cross-region-disaster-recovery-and-business-continuity",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider a Cross-Region DR strategy for critical workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "47a0aae0-d8a0-43b1-9791-e934dee3754c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/environment/intro",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If deploying to an Isolated environment, use or migrate to App Service Environment (ASE) v3",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "17232891-f89f-4eaa-90f1-3b34bf798ed5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/dedicated-plan#always-on",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Web/sites' and kind has 'functionapp' | where tolower(kind) !contains 'workflow' | where isnotempty(properties.serverFarmId) | extend sku = tostring(properties.sku) | where isnotempty(sku) | where sku !in ('Dynamic', 'FlexConsumption', 'ElasticPremium') | extend alwaysOn = properties.siteConfig.alwaysOn | project functionAppName = name, functionAppId = id, serverFarmId = tostring(properties.serverFarmId), sku, alwaysOn, compliant = tobool(alwaysOn)",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure 'Always On' is enabled for all Function Apps running on App Service Plan",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "40a325c2-7c0e-49e6-86d8-c273b4dc21ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/storage-considerations?tabs=azure-cli#shared-storage-accounts",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Pair a Function App to its own storage account. Try not to re-use storage accounts for Function Apps unless they are tightly coupled",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Azure Function Review",
            "guid": "bb42650c-257d-4cb0-822a-131138b8e6f0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/deploy-azure-functions/",
            "service": "Azure Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Azure DevOps or GitHub to streamline CI/CD and safeguard your Function App code",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.BotService/botServices",
            "checklist": "Azure Bot Service",
            "guid": "6ad48408-ee72-4734-a476-ba28fdcf590c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/reliability-bot",
            "service": "Bot service",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow reliability support recommendations in Azure Bot Service",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.BotService/botServices",
            "checklist": "Azure Bot Service",
            "guid": "e65de8e1-3f9c-4cbd-9682-66abca264f9a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/bot-service/bot-builder-concept-regionalization",
            "service": "Bot service",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploying bots with local data residency and regional compliance",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.BotService/botServices",
            "checklist": "Azure Bot Service",
            "guid": "19bfe9d5-5d04-4c3c-9919-ca1b2d1215ae",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/reliability-bot#cross-region-disaster-recovery-in-multi-region-geography",
            "service": "Bot service",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure Bot Service runs in active-active mode for both global and regional services. When an outage occurs, you don't need to detect errors or manage the service. Azure Bot Service automatically performs auto failover and auto recovery in a multi-region geographical architecture. For the EU bot regional service, Azure Bot Service provides two full regions inside Europe with active/active replication to ensure redundancy. For the global bot service, all available regions/geographies can be served as the global footprint.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "6d8e32a8-3892-479d-a40b-10f6b4f6f298",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/concepts-blue-green-deployment-strategies",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure Spring Apps permits two deployments for every app, only one of which receives production traffic. You can achieve zero downtime with blue green deployment strategies. Blue green deployment is only available in Standard and Enterprise tiers. You could automate deployment using CI/CD with ADO/GitHub actions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "fbcb40ac-9480-4a6d-bcf4-8081252a6716",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/web-apps/spring-apps/architectures/spring-apps-multi-region",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure Spring Apps instances could be created in multiple regions for your applications and traffic could be routed by Traffic Manager/Front Door.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "ff1ae6a7-9301-4feb-9d11-56cd72f1d4ef",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-spring-apps",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "In supported region, Azure Spring Apps can be deployed as zone redundant, which means that instances are automatically distributed across availability zones. This feature is only available in Standard and Enterprise tiers.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "ffc735ad-fbb1-4802-b43f-ad6387c4c066",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/concept-understand-app-and-deployment",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use more than 1 app instance for your apps",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "7504c230-6035-4183-95a5-85762acc6075",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/diagnostic-services",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Monitor Azure Spring Apps with logs, metrics and tracing. Integrate ASA with application insights and track failures and create workbooks.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "1eb48d58-3eec-4ef5-80b0-d2b0dde3f0c6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/how-to-configure-enterprise-spring-cloud-gateway",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Set up autoscaling in Spring Cloud Gateway",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "97411607-b6fd-4335-99d1-9885faf4e392",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/how-to-setup-autoscale",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable autoscale for the apps with Standard consumption & dedicated plan.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.AppPlatform/Spring",
            "checklist": "Azure Spring Apps Review",
            "guid": "dfcaffd1-d27c-4ef2-998d-64c1df3a7ac3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/spring-apps/overview",
            "service": "Spring Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Enterprise plan for commercial support of spring boot for mission critical apps. With other tiers you get OSS support.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Apply guidance from the Microsoft cloud security benchmark related to Storage",
            "guid": "d237de14-3b16-4c21-b7aa-9b64604489a8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/security/benchmark/azure/baselines/storage-security-baseline",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider the 'Azure security baseline for storage'",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Storage by default has a public IP address and is Internet-reachable. Private endpoints allow to securely expose Azure Storage only to those Azure Compute resources that need access, thus eliminating exposure to the public Internet",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts' | where isnull(properties.privateEndpointConnections) or properties.privateEndpointConnections[0].properties.provisioningState != ('Succeeded') or (isnull(properties.networkAcls) and properties.publicNetworkAccess == 'Enabled') | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.privateEndpointConnections) and properties.privateEndpointConnections[0].properties.provisioningState == 'Succeeded' and properties.publicNetworkAccess == 'Disabled') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "f42d78e7-9d17-4a73-a22a-5a67e7a8ed4b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-private-endpoints",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider using private endpoints for Azure Storage",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Newly created storage accounts are created using the ARM deployment model, so that RBAC, auditing etc. are all enabled. Ensure that there are no old storage accounts with classic deployment model in a subscription",
            "guid": "30e37c3e-2971-41b2-963c-eee079b598de",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/migration-classic-resource-manager-overview#migration-of-storage-accounts",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure older storage accounts are not using 'classic deployment model'",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Leverage Microsoft Defender to learn about suspicious activity and misconfigurations.",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts' | project storageAccountId = id | join kind=leftouter (resourceContainers | where type == 'microsoft.security/pricings' | where name == 'StorageAccounts' | project resourceId = id, pricingTier = properties.pricingTier) on $left.storageAccountId == $right.resourceId | where isnull(pricingTier) or pricingTier != 'Standard' | extend compliant = false | distinct storageAccountId, compliant",
            "guid": "fc5972cd-4cd2-41b0-a803-7f5e6b4bfd3d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/azure-defender-storage-configure",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable Microsoft Defender for all of your storage accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "The soft-delete mechanism allows to recover accidentally deleted blobs.",
            "guid": "503547c1-447e-4c66-828a-7100f1ce16dd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-blob-overview",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable 'soft delete' for blobs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Consider selectively disabling 'soft delete' for certain blob containers, for example if the application must ensure that deleted information is immediately deleted, e.g. for confidentiality, privacy or compliance reasons. ",
            "guid": "3f1d5e87-2e52-4e36-81cc-58b4a4b1510e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-blob-enable",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable 'soft delete' for blobs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Soft delete for containers enables you to recover a container after it has been deleted, for example recover from an accidental delete operation.",
            "guid": "43a58a9c-2289-4c3d-9b57-d0c655462f2a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-container-overview",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable 'soft delete' for containers",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Consider selectively disabling 'soft delete' for certain blob containers, for example if the application must ensure that deleted information is immediately deleted, e.g. for confidentiality, privacy or compliance reasons. ",
            "guid": "3e3453a3-c863-4964-ab65-2d6c15f51296",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-container-enable",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable 'soft delete' for containers",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Prevents accidental deletion of a storage account, by forcing the user to first remove the deletion lock, prior to deletion",
            "guid": "5398e6de-d227-4dd1-92b0-6c21d7999a64",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/lock-account-resource",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable resource locks on storage accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Consider 'legal hold' or 'time-based retention' policies for blobs, so that is is impossible to delete the blob, the container, or the storage account. Please note that 'impossible' actually means 'impossible'; once a storage account contains an immutable blob, the only way to 'get rid' of that storage account is by cancelling the Azure subscription.",
            "guid": "6f4389a8-f42c-478e-98c0-6a73a22a4956",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/immutable-storage-overview",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider immutable blobs",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Consider disabling unprotected HTTP/80 access to the storage account, so that all data transfers are encrypted, integrity protected, and the server is authenticated. ",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts' | extend compliant = (properties.supportsHttpsTrafficOnly == false) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "e7a8dc4a-20e2-47c3-b297-11b1352beee0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-require-secure-transfer",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Require HTTPS, i.e. disable port 80 on the storage account",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "When configuring a custom domain (hostname) on a storage account, check whether you need TLS/HTTPS; if so, you might have to put Azure CDN in front of your storage account.",
            "guid": "79b588de-fc49-472c-b3cd-21bf77036e5e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/storage-custom-domain-name",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When enforcing HTTPS (disabling HTTP), check that you do not use custom domains (CNAME) for the storage account.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Requiring HTTPS when a client uses a SAS token to access blob data helps to minimize the risk of credential loss.",
            "guid": "6b4bed3d-5035-447c-8347-dc56028a71ff",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-sas-overview",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit shared access signature (SAS) tokens to HTTPS connections only",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": ". Enforcing the latest TLS version will reject request from clients using the older version. ",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.storage/storageaccounts' | extend compliant = (isnull(properties.minimumTlsVersion) == false and properties.minimumTlsVersion in ('TLS1_2', 'TLS1_3')) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "e12be569-a18f-4562-8d5d-ce151b9e7d55",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/transport-layer-security-configure-minimum-version",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce the latest TLS version for a storage account",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Microsoft Entra ID tokens should be favored over shared access signatures, wherever possible",
            "guid": "e1ce15dd-3f0d-45e7-92d4-1e3611cc57b4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/authorize-data-access",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID tokens for blob access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "When assigning a role to a user, group, or application, grant that security principal only those permissions that are necessary for them to perform their tasks. Limiting access to resources helps prevent both unintentional and malicious misuse of your data.",
            "guid": "a4b1410d-4395-48a8-a228-9b3d6b57cfc6",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Least privilege in IaM permissions",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "A user delegation SAS is secured with Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) credentials and also by the permissions specified for the SAS. A user delegation SAS is analogous to a service SAS in terms of its scope and function, but offers security benefits over the service SAS. ",
            "guid": "55461e1a-3e34-453a-9c86-39648b652d6c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-sas-overview?toc=%2Fazure%2Fstorage%2Fblobs%2Ftoc.json#best-practices-when-using-sas",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When using SAS, prefer 'user delegation SAS' over storage-account-key based SAS.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Storage account keys ('shared keys') have very little audit capabilities. While it can be monitored on who/when fetched a copy of the keys, once the keys are in the hands of multiple people, it is impossible to attribute usage to a specific user. Solely relying on Entra ID authentication makes it easier to tie storage access to a user. ",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.storage/storageaccounts' | extend allowSharedKeyAccess = tostring(properties.allowSharedKeyAccess) | extend compliant = (isnotempty(allowSharedKeyAccess) and allowSharedKeyAccess == 'false') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "15f51296-5398-4e6d-bd22-7dd142b06c21",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/authorize-with-shared-key",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider disabling storage account keys, so that only Microsoft Entra ID access (and user delegation SAS) is supported.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Use Activity Log data to identify 'when', 'who', 'what' and 'how' the security of your storage account is being viewed or changed (i.e. storage account keys, access policies, etc.).",
            "guid": "d7999a64-6f43-489a-af42-c78e78c06a73",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/blob-storage-monitoring-scenarios#audit-account-activity",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider using Azure Monitor to audit control plane operations on the storage account",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "A key expiration policy enables you to set a reminder for the rotation of the account access keys. The reminder is displayed if the specified interval has elapsed and the keys have not yet been rotated.",
            "guid": "a22a4956-e7a8-4dc4-a20e-27c3e29711b1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-account-keys-manage?tabs=azure-portal#create-a-key-expiration-policy",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using storage account keys, consider enabling a 'key expiration policy'",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "A SAS expiration policy specifies a recommended interval over which the SAS is valid. SAS expiration policies apply to a service SAS or an account SAS. When a user generates service SAS or an account SAS with a validity interval that is larger than the recommended interval, they'll see a warning.",
            "guid": "352beee0-79b5-488d-bfc4-972cd3cd21bf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/sas-expiration-policy",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider configuring an SAS expiration policy",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Stored access policies give you the option to revoke permissions for a service SAS without having to regenerate the storage account keys. ",
            "guid": "77036e5e-6b4b-4ed3-b503-547c1347dc56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/define-stored-access-policy",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider linking SAS to a stored access policy",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "028a71ff-e1ce-415d-b3f0-d5e772d41e36",
            "link": "https://microsoft.github.io/code-with-engineering-playbook/continuous-integration/dev-sec-ops/secret-management/recipes/detect-secrets-ado/",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider configuring your application's source code repository to detect checked-in connection strings and storage account keys.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Ideally, your application should be using a managed identity to authenticate to Azure Storage. If that is not possible, consider having the storage credential (connection string, storage account key, SAS, service principal credential) in Azure KeyVault or an equivalent service.",
            "guid": "11cc57b4-a4b1-4410-b439-58a8c2289b3d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/framework/security/design-storage-keys",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider storing connection strings in Azure KeyVault (in scenarios where managed identities are not possible)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Use near-term expiration times on an ad hoc SAS service SAS or account SAS. In this way, even if a SAS is compromised, it's valid only for a short time. This practice is especially important if you cannot reference a stored access policy. Near-term expiration times also limit the amount of data that can be written to a blob by limiting the time available to upload to it.",
            "guid": "27138b82-1102-4cac-9eae-01e6e842e52f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/delegate-access-with-shared-access-signature",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Strive for short validity periods for ad-hoc SAS",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "When creating a SAS, be as specific and restrictive as possible. Prefer a SAS for a single resource and operation over a SAS which gives much broader access.",
            "guid": "4721d928-c1b1-4cd5-81e5-4a29a9de399c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/delegate-access-with-shared-access-signature",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Apply a narrow scope to a SAS",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "A SAS can include parameters on which client IP addresses or address ranges are authorized to request a resource using the SAS. ",
            "guid": "fd7b28dc-9355-4562-82bf-e4564b0d834a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/create-account-sas",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider scoping SAS to a specific client IP address, wherever possible",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "A SAS cannot constrain how much data a client uploads; given the pricing model of amount of storage over time, it might make sense to validate whether clients uploaded maliciously large contents.",
            "guid": "348b263e-6dd6-4051-8a36-498f6dbad38e",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider checking uploaded data, after clients used a SAS to upload a file. ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "When accessing blob storage via SFTP using a 'local user account', the 'usual' RBAC controls do not apply. Blob access via NFS or REST might be more restrictive than SFTP access. Unfortunately, as of early 2023, local users are the only form of identity management that is currently supported for the SFTP endpoint",
            "guid": "ad53cc7c-e1d7-4aaa-a357-1449ab8053d8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/secure-file-transfer-protocol-support#sftp-permission-model",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "SFTP: Limit the amount of 'local users' for SFTP access, and audit whether access is needed over time.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "9f89dc7b-33be-42a1-a27f-7b9e91be1f38",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/secure-file-transfer-protocol-known-issues#authentication-and-authorization",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "SFTP: The SFTP endpoint does not support POSIX-like ACLs.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Storage supports CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing), i.e. an HTTP feature that enables web apps from a different domain to loosen the same-origin policy. When enabling CORS, keep the CorsRules to the least privilege.",
            "guid": "cef39812-bd46-43cb-aac8-ac199ebb91a3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/storageservices/cross-origin-resource-sharing--cors--support-for-the-azure-storage-services",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid overly broad CORS policies",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Data at rest is always encrypted server-side, and in addition might be encrypted client-side as well. Server-side encryption might happen using a platform-managed key (default) or customer-managed key. Client-side encryption might happen by either having the client supply an encryption/decryption key on a per-blob basis to Azure storage, or by completely handling encryption on the client-side. thus not relying on Azure Storage at all for confidentiality guarantees.",
            "guid": "3d90cae2-cc88-4137-86f7-c0cbafe61464",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-service-encryption",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Determine how data at rest should be encrypted. Understand the thread model for data.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "8dd457e9-2713-48b8-8110-2cac6eae01e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/customer-managed-keys-overview?toc=%2Fazure%2Fstorage%2Fblobs%2Ftoc.json&bc=%2Fazure%2Fstorage%2Fblobs%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Determine which/if platform encryption should be used.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "e842e52f-4721-4d92-ac1b-1cd521e54a29",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/encryption-customer-provided-keys",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Determine which/if client-side encryption should be used.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "description": "Anonymous access may present a security risk. We recommend that you disable anonymous access for optimal security. Disallowing anonymous access helps to prevent data breaches caused by undesired anonymous access.",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.storage/storageaccounts' | extend compliant = (properties.allowBlobPublicAccess == 'false') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "659ae558-b937-4d49-a5e1-112dbd7ba012",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/anonymous-read-access-configure?tabs=portal#allow-or-disallow-public-read-access-for-a-storage-account",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider whether public blob anonymous access is needed, or whether it can be disabled for certain storage accounts. ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "cb8eb8c0-aa62-4a25-a495-6eaa8dc4a243",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-account-upgrade?tabs=azure-portal",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage a storagev2 account type for better performance and reliability",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts' | extend compliant = (sku.name != 'Standard_LRS' and sku.name != 'Premium_LRS') | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "e05bbe20-9d49-4fda-9777-8424d116785c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-redundancy",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage GRS, ZRS or GZRS storage for the highest availability",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "2fa56c56-ad48-4408-be72-734c486ba280",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-disaster-recovery-guidance",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For write operation after failover, use customer-Managed Failover ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "dc0590cf-65de-48e1-909c-cbd579266bcc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-disaster-recovery-guidance#microsoft-managed-failover",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Understand Microsoft-Managed Failover details",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Azure Storage Review Checklist",
            "guid": "a274faa1-abfe-49d5-9d04-c3c4919cb1b3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-blob-enable?tabs=azure-portal",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Soft Delete",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "41faa1ed-b7f0-447d-8cba-4a4905e5bb83",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#high-availability",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable 2 replicas to have 99.9% availability for read operations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "7d956fd9-788a-4845-9b9f-c0340972d810",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#high-availability",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable 3 replicas to have 99.9% availability for read/write operations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "44dc5f2b-a032-4d03-aae8-90c3f2c0a4c3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#availability-zone-support",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones by enabling read and/or write replicas",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "cd0730f0-0ff1-4b77-9a2b-2a1f7dd5e291",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#multiple-services-in-separate-geographic-regions",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For regional redudancy, Manually create services in 2 or more regions for Search as it doesn't provide an automated method of replicating search indexes across geographic regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "3c964882-aec9-4d44-9f68-4b5f2efbbdb6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#synchronize-data-across-multiple-services",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "To synchronize data across multiple services either Use indexers for updating content on multiple services or Use REST APIs for pushing content updates on multiple services",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "85ee93c9-f53c-4803-be51-e6e4aa37ff4e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#use-azure-traffic-manager-to-coordinate-requests",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Traffic Manager to coordinate requests",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Search/searchServices",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Search Review Checklist",
            "guid": "7be10278-57c1-4a61-8ee3-895aebfec5aa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/search/search-reliability#back-up-and-restore-alternatives",
            "service": "Cognitive Search",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Backup and Restore an Azure Cognitive Search Index. Use this sample code to back up index definition and snapshot to a series of Json files",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "21c30d25-ffb7-4f6a-b9ea-b3fec328f787",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/fta-resiliencyplaybooks/blob/main/paas-foundations-playbooks-cog_svcs_v1.docx",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage FTA HandBook for Cognitive Services",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "78c34698-16b2-4763-aefe-1b9b599de0d5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/advanced-prompt-engineering?pivots=programming-language-chat-completions",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Backup Your Prompts",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "750ab2ab-039d-4a6d-95d7-c892adb107d5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/business-continuity-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery (BCDR) considerations with Azure OpenAI Service",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "325af625-ca44-4e46-a5e2-223ace8bb123",
            "link": "https://github.com/abacaj/chatgpt-backup#backup-your-chatgpt-conversations",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Backup Your ChatGPT conversations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "07ca5f17-f154-4e3a-a369-2829e7e31618",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/speech-service/how-to-custom-speech-continuous-integration-continuous-deployment",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "CI/CD for custom speech",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts",
            "checklist": "Cognitive Services Review Checklist",
            "guid": "3687a046-7a1f-4893-9bda-43324f248116",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ai-services/qnamaker/tutorials/export-knowledge-base",
            "service": "Cognitive Services",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Move a knowledge base using export-import",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.App/containerApps",
            "checklist": "Container Apps Review",
            "guid": "af416482-663c-4ed6-b195-b44c7068e09c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-azure-container-apps?tabs=azure-cli#availability-zone-support",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.App/managedEnvironments' | project name, resourceGroup, location, zoneRedundancy = tolower(tostring(properties.zoneRedundant)) | extend Compliance = iff(zoneRedundancy == 'true', true, false)",
            "service": "Container Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones if regionally applicable",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.App/containerApps",
            "checklist": "Container Apps Review",
            "guid": "95bc80ec-6499-4d14-a7d2-7d296b1d8abc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-azure-container-apps?tabs=azure-cli#set-up-zone-redundancy-in-your-container-apps-environment",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.App/containerApps' | project name, resourceGroup, location, minReplicas = toint(properties.template.scale.minReplicas), maxReplicas = toint(properties.template.scale.maxReplicas) | extend Compliance = iff(minReplicas >= 1, true, false)",
            "service": "Container Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use more than one replica and enable Zone Redundancy.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.App/containerApps",
