Docs: sphinxify device-drivers.tmpl
Perform a basic sphinx conversion of the device-drivers docbook and move it to its own directory. Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
This commit is contained in:
Jonathan Corbet
Родитель
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Коммит
47cb398dd7
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
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# To add a new book the only step required is to add the book to the
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# list of DOCBOOKS.
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DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml device-drivers.xml \
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DOCBOOKS := z8530book.xml \
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kernel-hacking.xml kernel-locking.xml deviceiobook.xml \
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writing_usb_driver.xml networking.xml \
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kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml kgdb.xml \
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@ -1,521 +0,0 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
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|
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<book id="LinuxDriversAPI">
|
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<bookinfo>
|
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<title>Linux Device Drivers</title>
|
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|
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<legalnotice>
|
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<para>
|
||||
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
|
||||
it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
|
||||
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
|
||||
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
|
||||
version.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
|
||||
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
|
||||
warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
|
||||
See the GNU General Public License for more details.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
|
||||
License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
|
||||
Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
|
||||
MA 02111-1307 USA
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
For more details see the file COPYING in the source
|
||||
distribution of Linux.
|
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</para>
|
||||
</legalnotice>
|
||||
</bookinfo>
|
||||
|
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<toc></toc>
|
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|
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<chapter id="Basics">
|
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<title>Driver Basics</title>
|
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<sect1><title>Driver Entry and Exit points</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/init.h
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1><title>Atomic and pointer manipulation</title>
|
||||
!Iarch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1><title>Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/sched.h
|
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!Ekernel/sched/core.c
|
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!Ikernel/sched/cpupri.c
|
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!Ikernel/sched/fair.c
|
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!Iinclude/linux/completion.h
|
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!Ekernel/time/timer.c
|
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</sect1>
|
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<sect1><title>Wait queues and Wake events</title>
|
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!Iinclude/linux/wait.h
|
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!Ekernel/sched/wait.c
|
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</sect1>
|
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<sect1><title>High-resolution timers</title>
|
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!Iinclude/linux/ktime.h
|
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!Iinclude/linux/hrtimer.h
|
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!Ekernel/time/hrtimer.c
|
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</sect1>
|
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<sect1><title>Workqueues and Kevents</title>
|
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!Iinclude/linux/workqueue.h
|
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!Ekernel/workqueue.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Internal Functions</title>
|
||||
!Ikernel/exit.c
|
||||
!Ikernel/signal.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/kthread.h
|
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!Ekernel/kthread.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
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<sect1><title>Kernel objects manipulation</title>
|
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<!--
|
||||
X!Iinclude/linux/kobject.h
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-->
|
||||
!Elib/kobject.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1><title>Kernel utility functions</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/kernel.h
|
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!Ekernel/printk/printk.c
|
||||
!Ekernel/panic.c
|
||||
!Ekernel/sys.c
|
||||
!Ekernel/rcu/srcu.c
|
||||
!Ekernel/rcu/tree.c
|
||||
!Ekernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
|
||||
!Ekernel/rcu/update.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1><title>Device Resource Management</title>
|
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!Edrivers/base/devres.c
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</sect1>
|
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|
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</chapter>
|
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|
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<chapter id="devdrivers">
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<title>Device drivers infrastructure</title>
|
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<sect1><title>The Basic Device Driver-Model Structures </title>
|
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!Iinclude/linux/device.h
|
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</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Device Drivers Base</title>
|
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!Idrivers/base/init.c
|
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!Edrivers/base/driver.c
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!Edrivers/base/core.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/syscore.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/class.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/base/node.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/firmware_class.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/transport_class.c
|
||||
<!-- Cannot be included, because
|
||||
attribute_container_add_class_device_adapter
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||||
and attribute_container_classdev_to_container
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||||
exceed allowed 44 characters maximum
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X!Edrivers/base/attribute_container.c
|
||||
-->
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/dd.c
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
X!Edrivers/base/interface.c
|
||||
-->
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/platform_device.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/platform.c
|
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!Edrivers/base/bus.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
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<sect1>
|
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<title>Buffer Sharing and Synchronization</title>
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<para>
|
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The dma-buf subsystem provides the framework for sharing buffers
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for hardware (DMA) access across multiple device drivers and
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||||
subsystems, and for synchronizing asynchronous hardware access.
|
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</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
This is used, for example, by drm "prime" multi-GPU support, but
|
||||
is of course not limited to GPU use cases.
