ruby/lib/net/smtp.rb

=begin

= net/smtp.rb

Copyright (c) 1999-2001 Yukihiro Matsumoto

written & maintained by Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net>

This program is free software. You can re-distribute and/or
modify this program under the same terms as Ruby itself,
Ruby Distribute License or GNU General Public License.

NOTE: You can find Japanese version of this document in
the doc/net directory of the standard ruby interpreter package.

$Id$

== What is This Module?

This module provides your program the functions to send internet
mail via SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. For details of
SMTP itself, refer [RFC2821] ((<URL:http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt>)).

== What This Module is NOT?

This module does NOT provide the functions to compose internet
mail. You must create it by yourself. For details of internet mail
format, see [RFC2822] ((<URL:http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt>)).

== Examples

=== Sending Mail

You must open connection to SMTP server before sending mails.
First argument is the address of SMTP server, and second argument
is port number. Using SMTP.start with block is the most simple way
to do it. SMTP Connection is closed automatically after block is
executed.

    require 'net/smtp'
    Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 ) {|smtp|
        # use smtp object only in this block
    }

Replace 'your.smtp.server' by your SMTP server. Normally
your system manager or internet provider is supplying a server
for you.

Then you can send mail.

    require 'net/smtp'

    Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 ) {|smtp|
        smtp.send_mail <<EndOfMail, 'your@mail.address', 'to@some.domain'
    From: Your Name <your@mail.address>
    To: Dest Address <to@some.domain>
    Subject: test mail
    Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 16:26:43 +0900
    Message-Id: <unique.message.id.string@some.domain>

    This is test mail.
    EndOfMail
    }

=== Closing Session

You MUST close SMTP session after sending mails, by calling #finish
method. You can also use block form of SMTP.start/SMTP#start, which
closes session automatically. I strongly recommend later one. It is
more beautiful and simple.

    # using SMTP#finish
    smtp = Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 )
    smtp.send_mail mail_string, 'from@address', 'to@address'
    smtp.finish

    # using block form of SMTP.start
    Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 ) {|smtp|
        smtp.send_mail mail_string, 'from@address', 'to@address'
    }

=== Sending Mails from Any Sources

In an example above I sent mail from String (here document literal).
SMTP#send_mail accepts any objects which has "each" method
like File and Array.

    require 'net/smtp'
    Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 ) {|smtp|
        File.open( 'Mail/draft/1' ) {|f|
            smtp.send_mail f, 'your@mail.address', 'to@some.domain'
        }
    }

=== HELO domain

In almost all situation, you must designate the third argument
of SMTP.start/SMTP#start. It is the domain name which you are on
(the host to send mail from). It is called "HELO domain".
SMTP server will judge if he/she should send or reject
the SMTP session by inspecting HELO domain.

    Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25,
                     'mail.from.domain' ) {|smtp|


== class Net::SMTP

=== Class Methods

: new( address, port = 25 )
    creates a new Net::SMTP object.

: start( address, port = 25, helo_domain = 'localhost.localdomain', account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil )
: start( address, port = 25, helo_domain = 'localhost.localdomain', account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil ) {|smtp| .... }
    is equal to
        Net::SMTP.new(address,port).start(helo_domain,account,password,authtype)

        # example
        Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server' ) {
            smtp.send_mail mail_string, 'from@mail.address', 'dest@mail.address'
        }

=== Instance Methods

: start( helo_domain = <local host name>, account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil )
: start( helo_domain = <local host name>, account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil ) {|smtp| .... }
    opens TCP connection and starts SMTP session.
    HELO_DOMAIN is a domain that you'll dispatch mails from.
    If protocol had been started, raises IOError.

    When this methods is called with block, give a SMTP object to block and
    close session after block call finished.

    If both of account and password are given, is trying to get
    authentication by using AUTH command. :plain or :cram_md5 is
    allowed for AUTHTYPE.

: active?
    true if SMTP session is started.

: address
    the address to connect

: port
    the port number to connect

: open_timeout
: open_timeout=(n)
    seconds to wait until connection is opened.
    If SMTP object cannot open a conection in this seconds,
    it raises TimeoutError exception.

: read_timeout
: read_timeout=(n)
    seconds to wait until reading one block (by one read(1) call).
    If SMTP object cannot open a conection in this seconds,
    it raises TimeoutError exception.

: finish
    finishes SMTP session.
    If SMTP session had not started, raises an IOError.

: send_mail( mailsrc, from_addr, *to_addrs )
    This method sends MAILSRC as mail. A SMTP object read strings
    from MAILSRC by calling "each" iterator, with converting them
    into CRLF ("\r\n") terminated string when write.

    FROM_ADDR must be a String, representing source mail address.
    TO_ADDRS must be Strings or an Array of Strings, representing
    destination mail addresses.

        # example
        Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server' ) {|smtp|
            smtp.send_mail mail_string,
                           'from@mail.address',
                           'dest@mail.address' 'dest2@mail.address'
        }

: ready( from_addr, *to_addrs ) {|adapter| .... }
    This method stands by the SMTP object for sending mail and
    gives adapter object to the block. ADAPTER has these 5 methods:

        puts print printf write <<

    FROM_ADDR must be a String, representing source mail address.
    TO_ADDRS must be Strings or an Array of Strings, representing
    destination mail addresses.