            "checklist": "Container Apps Review",
            "guid": "ccaa4fc2-fdbc-4432-8bb7-f7e6469e4dc3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-azure-container-apps?tabs=azure-cli#cross-region-disaster-recovery-and-business-continuity",
            "service": "Container Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For cross-region DR, deploy container apps in multiple regions and follow active/active or active/passive application guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.App/containerApps",
            "checklist": "Container Apps Review",
            "guid": "2ffada86-c031-4933-bf7d-0c45bc4e5919",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/reliability-azure-container-apps?tabs=azure-cli#cross-region-disaster-recovery-and-business-continuity",
            "service": "Container Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Front Door or Traffic Manager to route traffic to the closest region",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "guid": "43e52f47-22d9-428c-8b1c-d521e54a29a9",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/fta-resiliencyplaybooks/blob/main/pass-foundations-playbooks-CosmosDB_v1.docx",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "FTA Resiliency Playbook",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "guid": "de39ac0e-7c28-4dc9-9565-7202bff4564b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/high-availability#slas",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availablity Zones where regionally applicable and ofcourse if the service offers it",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "guid": "0d934a34-8b26-43e7-bd60-513a3649906e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/high-availability#replica-outages",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Run multiple replicas of the database (>1 ) in Prod",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Multi-region writes capability allows you to take advantage of the provisioned throughput for your databases and containers across the globe",
            "guid": "bad38ead-53cc-47de-8d8a-aab3571449ab",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/high-availability#multiple-write-regions",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Multi-Region Writes",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Span Cosmos account across two or more regions with multi-region writes",
            "guid": "8153d89f-89dc-47b3-9be2-b1a27f7b9e91",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/high-availability#slas",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Distribute your data globally",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Choose from various consistency levels such as Eventual, Consistent Prefix, Session, Bounded Staleness and strong",
            "guid": "9f8ea848-25ec-4140-bc32-2758e6ee9ac0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/consistency-levels",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Choose from several well-defined consistency models",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Maintain business continuity during regional outages. Azure Cosmos DB supports service-managed failover during a regional outage. During a regional outage, Azure Cosmos DB continues to maintain its latency, availability, consistency, and throughput SLAs. To help make sure that your entire application is highly available, Azure Cosmos DB offers a manual failover API to simulate a regional outage. By using this API, you can carry out regular business continuity drills.",
            "guid": "a47e4d1e-bb79-43f9-bf87-69e1032b72fe",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/how-to-manage-database-account#automatic-failover",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Service managed failover",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Cosmos DB automatically takes backups of your data at regular intervals. The automatic backups are taken without affecting the performance or availability of the database operations. All the backups are stored separately in a storage service.",
            "guid": "3499c9c1-133d-42f7-a4b1-a5bd06ff1a90",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/online-backup-and-restore",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Automatic Backups",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/explore-basic-services-identity-types/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "This mode is the default backup mode for all existing accounts. In this mode, backup is taken at a periodic interval and the data is restored by creating a request with the support team. In this mode, you configure a backup interval and retention for your account. The maximum retention period extends to a month. The minimum backup interval can be one hour.",
            "guid": "a6eb33f6-005c-4d92-9286-7655672d6121",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/periodic-backup-restore-introduction",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Perform Periodic Backups",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/manage-identity-and-access/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.documentdb/databaseAccounts",
            "checklist": "CosmosDB Review Checklist",
            "description": "Continous 7 day retention and 30 day retention backups. Azure Cosmos DB performs data backup in the background without consuming any extra provisioned throughput (RUs) or affecting the performance and availability of your database. Continuous backups are taken in every region where the account exists.",
            "guid": "d43918a8-cd28-49be-b6b1-7cb8245461e1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db/continuous-backup-restore-introduction",
            "service": "CosmosDB",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Continous Backup with point-in-time restore in Azure Cosmos DB",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/create-custom-azure-roles-with-rbac/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "a95b86ad-8840-48e3-9273-4b875ba18f20",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/multitenant/considerations/tenancy-models",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data collection rules in Azure Monitor -https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/essentials/data-collection-rule-overview",
            "training": "https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/reservations/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "45901365-d38e-443f-abcb-d868266abca2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/multi-tenant/automation",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "check backup instances with the underlying datasource not found",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "64f9a19a-f29c-495d-94c6-c7919ca0f6c5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/multi-tenant/lighthouse",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Delete or archive unassociated services (disks, nics, ip addresses etc)",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "69bad37a-ad53-4cc7-ae1d-76667357c449",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/azure-billing-microsoft-customer-agreement#design-recommendations",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider a good balance between site recovery storage and backup for non mission critical applications",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "674b5ed8-5a85-49c7-933b-e2a1a27b765a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/manage/direct-ea-administration#manage-notification-contacts",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Check spending and savings opportunities among the 40 different log analytics workspaces- use different retention and data collection for nonprod workspaces-create daily cap for awareness and tier sizing -  If you do set a daily cap, in addition to creating an alert when the cap is reached,ensure that you also create an alert rule to be notified when some percentage has been reached (90% for example). - consider workspace transformation if possible - https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/essentials/data-collection-transformations#workspace-transformation-dcr ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/costs/understand-work-scopes",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Insights/components",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "91be1f38-8ef3-494c-8bd4-63cbbac75819",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/azure-billing-enterprise-agreement#design-considerations",
            "service": "Monitor",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce a purging log policy and automation (if needed, logs can be moved to cold storage)",
            "training": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHQYcYGKuyw",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "6aae01e6-a84d-4e5d-b36d-1d92881a1bd5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/azure-billing-enterprise-agreement#design-considerations",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Check that the disks are really needed, if not: delete. If they are needed, find lower storage tiers or use backup -",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/costs/manage-automation",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "d1e44a19-659d-4395-afd7-7289b835556d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/azure-billing-enterprise-agreement#design-considerations",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider moving unused storage to lower tier, with customized rule - https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/lifecycle-management-policy-configure  ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/costs/enable-tag-inheritance",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "d0102cac-6aae-401e-9a84-de5de36d1d92",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Make sure advisor is configured for VM right sizing ",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "description": "check by searching the Meter Category Licenses in the Cost analysys",
            "guid": "59ae568b-a38d-4498-9e22-13dbd7bb012f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/manage/centralize-operations",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "run the script on all windows VMs https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/windows/hybrid-use-benefit-licensing?ref=andrewmatveychuk.com#convert-an-existing-vm-using-azure-hybrid-benefit-for-windows-server- consider implementing a policy if windows VMs are created frequently",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "7b95e06e-158e-42ea-9992-c2de6e2065b3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/privileged-identity-management/pim-configure",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": " this can be also put under AHUB if you already have licenses https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/linux/azure-hybrid-benefit-linux?tabs=rhelpayg%2Crhelbyos%2CrhelEnablebyos%2Crhelcompliance",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "75c1e945-b459-4837-bf7a-e7c6d3b475a5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/active-directory-groups-create-azure-portal",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consolidate reserved VM families with flexibility option (no more than 4-5 families)",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/automation/automation-solution-vm-management",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "c7acbe49-bbe6-44dd-a9f2-e87778468d55",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/identity-access#prerequisites-for-a-landing-zone---design-recommendations",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Utilize Azure Reserved Instances: This feature allows you to reserve VMs for a period of 1 or 3 years, providing significant cost savings compared to PAYG prices.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "a6bcca2b-4fea-41db-b3dd-95d48c7c891d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory-domain-services/overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Only larger disks can be reserved => 1 TiB -",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "cb1f7d57-59ae-4568-aa38-d4985e2213db",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/identity/adds-extend-domain",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "After the right-sizing optimization",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Sql/servers",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "d7bb012f-7b95-4e06-b158-e2ea3992c2de",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy",
            "service": "SQL",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Check if applicable and enforce policy/change https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-sql/azure-hybrid-benefit?view=azuresql&tabs=azure-portalhttps://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/scope-level/create-sql-license-assignments?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "6e2065b3-a76a-4f4a-991e-8839ada46667",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/roles/best-practices",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "The VM + license part discount (ahub + 3YRI) is around 70% discount",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "ccbd9792-a6bc-4ca2-a4fe-a1dbf3dd95d4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/waf-front-door-best-practices#send-logs-to-microsoft-sentinel",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using a VMSS to match demand rather than flat sizing",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.containerservice/managedClusters",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "c1b1cd52-1e54-4a29-a9de-39ac0e7c28dc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/cross-region-replication-azure",
            "service": "AKS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use AKS autoscaler to match your clusters usage (make sure the pods requirements match the scaler)",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "44be3b1a-27f8-4b9e-a1be-1f38df03a822",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/data-retention-archive?tabs=portal-1%2Cportal-2#how-retention-and-archiving-work",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Move recovery points to vault-archive where applicable (Validate)",
            "training": "https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/reservations/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "cd463cbb-bc8a-4c29-aebc-91a43da1dae2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/clusters/cluster-config-best-practices#automatic-termination",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Spot VMs with fallback where possible. Consider autotermination of clusters.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "cc881470-607c-41cc-a0e6-14658dd458e9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/how-to/guest-configuration-create",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Functions - Reuse connections",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/reservations/reservation-apis?toc=%2Fazure%2Fcost-management-billing%2Ftoc.json",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "27139b82-1102-4dbd-9eaf-11e6f843e52f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/automation/update-management/overview",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Functions - Cache data locally",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/azure-administrator-manage-compute-resources/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "4722d928-c1b1-4cd5-81e5-4a29b9de39ac",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/network-watcher/network-watcher-monitoring-overview",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Functions - Cold starts-Use the 'Run from package' functionality. This way, the code is downloaded as a single zip file. This can, for example, result in significant improvements with Javascript functions, which have a lot of node modules.Use language specific tools to reduce the package size, for example, tree shaking Javascript applications.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/configure-network-watcher/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "0e7c28dc-9366-4572-82bf-f4564b0d934a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/lock-resources?tabs=json",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Functions - Keep your functions warm",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "359c363e-7dd6-4162-9a36-4a907ebae38e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/overview",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using autoscale with different functions, there might be one driving all the autoscale for all the resources - consider moving it to a separate consumption plan (and consider higher plan for CPU)",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "ad53cc7d-e2e8-4aaa-a357-1549ab9153d8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-health/alerts-activity-log-service-notifications-portal",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Function apps in a given plan are all scaled together, so any issues with scaling can affect all apps in the plan.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "9f89dc7b-44be-43b1-a27f-8b9e91be1f38",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/alerts/action-groups",
            "service": "Functions",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Am I billed for 'await time'? This question is typically asked in the context of a C# function that does an async operation and waits for the result, e.g. await Task.Delay(1000) or await client.GetAsync('http://google.com'). The answer is yes - the GB second calculation is based on the start and end time of the function and the memory usage over that period. What actually happens over that time in terms of CPU activity is not factored into the calculation.One exception to this rule is if you are using durable functions. You are not billed for time spent at awaits in orchestrator functions.apply demand shaping techinques where possible (dev environments?) https://github.com/Azure-Samples/functions-csharp-premium-scaler",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "3da1dae2-cc88-4147-8607-c1cca0e61465",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Frontdoor - Turn off the default homepageIn the application settings of your App, set AzureWebJobsDisableHomepage to true. This will return a 204 (No Content) to the PoP so only header data is returned.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "8dd458e9-2713-49b8-8110-2dbd6eaf11e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-setup-guide/monitoring-reporting?tabs=AzureMonitor",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Frontdoor - Route to something that returns nothing. Either set up a Function, Function Proxy, or add a route in your WebApp that returns 200 (OK) and sends no or minimal content. The advantage of this is you will be able to log out when it is called.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "7e31c67d-68cf-46a6-8a11-94956d697dc3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/best-practices/monitoring",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider archiving tiers for less used data",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "a2ed27b2-d186-4f1a-8252-bddde68a487c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/automation/how-to/region-mappings",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Check disk sizes where the size does not match the tier (i.e. A 513 GiB disk will pay a P30 (1TiB) and consider resizing",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "dec4861b-c3bc-410a-b77e-26e4d5a3bec2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/governance/policy/concepts/guest-configuration",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using standard SSD rather than Premium or Ultra where possible",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "c4e2436b-1336-4db5-9f17-960eee0bdf5c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/management-operational-compliance#monitoring-for-configuration-drift",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For storage accounts, make sure that the chosen tier is not adding up transaction charges (it might be cheaper to move to the next tier)",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "c2efc5d7-61d4-41d2-900b-b47a393a040f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/site-recovery-overview",
            "service": "Site Recovery",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For ASR, consider using Standard SSD disks if the RPO/RTO and replication throughput allow it",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "d3294798-b118-48b2-a5a4-6ceb544451e1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/framework/resiliency/backup-and-recovery",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Storage accounts: check hot tier and/or GRS necessary",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "92d34429-3c76-4286-97a5-51c5b04e4f18",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-center-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disks - validate use of Premium SSD disks everywhere: for example, non-prod could swap to Standard SSD or on-demand Premium SSD  ",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "54387e5c-ed12-46cd-832a-f5b2fc6998a5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/availability-zones-overview",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create budgets to manage costs and create alerts that automatically notify stakeholders of spending anomalies and overspending risks.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "35e33789-7e31-4c67-b68c-f6a62a119495",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Export cost data to a storage account for additional data analysis.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "6d697dc3-a2ed-427b-8d18-6f1a1252bddd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-overview",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Control costs for a dedicated SQL pool by pausing the resource when it is not in use.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "e68a487c-dec4-4861-ac3b-c10ae77e26e4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable the serverless Apache Spark automatic pause feature and set your timeout value accordingly.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "d5a3bec2-c4e2-4436-a133-6db55f17960e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/best-practices#use-latest-version-for-customer-managed-certificates",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Create multiple Apache Spark pool definitions of various sizes.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "ee0bdf5c-c2ef-4c5d-961d-41d2500bb47a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/resource-org-management-groups#management-groups-in-the-azure-landing-zone-accelerator",
            "service": "Synapse",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Purchase Azure Synapse commit units (SCU) for one year with a pre-purchase plan to save on your Azure Synapse Analytics costs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "393a040f-d329-4479-ab11-88b2c5a46ceb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/overview-v2",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Spot VMs for interruptible jobs: These are VMs that can be bid on and purchased at a discounted price, providing a cost-effective solution for non-critical workloads.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "544451e1-92d3-4442-a3c7-628637a551c5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Right-sizing all VMs",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "b04e4f18-5438-47e5-aed1-26cd032af5b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/configuration-infrastructure#size-of-the-subnet",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Swap VM sized with normalized and most recent sizes",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "fc6998a5-35e3-4378-a7e3-1c67d68cf6a6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "right-sizing VMs - start with monitoring usage below 5% and then work up to 40%",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Cost Optimization Checklist",
            "guid": "2a119495-6d69-47dc-9a2e-d27b2d186f1a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Containerizing an application can improve VM density and save money on scaling it",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "65285269-440c-44be-9d3e-0844276d4bdc",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/fta-resiliencyplaybooks/blob/main/pass-foudations-playbooks-ADB_v1.docx",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Reference Databricks HA/DR playbook",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "a0e6c465-89d5-458b-a37d-3974d1112dbd",
            "link": "https://github.com/databrickslabs/databricks-sync",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Databricks Sync",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "89d558b9-37d3-4974-b111-2dbd7aaf12e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/secrets/secret-scopes",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Backup your workspace configuration including ARM templates and secret scopes",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "b94ee5ef-47d2-4d92-a81b-1cd6d1f54b29",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/fasttrack-for-azure/sharing-metadata-across-different-databricks-workspaces-using/ba-p/3679757",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Share metaData across different Databricks workspaces using Hive external metastore",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "769e3969-0e78-428a-a936-657d03b0f466",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/fasttrack-for-azure/disaster-recovery-strategy-in-azure-databricks-using-the-hive/ba-p/3684581",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Plan Disaster Recovery strategy in Databricks using the Hive External Metastore",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "4b1d944a-3598-437e-b79d-6c6d3a364a5b",
            "link": "https://www.databricks.com/blog/2021/04/20/attack-of-the-delta-clones-against-disaster-recovery-availability-complexity.html",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Backup your data with deep and shallow clones",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "description": "Download the blob using the secondary endpoint in RAGRS storage account",
            "guid": "7abae48a-bd54-4cd7-ae2e-86768357c559",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-paas-blog/download-the-blob-using-secondary-endpoint-in-ragrs-storage/ba-p/2403750",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Backup your data to Azure Storage RA-GRS",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "675c5ee8-5b85-49c7-944c-e3b1a28b875a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/dev-tools/index-ci-cd",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Backup your code with DevOps",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "guid": "a1bf1038-9f03-4a4d-8ce4-63dbbbc8682a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/administration-guide/disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Plan for Disaster recovery using Active/Active or Active/Passive Configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "DataBricks Review Checklist",
            "description": "Migration package to log all Databricks resources for backup and/or migrating to another Databricks workspace",
            "guid": "5abc92a4-eda1-4dae-8cc8-5c47c6b781cc",
            "link": "https://github.com/databrickslabs/migrate",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Databricks Migration tools",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Restrict the use of local authentication methods for data plane access. Instead, use  Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method to control your data plane access.",
            "guid": "32d41e36-11c8-417b-8afb-c410d4391898",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Restrict use of local users on sql workloads on Synapse",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "No additional configurations are required as this is enabled on a default deployment.",
            "guid": "21d41d25-00c8-417b-b9ea-c41fd3390798",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/transport-layer-security-configure-minimum-version",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt sensitive data in transit",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method to control your data plane access.",
            "guid": "cd289bed-6b17-4cb8-8454-61e1aee3453a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/synapse-service-identity?context=%2Fazure%2Fsynapse-analytics%2Fcontext%2Fcontext",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed identity to authenticate to the services",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "bc288bec-6a17-4ca7-8444-51e1add3452a",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable data at rest encryption by default",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "If not required for routine administrative operations, disable or restrict any local admin accounts for only emergency use.",
            "guid": "ec823923-7a15-42d6-ac5e-402925388e5d",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Separate and limit highly privileged/administrative users and enable MFA and conditional policies",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Keyvaults to store your CMK",
            "guid": "ec723923-7a15-41c5-ab5e-401915387e5c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/configure-customer-managed-key?tabs=Key-Vault",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use customer-managed key option in data at rest encryption when required",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Azure Synapse also includes Synapse role-based access control (RBAC) roles to manage different aspects of Synapse Studio. Leverage these built-in roles to assign permissions to users, groups, or other security principals to manage who can Publish code artifacts and list or access published code artifacts,Execute code on Apache Spark pools and integration runtimes,Access linked (data) services that are protected by credentials,Monitor or cancel job executions, review job output and execution logs.",
            "guid": "a9c27d9c-42bb-46cd-8c79-99a246f3389a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/synapse-workspace-understand-what-role-you-need",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure RBAC to control access on storage and Synapse RBAC to control access on workspace level depending on the personas of the team to fine grain the access on data and compute",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "7f42c78e-78cb-46a2-8ad1-a0916e6a8d8f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/security/row-level-security?view=sql-server-ver16&context=%2Fazure%2Fsynapse-analytics%2Fcontext%2Fcontext",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement RLS, CLS and data masking on sql workloads in dedicated sql pool to add additional layer of security",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "When you create your Azure Synapse workspace, you can choose to associate it to a Microsoft Azure Virtual Network. The Virtual Network associated with your workspace is managed by Azure Synapse. This Virtual Network is called a Managed workspace Virtual Network. This can be selected when deploying a workspace",
            "guid": "e2436b03-36db-455e-8796-0eee0bdf4cc2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/synapse-workspace-managed-vnet?view=sql-server-ver16",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed vnet workspace to restrict the access over public internet",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method.",
            "guid": "a9c26d9c-42bb-45bd-8c69-99a246e3389a",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method and disable local access wherever possible",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "To protect any sensitive data, it's recommended to disable public access to the workspace endpoints entirely. By doing so, it ensures all workspace endpoints can only be accessed using<6E>private endpoints.",
            "guid": "efc4d761-c31d-425f-bbb4-7a393a040ed3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/synapse-workspace-managed-private-endpoints?view=sql-server-ver16",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure private endpoints to connect to the external services and disable public access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method.",
            "guid": "7e42c77d-78cb-46a2-8ad1-9f916e698d8f",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed identity to authenticate to the services",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "If public access needs to be enabled, it's highly recommended to configure the IP firewall rules to allow inbound connections only from the specified list of public IP addresses.",
