/*
 *
 * Copyright 2014, Google Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 * distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

// Package credentials implements various credentials supported by gRPC library,
// which encapsulate all the state needed by a client to authenticate with a
// server and make various assertions, e.g., about the client's identity, role,
// or whether it is authorized to make a particular call.
package credentials // import "google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"

import (
	"crypto/tls"
	"crypto/x509"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"golang.org/x/net/context"
)

var (
	// alpnProtoStr are the specified application level protocols for gRPC.
	alpnProtoStr = []string{"h2"}
)

// Credentials defines the common interface all supported credentials must
// implement.
type Credentials interface {
	// GetRequestMetadata gets the current request metadata, refreshing
	// tokens if required. This should be called by the transport layer on
	// each request, and the data should be populated in headers or other
	// context. When supported by the underlying implementation, ctx can
	// be used for timeout and cancellation.
	// TODO(zhaoq): Define the set of the qualified keys instead of leaving
	// it as an arbitrary string.
	GetRequestMetadata(ctx context.Context, audience ...string) (map[string]string, error)
	// RequireTransportSecurity indicates whether the credentails requires
	// transport security.
	RequireTransportSecurity() bool
}

// ProtocolInfo provides information regarding the gRPC wire protocol version,
// security protocol, security protocol version in use, etc.
type ProtocolInfo struct {
	// ProtocolVersion is the gRPC wire protocol version.
	ProtocolVersion string
	// SecurityProtocol is the security protocol in use.
	SecurityProtocol string
	// SecurityVersion is the security protocol version.
	SecurityVersion string
}

// AuthInfo defines the common interface for the auth information the users are interested in.
type AuthInfo interface {
	AuthType() string
}

type authInfoKey struct{}

// NewContext creates a new context with authInfo attached.
func NewContext(ctx context.Context, authInfo AuthInfo) context.Context {
	return context.WithValue(ctx, authInfoKey{}, authInfo)
}

// FromContext returns the authInfo in ctx if it exists.
func FromContext(ctx context.Context) (authInfo AuthInfo, ok bool) {
	authInfo, ok = ctx.Value(authInfoKey{}).(AuthInfo)
	return
}

// TransportAuthenticator defines the common interface for all the live gRPC wire
// protocols and supported transport security protocols (e.g., TLS, SSL).
type TransportAuthenticator interface {
	// ClientHandshake does the authentication handshake specified by the corresponding
	// authentication protocol on rawConn for clients. It returns the authenticated
	// connection and the corresponding auth information about the connection.
	ClientHandshake(addr string, rawConn net.Conn, timeout time.Duration) (net.Conn, AuthInfo, error)
	// ServerHandshake does the authentication handshake for servers. It returns
	// the authenticated connection and the corresponding auth information about
	// the connection.
	ServerHandshake(rawConn net.Conn) (net.Conn, AuthInfo, error)
	// Info provides the ProtocolInfo of this TransportAuthenticator.
	Info() ProtocolInfo
	Credentials
}

// TLSInfo contains the auth information for a TLS authenticated connection.
// It implements the AuthInfo interface.
type TLSInfo struct {
	state tls.ConnectionState
}

func (t TLSInfo) AuthType() string {
	return "tls"
}

// tlsCreds is the credentials required for authenticating a connection using TLS.
type tlsCreds struct {
	// TLS configuration
	config tls.Config
}

func (c tlsCreds) Info() ProtocolInfo {
	return ProtocolInfo{
		SecurityProtocol: "tls",
		SecurityVersion:  "1.2",
	}
}

// GetRequestMetadata returns nil, nil since TLS credentials does not have
// metadata.
func (c *tlsCreds) GetRequestMetadata(ctx context.Context, audience ...string) (map[string]string, error) {
	return nil, nil
}

func (c *tlsCreds) RequireTransportSecurity() bool {
	return true
}

type timeoutError struct{}

func (timeoutError) Error() string   { return "credentials: Dial timed out" }
func (timeoutError) Timeout() bool   { return true }
func (timeoutError) Temporary() bool { return true }

func (c *tlsCreds) ClientHandshake(addr string, rawConn net.Conn, timeout time.Duration) (_ net.Conn, _ AuthInfo, err error) {
	// borrow some code from tls.DialWithDialer
	var errChannel chan error
	if timeout != 0 {
		errChannel = make(chan error, 2)
		time.AfterFunc(timeout, func() {
			errChannel <- timeoutError{}
		})
	}
	if c.config.ServerName == "" {
		colonPos := strings.LastIndex(addr, ":")
		if colonPos == -1 {
			colonPos = len(addr)
		}
		c.config.ServerName = addr[:colonPos]
	}
	conn := tls.Client(rawConn, &c.config)
	if timeout == 0 {
		err = conn.Handshake()
	} else {
		go func() {
			errChannel <- conn.Handshake()
		}()
		err = <-errChannel
	}
	if err != nil {
		rawConn.Close()
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	// TODO(zhaoq): Omit the auth info for client now. It is more for
	// information than anything else.
	return conn, nil, nil
}

func (c *tlsCreds) ServerHandshake(rawConn net.Conn) (net.Conn, AuthInfo, error) {
	conn := tls.Server(rawConn, &c.config)
	if err := conn.Handshake(); err != nil {
		rawConn.Close()
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	return conn, TLSInfo{conn.ConnectionState()}, nil
}

// NewTLS uses c to construct a TransportAuthenticator based on TLS.
func NewTLS(c *tls.Config) TransportAuthenticator {
	tc := &tlsCreds{*c}
	tc.config.NextProtos = alpnProtoStr
	return tc
}

// NewClientTLSFromCert constructs a TLS from the input certificate for client.
func NewClientTLSFromCert(cp *x509.CertPool, serverName string) TransportAuthenticator {
	return NewTLS(&tls.Config{ServerName: serverName, RootCAs: cp})
}

// NewClientTLSFromFile constructs a TLS from the input certificate file for client.
func NewClientTLSFromFile(certFile, serverName string) (TransportAuthenticator, error) {
	b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(certFile)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	cp := x509.NewCertPool()
	if !cp.AppendCertsFromPEM(b) {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("credentials: failed to append certificates")
	}
	return NewTLS(&tls.Config{ServerName: serverName, RootCAs: cp}), nil
}

// NewServerTLSFromCert constructs a TLS from the input certificate for server.
func NewServerTLSFromCert(cert *tls.Certificate) TransportAuthenticator {
	return NewTLS(&tls.Config{Certificates: []tls.Certificate{*cert}})
}

// NewServerTLSFromFile constructs a TLS from the input certificate file and key
// file for server.
func NewServerTLSFromFile(certFile, keyFile string) (TransportAuthenticator, error) {
	cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(certFile, keyFile)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return NewTLS(&tls.Config{Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert}}), nil
}