docs: filesystems: convert ntfs.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header; - Adjust document title; - Comment out text-only ToC; - Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks; - Mark literal blocks as such; - Add table markups; - Add it to filesystems/index.rst. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/f09ca6c9bdd4e7aa7208f3dba0b8753080b38d03.1581955849.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
This commit is contained in:
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
Jonathan Corbet
Родитель
2640c19dca
Коммит
461f2c8f13
|
|
@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ Documentation for filesystem implementations.
|
|||
inotify
|
||||
isofs
|
||||
nilfs2
|
||||
nfs/index
|
||||
ntfs
|
||||
overlayfs
|
||||
virtiofs
|
||||
vfat
|
||||
nfs/index
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
|
|||
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
|
||||
|
||||
================================
|
||||
The Linux NTFS filesystem driver
|
||||
================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Table of contents
|
||||
=================
|
||||
.. Table of contents
|
||||
|
||||
- Overview
|
||||
- Web site
|
||||
- Features
|
||||
- Supported mount options
|
||||
- Known bugs and (mis-)features
|
||||
- Using NTFS volume and stripe sets
|
||||
- The Device-Mapper driver
|
||||
- The Software RAID / MD driver
|
||||
- Limitations when using the MD driver
|
||||
- Overview
|
||||
- Web site
|
||||
- Features
|
||||
- Supported mount options
|
||||
- Known bugs and (mis-)features
|
||||
- Using NTFS volume and stripe sets
|
||||
- The Device-Mapper driver
|
||||
- The Software RAID / MD driver
|
||||
- Limitations when using the MD driver
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Overview
|
||||
|
|
@ -66,8 +68,10 @@ Features
|
|||
partition by creating a large file while in Windows and then loopback
|
||||
mounting the file while in Linux and creating a Linux filesystem on it that
|
||||
is used to install Linux on it.
|
||||
- A comparison of the two drivers using:
|
||||
- A comparison of the two drivers using::
|
||||
|
||||
time find . -type f -exec md5sum "{}" \;
|
||||
|
||||
run three times in sequence with each driver (after a reboot) on a 1.4GiB
|
||||
NTFS partition, showed the new driver to be 20% faster in total time elapsed
|
||||
(from 9:43 minutes on average down to 7:53). The time spent in user space
|
||||
|
|
@ -104,6 +108,7 @@ In addition to the generic mount options described by the manual page for the
|
|||
mount command (man 8 mount, also see man 5 fstab), the NTFS driver supports the
|
||||
following mount options:
|
||||
|
||||
======================= =======================================================
|
||||
iocharset=name Deprecated option. Still supported but please use
|
||||
nls=name in the future. See description for nls=name.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -175,16 +180,22 @@ disable_sparse=<BOOL> If disable_sparse is specified, creation of sparse
|
|||
|
||||
errors=opt What to do when critical filesystem errors are found.
|
||||
Following values can be used for "opt":
|
||||
continue: DEFAULT, try to clean-up as much as
|
||||
|
||||
======== =========================================
|
||||
continue DEFAULT, try to clean-up as much as
|
||||
possible, e.g. marking a corrupt inode as
|
||||
bad so it is no longer accessed, and then
|
||||
continue.
|
||||
recover: At present only supported is recovery of
|
||||
recover At present only supported is recovery of
|
||||
the boot sector from the backup copy.
|
||||
If read-only mount, the recovery is done
|
||||
in memory only and not written to disk.
|
||||
Note that the options are additive, i.e. specifying:
|
||||
======== =========================================
|
||||
|
||||
Note that the options are additive, i.e. specifying::
|
||||
|
||||
errors=continue,errors=recover
|
||||
|
||||
means the driver will attempt to recover and if that
|
||||
fails it will clean-up as much as possible and
|
||||
continue.
|
||||
|
|
@ -202,12 +213,18 @@ mft_zone_multiplier= Set the MFT zone multiplier for the volume (this
|
|||
In general use the default. If you have a lot of small
|
||||
files then use a higher value. The values have the
|
||||
following meaning:
|
||||
|
||||
===== =================================
|
||||
Value MFT zone size (% of volume size)
|
||||
===== =================================
|
||||
1 12.5%
|
||||
2 25%
|
||||
3 37.5%
|
||||
4 50%
|
||||
===== =================================
|
||||
|
||||
Note this option is irrelevant for read-only mounts.