|
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</para>
|
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<para>
|
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The three main components of this are: (1) dma-buf, representing
|
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a sg_table and exposed to userspace as a file descriptor to allow
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passing between devices, (2) fence, which provides a mechanism
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to signal when one device as finished access, and (3) reservation,
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which manages the shared or exclusive fence(s) associated with
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the buffer.
|
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</para>
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<sect2><title>dma-buf</title>
|
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!Edrivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c
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!Iinclude/linux/dma-buf.h
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</sect2>
|
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<sect2><title>reservation</title>
|
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!Pdrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c Reservation Object Overview
|
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!Edrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
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!Iinclude/linux/reservation.h
|
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</sect2>
|
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<sect2><title>fence</title>
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!Edrivers/dma-buf/fence.c
|
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!Iinclude/linux/fence.h
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||||
!Edrivers/dma-buf/seqno-fence.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/seqno-fence.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/dma-buf/fence-array.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/fence-array.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/reservation.h
|
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!Edrivers/dma-buf/sync_file.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/sync_file.h
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
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||||
<sect1><title>Device Drivers DMA Management</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/dma-coherent.c
|
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!Edrivers/base/dma-mapping.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Device Drivers Power Management</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/base/power/main.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Device Drivers ACPI Support</title>
|
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<!-- Internal functions only
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X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/main.c
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X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/wakeup.c
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X!Edrivers/acpi/motherboard.c
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X!Edrivers/acpi/bus.c
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||||
-->
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!Edrivers/acpi/scan.c
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!Idrivers/acpi/scan.c
|
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<!-- No correct structured comments
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X!Edrivers/acpi/pci_bind.c
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-->
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</sect1>
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<sect1><title>Device drivers PnP support</title>
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||||
!Idrivers/pnp/core.c
|
||||
<!-- No correct structured comments
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X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
|
||||
-->
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||||
!Edrivers/pnp/card.c
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||||
!Idrivers/pnp/driver.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/pnp/manager.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/pnp/support.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Userspace IO devices</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/uio/uio.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/uio_driver.h
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="parportdev">
|
||||
<title>Parallel Port Devices</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/parport.h
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!Edrivers/parport/ieee1284.c
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!Edrivers/parport/share.c
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||||
!Idrivers/parport/daisy.c
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||||
</chapter>
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||||
|
||||
<chapter id="message_devices">
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<title>Message-based devices</title>
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<sect1><title>Fusion message devices</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
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||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
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||||
!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptctl.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptspi.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptfc.c
|
||||
!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptlan.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="snddev">
|
||||
<title>Sound Devices</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/sound/core.h
|
||||
!Esound/sound_core.c
|
||||
!Iinclude/sound/pcm.h
|
||||
!Esound/core/pcm.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/device.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/info.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/rawmidi.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/sound.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/memory.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/pcm_memory.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/init.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/isadma.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/control.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/pcm_lib.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/hwdep.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/pcm_native.c
|
||||
!Esound/core/memalloc.c
|
||||
<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
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X!Isound/sound_firmware.c
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||||
-->
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||||
</chapter>
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||||
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="uart16x50">
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||||
<title>16x50 UART Driver</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="fbdev">
|
||||
<title>Frame Buffer Library</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
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||||
The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures.
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These structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h. They are
|
||||
fb_info, fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs.
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The last three can be made available to and from userland.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card.
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Inside fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a
|
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collection of needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work.
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fb_info is only visible to the kernel.
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</para>
|
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|
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<para>
|
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fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
|
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that are user defined. With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as
|
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depth and the resolution may be defined.
