зеркало из https://github.com/github/ruby.git
507 строки
20 KiB
Ruby
507 строки
20 KiB
Ruby
# An object of class \Dir represents a directory in the underlying file system.
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#
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# It consists mainly of:
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#
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# - A string _path_, given when the object is created,
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# that specifies a directory in the underlying file system;
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# method #path returns the path.
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# - A collection of string <i>entry names</i>,
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# each of which is the name of a directory or file in the underlying file system;
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# the entry names may be retrieved
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# in an {array-like fashion}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Array-Like]
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# or in a {stream-like fashion}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like].
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#
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# == About the Examples
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#
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# Some examples on this page use this simple file tree:
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#
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# example/
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# ├── config.h
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# ├── lib/
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# │ ├── song/
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# │ │ └── karaoke.rb
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# │ └── song.rb
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# └── main.rb
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#
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# Others use the file tree for the
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# {Ruby project itself}[https://github.com/ruby/ruby].
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#
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# == \Dir As \Array-Like
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#
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# A \Dir object is in some ways array-like:
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#
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# - It has instance methods #children, #each, and #each_child.
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# - It includes {module Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@What-27s+Here].
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#
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# == \Dir As Stream-Like
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#
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# A \Dir object is in some ways stream-like.
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#
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# The stream is initially open for reading,
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# but may be closed manually (using method #close),
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# and will be closed on block exit if created by Dir.open called with a block.
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# The closed stream may not be further manipulated,
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# and may not be reopened.
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#
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# The stream has a _position_, which is the index of an entry in the directory:
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#
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# - The initial position is zero (before the first entry).
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# - \Method #tell (aliased as #pos) returns the position.
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# - \Method #pos= sets the position (but ignores a value outside the stream),
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# and returns the position.
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# - \Method #seek is like #pos=, but returns +self+ (convenient for chaining).
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# - \Method #read, if not at end-of-stream, reads the next entry and increments
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# the position;
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# if at end-of-stream, does not increment the position.
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# - \Method #rewind sets the position to zero.
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#
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# Examples (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
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#
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# dir = Dir.new('example') # => #<Dir:example>
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# dir.pos # => 0
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#
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# dir.read # => "."
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# dir.read # => ".."
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# dir.read # => "config.h"
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# dir.read # => "lib"
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# dir.read # => "main.rb"
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# dir.pos # => 5
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# dir.read # => nil
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# dir.pos # => 5
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#
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# dir.rewind # => #<Dir:example>
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# dir.pos # => 0
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#
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# dir.pos = 3 # => 3
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# dir.pos # => 3
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#
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# dir.seek(4) # => #<Dir:example>
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# dir.pos # => 4
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#
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# dir.close # => nil
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# dir.read # Raises IOError.
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#
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# == What's Here
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#
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# First, what's elsewhere. \Class \Dir:
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#
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# - Inherits from {class Object}[rdoc-ref:Object@What-27s+Here].
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# - Includes {module Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@What-27s+Here],
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# which provides dozens of additional methods.
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#
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# Here, class \Dir provides methods that are useful for:
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#
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# - {Reading}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Reading]
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# - {Setting}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Setting]
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# - {Querying}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Querying]
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# - {Iterating}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Iterating]
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# - {Other}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Other]
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#
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# === Reading
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#
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# - #close: Closes the directory stream for +self+.
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# - #pos=: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+.
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# - #read: Reads and returns the next entry in the directory stream for +self+.
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# - #rewind: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+ to the first entry.
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# - #seek: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+
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# the entry at the given offset.
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#
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# === Setting
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#
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# - ::chdir: Changes the working directory of the current process
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# to the given directory.
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# - ::chroot: Changes the file-system root for the current process
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# to the given directory.
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#
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# === Querying
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#
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# - ::[]: Same as ::glob without the ability to pass flags.
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# - ::children: Returns an array of names of the children
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# (both files and directories) of the given directory,
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# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
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# - ::empty?: Returns whether the given path is an empty directory.