            "guid": "294798b1-178a-42c5-a46c-eb544350d092",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/synapse-workspace-ip-firewall",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "text": "If enabling public access highly recommended to configure IP firewall rules",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "adfe27bd-e187-401a-a352-baa9b68a088c",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure conditional access policies to restrict the access on Data plane",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "d234292b-7528-4537-a551-c5bf4e4f1854",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/create-self-hosted-integration-runtime?tabs=data-factory",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy SHIR VMs in your vnet if you are working with sensitive data that shouldn<64>t leave your corporate network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Restrict exposure of keys and secerts",
            "guid": "9a80822b-8eb9-4d1b-a77f-26e5e6beba8e",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vaults to store secrets and crendentials.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "This can be done only when deploying the workspace, but  Python libraries installed from public repositories like PyPI are not supported. (Think about the limitation before enabling it)",
            "guid": "287d5cdc-126c-4c03-8af5-b1fc6898a535",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/how-to-create-a-workspace-with-data-exfiltration-protection",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Data Exfiltration Protection (DEP)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "d4f3437c-c336-4d81-9f27-a71efe1b9b5d",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Separate and limit highly privileged/administrative users",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "When you create an Event Hubs namespace, a policy rule named RootManageSharedAccessKey is automatically created for the namespace. This policy has manage permissions for the entire namespace. It<49>s recommended that you treat this rule like an administrative root account and don<6F>t use it in your application. You can create additional policy rules in the Configure tab for the namespace in the portal, via PowerShell or Azure CLI. Avoid the usage of local authentication methods or accounts, these should be disabled wherever possible. Instead use Azure AD to authenticate where possible.",
            "guid": "9de0d5d7-21d4-41d2-900c-817bf9eac41f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/authenticate-shared-access-signature",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Authenticate access to Event Hubs resources using shared access signatures (SAS) and restrict local users",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Azure role-based access control (Azure RBAC) to manage Azure resource access through built-in role assignments. Azure RBAC roles can be assigned to users, groups, service principals, and managed identities.",
            "guid": "387e5ced-127d-4d14-8b06-b20c6999a646",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/authorize-access-azure-active-directory",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure RBACs to fine grain the access ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "First layer of encryption is done by Microsoft managed keys, you can add a second layer of encryption using Customer managed Keys",
            "guid": "e337897e-31b6-47d6-9be5-962a1193846d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/workspaces-encryption",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data Encryption at rest using Customer managed Keys for workspace",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Service supports disabling public network access either through using service-level IP ACL filtering rule (not NSG or Azure Firewall) or using a 'Disable Public Network Access' toggle switch.",
            "guid": "f3389a7e-42c7-48e7-ac06-a62a2194956e",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable Public Network Access",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Azure Synapse leverages TLS to ensure data is encrypted in motion. SQL dedicated pools support TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and TLS 1.2 versions for encryption wherein Microsoft-provided drivers use TLS 1.2 by default. Serverless SQL pool and Apache Spark pool use TLS 1.2 for all outbound connections.",
            "guid": "697cc391-ed16-4b2d-886f-0a1241bddde6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/guidance/security-white-paper-data-protection#data-in-transit",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data Encryption in transit ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "6a8dc4a2-fe27-4b2e-8870-1a1352beedf7",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Vnets to isolate traffic over restricted network ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Keyvaults to store your secrets and credentials",
            "guid": "8a477cde-b486-41bc-9bc1-0ae66e25e4d5",
            "service": "Synapse Analytics",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Store passwords, secerts and keys in Azure key vault",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "9b488dee-c496-42cc-9cd2-1bf77f26e5e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/private-link-service",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy private endpoints for all Azure resources that support the Private Link feature, to establish a private access point for the resources.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "You can store credentials or secret values in an Azure Key Vault and use them during pipeline execution to pass to your activities.",
            "guid": "a3aec2c4-e243-46b0-936d-b55e17960eee",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/how-to-use-azure-key-vault-secrets-pipeline-activities",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault secrets in pipeline activities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Fabric controls data access using workspaces. In workspaces, data appears in the form of Fabric items, and users can't view or use items (data) unless you give them access to the workspace. You can find more information about workspace and item permissions, in Permission model.",
            "guid": "b3bed3d5-f353-47c1-946d-c56028a71ffe",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/permission-model",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Workspace roles to provide access to the users on the data",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "OneLake RBAC uses role assignments to apply permissions to its members.",
            "guid": "1bd05dd2-e0d5-4d77-8d41-e3611cc57b4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/onelake/security/data-access-control-model",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use RBAC on Onelake to provide fine grain access on the data in Tables/Files Onelake ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Take into account the access of the user at both target and source location of the shortcut",
            "guid": "4b1410d4-3958-498c-8288-b3c6a57cfc64",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/onelake/security/data-access-control-model#shortcuts",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using shortcuts the user identity of the user should have access on the target location of the shortcut as well",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Not all users need to have access on the entire workspace using roles so instead restrict giving roles on the entire workspace and only share the item to the user using share item feature or managing permission in Fabric",
            "guid": "4451e1a3-d345-43a3-a763-9637a552d5c1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/get-started/share-items",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Restrict providing workspace level role to users instead share an item only to the users",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use features like RLS, CLS and Dynamic data masking to enhance your data security requirements on sql workloads.",
            "guid": "5e401965-387e-45ce-b127-dd142b06b20c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/data-warehouse/tutorial-row-level-security",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit access to the data by defining RLS, CLS and dynamic data masking on Warehouse and SQL analytics endpoints",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use features like RLS and OLS on Power BI to have more security features on semantic models",
            "guid": "6999a646-f338-49a7-b42c-78e78c06a62a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/service-admin-row-level-security",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit access to the data by defining RLS and OLS on semantic models in Power BI",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "In Fabric, all data that is stored in OneLake is encrypted at rest",
            "guid": "2194956e-6a8d-4c4a-8fe2-7b2e28701a13",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt Data at rest",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-azure-expressroute/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Data in transit across the public internet between Microsoft services is always encrypted with at least TLS 1.2. Fabric negotiates to TLS 1.3 whenever possible.",
            "guid": "52beedf7-9b48-48de-bc49-62cc3cd21bf7",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt data in transit",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Restrict the use of local authentication methods for data plane access. Instead, use Microsoft Entra ID  as the default authentication method to control your data plane access.",
            "guid": "0bdf4cc2-efc4-4d76-8c31-d25ffbb47a39",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Restrict use of local users whereever necessary",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "No need to do anything. Every request to connect to Fabric is authenticated with Microsoft Entra ID, allowing users to safely connect to Fabric from their corporate office, when working at home, or from a remote location.",
            "guid": "7f26e5e6-b3be-4d3d-9f35-37c1346dc560",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID as default authentication method",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/?source=learn",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Managed identities eliminate the need to manage credentials. Managed identities provide an identity for the service instance when connecting to resources that support Microsoft Entra authentication.",
            "guid": "3a040ed3-2947-498b-8178-a2c5a46ceb54",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/data-factory-service-identity",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed identity to authenticate to the services",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "A Fabric workspace identity is an automatically managed service principal that can be associated with a Fabric workspace. Workspace identities can be created in the workspace settings of any workspace except My workspaces. A workspace identity is automatically assigned the workspace contributor role and has access to workspace items.  Limitation: Write to shortcut destination fails when using workspace identity as the authentication method. Connections with workspace-identity-authentication can only be used in Onelake shortcuts and data pipelines.",
            "guid": "28a71ffe-1bd0-45dd-8e0d-5d771d41e361",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/workspace-identity",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use workspace identity to authenticate to the services",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "If not required for routine administrative operations, disable or restrict any local admin accounts for only emergency use.",
            "guid": "4350d092-d234-4292-a752-8537a551c5bf",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Separate and limit highly privileged/administrative users and enable MFA and conditional policies",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Grant the identity permissions on the storage account",
            "guid": "1cc57b4a-4b14-410d-9395-898c2288b3c6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/workspace-identity-authenticate#step-2-grant-the-identity-permissions-on-the-storage-account",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Provide RBAC roles on storage account to the managed identity to make a successful connection",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "4e4f1854-287d-45cd-a126-cc032af5b1fc",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Disable access over public internet and configure either firewall rules or trusted services rules",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Fabric workspaces with a workspace identity can securely read or write to firewall-enabled Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 accounts through<67>trusted workspace access<73>for OneLake shortcuts.",
            "guid": "a57cfc64-4451-4e1a-9d34-53a3c7639637",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-trusted-workspace-access",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure trusted workspace access to access storage account behind firewall ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "6898a535-e337-4897-b31b-67d67be5962a",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy SHIR VMs in your vnet if you are working with sensitive data that shouldn<64>t leave your corporate network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Managed virtual networks are virtual networks that are created and managed by Microsoft Fabric for each Fabric workspace. Managed virtual networks provide network isolation for Fabric Spark workloads, meaning that the compute clusters are deployed in a dedicated network and are no longer part of the shared virtual network. It is only supported for spark workload in Fabric.",
            "guid": "a552d5c1-5e40-4196-9387-e5ced127dd14",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-managed-vnets-fabric-overview",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed vnet option if you have network isolation needs",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "When you create an Azure integration runtime within a Data Factory managed virtual network, the integration runtime is provisioned with the managed virtual network. It uses private endpoints to securely connect to supported data stores.",
            "guid": "1193846d-697c-4c39-8ed1-6b2d186f0a12",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use managed vnet IR to restrict the access over public internet for Azure Integration Runtime",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Managed private endpoints are feature that allows secure and private access to data sources from Fabric Spark workloads. You cannot use starter pool with managed PE",
            "guid": "6f4a0641-addd-4ea8-a477-cdeb3861bc3b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-managed-private-endpoints-overview",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure managed private endpoints to access Azure services",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Managed private endpoints are private endpoints created in the Data Factory managed virtual network that establishes a private link to Azure resources. Data Factory manages these private endpoints on your behalf.",
            "guid": "41bddde6-8a47-47cd-bb48-61bc3bc10ae6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/managed-virtual-network-private-endpoint#managed-private-endpoints",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure managed private endpoints to connect to resources using managed azure IR",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Fabric uses a private IP address from your virtual network. The endpoint allows users in your network to communicate with Fabric over the private IP address using private links.",
            "guid": "c14aea6e-65d8-4d9a-9aec-218e6436b063",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-private-links-use",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure Private Links to access resources in your own Azure vnet i.e traffic coming in your Fabric environment",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "When a user authenticates access is determined based on a set of policies that might include IP address, location, and managed devices.",
            "guid": "6cb45e57-9603-4324-adf8-cc23318da611",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-conditional-access",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure Microsoft Entra ID conditional access if a user is trying to access your Fabric environment",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-network-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "In Azure, a service tag is a defined group of IP addresses that is automatically managed, as a group, to minimize the complexity of updates or changes to network security rules.",
            "guid": "70265f4b-b46a-4393-af70-317294797b15",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/security-service-tags",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can use Azure service tags to enable connections to and from Microsoft Fabric.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/design-implement-network-monitoring/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "optional",
            "guid": "78a219a4-6beb-4544-9502-4922634292bb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/fabric-allow-list-urls",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can add Fabric URLs to your allowlist",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/network-security-group-how-it-works",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "optional",
            "guid": "528537a5-4119-4bf8-b8f5-854287d9cdc1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/fabric/security/power-bi-allow-list-urls",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can add Power BI URLs to your allowlist",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "The data gateway lets you connect your Azure and other data services to Microsoft Fabric and the Power Platform to securely communicate with the data source, execute queries, and transmit results back to the service.",
            "guid": "56cc071a-e9b1-441a-a889-535e727897e7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/data-integration/gateway/service-gateway-install",
            "service": "Microsoft Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure and use On-prem data gateway or Vnet data gateway to connect to sources either on prem or behind a virtual network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "By using Azure Private Link, you can connect to various platform as a service (PaaS) deployments in Azure via a private endpoint. A private endpoint is a private IP address within a specific virtual network and subnet",
            "guid": "b47a393a-0804-4272-a479-8b1578b219a4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/data-factory-private-link",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure Private Links to connect to sources in customer Vnet and data factory",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "This is a default setting",
            "guid": "6ceb5443-5135-4922-9442-93bb628637a5",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data Encryption at rest by Microsoft managed keys",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "This is a default setting",
            "guid": "5119b08e-8f58-4543-a7e9-cec166cd072a",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data Encryption in transit by Microsoft managed keys",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "When you specify a customer-managed key, Data Factory uses<65>both<74>the factory system key and the CMK to encrypt customer data. Missing either would result in Deny of Access to data and factory.",
            "guid": "f9b241a9-98a5-435e-9378-97e71ca7da8c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/enable-customer-managed-key",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data Encryption in transit by BYOK (Customer managed keys)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "faa62a15-9495-46da-a7dc-3a23267b2258",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/store-credentials-in-key-vault, https:/learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/how-to-use-azure-key-vault-secrets-pipeline-activities",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Store passwords, secrets in Azure Key Vault",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "You can store credentials or secret values in an Azure Key Vault and use them during pipeline execution to pass to your activities.",
            "guid": "6f4a1652-bddd-4ea8-a487-cdec4861bc3b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/how-to-use-azure-key-vault-secrets-pipeline-activities",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault secrets in pipeline activities",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DataFactory/datafactories",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "You can encrypt and store credentials for any of your on-premises data stores (linked services with sensitive information) on a machine with self-hosted integration runtime.",
            "guid": "c14aeb7e-66e8-4d9a-9bec-218e6436b173",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/encrypt-credentials-self-hosted-integration-runtime",
            "service": "Data Factory",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt credentials for on-premises using SHIR data stores in Azure Data Factory",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "6db55f57-9603-4334-adf9-cc23418db612",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define roles and responsibilities to manage Microsoft Purview in control plane and data plane",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Azure RBACs for this",
            "guid": "8126504b-b47a-4393-a080-427294798b15",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/best-practices",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define roles and tasks required to deploy and manage Microsoft Purview inside an Azure subscription (control plane)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Use Microsoft Purview roles for this.",
            "guid": "78b219a4-6ceb-4544-9513-5922744293bb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/classic-data-governance-permissions#roles,  https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/best-practices",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define roles and task needed to perform data management and governance using Microsoft Purview. (Data plane for Data Map and Data Catalog.)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "628637a5-5119-4b08-b8f5-854387e9cec1",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Assign roles to Microsoft Entra groups instead of assigning roles to individual users.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "66cd072a-f9b2-441a-a98a-535e737897e7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/governance/entitlement-management-overview",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure<72>Active Directory Entitlement Management<6E>to map user access to Microsoft Entra groups using Access Packages.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "1ca7da8c-faa6-42a1-9949-56da97dc3a23",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce multifactor authentication for Microsoft Purview users, especially, for users with privileged roles such as collection admins, data source admins or data curators.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "267b2258-6f4a-4165-8bdd-dea8a487cdec",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Entra ID to provide authentication and authorization to all users, security groups registered in Entra, service principal and managed identities inside collections in Microsoft Purview",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "4861bc3b-c14a-4eb7-b66e-8d9a3bec218e",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Define Least Privilege model and Lower exposure of privileged accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "6436b173-6db5-45f5-9960-3334bdf9cc23",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-private-link-end-to-end",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable<6C>end-to-end network isolation<6F>using Private Link Service. (Microsoft Purview Data Map)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "418db612-8126-4504-ab47-a393a0804272",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-private-link-end-to-end#firewalls-to-restrict-public-access",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use<73>Microsoft Purview Firewall<6C>to disable Public access. (Microsoft Purview Data Map)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "94798b15-78b2-419a-96ce-b54435135922",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-security#use-network-security-groups",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy<6F>Network Security Group (NSG) rules<65>for subnets where Azure data sources private endpoints, Microsoft Purview private endpoints and self-hosted runtime VMs are deployed. (Microsoft Purview Data Map)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "744293bb-6286-437a-9511-9b08e8f58543",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/firewall/overview",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement Microsoft Purview with private endpoints managed by a Network Virtual Appliance, such as<61>Azure Firewall<6C>for network inspection and network filtering. (Microsoft Purview Data Map)",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "This private endpoint is also a prerequisite for the portal private endpoint. The Microsoft Purview<65>portal<61>private endpoint is required to enable connectivity to Microsoft Purview governance portal using a private network. Microsoft Purview can scan data sources in Azure or an on-premises environment by using ingestion private endpoints. Limitations on using private endpoints https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-private-link-troubleshoot",
            "guid": "87e9cec1-66cd-4072-af9b-241a998a535e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-network",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy private endpoints for Microsoft Purview accounts to add another layer of security, so only client calls that are originated from within the virtual network are allowed to access the Microsoft Purview account",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-private-link-end-to-end#firewalls-to-restrict-public-access. Limitation to be reviewed: https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-private-link-troubleshoot",
            "guid": "b7bcdb3b-51eb-42ec-84ed-a6e59d8d9a2e",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Block public access using Microsoft Purview firewall",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "db217e67-6abf-4669-aa48-e5a96f2223ec",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/private-link/disable-private-endpoint-network-policy, https:/learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-security#use-network-security-groups",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Network Security Groups to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources in an Azure virtual network",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-security#apply-security-best-practices-for-self-hosted-runtime-vms",
            "guid": "e8cb1231-8ca5-4017-b158-e3fb3aa3c2de",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you have sensitive data that cannot leave the boundary of your on-prem vnet it is highly recommended to use SHIR VMs inside your corporate vnet to extract your metadata ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Metadata is extracted and stored in Microsoft Purview Data Map, if you are not using managed storage account for your Purview account they are open to be accessed by all so implement proper RBACs and retrict the access of Data to only intended users. Applicable to Accounts deployed after December 15, 2023 (or deployed using API version 2023-05-01-preview onwards",
            "guid": "7f3165c3-a87a-405b-9a20-9949bda47778",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure RBACs to restrict the access of your storage account (not managed by MS) only to intended users.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "f24d1167-85c2-4fa5-9c56-a948008be7d7",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data in rest is encrypted by microsoft managed keys",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "27f7b9e9-1be1-4f38-aff3-9812bd463cbb",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Data in transit is encrypted by TLS 1.3",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "bc8ac199-ebb9-41a4-9d90-dae2cc881370",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Always use Azure key vaults to store all credentials if not using managed identities or without password need methods",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "6f7c0cba-fe61-4465-add4-57e927139b82",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Prevent accidental deletion of Microsoft Purview accounts by applying resource Locks",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-collections#design-recommendations",
            "guid": "1102cac6-eae0-41e6-b842-e52f4722d928",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/role-based-access-control/security-emergency-access",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Plan for a break glass strategy for your Microsoft Entra tenant, Azure subscription and Microsoft Purview accounts to prevent tenant-wide account lockout.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "guid": "15f51296-5398-4e6d-bd23-7dd142b16c21",
            "service": "Microsoft Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Integrate with Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Defender for Cloud",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Separate admin accounts from normal user accounts.",
            "guid": "d7999a64-6f43-489a-af42-c78e78c06a73",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Define Least Privilege model and Lower exposure of privileged accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Azure Databricks supports Microsoft Entra ID conditional access, which allows administrators to control where and when users are permitted to sign in to Azure Databricks. Conditional access policies can restrict sign-in to your corporate network or can require multi-factor authentication (MFA).",
            "guid": "a22a4956-e7a8-4dc4-a20e-27c3e29711b1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/auth/#single-sign-on",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Configure single sign-on and unified login. Enable multi-factor authentication.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Customers can use the Token Management API or UI controls to enable or disable personal access tokens (PATs) for REST API authentication, limit the users who are allowed to use PATs, set the maximum lifetime for new tokens, and manage existing tokens. Highly-secure customers typically provision a maximum token lifetime for new tokens for a workspace. This feature requires the Premium pricing tier.",
            "guid": "352beee0-79b5-488d-bfc5-972cd4cd21b0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/admin/access-control/tokens",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use token management.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "If you have Databricks administrators who are also normal users of the Databricks platform (for example, there<72>s a lead data engineer who administers the platform and also does data engineering work), Databricks recommends creating a separate account for administrative tasks. It<49>s important to note that as part of the Azure RBAC model, users that are given Contributor or above permissions to the Resource Group for a deployed Azure Databricks workspace automatically become administrators when they login to that workspace. Therefore, the same considerations outlined above should be applied to Azure portal users too.",
            "guid": "77036e5e-6b4b-4fd3-b503-547c1447dc56",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Separate admin accounts from normal user accounts",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "SCIM (System for Cross-domain Identity Management) allows you to sync users and groups from Microsoft Entra ID to Azure Databricks. There are three major benefits of this approach: 1. When you remove a user, the user is automatically removed from Databricks. 2. Users can also be disabled temporarily via SCIM. Customers have used this capability for scenarios where customers believe that an account may be compromised and need to investigate 3. Groups are automatically synchronized Please refer to the documentation for detailed instructions on how to configure SCIM for Azure Databricks. This feature requires the Premium pricing tier",
            "guid": "028a71ff-f1ce-415d-b3f0-d5e872d42e36",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/admin/users-groups/scim/",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "SCIM synchronization of users and groups.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Using either cluster policies or the older cluster ACLs, admins can define what users or groups within the organization are able to create clusters. Cluster ACLs allow you to specify which users can attach a notebook to a given cluster. Note that if a user shares a notebook already attached to a standard mode cluster, the recipient will also be able to execute code on that cluster. This does not apply to clusters that enforce user isolation: SQL Warehouses, high concurrency with table ACLs clusters, and high concurrency with credential passthrough clusters. Customers who use Unity Catalog can also enable single-user clusters to enforce isolation clusters.",