|
||||
======================= =======================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Known bugs and (mis-)features
|
||||
|
|
@ -252,18 +269,18 @@ To create the table describing your volume you will need to know each of its
|
|||
components and their sizes in sectors, i.e. multiples of 512-byte blocks.
|
||||
|
||||
For NT4 fault tolerant volumes you can obtain the sizes using fdisk. So for
|
||||
example if one of your partitions is /dev/hda2 you would do:
|
||||
example if one of your partitions is /dev/hda2 you would do::
|
||||
|
||||
$ fdisk -ul /dev/hda
|
||||
$ fdisk -ul /dev/hda
|
||||
|
||||
Disk /dev/hda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes
|
||||
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders, total 160086528 sectors
|
||||
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
|
||||
Disk /dev/hda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes
|
||||
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders, total 160086528 sectors
|
||||
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
|
||||
|
||||
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
|
||||
/dev/hda1 * 63 4209029 2104483+ 83 Linux
|
||||
/dev/hda2 4209030 37768814 16779892+ 86 NTFS
|
||||
/dev/hda3 37768815 46170809 4200997+ 83 Linux
|
||||
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
|
||||
/dev/hda1 * 63 4209029 2104483+ 83 Linux
|
||||
/dev/hda2 4209030 37768814 16779892+ 86 NTFS
|
||||
/dev/hda3 37768815 46170809 4200997+ 83 Linux
|
||||
|
||||
And you would know that /dev/hda2 has a size of 37768814 - 4209030 + 1 =
|
||||
33559785 sectors.
|
||||
|
|
@ -271,15 +288,17 @@ And you would know that /dev/hda2 has a size of 37768814 - 4209030 + 1 =
|
|||
For Win2k and later dynamic disks, you can for example use the ldminfo utility
|
||||
which is part of the Linux LDM tools (the latest version at the time of
|
||||
writing is linux-ldm-0.0.8.tar.bz2). You can download it from:
|
||||
|
||||
http://www.linux-ntfs.org/
|
||||
|
||||
Simply extract the downloaded archive (tar xvjf linux-ldm-0.0.8.tar.bz2), go
|
||||
into it (cd linux-ldm-0.0.8) and change to the test directory (cd test). You
|
||||
will find the precompiled (i386) ldminfo utility there. NOTE: You will not be
|
||||
able to compile this yourself easily so use the binary version!
|
||||
|
||||
Then you would use ldminfo in dump mode to obtain the necessary information:
|
||||
Then you would use ldminfo in dump mode to obtain the necessary information::
|
||||
|
||||
$ ./ldminfo --dump /dev/hda
|
||||
$ ./ldminfo --dump /dev/hda
|
||||
|
||||
This would dump the LDM database found on /dev/hda which describes all of your
|
||||
dynamic disks and all the volumes on them. At the bottom you will see the
|
||||
|
|
@ -305,42 +324,36 @@ give you the correct information to do this.
|
|||
Assuming you know all your devices and their sizes things are easy.
|
||||
|
||||
For a linear raid the table would look like this (note all values are in
|
||||
512-byte sectors):
|
||||
512-byte sectors)::
|
||||
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Offset into Size of this Raid type Device Start sector
|
||||
# volume device of device
|
||||
0 1028161 linear /dev/hda1 0
|
||||
1028161 3903762 linear /dev/hdb2 0
|
||||
4931923 2103211 linear /dev/hdc1 0
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Offset into Size of this Raid type Device Start sector
|
||||
# volume device of device
|
||||
0 1028161 linear /dev/hda1 0
|
||||
1028161 3903762 linear /dev/hdb2 0
|
||||
4931923 2103211 linear /dev/hdc1 0
|
||||
|
||||
For a striped volume, i.e. raid level 0, you will need to know the chunk size
|
||||
you used when creating the volume. Windows uses 64kiB as the default, so it
|
||||
will probably be this unless you changes the defaults when creating the array.
|
||||
|
||||
For a raid level 0 the table would look like this (note all values are in
|
||||
512-byte sectors):
|
||||
512-byte sectors)::
|
||||
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Offset Size Raid Number Chunk 1st Start 2nd Start
|
||||
# into of the type of size Device in Device in
|
||||
# volume volume stripes device device
|
||||
0 2056320 striped 2 128 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Offset Size Raid Number Chunk 1st Start 2nd Start
|
||||
# into of the type of size Device in Device in
|
||||
# volume volume stripes device device
|
||||
0 2056320 striped 2 128 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0
|
||||
|
||||
If there are more than two devices, just add each of them to the end of the
|
||||
line.