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# - ::entries: Returns an array of names of the children
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# (both files and directories) of the given directory,
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# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
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# - ::exist?: Returns whether the given path is a directory.
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# - ::getwd (aliased as #pwd): Returns the path to the current working directory.
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# - ::glob: Returns an array of file paths matching the given pattern and flags.
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# - ::home: Returns the home directory path for a given user or the current user.
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# - #children: Returns an array of names of the children
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# (both files and directories) of +self+,
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# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
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# - #fileno: Returns the integer file descriptor for +self+.
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# - #path (aliased as #to_path): Returns the path used to create +self+.
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# - #tell (aliased as #pos): Returns the integer position
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# in the directory stream for +self+.
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#
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# === Iterating
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#
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# - ::each_child: Calls the given block with each entry in the given directory,
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# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
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# - ::foreach: Calls the given block with each entry in the given directory,
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# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
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# - #each: Calls the given block with each entry in +self+,
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# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
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# - #each_child: Calls the given block with each entry in +self+,
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# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
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#
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# === Other
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#
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# - ::mkdir: Creates a directory at the given path, with optional permissions.
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# - ::new: Returns a new \Dir for the given path, with optional encoding.
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# - ::open: Same as ::new, but if a block is given, yields the \Dir to the block,
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# closing it upon block exit.
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# - ::unlink (aliased as ::delete and ::rmdir): Removes the given directory.
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# - #inspect: Returns a string description of +self+.
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#
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class Dir
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# call-seq:
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# Dir.open(dirpath) -> dir
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# Dir.open(dirpath, encoding: nil) -> dir
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# Dir.open(dirpath) {|dir| ... } -> object
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# Dir.open(dirpath, encoding: nil) {|dir| ... } -> object
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#
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# Creates a new \Dir object _dir_ for the directory at +dirpath+.
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#
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# With no block, the method equivalent to Dir.new(dirpath, encoding):
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#
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# Dir.open('.') # => #<Dir:.>
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#
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# With a block given, the block is called with the created _dir_;
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# on block exit _dir_ is closed and the block's value is returned:
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#
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# Dir.open('.') {|dir| dir.inspect } # => "#<Dir:.>"
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#
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# The value given with optional keyword argument +encoding+
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# specifies the encoding for the directory entry names;
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# if +nil+ (the default), the file system's encoding is used:
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#
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# Dir.open('.').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
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# Dir.open('.', encoding: 'US-ASCII').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
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#
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def self.open(name, encoding: nil, &block)
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dir = Primitive.dir_s_open(name, encoding)
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if block
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begin
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yield dir
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ensure
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Primitive.dir_s_close(dir)
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end
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else
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dir
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end
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end
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# call-seq:
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# Dir.new(dirpath) -> dir
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# Dir.new(dirpath, encoding: nil) -> dir
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#
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# Returns a new \Dir object for the directory at +dirpath+:
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#
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# Dir.new('.') # => #<Dir:.>
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#
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# The value given with optional keyword argument +encoding+
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# specifies the encoding for the directory entry names;
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# if +nil+ (the default), the file system's encoding is used:
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#
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# Dir.new('.').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
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# Dir.new('.', encoding: 'US-ASCII').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
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#
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def initialize(name, encoding: nil)
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Primitive.dir_initialize(name, encoding)
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end
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# call-seq:
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# Dir[*patterns, base: nil, sort: true] -> array
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#
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# Calls Dir.glob with argument +patterns+
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# and the values of keyword arguments +base+ and +sort+;
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# returns the array of selected entry names.
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#
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def self.[](*args, base: nil, sort: true)
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Primitive.dir_s_aref(args, base, sort)
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end
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# call-seq:
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# Dir.glob(*patterns, flags: 0, base: nil, sort: true) -> array
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# Dir.glob(*patterns, flags: 0, base: nil, sort: true) {|entry_name| ... } -> nil
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#
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# Forms an array _entry_names_ of the entry names selected by the arguments.
