putty/sftp.c

/*
 * sftp.c: SFTP generic client code.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "int64.h"
#include "sftp.h"

#define smalloc malloc
#define srealloc realloc
#define sfree free

#define GET_32BIT(cp) \
    (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0] << 24) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1] << 16) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[2] << 8) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[3]))

#define PUT_32BIT(cp, value) { \
    (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 24); \
    (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 16); \
    (cp)[2] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8); \
    (cp)[3] = (unsigned char)(value); }

struct sftp_packet {
    char *data;
    int length, maxlen;
    int savedpos;
    int type;
};

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SFTP packet construction functions.
 */
static void sftp_pkt_ensure(struct sftp_packet *pkt, int length) {
    if (pkt->maxlen < length) {
        pkt->maxlen = length + 256;
	pkt->data = srealloc(pkt->data, pkt->maxlen);
    }
}
static void sftp_pkt_adddata(struct sftp_packet *pkt, void *data, int len) {
    pkt->length += len;
    sftp_pkt_ensure(pkt, pkt->length);
    memcpy(pkt->data+pkt->length-len, data, len);
}
static void sftp_pkt_addbyte(struct sftp_packet *pkt, unsigned char byte) {
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, &byte, 1);
}
static struct sftp_packet *sftp_pkt_init(int pkt_type) {
    struct sftp_packet *pkt;
    pkt = smalloc(sizeof(struct sftp_packet));
    pkt->data = NULL;
    pkt->savedpos = -1;
    pkt->length = 0;
    pkt->maxlen = 0;
    sftp_pkt_addbyte(pkt, (unsigned char)pkt_type);
    return pkt;
}
static void sftp_pkt_addbool(struct sftp_packet *pkt, unsigned char value) {
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, &value, 1);
}
static void sftp_pkt_adduint32(struct sftp_packet *pkt, unsigned long value) {
    unsigned char x[4];
    PUT_32BIT(x, value);
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, x, 4);
}
static void sftp_pkt_adduint64(struct sftp_packet *pkt, uint64 value) {
    unsigned char x[8];
    PUT_32BIT(x, value.hi);
    PUT_32BIT(x+4, value.lo);
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, x, 8);
}
static void sftp_pkt_addstring_start(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pkt, 0);
    pkt->savedpos = pkt->length;
}
static void sftp_pkt_addstring_str(struct sftp_packet *pkt, char *data) {
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, data, strlen(data));
    PUT_32BIT(pkt->data + pkt->savedpos - 4,
              pkt->length - pkt->savedpos);
}
static void sftp_pkt_addstring_data(struct sftp_packet *pkt,
				    char *data, int len) {
    sftp_pkt_adddata(pkt, data, len);
    PUT_32BIT(pkt->data + pkt->savedpos - 4,
              pkt->length - pkt->savedpos);
}
static void sftp_pkt_addstring(struct sftp_packet *pkt, char *data) {
    sftp_pkt_addstring_start(pkt);
    sftp_pkt_addstring_str(pkt, data);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SFTP packet decode functions.
 */

