ruby/dir.rb

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14 KiB
Ruby

# Objects of class Dir are directory streams representing
# directories in the underlying file system. They provide a variety
# of ways to list directories and their contents. See also File.
#
# The directory used in these examples contains the two regular files
# (<code>config.h</code> and <code>main.rb</code>), the parent
# directory (<code>..</code>), and the directory itself
# (<code>.</code>).
#
# == What's Here
#
# First, what's elsewhere. \Class \Dir:
#
# - Inherits from {class Object}[Object.html#class-Object-label-What-27s+Here].
# - Includes {module Enumerable}[Enumerable.html#module-Enumerable-label-What-27s+Here],
# which provides dozens of additional methods.
#
# Here, class \Dir provides methods that are useful for:
#
# - {Reading}[#class-Dir-label-Reading]
# - {Setting}[#class-Dir-label-Setting]
# - {Querying}[#class-Dir-label-Querying]
# - {Iterating}[#class-Dir-label-Iterating]
# - {Other}[#class-Dir-label-Other]
#
# === Reading
#
# - #close:: Closes the directory stream for +self+.
# - #pos=:: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+.
# - #read:: Reads and returns the next entry in the directory stream for +self+.
# - #rewind:: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+ to the first entry.
# - #seek:: Sets the position in the directory stream for +self+
# the entry at the given offset.
#
# === Setting
#
# - ::chdir:: Changes the working directory of the current process
# to the given directory.
# - ::chroot:: Changes the file-system root for the current process
# to the given directory.
#
# === Querying
#
# - ::[]:: Same as ::glob without the ability to pass flags.
# - ::children:: Returns an array of names of the children
# (both files and directories) of the given directory,
# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
# - ::empty?:: Returns whether the given path is an empty directory.
# - ::entries:: Returns an array of names of the children
# (both files and directories) of the given directory,
# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
# - ::exist?:: Returns whether the given path is a directory.
# - ::getwd (aliased as #pwd):: Returns the path to the current working directory.
# - ::glob:: Returns an array of file paths matching the given pattern and flags.
# - ::home:: Returns the home directory path for a given user or the current user.
# - #children:: Returns an array of names of the children
# (both files and directories) of +self+,
# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
# - #fileno:: Returns the integer file descriptor for +self+.
# - #path (aliased as #to_path):: Returns the path used to create +self+.
# - #tell (aliased as #pos):: Returns the integer position
# in the directory stream for +self+.
#
# === Iterating
#
# - ::each_child:: Calls the given block with each entry in the given directory,
# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
# - ::foreach:: Calls the given block with each entryin the given directory,
# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
# - #each:: Calls the given block with each entry in +self+,
# including <tt>.</tt> and <tt>..</tt>.
# - #each_child:: Calls the given block with each entry in +self+,
# but not including <tt>.</tt> or <tt>..</tt>.
#
# === Other
#
# - ::mkdir:: Creates a directory at the given path, with optional permissions.
# - ::new:: Returns a new \Dir for the given path, with optional encoding.
# - ::open:: Same as ::new, but if a block is given, yields the \Dir to the block,
# closing it upon block exit.
# - ::unlink (aliased as ::delete and ::rmdir):: Removes the given directory.
# - #inspect:: Returns a string description of +self+.
class Dir
# call-seq:
# Dir.open( string ) -> aDir
# Dir.open( string, encoding: enc ) -> aDir
# Dir.open( string ) {| aDir | block } -> anObject
# Dir.open( string, encoding: enc ) {| aDir | block } -> anObject
#
# The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the directory.
# If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
#
# With no block, <code>open</code> is a synonym for Dir::new. If a
# block is present, it is passed <i>aDir</i> as a parameter. The
# directory is closed at the end of the block, and Dir::open returns
# the value of the block.
def self.open(name, encoding: nil, &block)
dir = Primitive.dir_s_open(name, encoding)
if block
begin
yield dir
ensure
Primitive.dir_s_close(dir)