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#
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# Argument +patterns+ is a string pattern or an array of string patterns;
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# note that these are not regexps; see below.
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#
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# Notes for the following examples:
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#
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# - <tt>'*'</tt> is the pattern that matches any entry name
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# except those that begin with <tt>'.'</tt>.
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# - We use method Array#take to shorten returned arrays
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# that otherwise would be very large.
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#
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# With no block, returns array _entry_names_;
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# example (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
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#
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# Dir.glob('*') # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
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#
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# With a block, calls the block with each of the _entry_names_
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# and returns +nil+:
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#
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# Dir.glob('*') {|entry_name| puts entry_name } # => nil
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#
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# Output:
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#
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# config.h
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# lib
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# main.rb
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#
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# If optional keyword argument +flags+ is given,
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# the value modifies the matching; see below.
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#
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# If optional keyword argument +base+ is given,
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# its value specifies the base directory.
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# Each pattern string specifies entries relative to the base directory;
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# the default is <tt>'.'</tt>.
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# The base directory is not prepended to the entry names in the result:
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#
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# Dir.glob(pattern, base: 'lib').take(5)
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# # => ["abbrev.gemspec", "abbrev.rb", "base64.gemspec", "base64.rb", "benchmark.gemspec"]
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# Dir.glob(pattern, base: 'lib/irb').take(5)
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# # => ["cmd", "color.rb", "color_printer.rb", "completion.rb", "context.rb"]
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#
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# If optional keyword +sort+ is given, its value specifies whether
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# the array is to be sorted; the default is +true+.
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# Passing value +false+ with that keyword disables sorting
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# (though the underlying file system may already have sorted the array).
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#
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# <b>Patterns</b>
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#
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# Each pattern string is expanded
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# according to certain metacharacters;
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# examples below use the {Ruby file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]:
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#
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# - <tt>'*'</tt>: Matches any substring in an entry name,
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# similar in meaning to regexp <tt>/.*/mx</tt>;
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# may be restricted by other values in the pattern strings:
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#
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# - <tt>'*'</tt> matches all entry names:
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#
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# Dir.glob('*').take(3) # => ["BSDL", "CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING"]
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#
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# - <tt>'c*'</tt> matches entry names beginning with <tt>'c'</tt>:
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#
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# Dir.glob('c*').take(3) # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja"]
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#
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# - <tt>'*c'</tt> matches entry names ending with <tt>'c'</tt>:
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#
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# Dir.glob('*c').take(3) # => ["addr2line.c", "array.c", "ast.c"]
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#
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# - <tt>'\*c\*'</tt> matches entry names that contain <tt>'c'</tt>,
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# even at the beginning or end:
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#
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# Dir.glob('*c*').take(3) # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja"]
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#
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# Does not match Unix-like hidden entry names ("dot files").
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# To include those in the matched entry names,
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# use flag IO::FNM_DOTMATCH or something like <tt>'{*,.*}'</tt>.
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#
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# - <tt>'**'</tt>: Matches entry names recursively
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# if followed by the slash character <tt>'/'</tt>:
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/').take(3) # => ["basictest/", "benchmark/", "benchmark/gc/"]
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#
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# If the string pattern contains other characters
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# or is not followed by a slash character,
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# it is equivalent to <tt>'*'</tt>.
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#
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# - <tt>'?'</tt> Matches any single character;
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# similar in meaning to regexp <tt>/./</tt>:
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#
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# Dir.glob('io.?') # => ["io.c"]
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#
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# - <tt>'[_set_]'</tt>: Matches any one character in the string _set_;
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# behaves like a {Regexp character class}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Character+Classes],
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# including set negation (<tt>'[^a-z]'</tt>):
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#
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# Dir.glob('*.[a-z][a-z]').take(3)
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# # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING.ja", "KNOWNBUGS.rb"]
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#
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# - <tt>'{_abc_,_xyz_}'</tt>:
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# Matches either string _abc_ or string _xyz_;
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# behaves like {Regexp alternation}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Alternation]:
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#
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# Dir.glob('{LEGAL,BSDL}') # => ["LEGAL", "BSDL"]
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#
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# More than two alternatives may be given.