            "guid": "11cc57b4-a4b1-4410-b43a-58a9c2289b3d",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Limit cluster creation rights.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Account admins can configure a workspace setting called RestrictWorkspaceAdmins to restrict workspace admins to only change a job owner to themselves and the job run as setting to a service principal that they have the Service Principal User role on.",
            "guid": "6b57dfc6-5546-41e1-a3e3-453a3c863964",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/admin/workspace-settings/restrict-workspace-admins",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Restrict workspace admins",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "It<49>s important to note that even if customers use Azure Key Vault to store their secrets, access controls still need to be defined within Azure Databricks. This is because the same service identity is used to retrieve the secret for all users of an Azure Databricks workspace.",
            "guid": "8b662d6c-15f5-4129-9539-8e6ded237dd1",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Store passwords, secrets in Azure Key Vault",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Clusters with user isolation include enforcement such that each user runs as a different non-privileged user account on the cluster host. Languages are also limited to those that can be implemented in an isolated manner (SQL and Python), and Spark APIs must be on an allowlist of those we believe to be isolation-safe.",
            "guid": "78c06a73-a22a-4495-9e7a-8dc4a20e27c3",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use clusters that support user isolation.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "It is against security best practices to tie production workloads to individual user accounts, and so we recommend configuring Service Principals within Databricks. Service Principles separate administrator and user actions from the workload and prevent workloads from being impacted if a user leaves an organization. With Databricks, you can configure jobs to run as service principals and generate Personal Access Tokens for Service Principals.",
            "guid": "e29711b1-352b-4eee-879b-588defc5972c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/auth/access-control/",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use service principals to run production jobs. Use proper access control for workspace level (ACLs), account level (RBACs) and data level (Unity catalog) security controls",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "By default, DBFS is a filesystem that is accessible to all users of the given workspace and can be accessed via API. This is not necessarily a major data exfiltration concern as you can limit access to accessing data via the DBFS API or Databricks  cli using IP access lists or private network access. However, as use of Azure Databricks grows and more users join a workspace, those users would have access to any data stored in DBFS, creating the potential for undesired information sharing. Databricks recommends that our customers do not store production data in DBFS.",
            "guid": "d4cd21b0-7703-46e5-b6b4-bfd3d503547c",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid storing production data in DBFS.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "For the storage accounts that you manage, it is your responsibility to ensure that the storage accounts are protected according to your requirements. Examples might include:  Encryption with your customer-managed key, Restrict access to trusted networks with a storage firewall, Anonymous public access is not allowed",
            "guid": "1447dc56-028a-471f-bf1c-e15dd3f0d5e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/keys/customer-managed-keys",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt storage and restrict access.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Add a customer-managed key for select data stored within the Azure Databricks control plane, such as notebooks, secrets, Databricks SQL queries, and Databricks SQL query history and  for the root storage account used for DBFS. Azure Databricks requires access to this key for ongoing operations. You can revoke access to the key to prevent Azure Databricks from accessing encrypted data within the control plane (or in our backups). This is like a <20>nuclear option<6F> where the workspace ceases to function, but it provides an emergency control for extreme situations. This feature requires the Premium pricing tier.",
            "guid": "72d42e36-11cc-457b-9a4b-1410e43a58a9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/keys/customer-managed-keys",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add a customer-managed key for managed services and workspace storage",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Configure IP access lists that restrict the IP addresses that can authenticate to Databricks at account console and workspace level by checking if the user or API client is coming from a known good IP address range such as a VPN or office network. Established user sessions do not work if the user moves to a bad IP address, such as when disconnecting from the VPN. ",
            "guid": "277de183-b1ac-4252-a9a9-b64608489a8f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/front-end/ip-access-list",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable IP access lists to restrict access to certain IP addresses.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces",
            "checklist": "Data Security review checklist",
            "description": "Azure Private Link provides a private network route from one Azure environment to another. Private Link can be configured both between Azure Databricks users and the control plane, and also between the control plane and the data plane. Between Databricks users and the control plane, Private Link provides strong controls that limit the source for inbound requests. If a company already routes traffic through an Azure environment, they can use Private Link so that the communication between users and the Azure Databricks control plane does not traverse public IP addresses. This feature requires the Premium pricing tier. Use Azure Private Link to connect from Azure Databricks to your Azure resources. Not only does Private Link ensure",
            "guid": "82db8eb9-d1ba-473b-86a5-a57eba8dd4b3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/classic/private-link",
            "service": "Databricks",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure and use Azure Private Link to access Azure resources.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/provisioningServices",
            "checklist": "Device Provisioning Service Review",
            "guid": "cb26b2ba-a9db-45d1-8260-d9c6ec1447d9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/logic-apps/single-tenant-overview-compare",
            "service": "IoT Hub DPS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Select the right Logic App hosting plan based on your business & SLO requirements",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/provisioningServices",
            "checklist": "Device Provisioning Service Review",
            "guid": "f6dd7977-1123-4f39-b488-f91415a8430a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/logic-apps/set-up-zone-redundancy-availability-zones?tabs=standard#next-steps",
            "service": "IoT Hub DPS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Protect logic apps from region failures with zone redundancy and availability zones",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/provisioningServices",
            "checklist": "Device Provisioning Service Review",
            "guid": "8aed4fbf-0830-4883-899d-222a154af478",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/logic-apps/business-continuity-disaster-recovery-guidance?toc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Ftoc.json&bc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json",
            "service": "IoT Hub DPS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider a Cross-Region DR strategy for critical workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/provisioningServices",
            "checklist": "Device Provisioning Service Review",
            "guid": "da0f033e-d180-4f36-9aa4-c468dba14203",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/environment/intro",
            "service": "IoT Hub DPS",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If deploying to an Isolated environment, use or migrate to App Service Environment (ASE) v3",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/provisioningServices",
            "checklist": "Device Provisioning Service Review",
            "guid": "62711604-c9d1-4b0a-bdb7-5fda54a4f6c1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/deploy-azure-functions/",
            "service": "IoT Hub DPS",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Azure DevOps or GitHub to streamline CI/CD and safeguard your Logic App code",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/deviceUpdateServices",
            "checklist": "Device Update Review",
            "guid": "0e03f5ee-4648-423c-bb86-7239480f9171",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-dps/iot-dps-ha-dr#high-availability",
            "service": "Device Update for IoT Hub",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones if regionally applicable (this is automatically enabled).",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/deviceUpdateServices",
            "checklist": "Device Update Review",
            "guid": "c0c273bd-00ad-419a-9f2f-fc72fb181e55",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-dps/iot-dps-ha-dr#high-availability",
            "service": "Device Update for IoT Hub",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Be aware of Microsoft-initiated failovers. These are exercised by Microsoft in rare situations to fail over all the DPS instances from an affected region to the corresponding geo-paired region.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/deviceUpdateServices",
            "checklist": "Device Update Review",
            "guid": "3af8abe6-07eb-4287-b393-6c4abe3702eb",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/logic-apps/business-continuity-disaster-recovery-guidance?toc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Ftoc.json&bc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json",
            "service": "Device Update for IoT Hub",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider a Cross-Region DR strategy for critical workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/deviceUpdateServices",
            "checklist": "Device Update Review",
            "guid": "bd91245c-fe32-4e98-a085-794a40f4bfe1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/environment/intro",
            "service": "Device Update for IoT Hub",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If deploying to an Isolated environment, use or migrate to App Service Environment (ASE) v3",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Azure Event Hub provides encryption of data at rest. If you use your own key, the data is still encrypted using the Microsoft-managed key, but in addition the Microsoft-managed key will be encrypted using the customer-managed key. ",
            "guid": "7aaf12e7-b94e-4f6e-847d-2d92981b1cd6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/configure-customer-managed-key",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.EventHub/namespaces' | extend SkuName = tostring(sku.name) | extend EncryptionEnabled = iif(isnotempty(properties.encryption.keySource), 'Enabled', 'Disabled') | extend compliant = iif(EncryptionEnabled == 'Enabled', true, false) | project name, resourceGroup, location, SkuName, EncryptionEnabled, compliant | where SkuName == 'Premium'",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use customer-managed key option in data at rest encryption when required",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/plan-implement-administer-conditional-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Azure Event Hubs namespaces permit clients to send and receive data with TLS 1.0 and above. To enforce stricter security measures, you can configure your Event Hubs namespace to require that clients send and receive data with a newer version of TLS. If an Event Hubs namespace requires a minimum version of TLS, then any requests made with an older version will fail. ",
            "guid": "d2f54b29-769e-43a6-a0e7-828ac936657e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/transport-layer-security-configure-minimum-version",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.EventHub/namespaces' | extend MinimumTlsVersion = tostring(properties.minimumTlsVersion) | extend compliant = iif(MinimumTlsVersion == '1.2' or MinimumTlsVersion == '1.3', true, false) | project name, resourceGroup, location, MinimumTlsVersion, compliant",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce a minimum required version of Transport Layer Security (TLS) for requests ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/secure-aad-users-with-mfa/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "When you create an Event Hubs namespace, a policy rule named RootManageSharedAccessKey is automatically created for the namespace. This policy has manage permissions for the entire namespace. It<49>s recommended that you treat this rule like an administrative root account and don<6F>t use it in your application. Using AAD as an authentication provider with RBAC is recommended. ",
            "guid": "13b0f566-4b1e-4944-a459-837ee79d6c6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/authorize-access-shared-access-signature#shared-access-authorization-policies",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Avoid using root account when it is not necessary",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/azure-administrator-manage-identities-governance/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Managed identities for Azure resources can authorize access to Event Hubs resources using Azure AD credentials from applications running in Azure Virtual Machines (VMs), Function apps, Virtual Machine Scale Sets, and other services. By using managed identities for Azure resources together with Azure AD authentication, you can avoid storing credentials with your applications that run in the cloud. ",
            "guid": "3a365a5c-7acb-4e48-abd5-4cd79f2e8776",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/authenticate-managed-identity?tabs=latest",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When possible, your application should be using a managed identity to authenticate to Azure Event Hub. If not, consider having the storage credential (SAS, service principal credential) in Azure Key Vault or an equivalent service",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-ad-privileged-identity-management/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "When creating permissions, provide fine-grained control over a client's access to Azure Event Hub. Permissions in Azure Event Hub can and should be scoped to the individual resource level e.g. consumer group, event hub entity, event hub namespaces, etc.",
            "guid": "8357c559-675c-45ee-a5b8-6ad8844ce3b2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/authorize-access-azure-active-directory#azure-built-in-roles-for-azure-event-hubs",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use least privilege data plane RBAC",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/explore-basic-services-identity-types/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Azure Event Hub resource logs include operational logs, virtual network and Kafka logs. Runtime audit logs capture aggregated diagnostic information for all data plane access operations (such as send or receive events) in Event Hubs.",
            "guid": "b38b875b-a1cf-4104-a900-3a4d3ce474db",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/monitor-event-hubs-reference",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable logging for security investigation. Use Azure Monitor to captured metrics and logs such as resource logs, runtime audit logs and Kafka logs",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/manage-identity-and-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Azure Event Hub by default has a public IP address and is Internet-reachable. Private endpoints allow traffic between your virtual network and Azure Event Hub traverses over the Microsoft backbone network. In addition to that, you should disable public endpoints if those are not used. ",
            "guid": "5abca2a4-eda1-4dae-8cc9-5d48c6b791dc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/private-link-service",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using private endpoints to access Azure Event Hub and disable public network access when applicable.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-ad-privileged-identity-management/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "With IP firewall, you can restrict public endpoint further to only a set of IPv4 addresses or IPv4 address ranges in CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation. ",
            "guid": "a0e6c465-89e5-458b-a37d-3974d1112dbd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/event-hubs-ip-filtering",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider only allowing access to Azure Event Hub namespace from specific IP addresses or ranges",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "guid": "31d41e36-11c8-417b-8afb-c410d4391898",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/fta-resiliencyplaybooks/blob/main/paas-foundations-playbooks-AEH_v1.docx",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage FTA Resillency HandBook",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": " This will be turned on automatically for a new EH namespace created from the portal with Premium, Dedicated, or Standard SKUs in a zone-enabled region. Both the EH metadata and the event data itself are replicated across zones",
            "guid": "f15bce21-9e4a-40eb-9787-9424d226786d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/event-hubs-premium-overview#high-availability-with-availability-zones",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.EventHub/namespaces' | extend zoneRedundant = tobool(properties.zoneRedundant) | extend compliant = iff(zoneRedundant == true, true, false) | project name, resourceGroup, zoneRedundant, compliant",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones if regionally applicable",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "guid": "20b56c56-ad58-4519-8f82-735c586bb281",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/compare-tiers",
            "query": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.EventHub/namespaces' | extend sku = tostring(sku.name) | extend compliant = iff(sku == 'Premium', true, false) | project name, resourceGroup, location, sku, compliant",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the Premium or Dedicated SKUs   for predicable performance",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "The built-in geo-disaster recovery feature, when enabled, ensures that the entire configuration of anamespace (Event Hubs, Consumer Groups and settings) is continuously replicated from a primary namespace to a secondary namespace, and it allows a once-only failover move from the primary to the secondary at any time. Active/Passive feature is designed to make it easier to recover from and abandon a failed Azure region without having to change application configurations",
            "guid": "dc15a1c0-75ee-49f1-90ac-ccd579376bcd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/event-hubs-geo-dr?tabs=portal",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Plan for Geo Disaster Recovery using Active Passive configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "description": "Should be used for DR configurations where an outage or loss of event data in the downed region cannot be tolerated. For these cases, follow the replication guidance and do not use the built-in geo-disaster recovery capability (active/passive). With Active/Active, Maintain multiple Event Hubs in different regions and namespaces, and events will be replicated between the hubs",
            "guid": "6e31b67d-67ba-4591-89c0-9e805d597c7e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/event-hubs/event-hubs-federation-overview",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For Business Critical Applications, use Active Active configuration",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.eventhub/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Azure Event Hub Review",
            "guid": "9ced16ad-d186-4f0a-a241-a999a68af77c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/serverless/event-hubs-functions/resilient-design",
            "service": "Event Hubs",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Design Resilient Event Hubs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "bb235c70-5e17-496f-bedf-a8a4c8cdec4c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity-platform/msal-acquire-cache-tokens",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use long-live revocable token, cache your token and acquire your silently using Microsoft Identity Library",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "503547c1-447e-4c66-828a-71f0f1ce16dd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory-b2c/deploy-custom-policies-devops",
            "service": "AAD B2C",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Make sure that your sign-in user flows are backed up and resilient. Make sure that the code that you use to sign-in your users are backed up and recoverable. Resilient interfaces with external processes",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "3e3553a4-c873-4964-ab66-2d6c15f51296",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/architecture/resilient-end-user-experience#use-a-content-delivery-network",
            "service": "AAD B2C",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Custom brand assets should be hosted on a CDN",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "5398e6df-d237-4de1-93b1-6c21d79a9b64",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/monitoring-health/reference-sla-performance",
            "service": "AAD B2C",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Have multiple identiy providers (i.e., login with your microsoft, google, facebook accounts)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "604489a8-f42d-478e-98c0-7a73b22a4a57",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/setting-up-active-directory-for-a-disaster-recovery-environment-2/",
            "service": "Windows AD",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow VM rules for high availability on the VM level (premium disks, two or more in a region, in different availability zones)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "e7a8dd4a-30e3-47c3-b297-11b2362ceee0",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/setting-up-active-directory-for-a-disaster-recovery-environment-2/",
            "service": "Windows AD",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Don't replicate! Replication can create issues with directory synchronization",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "79b598de-fc59-472c-b4cd-21b078036f5e",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/setting-up-active-directory-for-a-disaster-recovery-environment-2/",
            "service": "Windows AD",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Have active-active for multi-regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "6b4bfd3d-5035-447c-8447-ec66128a71f0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/domain-services/tutorial-perform-disaster-recovery-drill",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add Azure AD Domain service stamps to additional regions and locations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Identity Review Checklist",
            "guid": "f1ce16dd-3f1d-45e8-92e4-2e3611cc58b4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/entra/identity/domain-services/tutorial-perform-disaster-recovery-drill",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Replica Sets for DR",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/IotHubs",
            "checklist": "IoT Hub Review",
            "guid": "ac1d6380-f866-4bbd-a9b4-b1ee5d7908b8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-ha-dr#availability-zones",
            "service": "IoT",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage  Availability Zones if regionally applicable (this is automatically enabled)",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/IotHubs",
            "checklist": "IoT Hub Review",
            "guid": "35f651e8-0124-4ef7-8c57-658e38609e6e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-ha-dr#microsoft-initiated-failover",
            "service": "IoT",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Be aware of Microsoft-initiated failovers. These are exercised by Microsoft in rare situations to fail over all the IoT hubs from an affected region to the corresponding geo-paired region.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/IotHubs",
            "checklist": "IoT Hub Review",
            "guid": "4ed3e490-dc06-4a1e-b467-5d0239d85540",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-ha-dr#cross-region-dr",
            "service": "IoT",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider a Cross-Region DR strategy for critical workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/IotHubs",
            "checklist": "IoT Hub Review",
            "guid": "a11ecab0-db47-46f7-9aa7-17764e7e45a1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-ha-dr#microsoft-initiated-failover",
            "service": "IoT",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Learn how to trigger a manual failover.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Devices/IotHubs",
            "checklist": "IoT Hub Review",
            "guid": "f9db8dfb-1194-460b-aedd-34dd6a69db22",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-ha-dr#failback",
            "service": "IoT",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Learn how to fail back after a failover.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "6d37a33b-531c-4a91-871a-b69d8044f04e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's best practices such as isolation recommendations, access control, data protection, backup, and logging.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "7ba4d380-7b9e-4a8b-a0c3-2d8e49c11872",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/disaster-recovery-guidance",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Key Vault is a managed service and Microsoft will handle the failover within and across region. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's availability and redundancy.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "17fb86a2-eb45-42a4-9c34-52b92a2a1842",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/disaster-recovery-guidance#data-replication",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "The contents of your key vault are replicated within the region and to a secondary region at least 150 miles away, but within the same geography to maintain high durability of your keys and secrets. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's data replication.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "614682ca-6e0c-4f34-9f03-c6d3f2b99a32",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/disaster-recovery-guidance#failover-across-regions",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "During failover, access policy or firewall configurations and settings can't be changed. The key vault will be in read-only mode during failover. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's failover guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "9ef2b0d2-3206-4c94-b47a-4f07e6a1c509",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/backup?tabs=azure-cli#design-considerations",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When you back up a key vault object, such as a secret, key, or certificate, the backup operation will download the object as an encrypted blob. This blob can't be decrypted outside of Azure. To get usable data from this blob, you must restore the blob into a key vault within the same Azure subscription and Azure geography. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's backup and restore guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "2df045b1-c0f6-47d3-9a9b-99cf6999684e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/soft-delete-overview",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you want protection against accidental or malicious deletion of your secrets, configure soft-delete and purge protection features on your key vault.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "cbfa96b0-5249-4e6f-947c-d0e79509708c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/soft-delete-overview",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Key Vault's soft-deleted resources are retained for a set period of 90 calendar days. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's soft-delete guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "e8659d11-7e02-4db0-848c-c6541dbab68c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/backup?tabs=azure-cli#limitations",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Understand Key Vault's backup limitations. Key Vault does not support the ability to backup more than 500 past versions of a key, secret, or certificate object. Attempting to backup a key, secret, or certificate object may result in an error. It is not possible to delete previous versions of a key, secret, or certificate.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "45c25e29-d0ef-4f07-aa04-0f8c64cbcc04",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/backup?tabs=azure-cli#limitations",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Key Vault doesn't currently provide a way to back up an entire key vault in a single operation and keys, secrets and certitificates must be backup indvidually. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's backup and restore guidance.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "guid": "0f15640b-31e5-4de6-85a7-d2c652fa09d3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/soft-delete-overview#purge-protection",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Purge protection is recommended when using keys for encryption to prevent data loss. Purge protection is an optional Key Vault behavior and is not enabled by default. Purge protection can only be enabled once soft-delete is enabled. It can be turned on via CLI, PowerShell or Portal.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
            "checklist": "Azure Key Vault",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'microsoft.keyvault/vaults' | extend compliant = (properties.enableRbacAuthorization == true) | distinct id, compliant",
            "guid": "d0642c1c-312b-4116-94ab-439e1c836819",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/rbac-guide?tabs=azure-cli",
            "service": "Key Vault",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "RBAC is recommended to control access to your key vault. Familiarize yourself with the Key Vault's access control guidance.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Logic Apps checklist",
            "guid": "3b7a56de-5020-4642-b3cb-c976e80b6d6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/logic-apps/single-tenant-overview-compare",
            "service": "Logic Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Select the right Logic App hosting plan based on your business & SLO requirements",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Logic Apps checklist",
            "guid": "3d7008bd-6bc1-4b03-8aa8-ec2a3b55786a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/logic-apps/set-up-zone-redundancy-availability-zones?tabs=standard#next-steps",
            "service": "Logic Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Protect logic apps from region failures with zone redundancy and availability zones",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Logic Apps checklist",
            "guid": "1cda768f-a206-445d-8234-56f6a6e7286e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/logic-apps/business-continuity-disaster-recovery-guidance?toc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Ftoc.json&bc=%2Fazure%2Freliability%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json",
            "service": "Logic Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider a Cross-Region DR strategy for critical workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Logic Apps checklist",
