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ruby/doc/windows.md

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Windows

Ruby supports a few native build platforms for Windows.

  • mswin: Build using Microsoft Visual C++ compiler
  • mingw-msvcrt: Build using compiler for Mingw with msvcrtXX.dll
  • mingw-ucrt: Build using compiler for Mingw with vcruntime.dll

Building Ruby using Mingw with UCRT

The easiest build environment is just a standard RubyInstaller-Devkit installation and git-for-windows. You might like to use VSCode as an editor.

Build examples

Ruby core development can be done either in Windows cmd like:

ridk enable ucrt64

pacman -S --needed bison %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-openssl %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-libyaml %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-readline

cd c:\
mkdir work
cd work
git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby

cd c:\work\ruby
sh autogen.sh
sh configure  -C --disable-install-doc
make

or in MSYS2 bash like:

ridk enable ucrt64
bash

pacman -S --needed bison $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-openssl $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-libyaml $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-readline

cd /c/
mkdir work
cd work
git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby
cd ruby

./autogen.sh
./configure -C --disable-install-doc
make

Building Ruby using Visual C++

Requirement

  1. Windows 7 or later.

  2. Visual C++ 12.0 (2013) or later.

    Note if you want to build x64 version, use native compiler for x64.

  3. Please set environment variable INCLUDE, LIB, PATH to run required commands properly from the command line.

    Note building ruby requires following commands.

    • nmake
    • cl
    • ml
    • lib
    • dumpbin

  4. If you want to build from GIT source, following commands are required.

    • bison
    • patch
    • sed
    • ruby 2.0 or later

    You can use scoop to install them like:

    scoop install git ruby winflexbison sed patch

  5. You need to install required libraries using vcpkg like:

    vcpkg --triplet x64-windows install openssl libffi libyaml zlib

  6. Enable Command Extension of your command line. It's the default behavior of cmd.exe. If you want to enable it explicitly, run cmd.exe with /E:ON option.

How to compile and install

  1. Execute win32\configure.bat on your build directory. You can specify the target platform as an argument. For example, run configure --target=i686-mswin32 You can also specify the install directory. For example, run configure --prefix=<install_directory> Default of the install directory is /usr . The default PLATFORM is i386-mswin32_MSRTVERSION on 32-bit platforms, or x64-mswin64_MSRTVERSION on x64 platforms. MSRTVERSION is the 2- or 3-digits version of the Microsoft Runtime Library.

  2. Change RUBY_INSTALL_NAME and RUBY_SO_NAME in Makefile if you want to change the name of the executable files. And add RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME to change the name of the executable without console window if also you want.

  3. You need specify vcpkg directory to use --with-opt-dir option like configure --with-opt-dir=C:\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows

  4. Run nmake up if you are building from GIT source.

  5. Run nmake

  6. Run nmake check

  7. Run nmake install

Build examples

  • Build on the ruby source directory.

    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
build directory:        C:\ruby
install directory:      C:\usr\local

    C:
cd \ruby
win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
nmake
nmake check
nmake install

  • Build on the relative directory from the ruby source directory.

    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
build directory:        C:\ruby\mswin32
install directory:      C:\usr\local

    C:
cd \ruby
mkdir mswin32
cd mswin32
..\win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
nmake
nmake check
nmake install

  • Build on the different drive.

    ruby source directory:  C:\src\ruby
build directory:        D:\build\ruby
install directory:      C:\usr\local

    D:
cd D:\build\ruby
C:\src\ruby\win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
nmake
nmake check
nmake install DESTDIR=C:

  • Build x64 version (requires native x64 VC++ compiler)

    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
build directory:        C:\ruby
install directory:      C:\usr\local

    C:
cd \ruby
win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local --target=x64-mswin64
nmake
nmake check
nmake install

Bugs

You can NOT use a path name that contains any white space characters as the ruby source directory, this restriction comes from the behavior of !INCLUDE directives of NMAKE.

You can build ruby in any directory including the source directory, except win32 directory in the source directory. This is restriction originating in the path search method of NMAKE.

Icons

Any icon files(*.ico) in the build directory, directories specified with icondirs make variable and win32 directory under the ruby source directory will be included in DLL or executable files, according to their base names. (RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).ico or ruby.ico --> (RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).exe (RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).ico or rubyw.ico --> (RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).exe the others --> $(RUBY_SO_NAME).dll

Although no icons are distributed with the ruby source, you can use anything you like. You will be able to find many images by search engines. For example, followings are made from Ruby logo kit: