зеркало из https://github.com/github/ruby.git
187 строки
6.9 KiB
Markdown
187 строки
6.9 KiB
Markdown
[](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"macOS")
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[](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MinGW")
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[](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MJIT")
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[](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Ubuntu")
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[](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Windows")
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[](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ruby/ruby/branch/master)
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[](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby)
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# What's Ruby
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Ruby is an interpreted object-oriented programming language often
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used for web development. It also offers many scripting features
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to process plain text and serialized files, or manage system tasks.
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It is simple, straightforward, and extensible.
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## Features of Ruby
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* Simple Syntax
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* **Normal** Object-oriented Features (e.g. class, method calls)
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* **Advanced** Object-oriented Features (e.g. mix-in, singleton-method)
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* Operator Overloading
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* Exception Handling
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* Iterators and Closures
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* Garbage Collection
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* Dynamic Loading of Object Files (on some architectures)
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* Highly Portable (works on many Unix-like/POSIX compatible platforms as
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well as Windows, macOS, etc.) cf.
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https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/contributing.rdoc#label-Platform+Maintainers
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## How to get Ruby
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For a complete list of ways to install Ruby, including using third-party tools
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like rvm, see:
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https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/
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### Git
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The mirror of the Ruby source tree can be checked out with the following command:
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$ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
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There are some other branches under development. Try the following command
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to see the list of branches:
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$ git ls-remote https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
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You may also want to use https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git (actual master of Ruby source)
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if you are a committer.
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### Subversion
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Stable branches for older Ruby versions can be checked out with also the
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following command:
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$ svn co https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/ruby_2_6/ ruby
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Try the following command to see the list of branches:
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$ svn ls https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/
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## Ruby home page
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https://www.ruby-lang.org/
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## Mailing list
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There is a mailing list to discuss Ruby. To subscribe to this list, please
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send the following phrase:
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subscribe
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in the mail body (not subject) to the address [ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org].
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[ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
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## Requirements to build from repository
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1. GNU or BSD make
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2. C99 compiler
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3. autoconf 2.67 or higher
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4. automake 1.15 or higher
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5. bison 2.3 or higher
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6. Ruby 2.2 or higher
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When building from a released version, only a C99 compiler and GNU or BSD make
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is required.
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## How to compile and install
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1. If you want to use Microsoft Visual C++ to compile Ruby, read
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[win32/README.win32](win32/README.win32) instead of this document.
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2. Run `./autogen.sh` to generate configure, when you build the source checked
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out from the Git repository.
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3. Run `./configure`, which will generate `config.h` and `Makefile`.
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Some C compiler flags may be added by default depending on your
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environment. Specify `optflags=..` and `warnflags=..` as necessary to
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override them.
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4. Edit `include/ruby/defines.h` if you need. Usually this step will not be needed.
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5. Optional: Remove comment mark(`#`) before the module names from `ext/Setup`.
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This step is only necessary if you want to link modules statically.
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If you don't want to compile dynamic extensions (probably on architectures
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which do not allow dynamic loading), remove comment mark from the line
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"`#option nodynamic`" in `ext/Setup`.
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Usually this step will not be needed.
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6. Run `make`.
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* On Mac, set RUBY\_CODESIGN environment variable with a signing identity.
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It uses the identity to sign `ruby` binary. See also codesign(1).
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7. Optionally, run '`make check`' to check whether the compiled Ruby
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interpreter works well. If you see the message "`check succeeded`", your
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Ruby works as it should (hopefully).
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8. Run '`make install`'.
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This command will create the following directories and install files into
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them.
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/bin`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/gems/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/man/man1`
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* `${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/ri/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/system`
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If Ruby's API version is '*x.y.z*', the `${MAJOR}` is '*x*', the
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`${MINOR}` is '*y*', and the `${TEENY}` is '*z*'.
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**NOTE**: teeny of the API version may be different from one of Ruby's
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program version
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You may have to be a super user to install Ruby.
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If you fail to compile Ruby, please send the detailed error report with the
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error log and machine/OS type, to help others.
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Some extension libraries may not get compiled because of lack of necessary
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external libraries and/or headers, then you will need to run '`make distclean-ext`'
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to remove old configuration after installing them in such case.
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## Copying
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See the file [COPYING](COPYING).
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## Feedback
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Questions about the Ruby language can be asked on the [Ruby-Talk] mailing list
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or on websites like https://stackoverflow.com.
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Bugs should be reported at https://bugs.ruby-lang.org. Read [HowToReport] for more information.
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[Ruby-Talk]: https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/community/mailing-lists
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[HowToReport]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby/wiki/HowToReport
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## Contributing
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See the file [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md)
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## The Author
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Ruby was originally designed and developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto (Matz) in 1995.
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<matz@ruby-lang.org>
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