        # example
        Net::SMTP.start( 'your.smtp.server', 25 ) {|smtp|
	    smtp.ready( 'from@mail.addr', 'dest@mail.addr' ) {|f|
                f.puts 'From: aamine@loveruby.net'
                f.puts 'To: someone@somedomain.org'
                f.puts 'Subject: test mail'
                f.puts
                f.puts 'This is test mail.'
	    }
        }

== Exceptions

SMTP objects raise these exceptions:
: Net::ProtoSyntaxError
    syntax error (errno.500)
: Net::ProtoFatalError
    fatal error (errno.550)
: Net::ProtoUnknownError
    unknown error. (is probably bug)
: Net::ProtoServerBusy
    temporary error (errno.420/450)

=end

require 'net/protocol'
require 'digest/md5'


module Net

  class SMTP < Protocol

    protocol_param :port,         '25'
    protocol_param :command_type, '::Net::SMTPCommand'

    def initialize( addr, port = nil )
      super
      @esmtp = true
    end

    attr :esmtp

    private

    def do_start( helo = 'localhost.localdomain',
                  user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil )
      conn_socket
      conn_command

      begin
        if @esmtp then
          command().ehlo helo
        else
          command().helo helo
        end
      rescue ProtocolError
        if @esmtp then
          @esmtp = false
          command().error_ok
          retry
        else
          raise
        end
      end

      if user or secret then
        (user and secret) or
            raise ArgumentError, 'both of account and password are required'

        mid = 'auth_' + (authtype || 'cram_md5').to_s
        command().respond_to? mid or
            raise ArgumentError, "wrong auth type #{authtype.to_s}"

        command().__send__ mid, user, secret
      end
    end

    def do_finish
      disconn_command
      disconn_socket
    end


    #
    # SMTP operations
    #

    public

    def send_mail( mailsrc, from_addr, *to_addrs )
      do_ready from_addr, to_addrs.flatten
      command().write_mail mailsrc, nil
    end

    alias sendmail send_mail

    def ready( from_addr, *to_addrs, &block )
      do_ready from_addr, to_addrs.flatten
      command().write_mail nil, block
    end

    private

    def do_ready( from_addr, to_addrs )
      if to_addrs.empty? then
        raise ArgumentError, 'mail destination does not given'
      end
      command().mailfrom from_addr
      command().rcpt to_addrs
      command().data
    end

  end


  class SMTPCommand < Command

    def initialize( sock )
      super
      atomic {
          check_reply SuccessCode
      }
    end

    def helo( domain )
      atomic {
          getok sprintf('HELO %s', domain)
      }
    end

    def ehlo( domain )
      atomic {
          getok sprintf('EHLO %s', domain)
      }
    end

    # "PLAIN" authentication [RFC2554]
    def auth_plain( user, secret )
      atomic {
          getok sprintf('AUTH PLAIN %s',
                        ["\0#{user}\0#{secret}"].pack('m').chomp)
      }
    end

    # "CRAM-MD5" authentication [RFC2195]
    def auth_cram_md5( user, secret )
      atomic {
          rep = getok( 'AUTH CRAM-MD5', ContinueCode )
          challenge = rep.msg.split(' ')[1].unpack('m')[0]
          secret = Digest::MD5.digest(secret) if secret.size > 64

          isecret = secret + "\0" * (64 - secret.size)
          osecret = isecret.dup
          0.upto( 63 ) do |i|
            isecret[i] ^= 0x36
            osecret[i] ^= 0x5c
          end
          tmp = Digest::MD5.digest( isecret + challenge )
          tmp = Digest::MD5.hexdigest( osecret + tmp )

          getok [user + ' ' + tmp].pack('m').chomp
      }
    end

    def mailfrom( fromaddr )
      atomic {
          getok sprintf('MAIL FROM:<%s>', fromaddr)
      }
    end

    def rcpt( toaddrs )
      toaddrs.each do |i|
        atomic {
            getok sprintf('RCPT TO:<%s>', i)
        }
      end
    end

    def data
      return unless begin_atomic
      getok 'DATA', ContinueCode
    end

    def write_mail( mailsrc, block )
      @socket.write_pendstr mailsrc, &block
      check_reply SuccessCode
      end_atomic
    end

    def quit
      atomic {
          getok 'QUIT'
      }
    end

    private

    def get_reply
      arr = read_reply
      stat = arr[0][0,3]

      klass = case stat[0]
              when ?2 then SuccessCode
              when ?3 then ContinueCode
              when ?4 then ServerErrorCode
              when ?5 then
                case stat[1]
                when ?0 then SyntaxErrorCode
                when ?3 then AuthErrorCode
                when ?5 then FatalErrorCode
                end
              end
      klass ||= UnknownCode

      Response.new( klass, stat, arr.join('') )
    end

    def read_reply
      arr = []
      while true do
        str = @socket.readline
        break unless str[3] == ?-   # ex: "210-..."
        arr.push str
      end
      arr.push str

      arr
    end

  end


  # for backward compatibility

  SMTPSession = SMTP

  module NetPrivate
    SMTPCommand = ::Net::SMTPCommand
  end

end   # module Net