* ext/date/date_core.c: modified documentation.

git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@31675 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
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tadf 2011-05-21 16:36:40 +00:00
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@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
Sun May 22 01:35:12 2011 Tadayoshi Funaba <tadf@dotrb.org>
* ext/date/date_core.c: modified documentation.
Sat May 21 22:46:26 2011 Tadayoshi Funaba <tadf@dotrb.org>
* ext/date/date_strftime(date_strftime_with_tmx): "%v" means "%e-%b-%Y".

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@ -1575,17 +1575,17 @@ date_s__valid_civil_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* call-seq:
* Date.valid_civil?(year, month, mday[, start=Date::ITALY])
*
* Do year +y+, month +m+, and day-of-month +d+ make a
* Do +year+, +month+ and +mday+ (day-of-month) make a
* valid Civil Date? Returns true or false.
*
* +m+ and +d+ can be negative, in which case they count
* +month+ and +mday+ can be negative, in which case they count
* backwards from the end of the year and the end of the
* month respectively. No wraparound is performed, however,
* and invalid values cause an ArgumentError to be raised.
* A date falling in the period skipped in the Day of Calendar
* Reform adjustment is not valid.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_valid_civil_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -1670,18 +1670,18 @@ date_s__valid_ordinal_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* call-seq:
* Date.valid_ordinal?(year, yday[, start=Date::ITALY])
*
* Do the year +y+ and day-of-year +d+ make a valid Ordinal Date?
* Do the +year+ and +yday+ (day-of-year) make a valid Ordinal Date?
* Returns true or false.
*
* +d+ can be a negative number, in which case it counts backwards
* +yday+ can be a negative number, in which case it counts backwards
* from the end of the year (-1 being the last day of the year).
* No year wraparound is performed, however, so valid values of
* +d+ are -365 .. -1, 1 .. 365 on a non-leap-year,
* +yday+ are -365 .. -1, 1 .. 365 on a non-leap-year,
* -366 .. -1, 1 .. 366 on a leap year.
* A date falling in the period skipped in the Day of Calendar Reform
* adjustment is not valid.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_valid_ordinal_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -1766,21 +1766,22 @@ date_s__valid_commercial_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* Date.valid_commercial?(year, week, day[, start=Date::ITALY])
* Date.valid_commercial?(cwyear, cweek, cwday[, start=Date::ITALY])
*
* Do year +y+, week-of-year +w+, and day-of-week +d+ make a
* Do +cwyear+ (calendar-week-based-year), +cweek+ (week-of-year)
* and +cwday+ (day-of-week) make a
* valid Commercial Date? Returns true or false.
*
* Monday is day-of-week 1; Sunday is day-of-week 7.
*
* +w+ and +d+ can be negative, in which case they count
* +cweek+ and +cwday+ can be negative, in which case they count
* backwards from the end of the year and the end of the
* week respectively. No wraparound is performed, however,
* and invalid values cause an ArgumentError to be raised.
* A date falling in the period skipped in the Day of Calendar
* Reform adjustment is not valid.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_valid_commercial_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -2243,7 +2244,7 @@ rt_date_s_jd(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Create a new Date object from a Julian Day Number.
*
* +jd+ is the Julian Day Number; if not specified, it defaults to 0.
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_jd(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -2308,15 +2309,15 @@ rt_date_s_ordinal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Date.ordinal([year=-4712[, yday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]])
*
* Create a new Date object from an Ordinal Date, specified
* by year +y+ and day-of-year +d+. +d+ can be negative,
* by +year+ and +yday+ (day-of-year). +yday+ can be negative,
* in which it counts backwards from the end of the year.
* No year wraparound is performed, however. An invalid
* value for +d+ results in an ArgumentError being raised.
* value for +yday+ results in an ArgumentError being raised.
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, and +d+ to 1; this is Julian Day
* +year+ defaults to -4712, and +yday+ to 1; this is Julian Day
* Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_ordinal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -2393,22 +2394,22 @@ rt_date_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* Date.civil([year=-4712[, mon=1[, mday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]]])
* Date.new([year=-4712[, mon=1[, mday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]]])
* Date.civil([year=-4712[, month=1[, mday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]]])
* Date.new([year=-4712[, month=1[, mday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]]])
*
* Create a new Date object for the Civil Date specified by
* year +y+, month +m+, and day-of-month +d+.
* +year+, +month+ and +mday+ (day-of-month).
*
* +m+ and +d+ can be negative, in which case they count
* +month+ and +mday+ can be negative, in which case they count
* backwards from the end of the year and the end of the
* month respectively. No wraparound is performed, however,
* and invalid values cause an ArgumentError to be raised.