static unsigned char sftp_pkt_getbyte(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    unsigned long value;
    if (pkt->length - pkt->savedpos < 1)
        return 0;                      /* arrgh, no way to decline (FIXME?) */
    value = (unsigned char) pkt->data[pkt->savedpos];
    pkt->savedpos++;
    return value;
}
static unsigned long sftp_pkt_getuint32(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    unsigned long value;
    if (pkt->length - pkt->savedpos < 4)
        return 0;                      /* arrgh, no way to decline (FIXME?) */
    value = GET_32BIT(pkt->data+pkt->savedpos);
    pkt->savedpos += 4;
    return value;
}
static void sftp_pkt_getstring(struct sftp_packet *pkt,
			       char **p, int *length) {
    *p = NULL;
    if (pkt->length - pkt->savedpos < 4)
        return;
    *length = GET_32BIT(pkt->data+pkt->savedpos);
    pkt->savedpos += 4;
    if (pkt->length - pkt->savedpos < *length)
        return;
    *p = pkt->data+pkt->savedpos;
    pkt->savedpos += *length;
}
static struct fxp_attrs sftp_pkt_getattrs(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    struct fxp_attrs ret;
    ret.flags = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
    if (ret.flags & SSH_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE) {
	unsigned long hi, lo;
	hi = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
	lo = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
	ret.size = uint64_make(hi, lo);
    }
    if (ret.flags & SSH_FILEXFER_ATTR_UIDGID) {
	ret.uid = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
	ret.gid = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
    }
    if (ret.flags & SSH_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) {
	ret.permissions = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
    }
    if (ret.flags & SSH_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME) {
	ret.atime = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
	ret.mtime = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
    }
    if (ret.flags & SSH_FILEXFER_ATTR_EXTENDED) {
	int count;
	count = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pkt);
	while (count--) {
	    char *str;
	    int len;
	    /*
	     * We should try to analyse these, if we ever find one
	     * we recognise.
	     */
	    sftp_pkt_getstring(pkt, &str, &len);
	    sftp_pkt_getstring(pkt, &str, &len);
	}
    }
    return ret;
}
static void sftp_pkt_free(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    if (pkt->data) sfree(pkt->data);
    sfree(pkt);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Send and receive packet functions. FIXME: change for PuTTY.
 */
int tossh, fromssh;
int io_init(void) {
    int to[2], from[2];
    int pid;

    assert(pipe(to) == 0);
    assert(pipe(from) == 0);
    pid = fork();
    assert(pid >= 0);
    if (pid == 0) {
	/* We are child. Dup one end of each pipe to our std[io],
	 * close other end, exec. */
	close(0); dup2(to[0], 0); close(to[1]);
	close(1); dup2(from[1], 1); close(from[0]);
	execl("/home/simon/src/openssh/openssh_cvs/prefix/bin/ssh", "ssh", "-2", "simon@localhost", "-s", "sftp", NULL);
	assert(0);		       /* bomb out if not */
    } else {
	/* We are parent. Close wrong end of each pipe, assign to glob vars. */
	close(to[0]); tossh = to[1];
	close(from[1]); fromssh = from[0];
    }
}
int io_finish(void) {
    int pid, status;
    close(tossh);
    close(fromssh);
    pid = wait(&status);
}
int sftp_send(struct sftp_packet *pkt) {
    char x[4];
    PUT_32BIT(x, pkt->length);
    assert(4 == write(tossh, x, 4));
    assert(pkt->length = write(tossh, pkt->data, pkt->length));
    sftp_pkt_free(pkt);
}
struct sftp_packet *sftp_recv(void) {
    struct sftp_packet *pkt;
    char x[4];
    int p, ret;

    for (p = 0; p < 4 ;) {
	ret = read(fromssh, x+p, 4-p);
	assert(ret >= 0);
	if (ret == 0)
	    return NULL;
	p += ret;
    }

    pkt = smalloc(sizeof(struct sftp_packet));
    pkt->savedpos = 0;
    pkt->length = pkt->maxlen = GET_32BIT(x);
    pkt->data = smalloc(pkt->length);

    for (p = 0; p < pkt->length ;) {
	ret = read(fromssh, pkt->data+p, pkt->length-p);
	assert(ret >= 0);
	if (ret == 0) {
	    sftp_pkt_free(pkt);
	    return NULL;
	}
	p += ret;
    }

    pkt->type = sftp_pkt_getbyte(pkt);

    return pkt;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 * String handling routines.
 */

static char *mkstr(char *s, int len) {
    char *p = smalloc(len+1);
    memcpy(p, s, len);
    p[len] = '\0';
    return p;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SFTP primitives.
 */

static const char *fxp_error_message;
static int fxp_errtype;

