percpu: ensure the requested alignment is power of two

The percpu allocator expectedly assumes that the requested alignment
is power of two but hasn't been veryfing the input.  If the specified
alignment isn't power of two, the allocator can malfunction.  Add the
sanity check.

The following is detailed analysis of the effects of alignments which
aren't power of two.

 The alignment must be a even at least since the LSB of a chunk->map
 element is used as free/in-use flag of a area; besides, the alignment
 must be a power of 2 too since ALIGN() doesn't work well for other
 alignment always but is adopted by pcpu_fit_in_area().  IOW, the
 current allocator only works well for a power of 2 aligned area
 allocation.

 See below opposite example for why an odd alignment doesn't work.
 Let's assume area [16, 36) is free but its previous one is in-use, we
 want to allocate a @size == 8 and @align == 7 area.  The larger area
 [16, 36) is split to three areas [16, 21), [21, 29), [29, 36)
 eventually.  However, due to the usage for a chunk->map element, the
 actual offset of the aim area [21, 29) is 21 but is recorded in
 relevant element as 20; moreover, the residual tail free area [29,
 36) is mistook as in-use and is lost silently

 Unlike macro roundup(), ALIGN(x, a) doesn't work if @a isn't a power
 of 2 for example, roundup(10, 6) == 12 but ALIGN(10, 6) == 10, and
 the latter result isn't desired obviously.

tj: Code style and patch description updates.

Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com>
Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

include/linux/kernel.h

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 
 #define REPEAT_BYTE(x)	((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
 
+/* @a is a power of 2 value */
 #define ALIGN(x, a)		__ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))
 #define __ALIGN_MASK(x, mask)	__ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK((x), (mask))
 #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a)		((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))

mm/percpu.c

@@ -886,7 +886,8 @@ static void __percpu *pcpu_alloc(size_t size, size_t align, bool reserved,
 
 	size = ALIGN(size, 2);
 
-	if (unlikely(!size || size > PCPU_MIN_UNIT_SIZE || align > PAGE_SIZE)) {
+	if (unlikely(!size || size > PCPU_MIN_UNIT_SIZE || align > PAGE_SIZE ||
+		     !is_power_of_2(align))) {
 		WARN(true, "illegal size (%zu) or align (%zu) for percpu allocation\n",
 		     size, align);
 		return NULL;