2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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Changes since 2.5.0:
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2008-02-03 18:59:17 +03:00
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---
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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[recommended]
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New helpers: sb_bread(), sb_getblk(), sb_find_get_block(), set_bh(),
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sb_set_blocksize() and sb_min_blocksize().
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Use them.
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(sb_find_get_block() replaces 2.4's get_hash_table())
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2008-02-03 18:59:17 +03:00
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---
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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[recommended]
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New methods: ->alloc_inode() and ->destroy_inode().
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Remove inode->u.foo_inode_i
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Declare
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struct foo_inode_info {
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/* fs-private stuff */
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struct inode vfs_inode;
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};
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static inline struct foo_inode_info *FOO_I(struct inode *inode)
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{
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return list_entry(inode, struct foo_inode_info, vfs_inode);
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}
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Use FOO_I(inode) instead of &inode->u.foo_inode_i;
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2008-02-03 18:59:17 +03:00
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Add foo_alloc_inode() and foo_destroy_inode() - the former should allocate
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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foo_inode_info and return the address of ->vfs_inode, the latter should free
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FOO_I(inode) (see in-tree filesystems for examples).
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Make them ->alloc_inode and ->destroy_inode in your super_operations.
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2008-02-07 11:15:52 +03:00
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Keep in mind that now you need explicit initialization of private data
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typically between calling iget_locked() and unlocking the inode.
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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At some point that will become mandatory.
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---
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[mandatory]
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Change of file_system_type method (->read_super to ->get_sb)
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->read_super() is no more. Ditto for DECLARE_FSTYPE and DECLARE_FSTYPE_DEV.
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Turn your foo_read_super() into a function that would return 0 in case of
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success and negative number in case of error (-EINVAL unless you have more
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informative error value to report). Call it foo_fill_super(). Now declare
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[PATCH] VFS: Permit filesystem to override root dentry on mount
Extend the get_sb() filesystem operation to take an extra argument that
permits the VFS to pass in the target vfsmount that defines the mountpoint.
The filesystem is then required to manually set the superblock and root dentry
pointers. For most filesystems, this should be done with simple_set_mnt()
which will set the superblock pointer and then set the root dentry to the
superblock's s_root (as per the old default behaviour).
The get_sb() op now returns an integer as there's now no need to return the
superblock pointer.
This patch permits a superblock to be implicitly shared amongst several mount
points, such as can be done with NFS to avoid potential inode aliasing. In
such a case, simple_set_mnt() would not be called, and instead the mnt_root
and mnt_sb would be set directly.
The patch also makes the following changes:
(*) the get_sb_*() convenience functions in the core kernel now take a vfsmount
pointer argument and return an integer, so most filesystems have to change
very little.
(*) If one of the convenience function is not used, then get_sb() should
normally call simple_set_mnt() to instantiate the vfsmount. This will
always return 0, and so can be tail-called from get_sb().
(*) generic_shutdown_super() now calls shrink_dcache_sb() to clean up the
dcache upon superblock destruction rather than shrink_dcache_anon().
This is required because the superblock may now have multiple trees that
aren't actually bound to s_root, but that still need to be cleaned up. The
currently called functions assume that the whole tree is rooted at s_root,
and that anonymous dentries are not the roots of trees which results in
dentries being left unculled.
However, with the way NFS superblock sharing are currently set to be
implemented, these assumptions are violated: the root of the filesystem is
simply a dummy dentry and inode (the real inode for '/' may well be
inaccessible), and all the vfsmounts are rooted on anonymous[*] dentries
with child trees.
[*] Anonymous until discovered from another tree.
(*) The documentation has been adjusted, including the additional bit of
changing ext2_* into foo_* in the documentation.
[akpm@osdl.org: convert ipath_fs, do other stuff]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-06-23 13:02:57 +04:00
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int foo_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
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int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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{
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[PATCH] VFS: Permit filesystem to override root dentry on mount
Extend the get_sb() filesystem operation to take an extra argument that
permits the VFS to pass in the target vfsmount that defines the mountpoint.
The filesystem is then required to manually set the superblock and root dentry
pointers. For most filesystems, this should be done with simple_set_mnt()
which will set the superblock pointer and then set the root dentry to the
superblock's s_root (as per the old default behaviour).
The get_sb() op now returns an integer as there's now no need to return the
superblock pointer.