end
else
dir
end
end
# call-seq:
# Dir.new( string ) -> aDir
# Dir.new( string, encoding: enc ) -> aDir
#
# Returns a new directory object for the named directory.
#
# The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the directory.
# If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
def initialize(name, encoding: nil)
Primitive.dir_initialize(name, encoding)
end
# call-seq:
# Dir[ string [, string ...] [, base: path] [, sort: true] ] -> array
#
# Equivalent to calling
# <code>Dir.glob([</code><i>string,...</i><code>], 0)</code>.
def self.[](*args, base: nil, sort: true)
Primitive.dir_s_aref(args, base, sort)
end
# call-seq:
# Dir.glob( pattern, [flags], [base: path] [, sort: true] ) -> array
# Dir.glob( pattern, [flags], [base: path] [, sort: true] ) { |filename| block } -> nil
#
# Expands +pattern+, which is a pattern string or an Array of pattern
# strings, and returns an array containing the matching filenames.
# If a block is given, calls the block once for each matching filename,
# passing the filename as a parameter to the block.
#
# The optional +base+ keyword argument specifies the base directory for
# interpreting relative pathnames instead of the current working directory.
# As the results are not prefixed with the base directory name in this
# case, you will need to prepend the base directory name if you want real
# paths.
#
# The results which matched single wildcard or character set are sorted in
# binary ascending order, unless +false+ is given as the optional +sort+
# keyword argument. The order of an Array of pattern strings and braces
# are preserved.
#
# Note that the pattern is not a regexp, it's closer to a shell glob.
# See File::fnmatch for the meaning of the +flags+ parameter.
# Case sensitivity depends on your system (+File::FNM_CASEFOLD+ is ignored).
#
# <code>*</code>::
# Matches any file. Can be restricted by other values in the glob.
# Equivalent to <code>/.*/mx</code> in regexp.
#
# <code>*</code>:: Matches all files
# <code>c*</code>:: Matches all files beginning with <code>c</code>
# <code>*c</code>:: Matches all files ending with <code>c</code>
# <code>\*c\*</code>:: Match all files that have <code>c</code> in them
# (including at the beginning or end).
#
# Note, this will not match Unix-like hidden files (dotfiles). In order
# to include those in the match results, you must use the
# File::FNM_DOTMATCH flag or something like <code>"{*,.*}"</code>.
#
# <code>**</code>::
# Matches directories recursively if followed by <code>/</code>. If
# this path segment contains any other characters, it is the same as the
# usual <code>*</code>.
#
# <code>?</code>::
# Matches any one character. Equivalent to <code>/.{1}/</code> in regexp.
#
# <code>[set]</code>::
# Matches any one character in +set+. Behaves exactly like character sets
# in Regexp, including set negation (<code>[^a-z]</code>).
#
# <code>{p,q}</code>::
# Matches either literal <code>p</code> or literal <code>q</code>.
# Equivalent to pattern alternation in regexp.
#
# Matching literals may be more than one character in length. More than
# two literals may be specified.
#
# <code>\\</code>::
# Escapes the next metacharacter.
#
# Note that this means you cannot use backslash on windows as part of a
# glob, i.e. <code>Dir["c:\\foo*"]</code> will not work, use
# <code>Dir["c:/foo*"]</code> instead.
#
# Examples:
#
# Dir["config.?"] #=> ["config.h"]
# Dir.glob("config.?") #=> ["config.h"]
# Dir.glob("*.[a-z][a-z]") #=> ["main.rb"]
# Dir.glob("*.[^r]*") #=> ["config.h"]
# Dir.glob("*.{rb,h}") #=> ["main.rb", "config.h"]
# Dir.glob("*") #=> ["config.h", "main.rb"]
# Dir.glob("*", File::FNM_DOTMATCH) #=> [".", "..", "config.h", "main.rb"]
# Dir.glob(["*.rb", "*.h"]) #=> ["main.rb", "config.h"]
#
# Dir.glob("**/*.rb") #=> ["main.rb",
# # "lib/song.rb",
# # "lib/song/karaoke.rb"]
#
# Dir.glob("**/*.rb", base: "lib") #=> ["song.rb",
# # "song/karaoke.rb"]
#
# Dir.glob("**/lib") #=> ["lib"]
#
# Dir.glob("**/lib/**/*.rb") #=> ["lib/song.rb",
# # "lib/song/karaoke.rb"]
#
# Dir.glob("**/lib/*.rb") #=> ["lib/song.rb"]
def self.glob(pattern, _flags = 0, flags: _flags, base: nil, sort: true)
Primitive.dir_s_glob(pattern, flags, base, sort)