* can be negative
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, +m+ to 1, and +d+ to 1; this is
* +year+ defaults to -4712, +month+ to 1, and +mday+ to 1; this is
* Julian Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -2499,19 +2500,20 @@ rt_date_s_commercial(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Date.commercial([cwyear=-4712[, cweek=1[, cwday=1[, start=Date::ITALY]]]])
*
* Create a new Date object for the Commercial Date specified by
* year +y+, week-of-year +w+, and day-of-week +d+.
* +cwyear+ (calendar-week-based-year), +cweek+ (week-of-year)
* and +cwday+ (day-of-week).
*
* Monday is day-of-week 1; Sunday is day-of-week 7.
*
* +w+ and +d+ can be negative, in which case they count
* +cweek+ and +cwday+ can be negative, in which case they count
* backwards from the end of the year and the end of the
* week respectively. No wraparound is performed, however,
* and invalid values cause an ArgumentError to be raised.
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, +w+ to 1, and +d+ to 1; this is
* +cwyear+ defaults to -4712, +cweek+ to 1, and +cwday+ to 1; this is
* Julian Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_commercial(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -2749,7 +2751,7 @@ localtime_r(const time_t *t, struct tm *tm)
*
* Create a new Date object representing today.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_today(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -3285,17 +3287,16 @@ date_s__strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Create a new Date object by parsing from a String
* according to a specified format.
*
* +str+ is a String holding a date representation.
* +fmt+ is the format that the date is in. See
* date/format.rb for details on supported formats.
* +string+ is a String holding a date representation.
* +format+ is the format that the date is in.
*
* The default +str+ is '-4712-01-01', and the default
* +fmt+ is '%F', which means Year-Month-Day_of_Month.
* The default +string+ is '-4712-01-01', and the default
* +format+ is '%F', which means Year-Month-Day_of_Month.
* This gives Julian Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* An ArgumentError will be raised if +str+ cannot be
* An ArgumentError will be raised if +string+ cannot be
* parsed.
*/
static VALUE
@ -3374,18 +3375,17 @@ date_s__parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Create a new Date object by parsing from a String,
* without specifying the format.
*
* +str+ is a String holding a date representation.
* +string+ is a String holding a date representation.
* +comp+ specifies whether to interpret 2-digit years
* as 19XX (>= 69) or 20XX (< 69); the default is to.
* The method will attempt to parse a date from the String
* using various heuristics; see #_parse in date/format.rb
* for more details. If parsing fails, an ArgumentError
* will be raised.
* using various heuristics.
* If parsing fails, an ArgumentError will be raised.
*
* The default +str+ is '-4712-01-01'; this is Julian
* The default +string+ is '-4712-01-01'; this is Julian
* Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
date_s_parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -3887,6 +3887,7 @@ d_right_mon(VALUE self)
/*
* call-seq:
* d.mon
* d.month
*
* Get the month of this date.
*
@ -3913,6 +3914,7 @@ d_right_mday(VALUE self)
/*
* call-seq:
* d.mday
* d.day
*
* Get the day-of-the-month of this date.
*/
@ -4707,16 +4709,16 @@ d_right_plus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
/*
* call-seq:
* d + n
* d + other
*
* Return a new Date object that is +n+ days later than the
* Return a new Date object that is +other+ days later than the
* current one.
*
* +n+ may be a negative value, in which case the new Date
* +otehr+ may be a negative value, in which case the new Date
* is earlier than the current one; however, #-() might be
* more intuitive.
*
* If +n+ is not a Numeric, a TypeError will be thrown. In
* If +other+ is not a Numeric, a TypeError will be thrown. In
* particular, two Dates cannot be added to each other.
*/
static VALUE
@ -4828,17 +4830,16 @@ minus_dd(VALUE self, VALUE other)
/*
* call-seq:
* d - n
* d - d2
* d - other
*
* If +x+ is a Numeric value, create a new Date object that is
* +x+ days earlier than the current one.
* If +other+ is a Numeric value, create a new Date object that is
* +other+ days earlier than the current one.
*
* If +x+ is a Date, return the number of days between the
* If +other+ is a Date, return the number of days between the
* two dates; or, more precisely, how many days later the current
* date is than +x+.
* date is than +other+.
*
* If +x+ is neither Numeric nor a Date, a TypeError is raised.
* If +other+ is neither Numeric nor a Date, a TypeError is raised.
*/
static VALUE
d_lite_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@ -5192,8 +5193,7 @@ cmp_dd(VALUE self, VALUE other)
/*
* call-seq:
* d <=> n
* d <=> d2
* d <=> other
*
* Compare this date with another date.
*
@ -6138,19 +6138,19 @@ rt_datetime_s_jd(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* DateTime.jd([jd=0[, hour=0[, min=0[, sec=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]])
* DateTime.jd([jd=0[, hour=0[, minute=0[, second=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]])
*
* Create a new DateTime object corresponding to the specified
* Julian Day Number +jd+ and hour +h+, minute +min+, second +s+.