This patch permits a superblock to be implicitly shared amongst several mount
points, such as can be done with NFS to avoid potential inode aliasing. In
such a case, simple_set_mnt() would not be called, and instead the mnt_root
and mnt_sb would be set directly.
The patch also makes the following changes:
(*) the get_sb_*() convenience functions in the core kernel now take a vfsmount
pointer argument and return an integer, so most filesystems have to change
very little.
(*) If one of the convenience function is not used, then get_sb() should
normally call simple_set_mnt() to instantiate the vfsmount. This will
always return 0, and so can be tail-called from get_sb().
(*) generic_shutdown_super() now calls shrink_dcache_sb() to clean up the
dcache upon superblock destruction rather than shrink_dcache_anon().
This is required because the superblock may now have multiple trees that
aren't actually bound to s_root, but that still need to be cleaned up. The
currently called functions assume that the whole tree is rooted at s_root,
and that anonymous dentries are not the roots of trees which results in
dentries being left unculled.
However, with the way NFS superblock sharing are currently set to be
implemented, these assumptions are violated: the root of the filesystem is
simply a dummy dentry and inode (the real inode for '/' may well be
inaccessible), and all the vfsmounts are rooted on anonymous[*] dentries
with child trees.
[*] Anonymous until discovered from another tree.
(*) The documentation has been adjusted, including the additional bit of
changing ext2_* into foo_* in the documentation.
[akpm@osdl.org: convert ipath_fs, do other stuff]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-06-23 13:02:57 +04:00
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return get_sb_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, foo_fill_super,
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mnt);
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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}
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(or similar with s/bdev/nodev/ or s/bdev/single/, depending on the kind of
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filesystem).
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Replace DECLARE_FSTYPE... with explicit initializer and have ->get_sb set as
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foo_get_sb.
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---
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[mandatory]
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Locking change: ->s_vfs_rename_sem is taken only by cross-directory renames.
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Most likely there is no need to change anything, but if you relied on
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global exclusion between renames for some internal purpose - you need to
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change your internal locking. Otherwise exclusion warranties remain the
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same (i.e. parents and victim are locked, etc.).
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---
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[informational]
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Now we have the exclusion between ->lookup() and directory removal (by
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->rmdir() and ->rename()). If you used to need that exclusion and do
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it by internal locking (most of filesystems couldn't care less) - you
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can relax your locking.
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---
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[mandatory]
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->lookup(), ->truncate(), ->create(), ->unlink(), ->mknod(), ->mkdir(),
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->rmdir(), ->link(), ->lseek(), ->symlink(), ->rename()
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and ->readdir() are called without BKL now. Grab it on entry, drop upon return
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- that will guarantee the same locking you used to have. If your method or its
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parts do not need BKL - better yet, now you can shift lock_kernel() and
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unlock_kernel() so that they would protect exactly what needs to be
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protected.
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---
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[mandatory]
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BKL is also moved from around sb operations. ->write_super() Is now called
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without BKL held. BKL should have been shifted into individual fs sb_op
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functions. If you don't need it, remove it.
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---
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[informational]
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check for ->link() target not being a directory is done by callers. Feel
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free to drop it...
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---
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[informational]
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2007-05-24 20:21:43 +04:00
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->link() callers hold ->i_mutex on the object we are linking to. Some of your
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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problems might be over...
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---
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[mandatory]
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new file_system_type method - kill_sb(superblock). If you are converting
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an existing filesystem, set it according to ->fs_flags:
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FS_REQUIRES_DEV - kill_block_super
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FS_LITTER - kill_litter_super
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neither - kill_anon_super
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FS_LITTER is gone - just remove it from fs_flags.
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---
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[mandatory]
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FS_SINGLE is gone (actually, that had happened back when ->get_sb()
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went in - and hadn't been documented ;-/). Just remove it from fs_flags
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(and see ->get_sb() entry for other actions).
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---
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[mandatory]
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2007-05-24 20:21:43 +04:00
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->setattr() is called without BKL now. Caller _always_ holds ->i_mutex, so
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watch for ->i_mutex-grabbing code that might be used by your ->setattr().
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Callers of notify_change() need ->i_mutex now.
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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---
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[recommended]
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New super_block field "struct export_operations *s_export_op" for
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explicit support for exporting, e.g. via NFS. The structure is fully
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documented at its declaration in include/linux/fs.h, and in
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2009-10-27 21:41:35 +03:00
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Documentation/filesystems/nfs/Exporting.