end
end
class << File
# call-seq:
# File.fnmatch( pattern, path, [flags] ) -> (true or false)
# File.fnmatch?( pattern, path, [flags] ) -> (true or false)
#
# Returns true if +path+ matches against +pattern+. The pattern is not a
# regular expression; instead it follows rules similar to shell filename
# globbing. It may contain the following metacharacters:
#
# <code>*</code>::
# Matches any file. Can be restricted by other values in the glob.
# Equivalent to <code>/.*/x</code> in regexp.
#
# <code>*</code>:: Matches all regular files
# <code>c*</code>:: Matches all files beginning with <code>c</code>
# <code>*c</code>:: Matches all files ending with <code>c</code>
# <code>\*c*</code>:: Matches all files that have <code>c</code> in them
# (including at the beginning or end).
#
# To match hidden files (that start with a <code>.</code>) set the
# File::FNM_DOTMATCH flag.
#
# <code>**</code>::
# Matches directories recursively or files expansively.
#
# <code>?</code>::
# Matches any one character. Equivalent to <code>/.{1}/</code> in regexp.
#
# <code>[set]</code>::
# Matches any one character in +set+. Behaves exactly like character sets
# in Regexp, including set negation (<code>[^a-z]</code>).
#
# <code>\\</code>::
# Escapes the next metacharacter.
#
# <code>{a,b}</code>::
# Matches pattern a and pattern b if File::FNM_EXTGLOB flag is enabled.
# Behaves like a Regexp union (<code>(?:a|b)</code>).
#
# +flags+ is a bitwise OR of the <code>FNM_XXX</code> constants. The same
# glob pattern and flags are used by Dir::glob.
#
# Examples:
#
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'cat') #=> true # match entire string
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'category') #=> false # only match partial string
#
# File.fnmatch('c{at,ub}s', 'cats') #=> false # { } isn't supported by default
# File.fnmatch('c{at,ub}s', 'cats', File::FNM_EXTGLOB) #=> true # { } is supported on FNM_EXTGLOB
#
# File.fnmatch('c?t', 'cat') #=> true # '?' match only 1 character
# File.fnmatch('c??t', 'cat') #=> false # ditto
# File.fnmatch('c*', 'cats') #=> true # '*' match 0 or more characters
# File.fnmatch('c*t', 'c/a/b/t') #=> true # ditto
# File.fnmatch('ca[a-z]', 'cat') #=> true # inclusive bracket expression
# File.fnmatch('ca[^t]', 'cat') #=> false # exclusive bracket expression ('^' or '!')
#
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT') #=> false # case sensitive
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT', File::FNM_CASEFOLD) #=> true # case insensitive
# File.fnmatch('cat', 'CAT', File::FNM_SYSCASE) #=> true or false # depends on the system default
#
# File.fnmatch('?', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # wildcard doesn't match '/' on FNM_PATHNAME
# File.fnmatch('*', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # ditto
# File.fnmatch('[/]', '/', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false # ditto
#
# File.fnmatch('\?', '?') #=> true # escaped wildcard becomes ordinary
# File.fnmatch('\a', 'a') #=> true # escaped ordinary remains ordinary
# File.fnmatch('\a', '\a', File::FNM_NOESCAPE) #=> true # FNM_NOESCAPE makes '\' ordinary
# File.fnmatch('[\?]', '?') #=> true # can escape inside bracket expression
#
# File.fnmatch('*', '.profile') #=> false # wildcard doesn't match leading
# File.fnmatch('*', '.profile', File::FNM_DOTMATCH) #=> true # period by default.
# File.fnmatch('.*', '.profile') #=> true
#
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', 'main.rb') #=> false
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', './main.rb') #=> false
# File.fnmatch('**/*.rb', 'lib/song.rb') #=> true
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', 'main.rb') #=> true
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', './main.rb') #=> false
# File.fnmatch('**.rb', 'lib/song.rb') #=> true
# File.fnmatch('*', 'dave/.profile') #=> true
#
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', '/a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'c:/a/b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> true
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/.b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME) #=> false
# File.fnmatch('**/foo', 'a/.b/c/foo', File::FNM_PATHNAME | File::FNM_DOTMATCH) #=> true
def fnmatch(pattern, path, flags = 0)
end
alias fnmatch? fnmatch
end if false