coredump: fix crash when umh is disabled

Commit 64e90a8acb ("Introduce STATIC_USERMODEHELPER to mediate
call_usermodehelper()") added the optiont to disable all
call_usermodehelper() calls by setting STATIC_USERMODEHELPER_PATH to
an empty string. When this is done, and crashdump is triggered, it
will crash on null pointer dereference, since we make assumptions
over what call_usermodehelper_exec() did.

This has been reported by Sergey when one triggers a a coredump
with the following configuration:

```
CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER=y
CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER_PATH=""
kernel.core_pattern = |/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %P %u %g %s %t %c %h %e
```

The way disabling the umh was designed was that call_usermodehelper_exec()
would just return early, without an error. But coredump assumes
certain variables are set up for us when this happens, and calls
ile_start_write(cprm.file) with a NULL file.

[    2.819676] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000020
[    2.819859] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[    2.820035] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[    2.820188] PGD 0 P4D 0
[    2.820305] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
[    2.820436] CPU: 2 PID: 89 Comm: a Not tainted 5.7.0-rc1+ #7
[    2.820680] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS ?-20190711_202441-buildvm-armv7-10.arm.fedoraproject.org-2.fc31 04/01/2014
[    2.821150] RIP: 0010:do_coredump+0xd80/0x1060
[    2.821385] Code: e8 95 11 ed ff 48 c7 c6 cc a7 b4 81 48 8d bd 28 ff
ff ff 89 c2 e8 70 f1 ff ff 41 89 c2 85 c0 0f 84 72 f7 ff ff e9 b4 fe ff
ff <48> 8b 57 20 0f b7 02 66 25 00 f0 66 3d 00 8
0 0f 84 9c 01 00 00 44
[    2.822014] RSP: 0000:ffffc9000029bcb8 EFLAGS: 00010246
[    2.822339] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88803f860000 RCX: 000000000000000a
[    2.822746] RDX: 0000000000000009 RSI: 0000000000000282 RDI: 0000000000000000
[    2.823141] RBP: ffffc9000029bde8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc9000029bc00
[    2.823508] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: ffff88803dec90be R12: ffffffff81c39da0
[    2.823902] R13: ffff88803de84400 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[    2.824285] FS:  00007fee08183540(0000) GS:ffff88803e480000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[    2.824767] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[    2.825111] CR2: 0000000000000020 CR3: 000000003f856005 CR4: 0000000000060ea0
[    2.825479] Call Trace:
[    2.825790]  get_signal+0x11e/0x720
[    2.826087]  do_signal+0x1d/0x670
[    2.826361]  ? force_sig_info_to_task+0xc1/0xf0
[    2.826691]  ? force_sig_fault+0x3c/0x40
[    2.826996]  ? do_trap+0xc9/0x100
[    2.827179]  exit_to_usermode_loop+0x49/0x90
[    2.827359]  prepare_exit_to_usermode+0x77/0xb0
[    2.827559]  ? invalid_op+0xa/0x30
[    2.827747]  ret_from_intr+0x20/0x20
[    2.827921] RIP: 0033:0x55e2c76d2129
[    2.828107] Code: 2d ff ff ff e8 68 ff ff ff 5d c6 05 18 2f 00 00 01
c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 e9 7b ff ff ff 55 48 89
e5 <0f> 0b b8 00 00 00 00 5d c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 0
0 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40
[    2.828603] RSP: 002b:00007fffeba5e080 EFLAGS: 00010246
[    2.828801] RAX: 000055e2c76d2125 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fee0817c718
[    2.829034] RDX: 00007fffeba5e188 RSI: 00007fffeba5e178 RDI: 0000000000000001
[    2.829257] RBP: 00007fffeba5e080 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007fee08193c00
[    2.829482] R10: 0000000000000009 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 000055e2c76d2040
[    2.829727] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[    2.829964] CR2: 0000000000000020
[    2.830149] ---[ end trace ceed83d8c68a1bf1 ]---
```

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.11+
Fixes: 64e90a8acb ("Introduce STATIC_USERMODEHELPER to mediate call_usermodehelper()")
BugLink: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=199795
Reported-by: Tony Vroon <chainsaw@gentoo.org>
Reported-by: Sergey Kvachonok <ravenexp@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200416162859.26518-1-mcgrof@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

fs/coredump.c

@@ -788,6 +788,14 @@ void do_coredump(const kernel_siginfo_t *siginfo)
 	if (displaced)
 		put_files_struct(displaced);
 	if (!dump_interrupted()) {
+		/*
+		 * umh disabled with CONFIG_STATIC_USERMODEHELPER_PATH="" would
+		 * have this set to NULL.
+		 */
+		if (!cprm.file) {
+			pr_info("Core dump to |%s disabled\n", cn.corename);
+			goto close_fail;
+		}
 		file_start_write(cprm.file);
 		core_dumped = binfmt->core_dump(&cprm);
 		file_end_write(cprm.file);

kernel/umh.c

@@ -544,6 +544,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fork_usermode_blob);
  * Runs a user-space application.  The application is started
  * asynchronously if wait is not set, and runs as a child of system workqueues.
  * (ie. it runs with full root capabilities and optimized affinity).
+ *
+ * Note: successful return value does not guarantee the helper was called at
+ * all. You can't rely on sub_info->{init,cleanup} being called even for
+ * UMH_WAIT_* wait modes as STATIC_USERMODEHELPER_PATH="" turns all helpers
+ * into a successful no-op.
  */
 int call_usermodehelper_exec(struct subprocess_info *sub_info, int wait)
 {