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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Briefly it allows for the definition of decode_fh and encode_fh operations
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to encode and decode filehandles, and allows the filesystem to use
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a standard helper function for decode_fh, and provide file-system specific
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support for this helper, particularly get_parent.
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It is planned that this will be required for exporting once the code
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settles down a bit.
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[mandatory]
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s_export_op is now required for exporting a filesystem.
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isofs, ext2, ext3, resierfs, fat
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can be used as examples of very different filesystems.
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---
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[mandatory]
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iget4() and the read_inode2 callback have been superseded by iget5_locked()
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which has the following prototype,
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struct inode *iget5_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino,
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int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
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int (*set)(struct inode *, void *),
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void *data);
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'test' is an additional function that can be used when the inode
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number is not sufficient to identify the actual file object. 'set'
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should be a non-blocking function that initializes those parts of a
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newly created inode to allow the test function to succeed. 'data' is
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passed as an opaque value to both test and set functions.
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2008-02-07 11:15:52 +03:00
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When the inode has been created by iget5_locked(), it will be returned with the
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I_NEW flag set and will still be locked. The filesystem then needs to finalize
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the initialization. Once the inode is initialized it must be unlocked by
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calling unlock_new_inode().
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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The filesystem is responsible for setting (and possibly testing) i_ino
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when appropriate. There is also a simpler iget_locked function that
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just takes the superblock and inode number as arguments and does the
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test and set for you.
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e.g.
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2008-02-07 11:15:27 +03:00
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inode = iget_locked(sb, ino);
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if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
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err = read_inode_from_disk(inode);
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if (err < 0) {
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iget_failed(inode);
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return err;
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}
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unlock_new_inode(inode);
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}
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Note that if the process of setting up a new inode fails, then iget_failed()
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should be called on the inode to render it dead, and an appropriate error
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should be passed back to the caller.
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2005-04-17 02:20:36 +04:00
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---
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[recommended]
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->getattr() finally getting used. See instances in nfs, minix, etc.
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---
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[mandatory]
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->revalidate() is gone. If your filesystem had it - provide ->getattr()
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and let it call whatever you had as ->revlidate() + (for symlinks that
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had ->revalidate()) add calls in ->follow_link()/->readlink().
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---
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[mandatory]
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->d_parent changes are not protected by BKL anymore. Read access is safe
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if at least one of the following is true:
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* filesystem has no cross-directory rename()
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* we know that parent had been locked (e.g. we are looking at
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->d_parent of ->lookup() argument).
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* we are called from ->rename().
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* the child's ->d_lock is held
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Audit your code and add locking if needed. Notice that any place that is
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not protected by the conditions above is risky even in the old tree - you
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had been relying on BKL and that's prone to screwups. Old tree had quite
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a few holes of that kind - unprotected access to ->d_parent leading to
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anything from oops to silent memory corruption.
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---
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[mandatory]
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FS_NOMOUNT is gone. If you use it - just set MS_NOUSER in flags
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(see rootfs for one kind of solution and bdev/socket/pipe for another).
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---
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[recommended]
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Use bdev_read_only(bdev) instead of is_read_only(kdev). The latter
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is still alive, but only because of the mess in drivers/s390/block/dasd.c.
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As soon as it gets fixed is_read_only() will die.
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---
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[mandatory]
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->permission() is called without BKL now. Grab it on entry, drop upon
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return - that will guarantee the same locking you used to have. If
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your method or its parts do not need BKL - better yet, now you can
|
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|
shift lock_kernel() and unlock_kernel() so that they would protect
|
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|
exactly what needs to be protected.
|
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|
|
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|
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|
---
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[mandatory]
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->statfs() is now called without BKL held. BKL should have been
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shifted into individual fs sb_op functions where it's not clear that
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it's safe to remove it. If you don't need it, remove it.
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---
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[mandatory]
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is_read_only() is gone; use bdev_read_only() instead.
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---
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[mandatory]
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destroy_buffers() is gone; use invalidate_bdev().
