diff --git a/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/Module.qll b/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/Module.qll
index e9752a02d5b..9e2ca31ee61 100644
--- a/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/Module.qll
+++ b/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/Module.qll
@@ -173,6 +173,11 @@ class Module extends TModule {
     result.getParentModule() = this and
     result.getOwnModuleName() = name
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this is a built-in module, e.g. `Object`.
+   */
+  predicate isBuiltin() { isBuiltinModule(this) }
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/internal/Module.qll b/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/internal/Module.qll
index f6fa4ca1528..6905dd5ff2d 100644
--- a/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/internal/Module.qll
+++ b/ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/ast/internal/Module.qll
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ private module Cached {
     result = getAnAssumedGlobalNamespacePrefix(n)
   }
 
+  cached
+  predicate isBuiltinModule(Module m) { m = TResolved(builtin()) }
+
   cached
   Module getSuperClass(Module cls) {
     cls = TResolved("Object") and result = TResolved("BasicObject")
diff --git a/ruby/ql/src/queries/modeling/internal/Types.qll b/ruby/ql/src/queries/modeling/internal/Types.qll
index 6f83f2f524b..444bc2de929 100644
--- a/ruby/ql/src/queries/modeling/internal/Types.qll
+++ b/ruby/ql/src/queries/modeling/internal/Types.qll
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 private import ruby
 private import codeql.ruby.ApiGraphs
 private import Util as Util
+private import codeql.ruby.ast.Module
+private import codeql.ruby.ast.internal.Module
 
 /**
  * Contains predicates for generating `typeModel`s that contain typing
@@ -42,5 +44,14 @@ module Types {
       valueHasTypeName(node.getAValueReachingSink(), type1) and
       Util::pathToNode(node, type2, path, true)
     )
+    or
+    // class Type2 < Type1
+    // class Type2; include Type1
+    // class Type2; extend Type1
+    exists(Module m1, Module m2 |
+      m2.getAnImmediateAncestor() = m1 and not m2.isBuiltin() and not m1.isBuiltin()
+    |
+      m1.getQualifiedName() = type1 and m2.getQualifiedName() = type2 and path = ""
+    )
   }
 }