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#
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# - <tt>\\</tt>: Escapes the following metacharacter.
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#
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# Note that on Windows, the backslash character may not be used
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# in a string pattern:
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# <tt>Dir['c:\\foo*']</tt> will not work, use <tt>Dir['c:/foo*']</tt> instead.
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#
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# More examples (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
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#
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# # We're in the example directory.
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# File.basename(Dir.pwd) # => "example"
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# Dir.glob('config.?') # => ["config.h"]
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# Dir.glob('*.[a-z][a-z]') # => ["main.rb"]
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# Dir.glob('*.[^r]*') # => ["config.h"]
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# Dir.glob('*.{rb,h}') # => ["main.rb", "config.h"]
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# Dir.glob('*') # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
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# Dir.glob('*', File::FNM_DOTMATCH) # => [".", "config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
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# Dir.glob(["*.rb", "*.h"]) # => ["main.rb", "config.h"]
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/*.rb')
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# => ["lib/song/karaoke.rb", "lib/song.rb", "main.rb"]
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/*.rb', base: 'lib') # => ["song/karaoke.rb", "song.rb"]
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/lib') # => ["lib"]
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/lib/**/*.rb') # => ["lib/song/karaoke.rb", "lib/song.rb"]
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#
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# Dir.glob('**/lib/*.rb') # => ["lib/song.rb"]
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#
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# <b>Flags</b>
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#
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# If optional keyword argument +flags+ is given (the default is zero -- no flags),
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# its value should be the bitwise OR of one or more of the constants
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# defined in module File::Constants.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# flags = File::FNM_EXTGLOB | File::FNM_DOTMATCH
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#
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# Specifying flags can extend, restrict, or otherwise modify the matching.
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#
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# The flags for this method (other constants in File::Constants do not apply):
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#
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# - File::FNM_DOTMATCH:
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# specifies that entry names beginning with <tt>'.'</tt>
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# should be considered for matching:
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#
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# Dir.glob('*').take(5)
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# # => ["BSDL", "CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja", "GPL"]
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# Dir.glob('*', flags: File::FNM_DOTMATCH).take(5)
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# # => [".", ".appveyor.yml", ".cirrus.yml", ".dir-locals.el", ".document"]
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#
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# - File::FNM_EXTGLOB:
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# enables the pattern extension
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# <tt>'{_a_,_b_}'</tt>, which matches pattern _a_ and pattern _b_;
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# behaves like a
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# {regexp union}[rdoc-ref:Regexp.union]
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# (e.g., <tt>'(?:_a_|_b_)'</tt>):
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#
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# pattern = '{LEGAL,BSDL}'
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# Dir.glob(pattern) # => ["LEGAL", "BSDL"]
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#
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# - File::FNM_NOESCAPE:
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# specifies that escaping with the backslash character <tt>'\'</tt>
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# is disabled; the character is not an escape character.
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#
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# - File::FNM_PATHNAME:
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# specifies that metacharacters <tt>'*'</tt> and <tt>'?'</tt>
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# do not match directory separators.
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#
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# - File::FNM_SHORTNAME:
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# specifies that patterns may match short names if they exist; Windows only.
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#
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def self.glob(pattern, _flags = 0, flags: _flags, base: nil, sort: true)
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Primitive.attr! :use_block
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Primitive.dir_s_glob(pattern, flags, base, sort)
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end
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end
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class << File
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# call-seq:
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# File.fnmatch( pattern, path, [flags] ) -> (true or false)
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# File.fnmatch?( pattern, path, [flags] ) -> (true or false)
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#
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# Returns true if +path+ matches against +pattern+. The pattern is not a
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# regular expression; instead it follows rules similar to shell filename
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# globbing. It may contain the following metacharacters:
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#
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# <code>*</code>::
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# Matches any file. Can be restricted by other values in the glob.