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---
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[mandatory]
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fsync_dev() is gone; use fsync_bdev(). NOTE: lvm breakage is
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deliberate; as soon as struct block_device * is propagated in a reasonable
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way by that code fixing will become trivial; until then nothing can be
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done.
|
2010-06-07 11:29:20 +04:00
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[mandatory]
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block truncatation on error exit from ->write_begin, and ->direct_IO
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moved from generic methods (block_write_begin, cont_write_begin,
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nobh_write_begin, blockdev_direct_IO*) to callers. Take a look at
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ext2_write_failed and callers for an example.
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[mandatory]
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->truncate is going away. The whole truncate sequence needs to be
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implemented in ->setattr, which is now mandatory for filesystems
|
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|
|
implementing on-disk size changes. Start with a copy of the old inode_setattr
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and vmtruncate, and the reorder the vmtruncate + foofs_vmtruncate sequence to
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be in order of zeroing blocks using block_truncate_page or similar helpers,
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size update and on finally on-disk truncation which should not fail.
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|
|
inode_change_ok now includes the size checks for ATTR_SIZE and must be called
|
|
|
|
in the beginning of ->setattr unconditionally.
|
2010-06-08 08:37:12 +04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
->clear_inode() and ->delete_inode() are gone; ->evict_inode() should
|
|
|
|
be used instead. It gets called whenever the inode is evicted, whether it has
|
|
|
|
remaining links or not. Caller does *not* evict the pagecache or inode-associated
|
|
|
|
metadata buffers; getting rid of those is responsibility of method, as it had
|
|
|
|
been for ->delete_inode().
|
2011-03-22 14:23:39 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
->drop_inode() returns int now; it's called on final iput() with
|
|
|
|
inode->i_lock held and it returns true if filesystems wants the inode to be
|
|
|
|
dropped. As before, generic_drop_inode() is still the default and it's been
|
|
|
|
updated appropriately. generic_delete_inode() is also alive and it consists
|
|
|
|
simply of return 1. Note that all actual eviction work is done by caller after
|
|
|
|
->drop_inode() returns.
|
|
|
|
|
2010-06-08 08:37:12 +04:00
|
|
|
clear_inode() is gone; use end_writeback() instead. As before, it must
|
|
|
|
be called exactly once on each call of ->evict_inode() (as it used to be for
|
|
|
|
each call of ->delete_inode()). Unlike before, if you are using inode-associated
|
|
|
|
metadata buffers (i.e. mark_buffer_dirty_inode()), it's your responsibility to
|
|
|
|
call invalidate_inode_buffers() before end_writeback().
|
|
|
|
No async writeback (and thus no calls of ->write_inode()) will happen
|
|
|
|
after end_writeback() returns, so actions that should not overlap with ->write_inode()
|
|
|
|
(e.g. freeing on-disk inode if i_nlink is 0) ought to be done after that call.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: checking i_nlink in the beginning of ->write_inode() and bailing out
|
|
|
|
if it's zero is not *and* *never* *had* *been* enough. Final unlink() and iput()
|
|
|
|
may happen while the inode is in the middle of ->write_inode(); e.g. if you blindly
|
|
|
|
free the on-disk inode, you may end up doing that while ->write_inode() is writing
|
|
|
|
to it.
|
2011-01-07 09:49:23 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.d_delete() now only advises the dcache as to whether or not to cache
|
|
|
|
unreferenced dentries, and is now only called when the dentry refcount goes to
|
|
|
|
0. Even on 0 refcount transition, it must be able to tolerate being called 0,
|
|
|
|
1, or more times (eg. constant, idempotent).
|
2011-01-07 09:49:27 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.d_compare() calling convention and locking rules are significantly
|
|
|
|
changed. Read updated documentation in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt (and
|
|
|
|
look at examples of other filesystems) for guidance.
|
2011-01-07 09:49:28 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.d_hash() calling convention and locking rules are significantly
|
|
|
|
changed. Read updated documentation in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt (and
|
|
|
|
look at examples of other filesystems) for guidance.
|
2011-01-07 09:49:38 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
dcache_lock is gone, replaced by fine grained locks. See fs/dcache.c
|
|
|
|
for details of what locks to replace dcache_lock with in order to protect
|
|
|
|
particular things. Most of the time, a filesystem only needs ->d_lock, which
|
|
|
|
protects *all* the dcache state of a given dentry.