* Julian Day Number +jd+, +hour+, +minute+ and +second+.
*
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +h+, +min+, and
* +sec+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +min+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +hour+, +minute+, and
* +second+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +minute+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* wraparound is performed. If an invalid time portion is specified,
* an ArgumentError is raised.
*
* +of+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +offset+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* All day/time values default to 0.
*/
@ -6245,21 +6245,21 @@ rt_datetime_s_ordinal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* DateTime.ordinal([year=-4712[, yday=1[, hour=0[, min=0[, sec=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]])
* DateTime.ordinal([year=-4712[, yday=1[, hour=0[, minute=0[, second=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]])
*
* Create a new DateTime object corresponding to the specified
* Ordinal Date and hour +h+, minute +min+, second +s+.
* Ordinal Date, +hour+, +minute+ and +second+.
*
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +h+, +min+, and
* +sec+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +min+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +hour+, +minute+, and
* +second+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +minute+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* wraparound is performed. If an invalid time portion is specified,
* an ArgumentError is raised.
*
* +of+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +offset+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, and +d+ to 1; this is Julian Day Number
* +year+ defaults to -4712, and +yda+ to 1; this is Julian Day Number
* day 0. The time values default to 0.
*/
static VALUE
@ -6371,22 +6371,22 @@ rt_datetime_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* DateTime.civil([year=-4712[, mon=1[, mday=1[, hour=0[, min=0[, sec=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
* DateTime.new([year=-4712[, mon=1[, mday=1[, hour=0[, min=0[, sec=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
* DateTime.civil([year=-4712[, month=1[, mday=1[, hour=0[, minute=0[, second=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
* DateTime.new([year=-4712[, month=1[, mday=1[, hour=0[, minute=0[, second=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
*
* Create a new DateTime object corresponding to the specified
* Civil Date and hour +h+, minute +min+, second +s+.
* Civil Date, +hour+, +minute+ and +second+.
*
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +h+, +min+, and
* +sec+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +min+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +hour+, +minute+, and
* +second+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +minute+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* wraparound is performed. If an invalid time portion is specified,
* an ArgumentError is raised.
*
* +of+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +offset+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, +m+ to 1, and +d+ to 1; this is Julian Day
* +year+ defaults to -4712, +month+ to 1, and +mday+ to 1; this is Julian Day
* Number day 0. The time values default to 0.
*/
static VALUE
@ -6512,21 +6512,22 @@ rt_datetime_s_commercial(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
/*
* call-seq:
* DateTime.commercial([cwyear=-4712[, cweek=1[, cwday=1[, hour=0[, min=0[, sec=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
* DateTime.commercial([cwyear=-4712[, cweek=1[, cwday=1[, hour=0[, minute=0[, second=0[, offset=0[, start=Date::ITALY]]]]]]]])
*
* Create a new DateTime object corresponding to the specified
* Commercial Date and hour +h+, minute +min+, second +s+.
* Commercial Date, +hour+, +minute+ and +second+.
*
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +h+, +min+, and
* +sec+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +min+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* The 24-hour clock is used. Negative values of +hour+, +minute+, and
* +second+ are treating as counting backwards from the end of the
* next larger unit (e.g. a +minut+ of -2 is treated as 58). No
* wraparound is performed. If an invalid time portion is specified,
* an ArgumentError is raised.
*
* +of+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +offset+ is the offset from UTC as a fraction of a day (defaults to 0).
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* +y+ defaults to -4712, +w+ to 1, and +d+ to 1; this is
* +cwyear+ (calendar-week-based-year) defaults to -4712,
* +cweek+ to 1, and +mday+ to 1; this is
* Julian Day Number day 0.
* The time values default to 0.
*/
@ -6848,7 +6849,7 @@ datetime_s_nth_kday(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
*
* Create a new DateTime object representing the current time.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
datetime_s_now(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -6984,14 +6985,13 @@ datetime_s__strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Create a new DateTime object by parsing from a String
* according to a specified format.
*
* +str+ is a String holding a date-time representation.
* +fmt+ is the format that the date-time is in. See
* date/format.rb for details on supported formats.
* +string+ is a String holding a date-time representation.
* +format+ is the format that the date-time is in.
*
* The default +str+ is '-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00', and the default
* The default +string+ is '-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00', and the default
* +fmt+ is '%FT%T%z'. This gives midnight on Julian Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*
* An ArgumentError will be raised if +str+ cannot be
* parsed.
@ -7029,18 +7029,17 @@ datetime_s_strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
* Create a new DateTime object by parsing from a String,
* without specifying the format.
*
* +str+ is a String holding a date-time representation.
* +string+ is a String holding a date-time representation.