            "guid": "82118ec5-ed6f-4c68-9471-eb0da98a1b34",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/app-service/environment/intro",
            "service": "Logic Apps",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If deploying to an Isolated environment, use or migrate to App Service Environment (ASE) v3",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Web/sites",
            "checklist": "Logic Apps checklist",
            "guid": "74275fa5-9e08-4c7e-b096-13b538fe1501",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/deploy-azure-functions/",
            "service": "Logic Apps",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Azure DevOps or GitHub to streamline CI/CD and safeguard your Logic App code",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforMySQL/servers",
            "checklist": "MySQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "388c3e25-e800-4ad2-9df3-f3d6ae1050b7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/mysql/flexible-server/overview",
            "service": "Azure MySQL",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Flexible Server",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforMySQL/servers",
            "checklist": "MySQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "de3aad1e-8c38-4ec9-9666-7313c005674b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/mysql/flexible-server/overview#high-availability-within-and-across-availability-zones",
            "service": "Azure MySQL",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones where regionally applicable",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforMySQL/servers",
            "checklist": "MySQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "1e944a45-9c37-43e7-bd61-623b365a917e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/mysql/flexible-server/overview#setup-hybrid-or-multi-cloud-data-synchronization-with-data-in-replication",
            "service": "Azure MySQL",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Data-in replication for cross-region DR scenarios",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/applicationgateways' | project id, compliant = properties.sku.name in ('Standard_v2', 'WAF_v2') | project id,compliant",
            "guid": "553585a6-abe0-11ed-afa1-0242ac120002",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/overview-v2",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure you are using Application Gateway v2 SKU",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/loadbalancers' | project id, compliant=(tolower(sku.name) == 'standard')",
            "guid": "4e35fbf5-0ae2-48b2-97ce-753353edbd1a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-overview",
            "service": "Load Balancer",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure you are using the Standard SKU for your Azure Load Balancers",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "9432621a-8397-4654-a882-5bc856b7ef83",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-standard-availability-zones",
            "service": "Load Balancer",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure your Load Balancers frontend IP addresses are zone-redundant (unless you require zonal frontends).",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/applicationgateways' | extend subnetId = tostring(properties.gatewayIPConfigurations[0].properties.subnet.id) | project id, subnetId | join (resources | where type=='microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | project id,subnets=properties.subnets | mv-expand subnets | mv-expand subnets.properties.addressPrefixes | project id, subnetId = tostring(subnets.id), prefix1 = subnets.properties.addressPrefix, prefix2 = subnets.properties.addressPrefixes | mv-expand prefix2 | extend prefix = iff(isnotnull(prefix1), prefix1, prefix2) | extend subnetPrefixLength = split(prefix, '/')[1])on subnetId | extend compliant = (subnetPrefixLength <= 24 or subnetPrefixLength == 64) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "dfc50f87-3800-424c-937b-ed5f186e7c15",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/configuration-infrastructure#size-of-the-subnet",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Your Application Gateways v2 should be deployed in subnets with IP prefixes equal or larger than /24",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "description": "Administration of reverse proxies in general and WAF in particular is closer to the application than to networking, so they belong in the same subscription as the app. Centralizing the Application Gateway and WAF in the connectivity subscription might be OK if it is managed by one single team.",
            "guid": "48b662d6-d15f-4512-a654-98f6dfe237de",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy Azure Application Gateway v2 or partner NVAs used for proxying inbound HTTP(S) connections within the landing-zone virtual network and with the apps that they're securing.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "f109e1f3-c79b-4f14-82de-6b5c22314d08",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/tutorial-protect-application-gateway-ddos",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a DDoS Network or IP protection plans for all Public IP addresses in application landing zones.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/applicationGateways' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.autoscaleConfiguration) and properties.autoscaleConfiguration.minCapacity >= 2) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "135bf4ac-f9db-461f-b76b-2ee9e30b12c0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/application-gateway-autoscaling-zone-redundant",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure autoscaling with a minimum amount of instances of two.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/applicationGateways' | extend compliant = (isnotnull(zones) and array_length(zones) > 1) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "060c6964-52b5-48db-af8b-83e4b2d85349",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/migrate-app-gateway-v2",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy Application Gateway across Availability Zones",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/frontdoors",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "3f29812b-2363-4cef-b179-b599de0d5973",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-overview",
            "service": "Front Door",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Front Door and Application Gateway to help protect HTTP/S apps, use WAF policies in Front Door. Lock down Application Gateway to receive traffic only from Front Door.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/trafficManagerProfiles",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "cd4cd21b-0881-437f-9e6c-4cfd3e504547",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "Traffic Manager",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Traffic Manager to deliver global apps that span protocols other than HTTP/S.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "3b4b3e88-a459-4ed5-a22f-644dfbc58204",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy#how-application-proxy-works",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If users only need access to internal applications, has Microsoft Entra ID Application Proxy been considered as an alternative to Azure Virtual Desktop (AVD)?",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/configure-azure-ad-application-proxy/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "01ca7cf1-5754-442d-babb-8ba6772e5c30",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/app-proxy/application-proxy#how-application-proxy-works",
            "service": "Entra",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "To reduce the number of firewall ports open for incoming connections in your network, consider using Microsoft Entra ID Application Proxy to give remote users secure and authenticated access to internal applications.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-applications-external-access-azure-ad/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type=='microsoft.network/loadbalancers' | extend countOutRules=array_length(properties.outboundRules) | extend compliant = (countOutRules == 0) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "97a2fd46-64b0-1dfa-b72d-9c8869496d75",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/nat-gateway/nat-overview#outbound-connectivity",
            "service": "Load Balancer",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure NAT Gateway instead of Load Balancer outbound rules for better SNAT scalability",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/applicationgatewaywebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | mv-expand properties.managedRules.managedRuleSets | project id, rulesettype = properties_managedRules_managedRuleSets.ruleSetType | extend compliant1 = (rulesettype == 'Microsoft_BotManagerRuleSet') | project id, compliant1 | summarize compliant = max(compliant1) by id",
            "guid": "2f8e81eb-8e68-4026-8b1f-70f9b05f7cf9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/bot-protection",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable the Azure Application Gateway WAF bot protection rule set. The bot rules detect good and bad bots.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/applicationgatewaywebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties['policySettings']['requestBodyCheck'] == 'true' and properties['policySettings']['state'] =~ 'Enabled') | distinct id, name, compliant",
            "guid": "8ea8e0d4-84e8-4b33-aeab-493f6391b4d6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/application-gateway-waf-request-size-limits#request-body-inspection",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure if request body inspection feature is enabled in Azure Application Gateway WAF policy.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "a4dd86d3-5ffa-408c-b660-cce073d085b8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#tune-your-waf",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Tune the Azure Application Gateway WAF in detection mode for your workload. Reduce false positive detections.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "ammp": true,
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/applicationgatewaywebapplicationfirewallpolicies' | extend compliant = (properties['policySettings']['mode'] =~ 'Prevention')| where properties['policySettings']['mode'] =~ 'Prevention' | distinct id, name, compliant",
            "guid": "baf8e317-2397-4d49-b3d1-0dcc16d8778d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/policy-overview?source=recommendations",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy your WAF policy for Application Gateway in 'Prevention' mode.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "43fae595-8a32-4299-a69e-0f32c454dcc9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/rate-limiting-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add rate limiting to the Azure Application Gateway WAF. Rate limiting blocks clients accidentally or intentionally sending large amounts of traffic in a short period of time.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "041e0ad8-7b12-4694-a0b7-a0e25ee2470f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/rate-limiting-overview#rate-limiting-details",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a high threshold for Azure Application Gateway WAF rate limits. High rate limit thresholds avoid blocking legitimate traffic, while still providing protection against extremely high numbers of requests that might overwhelm your infrastructure. ",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "99937189-ff78-492a-b9ca-18d828d82b37",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#geo-filtering-best-practices",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If you are not expecting traffic from all geographical regions, use geo-filters to block traffic from non-expected countries.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "349a15c1-52f4-4319-9078-3895d95ecafd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/geomatch-custom-rules",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Specify the unknown (ZZ) location when geo-filtering traffic with the Azure Application Gateway WAF. Avoid accidentally blocking legitimate requests when IP addresses can't be geo-matched.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "6c19dfd5-a61c-436c-9001-491b9b3d0228",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#use-the-latest-ruleset-versions",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use the latest Azure Application Gateway WAF rule set version. Rule set updates are regularly updated to take account of the current threat landscape.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "f84106a2-2e9e-42ac-add6-d3416ecfed53",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#add-diagnostic-settings-to-save-your-wafs-logs",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Add diagnostic settings to save your Azure Application Gateway WAF logs.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "92664c60-47e3-4591-8b1b-8d557656e686",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#send-logs-to-microsoft-sentinel",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Send Azure Application Gateway WAF logs to Microsoft Sentinel.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "ba0e9b26-6e0d-4ec8-8541-023c00afd5b7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/best-practices#define-your-waf-configuration-as-code",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Define your Azure Application Gateway WAF configuration as code. By using code, you can more easily adopt new rule set version and gain additional protection.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "f17ec301-8470-4afd-aabc-c1fdfe47dcc0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/policy-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use WAF Policies instead of the legacy WAF configuration.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "d4eb8667-f8cb-4cdd-94e6-2f967ba98f88",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-secured-hub-app-gateway",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Filter inbound traffic in the backends so that they only accept connections from the Application Gateway subnet, for example with NSGs.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "graph": "resources | where type == 'microsoft.network/applicationgateways'| extend compliant = (properties['backendHttpSettingsCollection'][0]['properties']['port'] =~ '443') |where properties['backendHttpSettingsCollection'][0]['properties']['port'] =~ '443'|distinct id,name,compliant",
            "guid": "a66f0fd8-2ca4-422e-8df3-235148127ca2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/ssl-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "You should encrypt traffic to the backend servers.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "3dba65cb-834d-44d8-a3ca-a6aa2f1587be",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "You should use a Web Application Firewall.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "0158fcb6-0bc1-4687-832f-cc7c359c22d2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/redirect-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Redirect HTTP to HTTPS",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "bb697864-1b4c-43af-8667-90cc69aaed5f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/how-application-gateway-works#modifications-to-the-request",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use gateway-managed cookies to direct traffic from a user session to the same server for processing",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "ff353ad8-15fb-4ae8-9fc5-a85a36d36a35",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/configuration-http-settings",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable connection draining during planned service updates to prevent connection loss to existing members of the backend pool",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "c8741f03-45a4-4183-a6b8-139e0773b8b5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/custom-error",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Create custom error pages to display a personalized user experience",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "f850d46f-f5d7-4b17-b48c-a780741402e1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/rewrite-http-headers-url",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Edit HTTP requests and response headers for easier routing and information exchange between the client and server",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "eadc3164-4a0f-461c-85f1-1a372c04dfd1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/front-door-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure Front Door to optimize global web traffic routing and top-tier end-user performance, and reliability through quick global failover",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "29dcc19f-a8fa-4c35-8281-290577538793",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use transport layer load balancing",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "276898c1-af5e-4819-9e8e-049c7801ab9d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/multiple-site-overview",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure routing based on host or domain name for multiple web applications on a single gateway",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "5fe365b6-58e8-47ed-a8cf-5163850380a2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/create-ssl-portal",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Centralize SSL certificate management to reduce encryption and decryption overhead from a backend server farm",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.network/applicationGateways",
            "checklist": "Azure Application Delivery Networking",
            "guid": "fa64b4dd-35c2-4047-ac5c-45dfbf8b0db9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/application-gateway/application-gateway-websocket",
            "service": "App Gateway",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Application Gateway for native support for WebSocket and HTTP/2 protocols",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforPostgreSQL/servers",
            "checklist": "PostgreSQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "65285269-441c-44bf-9d3e-0844276d4bdc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/postgresql/flexible-server/overview",
            "service": "PostgreSQL",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Flexible Server",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforPostgreSQL/servers",
            "checklist": "PostgreSQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "016ccf31-ae5a-41eb-9888-9535e227896d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/postgresql/flexible-server/overview#architecture-and-high-availability",
            "service": "PostgreSQL",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones where regionally applicable",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.DBforPostgreSQL/servers",
            "checklist": "PostgreSQL Review Checklist",
            "guid": "31b67c67-be59-4519-8083-845d587cb391",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/postgresql/single-server/concepts-business-continuity#cross-region-read-replicas",
            "service": "PostgreSQL",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage cross-region read replicas for BCDR",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "1fc2fc14-eea6-4e69-b8d9-a3edc218e687",
            "link": "https://polite-sea-0995b240f.2.azurestaticapps.net/technical-delivery-playbook/azure-services/analytics/purview/",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage FTA Resillency Handbook",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "ab067acb-49e5-4b96-8332-4ecf8cc13318",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Plan for Data Center level outage",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "description": "1. Create the new account 2. Migrate configuration items 3. Run scans 4. Migrate custom typedefs and custom assets 5. Migrate relationships 6. Migrate glossary terms 7. Assign classifications to assets 8. Assign contacts to assets",
            "guid": "da611702-69f4-4fb4-aa3d-3ef7f3176c4b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Practice Failover for BCDR",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "97b15b8a-219a-44ab-bb57-879024d22678",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Plan a backup strategy and take regular backups",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "6d20b56c-56a9-4581-89bf-8d8e5c586b7d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/manage-kafka-dotnet",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Microsoft Purview's Event Hubs to subscribe and create entities to another account",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "8cdc15ac-c075-4ee9-a130-a8889579e76b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/deployment-best-practices",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Purview accounts architectures and deployment best practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "896e710a-7da7-4be9-a56d-14d3c49d997c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-collections",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Collection Architectures and best practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "b3d1325a-a225-4c6f-9e06-85edddea8a4b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-asset-lifecycle",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Assest lifecycle best practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "7cdeb3c6-1fc2-4fc1-9eea-6e69d8d9a3ed",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-automation",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow automation best practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "c218e687-ab06-47ac-a49e-5b9603324ecf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/disaster-recovery",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Backup and Migration Best practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "8cc13318-da61-4170-869f-4fb4aa3d3ef7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-glossary",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Purview Glossary Best Practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "f3176c4b-97b1-45b8-a219-a4abeb578790",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-workflow",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Leverage Workflows ",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "24d22678-6d20-4b56-a56a-958119bf8d8e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-security",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Purview Security Best Practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "5c586b7d-8cdc-415a-ac07-5ee9b130a888",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-lineage-azure-data-factory",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Purview Data Lineage Best Practices",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "9579e76b-896e-4710-a7da-7be9956d14d3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-scanning",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Best Practices for Scanning Registered Sources",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "c49d997c-b3d1-4325-aa22-5c6f4e0685ed",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-best-practices-classification",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Classification Best Practices in Governance Portal",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "ddea8a4b-7cde-4b3c-91fc-2fc14eea6e69",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/sensitivity-labels-frequently-asked-questions",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Perform Sensitivity Labelling in the Purview Data Map",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "d8d9a3ed-c218-4e68-9ab0-67acb49e5b96",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-data-share",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Leverage Azure Storage in-place data sharing with Microsoft Purview",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "03324ecf-8cc1-4331-ada6-1170269f4fb4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-insights",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Leverage Data Estate Insights",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "aa3d3ef7-f317-46c4-a97b-15b8a219a4ab",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/catalog-adoption-insights",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Data stewardship and Catalog adoption",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "eb578790-24d2-4267-a6d2-0b56c56a9581",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-insights",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Inventory and Ownership",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "19bf8d8e-5c58-46b7-b8cd-c15acc075ee9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/glossary-insights",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Leverage Insights for Glossary, Classifications, Sensitivity Labels",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "b130a888-9579-4e76-a896-e710a7da7be9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/compliance-manager",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Generate assessment scores",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "956d14d3-c49d-4997-ab3d-1325aa225c6f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/compliance-manager-scoring",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Profiling- get summaries of data content",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "4e0685ed-ddea-48a4-a7cd-eb3c61fc2fc1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-policies-data-owner#microsoft-purview-policy-concepts",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Follow Microsoft Purview Data Owner access policies",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "4eea6e69-d8d9-4a3e-bc21-8e687ab067ac",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-self-service-data-access-policy",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Follow Self-service access policies",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Purview/accounts",
            "checklist": "Microsoft Purview Review Checklist",
            "guid": "b49e5b96-0332-44ec-b8cc-13318da61170",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/purview/concept-policies-devops",
            "service": "Purview",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Follow DevOps policies",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.cache/redis",
            "checklist": "Redis Resiliency checklist",
            "guid": "65285269-440b-44be-9d3e-0844276d4bdc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-cache-for-redis/cache-how-to-zone-redundancy",
            "service": "Redis",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enable zone redundancy for Azure Cache for Redis. Azure Cache for Redis supports zone redundant configurations in the Premium and Enterprise tiers. A zone redundant cache can place its nodes across different Azure Availability Zones in the same region. It eliminates data center or AZ outage as a single point of failure and increases the overall availability of your cache.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.cache/redis",
            "checklist": "Redis Resiliency checklist",
            "guid": "bc178bdc-5a06-4ca7-8443-51e19dd34429",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-cache-for-redis/cache-high-availability#persistence",
            "service": "Redis",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure data persistence for an Azure Cache for Redis instance. Because your cache data is stored in memory, a rare and unplanned failure of multiple nodes can cause all the data to be dropped. To avoid losing data completely, Redis persistence allows you to take periodic snapshots of in-memory data, and store it to your storage account.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.cache/redis",
            "checklist": "Redis Resiliency checklist",
            "guid": "eb722823-7a15-41c5-ab4e-4f1814387e5c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-cache-for-redis/cache-high-availability#storage-account-for-persistence",
            "service": "Redis",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Geo-redundant storage account to persist Azure Cache for Redis data, or zonally redundant where geo-redundancy is not available",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "microsoft.cache/redis",
            "checklist": "Redis Resiliency checklist",
            "guid": "a8c26c9b-32ab-45bd-bc69-98a135e33789",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-cache-for-redis/cache-how-to-geo-replication",
            "service": "Redis",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Configure passive geo-replication for Premium Azure Cache for Redis instances. Geo-replication is a mechanism for linking two or more Azure Cache for Redis instances, typically spanning two Azure regions. Geo-replication is designed mainly for cross-region disaster recovery. Two Premium tier cache instances are connected through geo-replication in a way that provides reads and writes to your primary cache, and that data is replicated to the secondary cache.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Automatic instance repairs ensure that unhealthy instances are promptly identified and replaced, maintaining a set of healthy instances within your scale set.",
            "guid": "7e13c105-675c-41e9-95b4-59837ff7ae7c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/virtual-machine-scale-sets-automatic-instance-repairs",
            "service": "VMSS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable automatic instance repairs for enhanced VM Scale Sets resiliency",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Ensure that Azure Backup is utilized appropriately to meet your organization's resiliency requirements for Azure virtual machines (VMs).",
            "guid": "4d874a74-8b66-42d6-b150-512a66498f6d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-azure-vms-introduction",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider Azure Backup to meet your resiliency requirements for Azure VMs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Single Instance VMs using Premium SSD or Ultra Disk for all Operating System Disks and Data Disks are guaranteed to have Virtual Machine Connectivity of at least 99.9%",
            "guid": "8052d88e-79d1-47b7-9b22-a5a67e7a8ed4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/disks-types",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Premium or Ultra disks for production VMs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure automatically replicates managed disks within a region to ensure data durability and protect against single-point failures.",
            "guid": "b31e38c3-f298-412b-8363-cffe179b599d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure Managed Disks are used for all VMs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Temporary disks are intended for short-term storage of non-persistent data such as page files, swap files, or SQL Server tempdb. Storing persistent data on temporary disks can lead to data loss during maintenance events or VM redeployment.",
            "guid": "e0d5973c-d4ce-432c-8881-37f6f7c4c0d4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview#temporary-disk",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Do not use the Temp disk for anything that is not acceptable to be lost",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Co-locate your compute, storage, networking, and data resources across an availability zone, and replicate this arrangement in other availability zones.",
            "guid": "e514548d-2447-4ec6-9138-b8200f1ce16e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/availability-zones-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Availability Zones for your VMs in regions where they are supported",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Use at least two VMs in Availability Sets to isolate VMs on different fault and update domains.",
            "guid": "5a785d6f-e96c-496a-b884-4cf3b2b38c88",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability-set-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For regions that do not support Availability Zones deploy VMs into Availability Sets",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure provides multiple options for VM redundancy to meet different requirements (Availability Zones, Virtual Machine Scale Sets, Availability Sets, Azure Site Recovery)",
            "guid": "6ba2c021-4991-414a-9d3c-e574dccbd979",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid running a production workload on a single VM",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure Site Recovery enables you to achieve low RTO (Recovery Time Objective) for your Azure and hybrid VMs by providing continuous replication and failover capabilities.",