/*
 * Deal with (and free) an FXP_STATUS packet. Return 1 if
 * SSH_FX_OK, 0 if SSH_FX_EOF, and -1 for anything else (error).
 * Also place the status into fxp_errtype.
 */
static int fxp_got_status(struct sftp_packet *pktin) {
    static const char *const messages[] = {
	/* SSH_FX_OK. The only time we will display a _message_ for this
	 * is if we were expecting something other than FXP_STATUS on
	 * success, so this is actually an error message! */
	"unexpected OK response",
	"end of file",
	"no such file or directory",
	"permission denied",
	"failure",
	"bad message",
	"no connection",
	"connection lost",
	"operation unsupported",
    };

    if (pktin->type != SSH_FXP_STATUS) {
	fxp_error_message = "expected FXP_STATUS packet";
	fxp_errtype = -1;
    } else {
	fxp_errtype = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
	if (fxp_errtype < 0 ||
	    fxp_errtype >= sizeof(messages)/sizeof(*messages))
	    fxp_error_message = "unknown error code";
	else
	    fxp_error_message = messages[fxp_errtype];
    }

    if (fxp_errtype == SSH_FX_OK)
	return 1;
    else if (fxp_errtype == SSH_FX_EOF)
	return 0;
    else
	return -1;
}

static int fxp_internal_error(char *msg) {
    fxp_error_message = msg;
    fxp_errtype = -1;
}

const char *fxp_error(void) {
    return fxp_error_message;
}

int fxp_error_type(void) {
    return fxp_errtype;
}

/*
 * Perform exchange of init/version packets. Return 0 on failure.
 */
int fxp_init(void) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktout, *pktin;
    int remotever;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_INIT);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, SFTP_PROTO_VERSION);
    sftp_send(pktout);

    pktin = sftp_recv();
    if (pktin->type != SSH_FXP_VERSION) {
	fxp_internal_error("did not receive FXP_VERSION");
	return 0;
    }
    remotever = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (remotever > SFTP_PROTO_VERSION) {
	fxp_internal_error("remote protocol is more advanced than we support");
	return 0;
    }
    /*
     * In principle, this packet might also contain extension-
     * string pairs. We should work through them and look for any
     * we recognise. In practice we don't currently do so because
     * we know we don't recognise _any_.
     */
    sftp_pkt_free(pktin);

    return 1;
}

/*
 * Canonify a pathname. Concatenate the two given path elements
 * with a separating slash, unless the second is NULL.
 */
char *fxp_realpath(char *path, char *path2) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_REALPATH);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0x123); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring_start(pktout);
    sftp_pkt_addstring_str(pktout, path);
    if (path2) {
	sftp_pkt_addstring_str(pktout, "/");
	sftp_pkt_addstring_str(pktout, path2);
    }
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0x123) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch\n");
	return NULL;
    }
    if (pktin->type == SSH_FXP_NAME) {
	int count;
	char *path;
	int len;

	count = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
	if (count != 1) {
	    fxp_internal_error("REALPATH returned name count != 1\n");
	    return NULL;
	}
	sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &path, &len);
	if (!path) {
	    fxp_internal_error("REALPATH returned malformed FXP_NAME\n");
	    return NULL;
	}
	path = mkstr(path, len);
	sftp_pkt_free(pktin);
	return path;
    } else {
	fxp_got_status(pktin);
	return NULL;
    }
}

/*
 * Open a file.
 */
struct fxp_handle *fxp_open(char *path, int type) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_OPEN);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0x567); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, path);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, type);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0);     /* (FIXME) empty ATTRS structure */
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0x567) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch\n");
	return NULL;
    }
    if (pktin->type == SSH_FXP_HANDLE) {
	int count;
	char *hstring;
	struct fxp_handle *handle;
	int len;

	sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &hstring, &len);
	if (!hstring) {
	    fxp_internal_error("OPEN returned malformed FXP_HANDLE\n");
	    return NULL;
	}
	handle = smalloc(sizeof(struct fxp_handle));
	handle->hstring = mkstr(hstring, len);
	sftp_pkt_free(pktin);
	return handle;
    } else {
	fxp_got_status(pktin);
	return NULL;
    }
}