* +comp+ specifies whether to interpret 2-digit years
* as 19XX (>= 69) or 20XX (< 69); the default is to.
* The method will attempt to parse a date-time from the String
* using various heuristics; see #_parse in date/format.rb
* for more details. If parsing fails, an ArgumentError
* will be raised.
* using various heuristics.
* If parsing fails, an ArgumentError will be raised.
*
* The default +str+ is '-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00'; this is Julian
* The default +string+ is '-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00'; this is Julian
* Day Number day 0.
*
* +sg+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
* +start+ specifies the Day of Calendar Reform.
*/
static VALUE
datetime_s_parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@ -7490,6 +7489,7 @@ dt_right_mon(VALUE self)
/*
* call-seq:
* dt.mon
* dt.month
*
* Get the month of this date.
*
@ -7516,6 +7516,7 @@ dt_right_mday(VALUE self)
/*
* call-seq:
* dt.mday
* dt.day
*
* Get the day-of-the-month of this date.
*/
@ -8321,16 +8322,16 @@ dt_right_plus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
/*
* call-seq:
* dt + n
* dt + other
*
* Return a new Date object that is +n+ days later than the
* Return a new Date object that is +other+ days later than the
* current one.
*
* +n+ may be a negative value, in which case the new Date
* +other+ may be a negative value, in which case the new Date
* is earlier than the current one; however, #-() might be
* more intuitive.
*
* If +n+ is not a Numeric, a TypeError will be thrown. In
* If +other+ is not a Numeric, a TypeError will be thrown. In
* particular, two Dates cannot be added to each other.
*/
static VALUE
@ -8464,17 +8465,16 @@ dt_right_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
/*
* call-seq:
* dt - n
* dt - dt2
* dt - other
*
* If +x+ is a Numeric value, create a new Date object that is
* If +other+ is a Numeric value, create a new Date object that is
* +x+ days earlier than the current one.
*
* If +x+ is a Date, return the number of days between the
* If +other+ is a Date, return the number of days between the
* two dates; or, more precisely, how many days later the current
* date is than +x+.
* date is than +other+.
*
* If +x+ is neither Numeric nor a Date, a TypeError is raised.
* If +ohter+ is neither Numeric nor a Date, a TypeError is raised.
*/
static VALUE
dt_lite_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@ -8669,8 +8669,7 @@ dt_right_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
}
/*
* call-seq:
* dt <=> n
* dt <=> d2
* dt <=> other
*
* Compare this date with another date.
*
@ -9770,11 +9769,12 @@ mk_ary_of_str(long len, const char *a[])
}
/*
* date.rb - date and time library
* date and time library
*
* Author: Tadayoshi Funaba 1998-2011
*
* Initial Documentation: William Webber <william@williamwebber.com>
* Initial Documentation for bundled version of Date 2:
* William Webber <william@williamwebber.com>
*
* == Overview
*
@ -9861,7 +9861,7 @@ mk_ary_of_str(long len, const char *a[])
* The Gregorian Calendar was introduced at different times
* in different regions. The day on which it was introduced
* for a particular region is the *Day* *of* *Calendar*
* *Reform* for that region. This is abbreviated as +sg+
* *Reform* for that region. This is abbreviated as +start+
* (for Start of Gregorian calendar) in the Date class.
*
* Two such days are of particular
@ -9896,7 +9896,7 @@ mk_ary_of_str(long len, const char *a[])
* except for converting between them and year-based representations.
*
* In the Date and DateTime classes, the Day of Calendar Reform or
* +sg+ can be specified a number of ways. First, it can be as
* +start+ can be specified a number of ways. First, it can be as
* the Julian Day Number of the Day of Calendar Reform. Second,
* it can be using the constants Date::ITALY or Date::ENGLAND; these
* are in fact the Julian Day Numbers of the Day of Calendar Reform
@ -9918,7 +9918,7 @@ mk_ary_of_str(long len, const char *a[])
* As you travel east, the offset increases until you
* reach the dateline in the middle of the Pacific Ocean;
* as you travel west, the offset decreases. This offset
* is abbreviated as +of+ in the Date class.
* is abbreviated as +offset+ in the Date class.
*
* This simple representation of offsets does not take
* into account the common practice of Daylight Savings
@ -9971,12 +9971,10 @@ Init_date_core(void)
/*
* Class representing a date.
*
* See the documentation to the file date.rb for an overview.
*
* Internally, the date is represented as an Astronomical
* Julian Day Number, +ajd+. The Day of Calendar Reform, +sg+, is
* Julian Day Number, +ajd+. The Day of Calendar Reform, +start+, is
* also stored, for conversions to other date formats. (There
* is also an +of+ field for a time zone offset, but this
* is also an +offset+ field for a time zone offset, but this
* is only for the use of the DateTime subclass.)
*
* A new Date object is created using one of the object creation