|
2011-01-07 09:49:49 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Filesystems must RCU-free their inodes, if they can have been accessed
|
|
|
|
via rcu-walk path walk (basically, if the file can have had a path name in the
|
|
|
|
vfs namespace).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
i_dentry and i_rcu share storage in a union, and the vfs expects
|
|
|
|
i_dentry to be reinitialized before it is freed, so an:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
must be done in the RCU callback.
|
2011-01-07 09:49:57 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[recommended]
|
|
|
|
vfs now tries to do path walking in "rcu-walk mode", which avoids
|
|
|
|
atomic operations and scalability hazards on dentries and inodes (see
|
2011-01-14 05:26:53 +03:00
|
|
|
Documentation/filesystems/path-lookup.txt). d_hash and d_compare changes
|
|
|
|
(above) are examples of the changes required to support this. For more complex
|
2011-01-07 09:49:57 +03:00
|
|
|
filesystem callbacks, the vfs drops out of rcu-walk mode before the fs call, so
|
|
|
|
no changes are required to the filesystem. However, this is costly and loses
|
|
|
|
the benefits of rcu-walk mode. We will begin to add filesystem callbacks that
|
|
|
|
are rcu-walk aware, shown below. Filesystems should take advantage of this
|
|
|
|
where possible.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
d_revalidate is a callback that is made on every path element (if
|
|
|
|
the filesystem provides it), which requires dropping out of rcu-walk mode. This
|
|
|
|
may now be called in rcu-walk mode (nd->flags & LOOKUP_RCU). -ECHILD should be
|
|
|
|
returned if the filesystem cannot handle rcu-walk. See
|
2011-01-07 09:49:58 +03:00
|
|
|
Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt for more details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
permission and check_acl are inode permission checks that are called
|
|
|
|
on many or all directory inodes on the way down a path walk (to check for
|
2011-01-14 05:26:53 +03:00
|
|
|
exec permission). These must now be rcu-walk aware (flags & IPERM_FLAG_RCU).
|
|
|
|
See Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt for more details.
|
2011-01-05 23:00:07 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
In ->fallocate() you must check the mode option passed in. If your
|
|
|
|
filesystem does not support hole punching (deallocating space in the middle of a
|
|
|
|
file) you must return -EOPNOTSUPP if FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE is set in mode.
|
|
|
|
Currently you can only have FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE with FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE set,
|
|
|
|
so the i_size should not change when hole punching, even when puching the end of
|
|
|
|
a file off.
|
2011-03-16 16:07:58 +03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
->get_sb() is gone. Switch to use of ->mount(). Typically it's just
|
|
|
|
a matter of switching from calling get_sb_... to mount_... and changing the
|
|
|
|
function type. If you were doing it manually, just switch from setting ->mnt_root
|
|
|
|
to some pointer to returning that pointer. On errors return ERR_PTR(...).
|
2011-06-21 05:56:31 +04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
2011-07-23 19:37:31 +04:00
|
|
|
->permission() and generic_permission()have lost flags
|
2011-06-21 05:56:31 +04:00
|
|
|
argument; instead of passing IPERM_FLAG_RCU we add MAY_NOT_BLOCK into mask.
|
2011-07-23 19:37:31 +04:00
|
|
|
generic_permission() has also lost the check_acl argument; ACL checking
|
|
|
|
has been taken to VFS and filesystems need to provide a non-NULL ->i_op->get_acl
|
|
|
|
to read an ACL from disk.
|
2011-07-18 21:21:35 +04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
If you implement your own ->llseek() you must handle SEEK_HOLE and
|
|
|
|
SEEK_DATA. You can hanle this by returning -EINVAL, but it would be nicer to
|
|
|
|
support it in some way. The generic handler assumes that the entire file is
|
|
|
|
data and there is a virtual hole at the end of the file. So if the provided
|
|
|
|
offset is less than i_size and SEEK_DATA is specified, return the same offset.
|
|
|
|
If the above is true for the offset and you are given SEEK_HOLE, return the end
|
|
|
|
of the file. If the offset is i_size or greater return -ENXIO in either case.
|
2011-07-17 04:44:56 +04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[mandatory]
|
|
|
|
If you have your own ->fsync() you must make sure to call
|
|
|
|
filemap_write_and_wait_range() so that all dirty pages are synced out properly.
|
|
|
|
You must also keep in mind that ->fsync() is not called with i_mutex held
|
|
|
|
anymore, so if you require i_mutex locking you must make sure to take it and
|
|
|
|
release it yourself.
|