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# Equivalent to <code>/.*/x</code> in regexp.
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#
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# <code>*</code>:: Matches all regular files
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# <code>c*</code>:: Matches all files beginning with <code>c</code>
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# <code>*c</code>:: Matches all files ending with <code>c</code>
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# <code>\*c*</code>:: Matches all files that have <code>c</code> in them
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# (including at the beginning or end).
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#
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# To match hidden files (that start with a <code>.</code>) set the
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# File::FNM_DOTMATCH flag.
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#
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# <code>**</code>::
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# Matches directories recursively or files expansively.
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#
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# <code>?</code>::
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# Matches any one character. Equivalent to <code>/.{1}/</code> in regexp.
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#
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|
# <code>[set]</code>::
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|
# Matches any one character in +set+. Behaves exactly like character sets
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# in Regexp, including set negation (<code>[^a-z]</code>).
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|
#
|
|
# <code>\\</code>::
|
|
# Escapes the next metacharacter.
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|
#
|
|
# <code>{a,b}</code>::
|
|
# Matches pattern a and pattern b if File::FNM_EXTGLOB flag is enabled.
|
|
# Behaves like a Regexp union (<code>(?:a|b)</code>).
|
|
#
|
|
# +flags+ is a bitwise OR of the <code>FNM_XXX</code> constants. The same
|
|
# glob pattern and flags are used by Dir::glob.
|
|
#
|
|
# Examples:
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'cat') #=> true # match entire string
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|
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'category') #=> false # only match partial string
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c{at,ub}s', 'cats') #=> false # { } isn't supported by default
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c{at,ub}s', 'cats', File::FNM_EXTGLOB) #=> true # { } is supported on FNM_EXTGLOB
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c?t', 'cat') #=> true # '?' match only 1 character
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c??t', 'cat') #=> false # ditto
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c*', 'cats') #=> true # '*' match 0 or more characters
|
|
# File.fnmatch('c*t', 'c/a/b/t') #=> true # ditto
|
|
# File.fnmatch('ca[a-z]', 'cat') #=> true # inclusive bracket expression
|
|
# File.fnmatch('ca[^t]', 'cat') #=> false # exclusive bracket expression ('^' or '!')
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT') #=> false # case sensitive
|
|
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT', File::FNM_CASEFOLD) #=> true # case insensitive
|
|
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT', File::FNM_SYSCASE) #=> true or false # depends on the system default
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('?', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # wildcard doesn't match '/' on FNM_PATHNAME
|
|
# File.fnmatch('*', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # ditto
|
|
# File.fnmatch('[/]', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # ditto
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('\?', '?') #=> true # escaped wildcard becomes ordinary
|
|
# File.fnmatch('\a', 'a') #=> true # escaped ordinary remains ordinary
|
|
# File.fnmatch('\a', '\a', File::FNM_NOESCAPE) #=> true # FNM_NOESCAPE makes '\' ordinary
|
|
# File.fnmatch('[\?]', '?') #=> true # can escape inside bracket expression
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('*', '.profile') #=> false # wildcard doesn't match leading
|
|
# File.fnmatch('*', '.profile', File::FNM_DOTMATCH) #=> true # period by default.
|
|
# File.fnmatch('.*', '.profile') #=> true
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', 'main.rb') #=> false
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', './main.rb') #=> false
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', 'lib/song.rb') #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', 'main.rb') #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', './main.rb') #=> false
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', 'lib/song.rb') #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('*', 'dave/.profile') #=> true
|
|
#
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', '/a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'c:/a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/.b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false
|
|
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/.b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME | File::FNM_DOTMATCH) #=> true
|
|
def fnmatch(pattern, path, flags = 0)
|
|
end
|
|
alias fnmatch? fnmatch
|
|
end if false
|