runtests: make random seed fixed for a month

When using randomized features of runtests (-R and --shallow) it is
useful to have a fixed random seed to make sure for example extra
commits in a branch or a rebase won't change the seed that would make
repeated runs work differently.

As it is also useful to change seed sometimes, the default seed is now
determined based on the current month (and first line curl -V
output). When the month changes, so will the random seed.

The specific seed is also shown in the standard test suite top header
and it can be set explictly with the new --seed=[num] option so that the
exact order of a previous run can be achieved.

Closes #4734

tests/runtests.1

@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ people checking the failures and the reasons for them might not have physical
 access to the machine and logs.
 .IP "-R"
 Run the tests in a scrambled, or randomized, order instead of sequentially.
+
+The random seed initially set for this is fixed per month and can be set with
+\fI--seed\fP.
 .IP "-r"
 Display run time statistics. (Requires Perl Time::HiRes module)
 .IP "-rf"
@@ -91,11 +94,18 @@ If \fB-R\fP is also used, the scrambling is done after the repeats have
 extended the test sequence.
 .IP "-s"
 Shorter output. Speaks less than default.
-.IP "--shallow=[num](,seed)"
+.IP "--seed=[num]"
+When using \fI--shallow\fP or \fI-R\rP that random certain aspects of the
+behavior, this option can set the initial seed. If not set, the random seed
+will be set based on the currently set local year and month and the first line
+of the "curl -V" output.
+.IP "--shallow=[num]"
 Used together with \fB-t\fP. This limits the number of tests to fail in
 torture mode to no more than 'num' per test case. If this reduces the amount,
-the given 'seed' will be used to randomly discard entries to fail until the
+the script will randomly discard entries to fail until the amount is 'num'.
-amount is 'num'.
+
+The random seed initially set for this is fixed per month and can be set with
+\fI--seed\fP.
 .IP "-t[num]"
 Selects a \fBtorture\fP test for the given tests. This makes runtests.pl first
 run the tests once and count the number of memory allocations made. It then

tests/runtests.pl

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ BEGIN {
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Cwd;
+use Digest::MD5 qw(md5);
 
 # Subs imported from serverhelp module
 use serverhelp qw(
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@ my $torture;
 my $tortnum;
 my $tortalloc;
 my $shallow;
-my $shallowseed;
+my $randseed = 0;
 
 #######################################################################
 # logmsg is our general message logging subroutine.
@@ -3008,6 +3009,7 @@ sub checksystem {
     logmsg sprintf("* Env: %s%s", $valgrind?"Valgrind ":"",
                    $run_event_based?"event-based ":"");
     logmsg sprintf("%s\n", $libtool?"Libtool ":"");
+    logmsg ("* Seed: $randseed\n");
 
     if($verbose) {
         logmsg "* Ports:\n";
@@ -5046,18 +5048,20 @@ while(@ARGV) {
             $tortalloc = $1;
         }
     }
-    elsif($ARGV[0] =~ /--shallow=(\d+)(,|)(\d*)/) {
+    elsif($ARGV[0] =~ /--shallow=(\d+)/) {
         # Fail no more than this amount per tests when running
         # torture.
-        my ($num, $seed)=($1,$3);
+        my ($num)=($1);
         $shallow=$num;
-        $shallowseed=$seed?$seed:1234; # get a real seed later
-        srand($shallowseed); # make it predictable
     }
     elsif($ARGV[0] =~ /--repeat=(\d+)/) {
         # Repeat-run the given tests this many times
         $repeat = $1;
     }
+    elsif($ARGV[0] =~ /--seed=(\d+)/) {
+        # Set a fixed random seed (used for -R and --shallow)
+        $randseed = $1;
+    }
     elsif($ARGV[0] eq "-a") {
         # continue anyway, even if a test fail
         $anyway=1;
@@ -5118,11 +5122,12 @@ Usage: runtests.pl [options] [test selection(s)]
   -l       list all test case names/descriptions
   -n       no valgrind
   -p       print log file contents when a test fails
-  -R       scrambled order
+  -R       scrambled order (uses the random seed, see --seed)
   -r       run time statistics
   -rf      full run time statistics
   -s       short output
-  --shallow=[num](,seed) make the torture tests thinner
+  --seed=[num] set the random seed to a fixed number
+  --shallow=[num] randomly makes the torture tests "thinner"
   -t[N]    torture (simulate function failures); N means fail Nth function
   -v       verbose output
   -vc path use this curl only to verify the existing servers
@@ -5175,6 +5180,20 @@ EOHELP
     shift @ARGV;
 }
 
+if(!$randseed) {
+    my ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) =
+        localtime(time);
+    # seed of the month. December 2019 becomes 201912
+    $randseed = ($year+1900)*100 + $mon+1;
+    open(C, "$CURL --version 2>/dev/null|");
+    my @c = <C>;
+    close(C);
+    # use the first line of output and get the md5 out of it
+    my $str = md5($c[0]);
+    $randseed += unpack('S', $str);  # unsigned 16 bit value
+}
+srand $randseed;
+
 if(@testthis && ($testthis[0] ne "")) {
     $TESTCASES=join(" ", @testthis);
 }