/*
 * Open a directory.
 */
struct fxp_handle *fxp_opendir(char *path) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_OPENDIR);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0x456); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, path);
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0x456) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch\n");
	return NULL;
    }
    if (pktin->type == SSH_FXP_HANDLE) {
	int count;
	char *hstring;
	struct fxp_handle *handle;
	int len;

	sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &hstring, &len);
	if (!hstring) {
	    fxp_internal_error("OPENDIR returned malformed FXP_HANDLE\n");
	    return NULL;
	}
	handle = smalloc(sizeof(struct fxp_handle));
	handle->hstring = mkstr(hstring, len);
	sftp_pkt_free(pktin);
	return handle;
    } else {
	fxp_got_status(pktin);
	return NULL;
    }
}

/*
 * Close a file/dir.
 */
void fxp_close(struct fxp_handle *handle) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_CLOSE);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0x789); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, handle->hstring);
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0x789) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch\n");
	return;
    }
    fxp_got_status(pktin);
    sfree(handle->hstring);
    sfree(handle);
}

/*
 * Read from a file. Returns the number of bytes read, or -1 on an
 * error, or possibly 0 if EOF. (I'm not entirely sure whether it
 * will return 0 on EOF, or return -1 and store SSH_FX_EOF in the
 * error indicator. It might even depend on the SFTP server.)
 */
int fxp_read(struct fxp_handle *handle, char *buffer, uint64 offset, int len) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_READ);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0xBCD); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, handle->hstring);
    sftp_pkt_adduint64(pktout, offset);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, len);
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0xBCD) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch");
	return;
    }
    if (pktin->type == SSH_FXP_DATA) {
	char *str;
	int rlen;

	sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &str, &rlen);

	if (rlen > len || rlen < 0) {
	    fxp_internal_error("READ returned more bytes than requested");
	    return -1;
	}

	memcpy(buffer, str, rlen);
	sfree(pktin);
	return rlen;
    } else {
	fxp_got_status(pktin);
	return -1;
    }
}

/*
 * Read from a directory.
 */
struct fxp_names *fxp_readdir(struct fxp_handle *handle) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_READDIR);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0xABC); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, handle->hstring);
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    if (id != 0xABC) {
	fxp_internal_error("request ID mismatch\n");
	return;
    }
    if (pktin->type == SSH_FXP_NAME) {
	struct fxp_names *ret;
	int i;
	ret = smalloc(sizeof(struct fxp_names));
	ret->nnames = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
	ret->names = smalloc(ret->nnames * sizeof(struct fxp_name));
	for (i = 0; i < ret->nnames; i++) {
	    char *str;
	    int len;
	    sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &str, &len);
	    ret->names[i].filename = mkstr(str, len);
	    sftp_pkt_getstring(pktin, &str, &len);
	    ret->names[i].longname = mkstr(str, len);
	    ret->names[i].attrs = sftp_pkt_getattrs(pktin);
	}
	return ret;
    } else {
	fxp_got_status(pktin);
	return NULL;
    }
}

/*
 * Write to a file. Returns 0 on error, 1 on OK.
 */
int fxp_write(struct fxp_handle *handle, char *buffer, uint64 offset, int len) {
    struct sftp_packet *pktin, *pktout;
    int id;

    pktout = sftp_pkt_init(SSH_FXP_WRITE);
    sftp_pkt_adduint32(pktout, 0xDCB); /* request id */
    sftp_pkt_addstring(pktout, handle->hstring);
    sftp_pkt_adduint64(pktout, offset);
    sftp_pkt_addstring_start(pktout);
    sftp_pkt_addstring_data(pktout, buffer, len);
    sftp_send(pktout);
    pktin = sftp_recv();
    id = sftp_pkt_getuint32(pktin);
    fxp_got_status(pktin);
    return fxp_errtype == SSH_FX_OK;
}

/*
 * Free up an fxp_names structure.
 */
void fxp_free_names(struct fxp_names *names) {
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < names->nnames; i++) {
	sfree(names->names[i].filename);
	sfree(names->names[i].longname);
    }
    sfree(names->names);
    sfree(names);
}