            "guid": "2a6bcca2-b5fe-4a1e-af3d-d95d48c7c891",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/site-recovery-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For Azure and on-premises VMs (Hyper-V/Phyiscal/VMware) with low RTO requirements use Azure Site Recovery",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "By using Capacity Reservations, you can effectively manage capacity for critical workloads, ensuring resource availability in specified regions.",
            "guid": "bd7bb012-f7b9-45e0-9e15-8e3ea3992c2d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/capacity-reservation-overview",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use Capacity Reservations for critical workloads that require guaranteed capacity",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "By ensuring that the necessary quotas are increased in your DR region before testing failover with ASR, you can avoid any potential resource constraints during the recovery process for failed over VMs.",
            "guid": "e6e2065b-3a76-4af4-a691-e8939ada4666",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/quotas/per-vm-quota-requests",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Increase quotas in DR region before testing failover with ASR",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Scheduled Events is an Azure Metadata Service that provides information about upcoming maintenance events for virtual machines (VMs). By leveraging Scheduled Events, you can proactively prepare your applications for VM maintenance, minimizing disruption and improving the availability of your VMs.",
            "guid": "6d3b475a-5c7a-4cbe-99bb-e64dd8902e87",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/windows/scheduled-events",
            "service": "VM",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Utilize Scheduled Events to prepare for VM maintenance",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Use Zone-redundant Storage (ZRS) in the primary region for scenarios that require high availability and for restricting replication to a particular country or region. For protection against regional disasters, use Geo-zone-redundant Storage (GZRS), which combines ZRS in the primary region with geo-replication to a secondary region?.",
            "guid": "48c7c891-dcb1-4f7d-9769-ae568ba38d4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-redundancy",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Choose the most appropriate data redundancy option for Azure Storage based on your requirements",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Assigning a Delete lock to your storage account helps protect the availability of your data, minimizing the risk of disruptions to your business operations.",
            "guid": "85e2213d-bd7b-4b01-8f7b-95e06e158e3e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/lock-account-resource",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Apply a Delete lock to prevent accidental or malicious deletion of storage accounts",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Container soft delete protects your data from being accidentally deleted by maintaining the deleted data in the system for a specified period of time.",
            "guid": "a3992c2d-e6e2-4065-a3a7-6af4a691e893",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-container-enable",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable soft delete for Storage Account Containers",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Blob soft delete protects an individual blob and its versions, snapshots, and metadata from accidental deletes or overwrites by maintaining the deleted data in the system for a specified period of time.",
            "guid": "9ada4666-7e13-4c10-96b9-153d89f89dc7",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/blobs/soft-delete-blob-enable",
            "service": "Storage",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Enable soft delete for blobs",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure Backup enhanced soft delete provides critical protection against ransomware attacks by retaining deleted backups, enabling recovery from potential ransomware encryption or deletion.",
            "guid": "b44be3b1-a27f-48b9-b91b-e1038df03a82",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-azure-enhanced-soft-delete-about",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable Azure Backup enhanced soft delete for improved data protection and recovery",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure Backup's multi-user authorization enables fine-grained control over user access to backup resources, allowing you to restrict privileges and ensure proper authentication and authorization for backup operations.",
            "guid": "2cd463cb-bbc8-4ac2-a9eb-c92a43da1dae",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/multi-user-authorization-concept",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement multi-user authorization for Azure Backup to ensure secure and controlled access to backup resources",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Azure Immutable Storage provides an additional layer of security by ensuring that backup data stored in the vault cannot be modified or deleted for a specified retention period. This helps safeguard your backups from ransomware attacks that may attempt to compromise or manipulate your backup data.",
            "guid": "2cc88147-0607-4c1c-aa0e-614658dd458e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/backup-azure-immutable-vault-concept?source=recommendations&tabs=recovery-services-vault",
            "service": "Backup",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement Immutable Storage for your vaults to protect against ransomware and prevent unauthorized modifications to backups",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Network/dnsZones",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "To eliminate a single point of failure in your on-premises DNS services and ensure reliable DNS resolution during business continuity and disaster recovery scenarios, it is recommended to utilize Azure DNS Private Resolvers in multiple regions. By deploying two or more Azure DNS private resolvers across different regions, you can enable DNS failover and achieve resiliency in your DNS infrastructure.",
            "guid": "43da1dae-2cc8-4814-9060-7c1cca0e6146",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/dns/tutorial-dns-private-resolver-failover",
            "service": "DNS",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Implement DNS Failover using Azure DNS Private Resolvers",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.PowerBI/gateways",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "Use an on-premises data gateway cluster to avoid single points of failure and to load balance traffic across gateways.",
            "guid": "89f89dc7-b44b-4e3b-8a27-f8b9e91be103",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/data-integration/gateway/service-gateway-high-availability-clusters",
            "service": "Data Gateways",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use on-premises data gateway clusters to ensure high availability for business-critical data",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "checklist": "Resiliency Review",
            "description": "When choosing the best option for deploying NVAs in Azure, it is crucial to consider the vendor's recommendations and validate that the specific design has been vetted and validated by the NVA vendor. The vendor should also provide the necessary NVA configuration for seamless integration in Azure.",
            "guid": "8b1188b3-c6a4-46ce-a544-451e192d3442",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/dmz/nva-ha",
            "service": "NVA",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Deploy Network Virtual Appliances (NVAs) in a vendor supported configuration for High Availability",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "4620dc87-e948-4ce8-8426-f3e6e5d7bd85",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/center-sap-solutions/overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure Center for SAP solutions (ACSS) is an Azure offering that makes SAP a top-level workload on Azure. ACSS is an end-to-end solution that enables you to create and run SAP systems as a unified workload on Azure and provides a more seamless foundation for innovation. You can take advantage of the management capabilities for both new and existing Azure-based SAP systems.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-center-sap-solutions/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5d75e99d-624d-4afe-91d9-e17adc580790",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-platform-automation-and-devops",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure supports automating SAP deployments in Linux and Windows. SAP Deployment Automation Framework is an open-source orchestration tool that can deploy, install, and maintain SAP environments.",
            "training": "https://github.com/Azure/sap-automation",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "d17f6f39-a377-48a2-931f-5ead3ebe33a8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/well-architected/sap/design-areas/data-platform",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Perform a point-in-time recovery for your production databases at any point and in a time frame that meets your RTO; point-in-time recovery typically includes operator errors deleting data either on the DBMS layer or through SAP, incidentally",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c4b8e117-930b-4dbd-ae50-7bc5faf6f91a",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Test the backup and recovery times to verify that they meet your RTO requirements for restoring all systems simultaneously after a disaster.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b651423c-8552-42db-a545-5cb50c05527a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/reliability/cross-region-replication-azure",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "You can replicate standard storage between paired regions, but you can't use standard storage to store your databases or virtual hard disks. You can replicate backups only between paired regions that you use. For all your other data, run your replication by using native DBMS features like SQL Server Always On or SAP HANA System Replication. Use a combination of Site Recovery, rsync or robocopy, and other third-party software for the SAP application layer.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/ensure-business-continuity-implement-disaster-recovery/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "aa208dca-784f-46c6-9014-cc919c542dc9",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-zones",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When using Azure Availability Zones to achieve high availability, you must consider latency between SAP application servers and database servers. For zones with high latencies, operational procedures need to be in place to ensure that SAP application servers and database servers are running in the same zone at all times.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-high-availability-for-sap-workloads-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworkgateways'| where properties.gatewayType =~ 'vpn' or properties.gatewayType =~ 'ExpressRoute'| extend SKUName = properties.sku.name, SKUTier = properties.sku.tier, Type = properties.gatewayType| extend compliant = SKUTier contains 'AZ'| project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, Type, compliant",
            "guid": "ba07c007-1f90-43e9-aa4f-601346b80352",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Set up ExpressRoute connections from on-premises to the primary and secondary Azure disaster recovery regions. Also, as an alternative to using ExpressRoute, consider setting up VPN connections from on-premises to the primary and secondary Azure disaster recovery regions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/expressroute/use-s2s-vpn-as-backup-for-expressroute-privatepeering",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "d2b30195-b11d-4a8f-a672-28b2b4169a7c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/disaster-recovery-guidance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Replicate key vault contents like certificates, secrets, or keys across regions so you can decrypt data in the DR region.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "05f1101d-250f-40e7-b2a1-b674ab50edbd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/sap/sap-s4hana",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Peer the primary and disaster recovery virtual networks. For example, for HANA System Replication, an SAP HANA DB virtual network needs to be peered to the disaster recovery site's SAP HANA DB virtual network.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "d3351bf7-628a-46de-917d-dfc11d3b6b40",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-netapp-files/azure-netapp-files-service-levels",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "If you use Azure NetApp Files storage for your SAP deployments, at a minimum, create two Azure NetApp Files accounts in the Premium tier, in two regions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/choose-service-level-azure-netapp-files-hpc-applications/2-identify-decision-criteria",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "726a1d3e-5508-4a06-9d54-93f4b50040c1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/disaster-recovery-sap-guide?tabs=windows",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Native database replication technology should be used to synchronize the database in a HA pair.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-disaster-recovery-for-sap-workloads-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | extend addressSpace = todynamic(properties.addressSpace) | extend addressPrefix = todynamic(properties.addressSpace.addressPrefixes) | mvexpand addressSpace | mvexpand addressPrefix | project name, id, location, resourceGroup, subscriptionId, cidr = addressPrefix | extend compliant = (cidr matches regex @'^(10\\.|172\\.(1[6-9]|2[0-9]|3[01])\\.|192\\.168\\.)')  | project id, compliant, cidr",
            "guid": "6561f847-3db5-4ff8-9200-5ad3c3b436ad",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/azure/virtual-network/virtual-networks-faq",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "The CIDR for the primary virtual network (VNet) shouldn't conflict or overlap with the CIDR of the DR site's VNet",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/azure-fundamentals-describe-azure-architecture-services/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "0258ed30-fe42-434f-87b9-58f91f908e0a",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Site Recovery to replicate an application server to a DR site. Site Recovery can also help with replicating central-services cluster VMs to the DR site. When you invoke DR, you'll need to reconfigure the Linux Pacemaker cluster on the DR site (for example, replace the VIP or SBD, run corosync.conf, and more).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/ensure-business-continuity-implement-disaster-recovery/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "8300cb30-766b-4084-b126-0dd8fb1269a1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-business-continuity-and-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider the availability of SAP software against single points of failure. This includes single points of failure within applications such as DBMSs utilized in SAP NetWeaver and SAP S/4HANA architectures, SAP ABAP and ASCS + SCS. Also, other tools such as SAP Web Dispatcher.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-high-availability-for-sap-workloads-azure/2-explore-high-availability-disaster-recovery-support-azure-for-sap-workloads?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "56402f11-ccbe-42c3-a2f6-c6f6f38ab579",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/planning-supported-configurations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For SAP and SAP databases, consider implementing automatic failover clusters. In Windows, Windows Server Failover Clustering supports failover. In Linux, Linux Pacemaker or third-party tools like SIOS Protection Suite and Veritas InfoScale support failover.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "afae6bec-2671-49ae-bc69-140b8ec8d320",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/disaster-recovery-sap-guide?tabs=windows",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Azure doesn't support architectures in which the primary and secondary VMs share storage for DBMS data. For the DBMS layer, the common architecture pattern is to replicate databases at the same time and with different storage stacks than the ones that the primary and secondary VMs use.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/ensure-business-continuity-implement-disaster-recovery/?source=recommendationshttps%3A%2F%2Flearn.microsoft.com%2Fja-jp%2Ftraining%2Fpaths%2Fensure-business-continuity-implement-disaster-recovery%2F%3Fsource%3Drecommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "ac614e95-6767-4bc3-b8a4-9953533da6ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/dbms-guide-general",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "The DBMS data and transaction/redo log files are stored in Azure supported block storage or Azure NetApp Files. Azure Files or Azure Premium Files isn't supported as storage for DBMS data and/or redo log files with SAP workload.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-databases/2-explore-database-support-azure-for-sap-workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "1f737179-8e7f-4e1a-a30c-e5a649a3092b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/sap-high-availability-guide-wsfc-shared-disk",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "You can use Azure shared disks in Windows for ASCS + SCS components and specific high-availability scenarios. Set up your failover clusters separately for SAP application layer components and the DBMS layer. Azure doesn't currently support high-availability architectures that combine SAP application layer components and the DBMS layer into one failover cluster.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | extend bep = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackEndPools = array_length(bep) | where BackEndPools =~ 0 | project name, id, Param1='backendPools', Param2=toint(0), tags | union (resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | where sku.name =~ 'Standard' | extend bep = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackEndPools = toint(array_length(bep)) | mv-expand bip = properties.backendAddressPools | extend BackendAddresses = array_length(bip.properties.loadBalancerBackendAddresses) | where toint(BackendAddresses) <= 1 | project name, id, tags, Param1='backendAddresses', Param2=toint(BackendAddresses)) | union ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers' | where sku.name =~ 'Basic' | mv-expand properties.backendAddressPools | extend backendPoolId = properties_backendAddressPools.id | project id, name, tags, tostring(backendPoolId), Param1='BackEndPools' | join kind = leftouter ( resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces' | mv-expand properties.ipConfigurations | mv-expand properties_ipConfigurations.properties.loadBalancerBackendAddressPools | extend backendPoolId = tostring(properties_ipConfigurations_properties_loadBalancerBackendAddressPools.id) | summarize poolMembers = count() by backendPoolId | project tostring(backendPoolId), poolMembers ) on backendPoolId | where toint(poolMembers) <= 1 | extend BackendAddresses = poolMembers | project id, name, tags, Param1='backendAddresses', Param2=toint(BackendAddresses))",
            "guid": "a78b3d31-3170-44f2-b5d7-651a29f4ccf5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-guide-standard-load-balancer-outbound-connections",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Most failover clusters for SAP application layer components (ASCS) and the DBMS layer require a virtual IP address for a failover cluster.  Azure Load Balancer should handle the virtual IP address for all other cases. One design principle is to use one load balancer per cluster configuration. We recommend that you use the standard version of the load balancer (Standard Load Balancer SKU).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-high-availability-for-sap-workloads-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "1a541741-5833-4fb4-ae3c-2df743165c3a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-ha-ports-overview?source=recommendations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Make sure the Floating IP is enabled on the Load balancer",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/load-balancing-non-https-traffic-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c47cc4f3-f105-452c-845e-9b307b3856c1",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Before you deploy your high-availability infrastructure, and depending on the region you choose, determine whether to deploy with an Azure availability set or an availability zone.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-virtual-machine-availability/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "844f69c3-07e5-4ec1-bff7-4be27bcf5fea",
            "link": "https://www.microsoft.com/licensing/docs/view/Service-Level-Agreements-SLA-for-Online-Services?lang=1",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If you want to meet the infrastructure SLAs for your applications for SAP components (central services, application servers, and databases), you must choose the same high availability options (VMs, availability sets, availability zones) for all components.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "cbe05bbe-209d-4490-ba47-778424d11678",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability-set-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Do not mix servers of different roles in the same availability set. Keep central services VMs, database VMs, application VMs in their own availability sets",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-virtual-machine-availability/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "f2201000-d045-40a6-a79a-d7cdc01b4d86",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/co-location",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can't deploy Azure availability sets within an Azure availability zone unless you use proximity placement groups.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/proximity-placement-scenarios",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9674e7c7-7796-4181-8920-09f4429543ba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/availability-set-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When you create availability sets, use the maximum number of fault domains and update domains available. For example, if you deploy more than two VMs in one availability set, use the maximum number of fault domains (three) and enough update domains to limit the effect of potential physical hardware failures, network outages, or power interruptions, in addition to Azure planned maintenance. The default number of fault domains is two, and you can't change it online later.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-virtual-machine-availability/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "ae4ecb95-b70f-428f-8b9a-4c5b7e3478a2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/proximity-placement-scenarios",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When you use Azure proximity placement groups in an availability set deployment, all three SAP components (central services, application server, and database) should be in the same proximity placement group.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5d2fa56c-56ad-4484-88fe-72734c486ba2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/proximity-placement-scenarios",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use one proximity placement group per SAP SID. Groups don't span across Availability Zones or Azure regions",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "bca3b10e-0ff5-4aec-ac16-4c4bd1a1c13f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-business-continuity-and-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use one of the following services to run SAP central services clusters, depending on the operating system.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "ed46b937-913e-4018-9c62-8393ab037e53",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-guide-suse-multi-sid",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure doesn't currently support combining ASCS and DB HA in the same Linux Pacemaker cluster; separate them into individual clusters. However, you can combine up to five multiple central-services clusters into a pair of VMs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts' | where sku.name in~ ('Standard_LRS', 'Premium_LRS') | project name, id, tags, param1 = strcat('sku: ', sku.name)",
            "guid": "f656e745-0cfb-453e-8008-0528fa21c933",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-business-continuity-and-disaster-recovery",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy both VMs in the high-availability pair in an availability set or in availability zones. These VMs should be the same size and have the same storage configuration.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "7f684ebc-95da-425e-b329-e782dbed050f",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-guide-rhel-with-hana-ascs-ers-dialog-instance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure supports installing and configuring SAP HANA and ASCS/SCS and ERS instances on the same high availability cluster running on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "07991f7d-6598-4d90-9431-45c62605d3a5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/planning-guide-storage",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Run all production systems on Premium managed SSDs and use Azure NetApp Files or Ultra Disk Storage. At least the OS disk should be on the Premium tier so you can achieve better performance and the best SLA.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-storage/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "73cdaecc-7d74-48d8-a040-88416eebc98c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/hana-vm-operations-storage",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "You should run SAP HANA on Azure only on the types of storage that are certified by SAP. Note that certain volumes must be run on certain disk configurations, where applicable. These configurations include enabling Write Accelerator and using Premium storage. You also need to ensure that the file system that runs on storage is compatible with the DBMS that runs on the machine.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/hana-vm-premium-ssd-v1?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "51904867-a70e-4fa0-b4ff-3e6292846d7c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/disaster-recovery-overview-guide#storage",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider configuring high availability depending on the type of storage you use for your SAP workloads. Some storage services available in Azure are not supported by Azure Site Recovery, so your high availability configuration may differ.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-disaster-recovery-for-sap-workloads-azure/2-explore-disaster-recovery-sap-workloads",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "1ac2d928-c9b7-42c6-ba18-23b1aea78693",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/ja-jp/explore/global-infrastructure/products-by-region/",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Different native Azure storage services (like Azure Files, Azure NetApp Files, Azure Shared Disk) may not be available in all regions. So to have similar SAP setup on the DR region after failover, ensure the respective storage service is offered in DR site.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "925d1f8c-01f3-4a67-948e-aabf0a1fad60",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/running-sap-applications-on-the/optimize-your-azure-costs-by-automating-sap-system-start-stop/ba-p/2120675",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Automate SAP System Start-Stop to manage costs.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "71dc00cd-4392-4262-8949-20c05e6c0333",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/hana-vm-premium-ssd-v1",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "In the case of using Azure Premium Storage with SAP HANA, Azure Standard SSD storage can be used to select a cost-conscious storage solution. However, please note that choosing Standard SSD or Standard HDD Azure storage will affect the SLA of the individual VMs. Also, for systems with lower I/O throughput and low latency, such as non-production environments, lower series VMs can be used.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9877f353-2591-4e8b-8381-e9043fed1010",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/hana-vm-premium-ssd-v1",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "As a lower-cost alternative configuration (multipurpose), you can choose a low-performance SKU for your non-production HANA database server VMs. However, it is important to note that some VM types, such as E-series, are not HANA certified (SAP HANA Hardware Directory) or cannot achieve storage latency of less than 1ms.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.aad/domainservices' | extend replicaSets = properties.replicaSets | where array_length(replicaSets) < 2 | project name=name, id=id, tags=tags, param1=strcat('replicaSetLocation:', replicaSets[0].location)",
            "guid": "fda1dbf3-dc95-4d48-a7c7-91dca0f6c565",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/well-architected/sap/design-areas/security",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enforce a RBAC model for management groups, subscriptions, resource groups and resources",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "45911475-e39e-4530-accc-d979366bcda2",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/scenario-azure-first-sap-identity-integration",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce Principal propagation for forwarding the identity from SAP cloud application to SAP on-premises (Including IaaS) through cloud connector",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-identity-services/2-explore-azure-virtual-machine-auth-access-control",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "750ab1ab-039d-495d-94c7-c8929cb107d5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/scenario-azure-first-sap-identity-integration",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO to SAP SaaS applications like SAP Analytics Cloud, SAP Cloud Platform, Business by design, SAP Qualtrics and SAP C4C with Azure AD using SAML.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "325ae525-ba34-4d46-a5e2-213ace7bb122",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-netweaver-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO to SAP NetWeaver-based web applications like SAP Fiori and SAP Web GUI by using SAML.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-identity-services/8-exercise-integrate-azure-active-directory-sap-netweaver",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9eb54dad-7861-4e1c-973a-f3bb003fc9c1",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO to SAP NetWeaver-based web applications like SAP Fiori and SAP Web GUI by using SAML.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-identity-services/6-exercise-integrate-azure-active-directory-sap-fiori",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "f29676ef-0c9c-4c4d-ab21-a55504c0c829",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-netweaver-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can implement SSO to SAP GUI by using SAP NetWeaver SSO or a partner solution.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-identity-services/8-exercise-integrate-azure-active-directory-sap-netweaver",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "23181aa4-1742-4694-9ff8-ae7d7d474317",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For SSO for SAP GUI and web browser access, implement SNC / Kerberos/SPNEGO (simple and protected GSSAPI negotiation mechanism) due to its ease of configuration and maintenance. For SSO with X.509 client certificates, consider the SAP Secure Login Server, which is a component of the SAP SSO solution.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-identity-services/9-exercise-integrate-active-directory-sap-single-sign-on",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "6c8bcbf4-5bbe-4609-b8a0-3e97778424d6",