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, for a mirrored volume, i.e. raid level 1, the table would look like
|
||||
this (note all values are in 512-byte sectors):
|
||||
this (note all values are in 512-byte sectors)::
|
||||
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Target Start
|
||||
# in of the type type of log size sync? of Device in Device in
|
||||
# vol volume params mirrors Device Device
|
||||
0 2056320 mirror core 2 16 nosync 2 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0
|
||||
--- cut here ---
|
||||
# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Target Start
|
||||
# in of the type type of log size sync? of Device in Device in
|
||||
# vol volume params mirrors Device Device
|
||||
0 2056320 mirror core 2 16 nosync 2 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0
|
||||
|
||||
If you are mirroring to multiple devices you can specify further targets at the
|
||||
end of the line.
|
||||
|
|
@ -353,17 +366,17 @@ to the "Target Device" or if you specified multiple target devices to all of
|
|||
them.
|
||||
|
||||
Once you have your table, save it in a file somewhere (e.g. /etc/ntfsvolume1),
|
||||
and hand it over to dmsetup to work with, like so:
|
||||
and hand it over to dmsetup to work with, like so::
|
||||
|
||||
$ dmsetup create myvolume1 /etc/ntfsvolume1
|
||||
$ dmsetup create myvolume1 /etc/ntfsvolume1
|
||||
|
||||
You can obviously replace "myvolume1" with whatever name you like.
|
||||
|
||||
If it all worked, you will now have the device /dev/device-mapper/myvolume1
|
||||
which you can then just use as an argument to the mount command as usual to
|
||||
mount the ntfs volume. For example:
|
||||
mount the ntfs volume. For example::
|
||||
|
||||
$ mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/device-mapper/myvolume1 /mnt/myvol1
|
||||
$ mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/device-mapper/myvolume1 /mnt/myvol1
|
||||
|
||||
(You need to create the directory /mnt/myvol1 first and of course you can use
|
||||
anything you like instead of /mnt/myvol1 as long as it is an existing
|
||||
|
|
@ -395,18 +408,18 @@ Windows by default uses a stripe chunk size of 64k, so you probably want the
|
|||
"chunk-size 64k" option for each raid-disk, too.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, if you have a stripe set consisting of two partitions /dev/hda5
|
||||
and /dev/hdb1 your /etc/raidtab would look like this:
|
||||
and /dev/hdb1 your /etc/raidtab would look like this::
|
||||
|
||||
raiddev /dev/md0
|
||||
raid-level 0
|
||||
nr-raid-disks 2
|
||||
nr-spare-disks 0
|
||||
persistent-superblock 0
|
||||
chunk-size 64k
|
||||
device /dev/hda5
|
||||
raid-disk 0
|
||||
device /dev/hdb1
|
||||
raid-disk 1
|
||||
raiddev /dev/md0
|
||||
raid-level 0
|
||||
nr-raid-disks 2
|
||||
nr-spare-disks 0
|
||||
persistent-superblock 0
|
||||
chunk-size 64k
|
||||
device /dev/hda5
|
||||
raid-disk 0
|
||||
device /dev/hdb1
|
||||
raid-disk 1
|
||||
|
||||
For linear raid, just change the raid-level above to "raid-level linear", for
|
||||
mirrors, change it to "raid-level 1", and for stripe sets with parity, change
|
||||
|
|
@ -427,7 +440,9 @@ Once the raidtab is setup, run for example raid0run -a to start all devices or
|
|||
raid0run /dev/md0 to start a particular md device, in this case /dev/md0.
|
||||
|
||||
Then just use the mount command as usual to mount the ntfs volume using for
|
||||
example: mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/md0 /mnt/myntfsvolume
|
||||
example::
|
||||
|
||||
mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/md0 /mnt/myntfsvolume
|
||||
|
||||
It is advisable to do the mount read-only to see if the md volume has been
|
||||
setup correctly to avoid the possibility of causing damage to the data on the
|
||||
Загрузка…
Ссылка в новой задаче