            "link": "https://blogs.sap.com/2017/07/12/sap-single-sign-on-protect-your-sap-landscape-with-x.509-certificates/",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For SSO for SAP GUI and web browser access, implement SNC / Kerberos/SPNEGO (simple and protected GSSAPI negotiation mechanism) due to its ease of configuration and maintenance. For SSO with X.509 client certificates, consider the SAP Secure Login Server, which is a component of the SAP SSO solution.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "16785d6f-a96c-496a-b885-18f482734c88",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-netweaver-tutorial#configure-sap-netweaver-for-oauth",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO by using OAuth for SAP NetWeaver to allow third-party or custom applications to access SAP NetWeaver OData services.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a747c350-8d4c-449c-93af-393dbca77c48",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/saphana-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO to SAP HANA",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c7bae5bf-daf9-4761-9c56-f92891890aa4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/rise-integration#connectivity-with-sap-rise",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider Azure AD an identity provider for SAP systems hosted on RISE. For more information, see Integrating the Service with Azure AD.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "e4e48226-ce54-44b6-bb6b-bfa15bd8f753",
            "link": "https://github.com/azuredevcollege/SAP/blob/master/sap-oauth-saml-flow/README.md",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For applications that access SAP, you might want to use principal propagation to establish SSO.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "59921095-4980-4fc1-a5b6-524a5a560c79",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-hana-cloud-platform-identity-authentication-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you're using SAP BTP services or SaaS solutions that require SAP Identity Authentication Service (IAS), consider implementing SSO between SAP Cloud Identity Authentication Services and Azure AD to access those SAP services. This integration lets SAP IAS act as a proxy identity provider and forwards authentication requests to Azure AD as the central user store and identity provider.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a709c664-317e-41e4-9e34-67d9016a86f4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-hana-cloud-platform-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement SSO to SAP BTP",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "01f11b7f-38df-4251-9c76-4dec19abd3e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/saas-apps/sap-successfactors-inbound-provisioning-cloud-only-tutorial",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you're using SAP SuccessFactors, consider using the Azure AD automated user provisioning. With this integration, as you add new employees to SAP SuccessFactors, you can automatically create their user accounts in Azure AD. Optionally, you can create user accounts in Microsoft 365 or other SaaS applications that are supported by Azure AD. Use write-back of the email address to SAP SuccessFactors.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "description": "Keep your management group hierarchy reasonably flat, no more than four.",
            "graph": "resourcecontainers| where type =~ 'microsoft.resources/subscriptions'| extend ManagementGroup = tostring(tags),mgmtChain = properties.managementGroupAncestorsChain| extend compliant =( array_length(mgmtChain) <= 4 and array_length(mgmtChain) > 1)",
            "guid": "6ba28021-4591-4147-9e39-e5309cccd979",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/resource-org-management-groups",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "enforce existing Management Group policies to SAP Subscriptions",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/enterprise-scale-organization/4-management-group-subscription-organization",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | summarize count()",
            "guid": "366bcda2-750a-4b1a-a039-d95d54c7c892",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/sap/sap-whole-landscape",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Integrate tightly coupled applications into the same SAP subscription to avoid additional routing and management complexity",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/landing-zone/design-area/resource-org-subscriptions",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type contains 'publicIPAddresses' and isnotempty(properties.ipAddress) | summarize count () by subscriptionId",
            "guid": "9cb107d5-325a-4e52-9ba3-4d4685e2213a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/sap/sap-whole-landscape",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Leverage Subscription as scale unit and scaling our resources, consider deploying subscription per environment eg. Sandbox, non-prod, prod ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-subscriptions/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "QuotaResources | where type =~ 'microsoft.compute/locations/usages' | where subscriptionId in~ ('<Subscription1>','<Subscription2>') | mv-expand json = properties.value limit 400 | extend usagevCPUs = json.currentValue, QuotaLimit = json['limit'], quotaName = tostring(json['name'].localizedValue) | extend usagePercent = toint(usagevCPUs)*100 / toint(QuotaLimit) |where quotaName =~ 'Total Regional vCPUs' or quotaName =~ 'Total Regional Low-priority vCPUs' |project subscriptionId,quotaName,usagevCPUs,QuotaLimit,usagePercent,location,['json'] | order by ['usagePercent'] desc",
            "guid": "ce7bb122-f7c9-45f0-9e15-4e3aa3592829",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/quotas/quotas-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure quota increase as a part of subscription provisioning (e.g. total available VM cores within a subscription)",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "ce4fab2f-433a-4d59-a5a9-3d1032e03ebc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/rest/api/reserved-vm-instances/quotaapi?branch=capacity",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "The Quota API is a REST API that you can use to view and manage quotas for Azure services. Consider using it if necessary.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "cbfad17b-f240-42bf-a1d8-f4f4cee661c8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/quotas/quickstart-increase-quota-portal",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If deploying to an availability zone, ensure that the VM's zone deployment is available once the quota has been approved. Submit a support request with the subscription, VM series, number of CPUs and availability zone required.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "e6e20617-3686-4af4-9791-f8935ada4332",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/explore/global-infrastructure/products-by-region/",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure required services and features are available within the chosen deployment regions eg. ANF , Zone etc.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/migrate/azure-best-practices/multiple-regions?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | extend compliant = isnotnull(['tags']) | project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, tags, compliant",
            "guid": "4e138115-2318-41aa-9174-26943ff8ae7d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-resource-organization",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Leverage Azure resource tag for cost categorization and resource grouping (: BillTo, Department (or Business Unit), Environment (Production, Stage, Development), Tier (Web Tier, Application Tier), Application Owner, ProjectName)",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "2f7c95f0-6e15-44e3-aa35-92829e6e2061",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/sap-hana-database-about",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Help protect your HANA database by using the Azure Backup service.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-backup-sap-workloads-azure-virtual-machines/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "302a2fbf-3745-4a5f-a365-c9d1a16ca22c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-netapp-files/azacsnap-introduction",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you deploy Azure NetApp Files for your HANA, Oracle, or DB2 database, use the Azure Application Consistent Snapshot tool (AzAcSnap) to take application-consistent snapshots. AzAcSnap also supports Oracle databases. Consider using AzAcSnap on a central VM rather than on individual VMs.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "42d37218-a3a7-45df-bff6-1173e7f249ea",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-management-and-monitoring",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Ensure time-zone matches between the operating system and the SAP system.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c3c7abc0-716c-4486-893c-40e181d65539",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-guide-rhel-multi-sid",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Don't group different application services in the same cluster. For example, don't combine DRBD and central services clusters on the same cluster. However, you can use the same Pacemaker cluster to manage approximately five different central services (multi-SID cluster).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a491dfc4-9353-4213-9217-eef0949f9467",
            "link": "https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/offers/dev-test/",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider running dev/test systems in a snooze model to save and optimize Azure run costs.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b7056168-6199-4732-a514-cdbb2d5c9c54",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/lighthouse/overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you partner with customers by managing their SAP estates, consider Azure Lighthouse. Azure Lighthouse allows managed service providers to use Azure native identity services to authenticate to the customers' environment. It puts the control in the hands of customers, because they can revoke access at any time and audit service providers' actions.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "4d116785-d2fa-456c-96ad-48408fe72734",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/update-manager/scheduled-patching?tabs=schedule-updates-single-machine%2Cschedule-updates-scale-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Update Manager to check the status of available updates for a single VM or multiple VMs and consider scheduling regular patching.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/keep-your-virtual-machines-updated/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "76c8bcbf-45bb-4e60-ad8a-03e97778424d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/lama-installation",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Optimize and manage SAP Basis operations by using SAP Landscape Management (LaMa). Use the SAP LaMa connector for Azure to relocate, copy, clone, and refresh SAP systems.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-remote-management/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "14591147-5e39-4e53-89cc-cd979366bcda",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/monitor/about-azure-monitor-sap-solutions",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Monitor for SAP solutions to monitor your SAP workloads(SAP HANA, high-availability SUSE clusters, and SQL systems) on Azure. Consider supplementing Azure Monitor for SAP solutions with SAP Solution Manager.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-monitoring-sap-workloads-azure-virtual-machines/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "2750ab1a-b039-4d95-b54c-7c8929cb107d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/vm-extension-for-sap",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Run a VM Extension for SAP check. VM Extension for SAP uses the assigned managed identity of a virtual machine (VM) to access VM monitoring and configuration data. The check ensures that all performance metrics in your SAP application come from the underlying Azure Extension for SAP.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-azure-enhanced-monitoring-extension-for-sap/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5325ae52-5ba3-44d4-985e-2213ace7bb12",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/logs/design-logs-deployment",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Policy for access control and compliance reporting. Azure Policy provides the ability to enforce organization-wide settings to ensure consistent policy adherence and fast violation detection. ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-infrastructure-operations/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "523181aa-4174-4269-93ff-8ae7d7d47431",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/network-watcher/connection-monitor-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Connection Monitor in Azure Network Watcher to monitor latency metrics for SAP databases and application servers. Or collect and display network latency measurements by using Azure Monitor.",
            "training": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/running-sap-applications-on-the/collecting-and-displaying-niping-network-latency-measurements/ba-p/1833979",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "73686af4-6791-4f89-95ad-a43324e13811",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/SAP-on-Azure-Scripts-and-Utilities/tree/main/QualityCheck",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Perform a quality check for SAP HANA on the provisioned Azure infrastructure to verify that provisioned VMs comply with SAP HANA on Azure best practices.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "616785d6-fa96-4c96-ad88-518f482734c8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-zones",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "For each Azure subscription, run a latency test on Azure availability zones before zonal deployment to choose low-latency zones for deployment of SAP on Azure.",
            "training": "https://github.com/Azure/SAP-on-Azure-Scripts-and-Utilities/tree/main/AvZone-Latency-Test",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "410adcba-db46-424f-a6c4-05ecde75c52e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/advisor/advisor-how-to-improve-reliability",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Run the Resiliency Report to ensure that the configuration of the entire provisioned Azure infrastructure (Compute, Database, Networking, Storage, Site Recovery) complies with the configuration defined by Cloud Adaption Framework for Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/azure-well-architected-framework/",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "86ba2802-1459-4114-95e3-9e5309cccd97",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sentinel/sap/deployment-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Implement threat protection by using the Microsoft Sentinel solution for SAP. Use this solution to monitor your SAP systems and detect sophisticated threats throughout the business logic and application layers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/plan-microsoft-sentinel-deployment-sap/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | extend compliant = isnotnull(['tags']) | project name, id, subscriptionId, resourceGroup, tags, compliant",
            "guid": "579266bc-ca27-45fa-a1ab-fe9d55d04c3c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cost-management-billing/costs/enable-tag-inheritance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure tagging can be leveraged to logically group and track resources, automate their deployments, and most importantly, provide visibility on the incurred costs.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/analyze-costs-create-budgets-azure-cost-management/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "04b8e5e5-13cb-4b22-af62-5a8ecfcf0337",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-network-test-latency?tabs=windows",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use inter-VM latency monitoring for latency-sensitive applications.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "07e5ed53-3d96-43d8-87ea-631b77da5aba",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/planning-guide-storage",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Site Recovery monitoring to maintain the health of the disaster recovery service for SAP application servers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-storage/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "abb6af9c-982c-4cf1-83fb-329fafd1ee56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-management-and-monitoring",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Exclude all the database file systems and executable programs from antivirus scans. Including them could lead to performance problems. Check with the database vendors for prescriptive details on the exclusion list. For example, Oracle recommends excluding /oracle/<sid>/sapdata from antivirus scans.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c027f893-f404-41a9-b33d-39d625a14964",
            "link": "https://sapit-forme-prod.authentication.eu11.hana.ondemand.com/login",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider collecting full database statistics for non-HANA databases after migration. For example, implement SAP note 1020260 - Delivery of Oracle statistics.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "fdafb1f5-3eee-4354-a8c9-deb8127ebc2e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/workloads/oracle/configure-oracle-asm",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM) for all Oracle deployments that use SAP on Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/administer-infrastructure-resources-in-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "33c5d5bf-daf3-4f0d-bd50-6010fdcec22e",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/running-sap-applications-on-the/announcement-sap-on-azure-oracle-performance-efficiency-scripts/ba-p/3725178",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For SAP on Azure running Oracle, a collection of SQL scripts can help you diagnose performance problems.  Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) reports contain valuable information for diagnosing problems in the Oracle system. We recommend that you run an AWR report during several sessions and choose peak times for it, to ensure broad coverage for the analysis.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/azure/well-architected/oracle-iaas/performance-efficiency",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "d89fd98d-23e4-4b40-a92e-32db9365522c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/site-recovery-monitor-and-troubleshoot",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Site Recovery monitoring to maintain the health of the disaster recovery service for SAP application servers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/protect-on-premises-infrastructure-with-azure-site-recovery/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5ba34d46-85e2-4213-ace7-bb122f7c95f0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/ddos-protection/ddos-protection-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For secure delivery of HTTP/S apps, use Application Gateway v2 and ensure that WAF protection and policies are enabled.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-web-application-firewall/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "fa9d30bc-1b82-4e4b-bfdf-6b017938b9e6",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If the virtual machine's DNS or virtual name is not changed during migration to Azure, Background DNS and virtual names connect many system interfaces in the SAP landscape, and customers are only sometimes aware of the interfaces that developers define over time. Connection challenges arise between various systems when virtual or DNS names change after migrations, and it's recommended to retain DNS aliases to prevent these types of difficulties.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-networking/4-explore-name-resolution",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a2858f78-105b-4f52-b7a9-5b0f4439743b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use different DNS zones to distinguish each environment (sandbox, development, preproduction, and production) from each other. The exception is for SAP deployments with their own VNet; here, private DNS zones might not be necessary.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-networking/4-explore-name-resolution",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "description": "When configuring VNet peering, use the Allow traffic to remote virtual networks setting.",
            "graph": "resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualnetworks' | mvexpand properties.virtualNetworkPeerings | project id, peeringName=properties_virtualNetworkPeerings.name, compliant = (properties_virtualNetworkPeerings.properties.allowVirtualNetworkAccess =~ True)",
            "guid": "a3592829-e6e2-4061-9368-6af46791f893",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/virtual-network-peering-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Local and global VNet peering provide connectivity and are the preferred approaches to ensure connectivity between landing zones for SAP deployments across multiple Azure regions",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-vnet-peering/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "41742694-3ff8-4ae7-b7d4-743176c8bcbf",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/planning-guide",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "It is not supported to deploy any NVA between SAP application and SAP Database server",
            "training": "https://me.sap.com/notes/2731110",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources| where type =~ 'microsoft.network/virtualwans' | extend compliant= (properties.allowBranchToBranchTraffic =~ 'true') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "7d4bc7d2-c34a-452e-8f1d-6ae3c8eafcc3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-virtual-wan/?source=recommendations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Virtual WAN for Azure deployments in new, large, or global networks where you need global transit connectivity across Azure regions and on-premises locations. With this approach, you won't need to manually set up transitive routing for Azure networking, and you can follow a standard for SAP on Azure deployments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-about",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "0cedb1f6-ae6c-492b-8b17-8061f50b16d3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/well-architected/services/networking/network-virtual-appliances/reliability",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider deploying network virtual appliances (NVAs) between regions only if partner NVAs are used. NVAs between regions or VNets aren't required if native NVAs are present. When you're deploying partner networking technologies and NVAs, follow the vendor's guidance to verify conflicting configurations with Azure networking.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/control-network-traffic-flow-with-routes/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "facc08c6-ea95-4641-91cd-fa09e573adbd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/networking/hub-spoke-vwan-architecture",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Virtual WAN manages connectivity between spoke VNets for virtual-WAN-based topologies (no need to set up user-defined routing [UDR] or NVAs), and maximum network throughput for VNet-to-VNet traffic in the same virtual hub is 50 gigabits per second. If necessary, SAP landing zones can use VNet peering to connect to other landing zones and overcome this bandwidth limitation.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/hub-and-spoke-network-architecture/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses' and sku.tier =~ 'Regional' | where isempty(zones) or array_length(zones) <= 1 | extend az = case(isempty(zones), 'Non-zonal', array_length(zones) <= 1, strcat('Zonal (', strcat_array(zones, ','), ')'), zones) | project name, id, tags, param1 = strcat('sku: ', sku.name), param2 = strcat('availabilityZone: ', az)",
            "guid": "82734c88-6ba2-4802-8459-11475e39e530",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-ip-addressing",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Public IP assignment to VM running SAP Workload is not recommended.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-ip-addressing-for-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type contains 'publicIPAddresses' and isnotempty(properties.ipAddress) | summarize count () by subscriptionId",
            "guid": "9cccd979-366b-4cda-8750-ab1ab039d95d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/protect-on-premises-infrastructure-with-azure-site-recovery/?source=recommendations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Consider reserving IP address on DR side when configuring ASR",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/architect-network-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "54c7c892-9cb1-407d-9325-ae525ba34d46",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/ready/azure-best-practices/plan-for-ip-addressing",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Avoid using overlapping IP address ranges for production and DR sites.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-ip-addressing-for-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "6e154e3a-a359-4282-ae6e-206173686af4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-netapp-files/azure-netapp-files-delegate-subnet",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "While Azure does help you to create multiple delegated subnets in a VNet, only one delegated subnet can exist in a VNet for Azure NetApp Files. Attempts to create a new volume will fail if you use more than one delegated subnet for Azure NetApp Files.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-netapp-files/azure-netapp-files-network-topologies?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'microsoft.network/virtualhubs' | extend compliant = isnotnull(properties.azureFirewall.id) | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "d8a03e97-7784-424d-9167-85d6fa96c96a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/well-architected/services/networking/azure-firewall?toc=%2Fazure%2Ffirewall%2Ftoc.json&bc=%2Fazure%2Ffirewall%2Fbreadcrumb%2Ftoc.json",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Firewall to govern Azure outbound traffic to the internet, non-HTTP/S inbound connections, and East/West traffic filtering (if the organization requires it)",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/secure-networking-infrastructure/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "91a65e40-be90-45b3-9f73-f3edbf8dc324",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/expose-sap-process-orchestration-on-azure",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Application Gateway and Web Application Firewall have limitations when Application Gateway serves as a reverse proxy for SAP web apps, as shown in the comparison between Application Gateway, SAP Web Dispatcher, and other third-party services.",
            "training": "https://help.sap.com/docs/SUPPORT_CONTENT/si/3362959506.html",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5e39e530-9ccc-4d97-a366-bcda2750ab1a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Azure Front Door and WAF policies to provide global protection across Azure regions for inbound HTTP/S connections to a landing zone.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/secure-application-delivery/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b039d95d-54c7-4c89-89cb-107d5325ae52",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/afds/afds-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Take advantage of Web Application Firewall policies in Azure Front Door when you're using Azure Front Door and Application Gateway to protect HTTP/S applications. Lock down Application Gateway to receive traffic only from Azure Front Door.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-web-application-firewall/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5ada4332-4e13-4811-9231-81aa41742694",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/web-application-firewall/ag/ag-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use a web application firewall to scan your traffic when it's exposed to the internet. Another option is to use it with your load balancer or with resources that have built-in firewall capabilities like Application Gateway or third-party solutions.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/introduction-azure-web-application-firewall/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "e73de7d5-6f36-4217-a526-e1a621ecddde",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/frontdoor/front-door-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Virtual WAN for Azure deployments in new, large, or global networks where you need global transit connectivity across Azure regions and on-premises locations. With this approach, you won't need to manually set up transitive routing for Azure networking, and you can follow a standard for SAP on Azure deployments.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-networking/10-explore-azure-front-door",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "3c536a3e-1b6b-4e87-95ca-15edb47251c0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/vnet-integration-for-azure-services",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "To prevent data leakage, use Azure Private Link to securely access platform as a service resources like Azure Blob Storage, Azure Files, Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2, Azure Data Factory, and more. Azure Private Endpoint can also help to secure traffic between VNets and services like Azure Storage, Azure Backup, and more. Traffic between your VNet and the Private Endpoint enabled service travels across the Microsoft global network, which prevents its exposure to the public internet.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/design-implement-private-access-to-azure-services/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Network/NetworkInterfaces' | where properties.enableAcceleratedNetworking =~ 'false' | project name, subscriptionId, properties.enableAcceleratedNetworking",
            "guid": "85e2213a-ce7b-4b12-8f7c-95f06e154e3a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-overview?tabs=redhat",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Make sure that Azure accelerated networking is enabled on the VMs used in the SAP application and DBMS layers.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/azure-fundamentals-describe-azure-architecture-services/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "3ff8ae7d-7d47-4431-96c8-bcbf45bbe609",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/load-balancer/load-balancer-multivip-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Make sure that internal deployments for Azure Load Balancer are set up to use Direct Server Return (DSR). This setting (Enabling Floating IP) will reduce latency when internal load balancer configurations are used for high-availability configurations on the DBMS layer.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/training/modules/load-balancing-non-https-traffic-azure/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups' and isnull(properties.networkInterfaces) and isnull(properties.subnets) | project name, resourceGroup | sort by name asc",
            "guid": "6791f893-5ada-4433-84e1-3811523181aa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/network-security-group-how-it-works",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "You can use application security group (ASG) and NSG rules to define network security access-control lists between the SAP application and DBMS layers. ASGs group virtual machines to help manage their security.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-network-security-groups/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "45bbe609-d8a0-43e9-9778-424d616785d6",
            "link": "https://me.sap.com/notes/2015553",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Placing of the SAP application layer and SAP DBMS in different Azure VNets that aren't peered isn't supported.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "fa96c96a-d885-418f-9827-34c886ba2802",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/proximity-placement-scenarios",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For optimal network latency with SAP applications, consider using Azure proximity placement groups.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/co-location#planned-maintenance-and-proximity-placement-groups",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "18c8b61c-855a-4405-b6ed-266455e4f4ce",
            "link": "https://me.sap.com/notes/2015553",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "It is NOT supported at all to run an SAP Application Server layer and DBMS layer split between on-premise and Azure. Both layers need to completely reside either on-premise or in Azure.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b65c878b-4b14-4f4e-92d8-d873936493f2",
            "link": "https://me.sap.com/notes/2015553",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "It isn't recommended to host the database management system (DBMS) and application layers of SAP systems in different VNets and connect them with VNet peering because of the substantial costs that excessive network traffic between the layers can produce. Recommend using subnets within the Azure virtual network to separate the SAP application layer and DBMS layer.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-network-topology-and-connectivity",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "402a9846-d515-4061-aff8-cd30088693fa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/high-availability-guide-rhel",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "If using Load Balancer with Linux guest operating systems, check that the Linux network parameter net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps is set to 0.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-ha-sap-netweaver-anydb/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "87585797-5551-4d53-bb7d-a94ee415734d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/workloads/rise-integration",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For SAP RISE/ECS deployments, virtual peering is the preferred way to establish connectivity with customer's existing Azure environment. Both the SAP vnet and customer vnet(s) are protected with network security groups (NSG), enabling communication on SAP and database ports through the vnet peering",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "ff5136bd-dcf1-4d2b-ae52-39333efdf45a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/backup/sap-hana-database-about",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Review SAP HANA database backups for Azure VMs.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "cafde29d-a0af-4bcd-87c0-0f299d63f0e8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/site-recovery/site-recovery-monitor-and-troubleshoot",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review Site Recovery built-in monitoring, where used for SAP.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "82d7b8de-d3f1-44a0-830b-38e200e82acf",
            "link": "https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_HANA_PLATFORM/c4d7c773af4a4e5dbebb6548d6e2d4f4/e3111d2ebb5710149510cc120646bf3f.html?locale=en-US",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Review the Monitoring the SAP HANA System Landscape guidance.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "c823873a-2bec-4c2a-b684-a1ce8ae80efd",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/workloads/oracle/oracle-database-backup-strategies",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review Oracle Database in Azure Linux VM backup strategies.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "2943b6d8-1d31-4e19-ade7-78e6b26d1962",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/tutorial-use-azure-blob-storage-service-with-sql-server-2016?view=sql-server-ver16",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review the use of Azure Blob Storage with SQL Server 2016.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b82e650f-676d-417d-994d-fc33ca54ec14",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-sql/virtual-machines/windows/automated-backup?view=azuresql",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review the use of Automated Backup v2 for Azure VMs.",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "347c2dcc-e6eb-4b04-80c5-628b171aa62d",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Enabling Write accelerator for M series when using premium disks(V1)",
            "waf": "Operations"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b96512cf-996f-4b17-b9b8-6b16db1a2a94",
            "link": "https://github.com/Azure/SAP-on-Azure-Scripts-and-Utilities/tree/main/AvZone-Latency-Test",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Test availability zone latency.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9fd7ffd4-da11-49f6-a374-8d03e94c511d",
            "link": "https://support.sap.com/en/offerings-programs/support-services/earlywatch-alert.html",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Activate SAP EarlyWatch Alert for all SAP components.",
            "training": "https://help.sap.com/docs/SUPPORT_CONTENT/techops/3362700736.html",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "b9b140cf-413a-483d-aad2-8802c4e3c017",
            "link": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/running-sap-applications-on-the/sap-on-azure-general-update-march-2019/ba-p/377456",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review SAP application server to database server latency using SAP ABAPMeter report /SSA/CAT.",
            "training": "https://me.sap.com/notes/0002879613",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "62fbf0f8-51db-49e1-a961-bb5df7a35f80",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review SQL Server performance monitoring using CCMS.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "35709da7-fc7d-4efe-bb20-2e91547b7390",
            "link": "https://me.sap.com/notes/500235",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Test network latency between SAP application layer VMs and DBMS VMs (NIPING).",
            "training": "https://me.sap.com/notes/1100926/E",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9e9bb4c8-e934-4e4b-a13c-6f7c7c38eb43",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/sap/large-instances/hana-monitor-troubleshoot",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Review SAP HANA studio alerts.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "f1a92ab5-9509-4b57-86ff-b0ade361b694",
            "link": "https://me.sap.com/notes/1969700",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Perform SAP HANA health checks using HANA_Configuration_Minichecks.",
            "waf": "Performance"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "18dffcf3-248c-4039-a67c-dec8e3a5f804",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/sap-lza-security-operations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you run Windows and Linux VMs in Azure, on-premises, or in other cloud environments, you can use the Update management center in Azure Automation to manage operating system updates, including security patches.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/automation/update-management/overview",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "08951710-79a2-492a-adbc-06d7a401545b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/sap-lza-security-operations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Routinely review the SAP security OSS notes because SAP releases highly critical security patches, or hot fixes, that require immediate action to protect your SAP systems.",
            "training": "https://support.sap.com/en/my-support/knowledge-base/security-notes-news.html",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "1b8b394e-ae64-4a74-8933-357b523ea0a0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/sap-lza-database-security",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For SAP on SQL Server, you can disable the SQL Server system administrator account because the SAP systems on SQL Server don't use the account. Ensure that another user with system administrator rights can access the server before disabling the original system administrator account.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5a76a033-ced9-4eef-9a43-5e4f96634c8e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/sap-lza-database-security",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Disable xp_cmdshell. The SQL Server feature xp_cmdshell enables a SQL Server internal operating system command shell. It's a potential risk in security audits.",
            "training": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3019299/E",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "cf65de8e-1309-4ccc-b579-266bcca275fa",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-security-governance-and-compliance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Encrypting SAP HANA database servers on Azure uses SAP HANA native encryption technology. Additionally, if you are using SQL Server on Azure, use Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) to protect your data and log files and ensure that your backups are also encrypted.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/sap-lza-database-security",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a1abfe9d-55d0-44c3-a491-9cb1b3d1325a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-service-encryption",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Azure Storage encryption is enabled for all Azure Resource Manager and classic storage accounts, and can't be disabled. Because your data is encrypted by default, you don't need to modify your code or applications to use Azure Storage encryption.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/encrypt-sector-data/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | join kind=leftouter (ResourceContainers | where type=~'microsoft.resources/subscriptions' | project SubName=name, subscriptionId) on subscriptionId | where type =~ 'microsoft.keyvault/vaults' | project type, name, SubName",
            "guid": "ce9bd3bb-0cdb-43b5-9eb2-ec14eeaa3592",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use Azure Key Vault to store your secrets and credentials",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/manage-secrets-with-azure-key-vault/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "829e2edb-2173-4676-aff6-691b4935ada4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/lock-resources?tabs=json",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "It is recommended to LOCK the Azure Resources post successful deployment to safeguard against unauthorized changes. You can also enforce LOCK constraints and rules on your per-subscription basis using customized Azure policies(Custome role).",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/use-azure-resource-manager/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "2223ece8-1b12-4318-8a54-17415833fb4a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/general/soft-delete-overview",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Provision Azure Key Vault with the soft delete and purge policies enabled to allow retention protection for deleted objects.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/manage-secrets-with-azure-key-vault/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "e3c2df74-3165-4c3a-abe0-5bbe209d490d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/security-controls-policy",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Based on existing requirements, regulatory and compliance controls (internal/external) - Determine what Azure Policies and Azure RBAC role are needed",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/paths/describe-azure-management-governance/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "a4777842-4d11-4678-9d2f-a56c56ad4840",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-security-governance-and-compliance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "When enabling Microsoft Defender for Endpoint on SAP environment, recommend excluding data and log files on DBMS servers instead of targeting all servers. Follow your DBMS vendor's recommendations when excluding target files.",
            "training": "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/running-sap-applications-on-the/microsoft-defender-endpoint-mde-for-sap-applications-on-windows/ba-p/3912268",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "8fe72734-c486-4ba2-a0dc-0591cf65de8e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/defender-for-cloud/just-in-time-access-overview?tabs=defender-for-container-arch-aks",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Delegate an SAP admin custom role with just-in-time access of Microsoft Defender for Cloud.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/secure-vms-with-azure-security-center/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "1309cccd-5792-466b-aca2-75faa1abfe9d",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-security-governance-and-compliance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "encrypt data in transit by integrating the third-party security product with secure network communications (SNC) for DIAG (SAP GUI), RFC, and SPNEGO for HTTPS",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/security/fundamentals/encryption-overview#encryption-of-data-in-transit",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "eeaa3592-829e-42ed-a217-3676aff6691b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-encryption-key-model-get?tabs=portal",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Default to Microsoft-managed keys for principal encryption functionality and use customer-managed keys when required.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/manage-secrets-with-azure-key-vault/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "graph": "Resources | join kind=leftouter (ResourceContainers | where type=~'microsoft.resources/subscriptions' | project SubName=name, subscriptionId) on subscriptionId | where type =~ 'microsoft.keyvault/vaults' | project type, name, SubName",
            "guid": "4935ada4-2223-4ece-a1b1-23181a541741",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/azure/key-vault/general/best-practices",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use an Azure Key Vault per application per environment per region.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/manage-secrets-with-azure-key-vault/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "abc9634d-c44d-41e9-a530-e8444e16aa3c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/key-vault/certificates/certificate-scenarios",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "To control and manage disk encryption keys and secrets for non-HANA Windows and non-Windows operating systems, use Azure Key Vault. SAP HANA isn't supported with Azure Key Vault, so you must use alternate methods like SAP ABAP or SSH keys.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-and-manage-azure-key-vault/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "209d490d-a477-4784-84d1-16785d2fa56c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/role-based-access-control/built-in-roles",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Customize role-based access control (RBAC) roles for SAP on Azure spoke subscriptions to avoid accidental network-related changes",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/secure-azure-resources-with-rbac/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "56ad4840-8fe7-4273-9c48-6ba280dc0591",
            "link": "https://blogs.sap.com/2019/07/21/sap-security-operations-on-azure/",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Isolate DMZs and NVAs from the rest of the SAP estate, configure Azure Private Link, and securely manage and control the SAP on Azure resources",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/dmz/secure-vnet-dmz?tabs=portal",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "e124ba34-df68-45ed-bce9-bd3bb0cdb3b5",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/secure-vms-with-azure-security-center/?source=recommendations",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Consider using Microsoft anti-malware software on Azure to protect your virtual machines from malicious files, adware, and other threats.",
            "training": "https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/deploying-antimalware-solutions-on-azure-virtual-machines/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "5eb2ec14-eeaa-4359-8829-e2edb2173676",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/microsoft-defender-endpoint?view=o365-worldwide",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For even more powerful protection, consider using Microsoft Defender for Endpoint.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-endpoint-protection-use-microsoft-defender/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "87a924c4-25c2-419f-a2f0-96c7c4fe4525",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/architecture/guide/sap/sap-whole-landscape",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Isolate the SAP application and database servers from the internet or from the on-premises network by passing all traffic through the hub virtual network, which is connected to the spoke network by virtual network peering. The peered virtual networks guarantee that the SAP on Azure solution is isolated from the public internet.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/explore-azure-networking/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "491ca1c4-3d40-42c0-9d85-b8933999590b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/cloud-adoption-framework/scenarios/sap/eslz-security-governance-and-compliance",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "For internet-facing applications like SAP Fiori, make sure to distribute load per application requirements while maintaining security levels. For Layer 7 security, you can use a third-party Web Application Firewall (WAF) available in the Azure Marketplace.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/simplify-cloud-procurement-governance-azure-marketplace/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "SAP Checklist",
            "guid": "9fc945b9-0527-47af-8200-9d652fe02fcc",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/sap/monitor/enable-tls-azure-monitor-sap-solutions",
            "service": "SAP",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "To enable secure communication in Azure Monitor for SAP solutions, you can choose to use either a root certificate or a server certificate. We highly recommend that you use root certificates.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/implement-azure-monitoring-sap-workloads-azure-virtual-machines/?source=recommendations",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Service Bus Premium provides encryption of data at rest. If you use your own key, the data is still encrypted using the Microsoft-managed key, but in addition the Microsoft-managed key will be encrypted using the customer-managed key. ",
            "guid": "87af4a79-1f89-439b-ba47-768e14c11567",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/configure-customer-managed-key",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Low",
            "text": "Use customer-managed key option in data at rest encryption when required",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/plan-implement-administer-conditional-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "Communication between a client application and an Azure Service Bus namespace is encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS). Azure Service Bus namespaces permit clients to send and receive data with TLS 1.0 and above. To enforce stricter security measures, you can configure your Service Bus namespace to require that clients send and receive data with a newer version of TLS.",
            "guid": "5c1ea55b-46a9-448f-b8ae-7d7e4b475b6c",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/transport-layer-security-enforce-minimum-version",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enforce a minimum required version of Transport Layer Security (TLS) for requests ",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/secure-aad-users-with-mfa/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "When you create a Service Bus namespace, a SAS rule named RootManageSharedAccessKey is automatically created for the namespace. This policy has Manage permissions for the entire namespace. It's recommended that you treat this rule like an administrative root account and don't use it in your application.  Using AAD as an authentication provider with RBAC is recommended. ",
            "guid": "8bcbf59b-ce65-4de8-a03f-97879468d66a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/service-bus-sas#shared-access-authorization-policies",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Avoid using root account when it is not necessary",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/azure-administrator-manage-identities-governance/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "Microsoft Entra ID provides superior security and ease of use over shared access signatures (SAS). With Microsoft Entra ID, there’s no need to store the tokens in your code and risk potential security vulnerabilities. We recommend that you use Microsoft Entra ID with your Azure Service Bus applications when possible.",
            "graph": "Resources | where type =~ 'microsoft.servicebus/namespaces' | extend compliant = iif(properties.disableLocalAuth == 'false', 'No', 'Yes') | project id, compliant",
            "guid": "786d60f9-6c96-4ad8-a55d-04c2b39c986b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/service-bus-messaging/disable-local-authentication",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "When possible, disable SAS key authentication (or local authentication) and use only Microsoft Entra ID for authentication",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-ad-privileged-identity-management/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "When creating permissions, provide fine-grained control over a client's access to Azure Service Bus. Permissions in Azure Service Bus can and should be scoped to the individual resource level e.g. queue, topic or subscription. ",
            "guid": "f615658d-e558-4f93-9249-b831112dbd7e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/authenticate-application#azure-built-in-roles-for-azure-service-bus",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "High",
            "text": "Use least privilege data plane RBAC",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/explore-basic-services-identity-types/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Service Bus resource logs include operational logs,  virtual network and IP filtering logs. Runtime audit logs capture aggregated diagnostic information for various data plane access operations (such as send or receive messages) in Service Bus.",
            "guid": "af12e7f9-43f6-4304-922d-929c2b1cd622",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/monitor-service-bus-reference",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Enable logging for security investigation. Use Azure Monitor to trace resource logs and runtime audit logs (currently available only in the premium tier)",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/manage-identity-and-access/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "Azure Service Bus by default has a public IP address and is Internet-reachable. Private endpoints allow traffic between your virtual network and Azure Service Bus traverses over the Microsoft backbone network. In addition to that, you should disable public endpoints if those are not used. ",
            "guid": "9ae669ca-48e4-4a85-b222-3ece8bb12307",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/private-link-service",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using private endpoints to access Azure Service Bus and disable public network access when applicable.",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/modules/azure-ad-privileged-identity-management/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "arm-service": "Microsoft.ServiceBus/namespaces",
            "checklist": "Service Bus Review Checklist",
            "description": "With IP firewall, you can restrict the public endpoint further to only a set of IPv4 addresses or IPv4 address ranges in CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation. ",
            "guid": "ca5f06f1-58e3-4ea3-a92c-2de7e2165c3a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-bus-messaging/service-bus-ip-filtering",
            "service": "Service Bus",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider only allowing access to Azure Service Bus namespace from specific IP addresses or ranges",
            "training": "https://learn.microsoft.com/learn/paths/implement-resource-mgmt-security/",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'Microsoft.ServiceFabric/managedClusters' | extend compliant = (sku=~'{\"name\":\"Standard\"}') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "182840d2-9ef8-4238-8fd6-0d76186830ac",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/overview-managed-cluster#service-fabric-managed-cluster-skus",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use Standard SKU for production scenarios.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'Microsoft.ServiceFabric/clusters' | extend nodeTypes= array_concat(properties.nodeTypes) | mv-expand nodeTypes | summarize BronzeDurabilityCount = countif(nodeTypes.durabilityLevel == 'Bronze') by id | extend compliant = (BronzeDurabilityCount == 0) | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "182840d2-9ef8-4238-8fd6-0d76186830ac",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-cluster-capacity#durability-characteristics-of-the-cluster",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use durability level Silver (5 VMs) or greater for production scenarios",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'Microsoft.ServiceFabric/managedClusters' | extend compliant= ( properties.zonalResiliency =~ 'true') | distinct id,compliant",
            "guid": "2363878d-55c4-4cbd-9bc2-94523c85f12e",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/how-to-managed-cluster-availability-zones",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Availability Zones for your Service Fabric clusters. Service Fabric managed cluster supports deployments that span across multiple Availability Zones to provide zone resiliency. This configuration will ensure high-availability of the critical system services and your applications to protect from single-points-of-failure.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "5ba74cc8-3ca2-44d5-9a67-bdc8e102e7b4",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-api-management-overview",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Consider using Azure API Management to expose and offload cross-cutting functionality for APIs hosted on the cluster. API Management can integrate with Service Fabric directly.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "ef17bb8f-4e2c-488b-8ceb-a07c3d750dd3",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-reliable-services-introduction",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "For stateful workload scenarios, consider using Reliable Services. The Reliable Services model allows your services to stay up even in unreliable environments where your machines fail or hit network issues, or in cases where the services themselves encounter errors and crash or fail. For stateful services, your state is preserved even in the presence of network or other failures.",
            "waf": "Reliability"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets' | extend vmssExtension= array_concat(properties.virtualMachineProfile.extensionProfile.extensions) | mv-expand vmssExtension | where vmssExtension.properties.publisher matches regex '^Microsoft.Azure.ServiceFabric.*' | summarize arg_max(id, *) | summarize compliant = countif(sku.name matches regex '^Standard_[^d]*$' ) by id",
            "guid": "4da21268-f775-4c89-a271-eb80543c8df7",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Avoid VM SKUs with temp disk offerings. Service Fabric uses managed disks by default, so avoiding temp disk offerings ensures you don't pay for unneeded resources.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "1890b796-f300-41a3-a8d4-29738c1f4ad0",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/how-to-managed-cluster-stateless-node-type#temporary-disk-support",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "If you need to select a certain VM SKU for capacity reasons and it happens to offer temp disk, consider using temporary disk support for your stateless workloads.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "5247bb32-6778-49c7-8b40-e171c9a3ce1e",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Align SKU selection and managed disk size with workload requirements. Matching your selection to your workload demands ensures you don't pay for unneeded resources.",
            "waf": "Cost"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "6028759b-446a-41bc-8b0e-7728e61ca704",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/how-to-managed-cluster-networking#manage-nsg-rules",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Ensure Network Security Groups (NSG) are configured to restrict traffic flow between subnets and node types. For example, you may have an API Management instance (one subnet), a frontend subnet (exposing a website directly), and a backend subnet (accessible only to frontend).",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "graph": "resources | where type=~'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets' | extend vmssExtension= array_concat(properties.virtualMachineProfile.extensionProfile.extensions) | mv-expand vmssExtension | where vmssExtension.properties.publisher matches regex '^Microsoft.Azure.ServiceFabric.*' | summarize arg_max(id, *) | extend compliant = (isnotnull(properties.virtualMachineProfile.osProfile.secrets))",
            "guid": "4e98c903-14cf-4c72-9c45-b8b23bc4cbd8",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-best-practices-security#deploy-key-vault-certificates-to-service-fabric-cluster-virtual-machine-scale-sets",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Deploy Key Vault certificates to Service Fabric cluster virtual machine scale sets. Centralizing storage of application secrets in Azure Key Vault allows you to control their distribution. Key Vault greatly reduces the chances that secrets may be accidentally leaked.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "001cbb6f-d88d-4431-8434-d01333397776",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-best-practices-security#apply-an-access-control-list-acl-to-your-certificate-for-your-service-fabric-cluster",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Apply an Access Control List (ACL) to your client certificate for your Service Fabric cluster. Using an ACL provides an additional level of authentication.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "4b74b7a5-bb1e-4fca-948c-037ba95fb73b",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-resource-governance#resource-governance-mechanism",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Use resource requests and limits to govern resource usage across the nodes in your cluster. Enforcing resource limits helps ensure that one service doesn't consume too many resources and starve other services.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "cd9233ba-f3aa-4353-8d2f-7ea4a64160e6",
            "link": "",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Encrypt Service Fabric package secret values. Encryption on your secret values provides an additional level of security.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "44b989d4-9f72-42b6-99da-ec2a79f83299",
            "link": "",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Include client certificates in Service Fabric applications. Having your applications use client certificates for authentication provides opportunities for security at both the cluster and workload level.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "28e66ff7-4a77-4b2c-910d-0335f141208a",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/how-to-managed-identity-managed-cluster-virtual-machine-scale-sets",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Authenticate Service Fabric applications to Azure Resources using Managed Identity. Using Managed Identity allow you to securely manage the credentials in your code for authenticating to various services without saving them locally on a developer workstation or in source control.",
            "waf": "Security"
        },
        {
            "checklist": "Azure Service Fabric Review Checklist",
            "guid": "f16c413c-00a6-43aa-852c-b97292c33a56",
            "link": "https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/service-fabric/service-fabric-best-practices-security#hosting-untrusted-applications-in-a-service-fabric-cluster",
            "service": "Azure Service Fabric",
            "severity": "Medium",
            "text": "Follow Service Fabric best practices when hosting untrusted applications. Following the best practices provides a security standard to follow.",
            "waf": "Security"
        }
    ],
    "metadata": {
        "name": "WAF checklist",
        "timestamp": "October 25, 2024"
    },
    "severities": [
        {
            "name": "High"
        },
        {
            "name": "Medium"
        },
        {
            "name": "Low"
        }
    ],
    "status": [
        {
            "description": "This check has not been looked at yet",
            "name": "Not verified"
        },
        {
            "description": "There is an action item associated to this check",
            "name": "Open"
        },
        {
            "description": "This check has been verified, and there are no further action items associated to it",
            "name": "Fulfilled"
        },
        {
            "description": "Recommendation understood, but not needed by current requirements",
            "name": "Not required"
        },
        {
            "description": "Not applicable for current design",
            "name": "N/A"
        }
    ]
}