|
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</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the
|
||||
properties of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't
|
||||
be changed otherwise. A good example of this is the start of the
|
||||
frame buffer memory. This "locks" the address of the frame buffer
|
||||
memory, so that it cannot be changed or moved.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was
|
||||
little importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things
|
||||
such as setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With
|
||||
the new API, fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used
|
||||
correctly, can prevent a monitor from being cooked. fb_monospecs
|
||||
will not be useful until kernels 2.5.x.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Memory</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Console</title>
|
||||
X!Edrivers/video/console/fbcon.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Colormap</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcmap.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<!-- FIXME:
|
||||
drivers/video/fbgen.c has no docs, which stuffs up the sgml. Comment
|
||||
out until somebody adds docs. KAO
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Generic Functions</title>
|
||||
X!Idrivers/video/fbgen.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
KAO -->
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Video Mode Database</title>
|
||||
!Idrivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database</title>
|
||||
!Edrivers/video/fbdev/macmodes.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Frame Buffer Fonts</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Refer to the file lib/fonts/fonts.c for more information.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
|
||||
X!Ilib/fonts/fonts.c
|
||||
-->
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="input_subsystem">
|
||||
<title>Input Subsystem</title>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Input core</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/input.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/input.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/ff-core.c
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/ff-memless.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Multitouch Library</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/input/mt.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/input-mt.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Polled input devices</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/input-polldev.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/input-polldev.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Matrix keyboards/keypads</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/input/matrix_keypad.h
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
<sect1><title>Sparse keymap support</title>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/input/sparse-keymap.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/input/sparse-keymap.c
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="spi">
|
||||
<title>Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
SPI is the "Serial Peripheral Interface", widely used with
|
||||
embedded systems because it is a simple and efficient
|
||||
interface: basically a multiplexed shift register.
|
||||
Its three signal wires hold a clock (SCK, often in the range
|
||||
of 1-20 MHz), a "Master Out, Slave In" (MOSI) data line, and
|
||||
a "Master In, Slave Out" (MISO) data line.
|
||||
SPI is a full duplex protocol; for each bit shifted out the
|
||||
MOSI line (one per clock) another is shifted in on the MISO line.
|
||||
Those bits are assembled into words of various sizes on the
|
||||
way to and from system memory.
|
||||
An additional chipselect line is usually active-low (nCS);
|
||||
four signals are normally used for each peripheral, plus
|
||||
sometimes an interrupt.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The SPI bus facilities listed here provide a generalized
|
||||
interface to declare SPI busses and devices, manage them
|
||||
according to the standard Linux driver model, and perform
|
||||
input/output operations.
|
||||
At this time, only "master" side interfaces are supported,
|
||||
where Linux talks to SPI peripherals and does not implement
|
||||
such a peripheral itself.
|
||||
(Interfaces to support implementing SPI slaves would
|
||||
necessarily look different.)
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver,
|
||||
and two kinds of device.
|
||||
A "Controller Driver" abstracts the controller hardware, which may
|
||||
be as simple as a set of GPIO pins or as complex as a pair of FIFOs
|
||||
connected to dual DMA engines on the other side of the SPI shift
|
||||
register (maximizing throughput). Such drivers bridge between
|
||||
whatever bus they sit on (often the platform bus) and SPI, and
|
||||
expose the SPI side of their device as a
|
||||
<structname>struct spi_master</structname>.
|
||||
SPI devices are children of that master, represented as a
|
||||
<structname>struct spi_device</structname> and manufactured from
|
||||
<structname>struct spi_board_info</structname> descriptors which
|
||||
are usually provided by board-specific initialization code.
|
||||
A <structname>struct spi_driver</structname> is called a
|
||||
"Protocol Driver", and is bound to a spi_device using normal
|
||||
driver model calls.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The I/O model is a set of queued messages. Protocol drivers
|
||||
submit one or more <structname>struct spi_message</structname>
|
||||
objects, which are processed and completed asynchronously.
|
||||
(There are synchronous wrappers, however.) Messages are
|
||||
built from one or more <structname>struct spi_transfer</structname>
|
||||
objects, each of which wraps a full duplex SPI transfer.
|
||||
A variety of protocol tweaking options are needed, because
|
||||
different chips adopt very different policies for how they
|
||||
use the bits transferred with SPI.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/spi/spi.h
|
||||
!Fdrivers/spi/spi.c spi_register_board_info
|
||||
!Edrivers/spi/spi.c
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="i2c">
|
||||
<title>I<superscript>2</superscript>C and SMBus Subsystem</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
I<superscript>2</superscript>C (or without fancy typography, "I2C")
|
||||
is an acronym for the "Inter-IC" bus, a simple bus protocol which is
|
||||
widely used where low data rate communications suffice.
|
||||
Since it's also a licensed trademark, some vendors use another
|
||||
name (such as "Two-Wire Interface", TWI) for the same bus.
|
||||
I2C only needs two signals (SCL for clock, SDA for data), conserving
|
||||
board real estate and minimizing signal quality issues.
|
||||
Most I2C devices use seven bit addresses, and bus speeds of up
|
||||
to 400 kHz; there's a high speed extension (3.4 MHz) that's not yet
|
||||
found wide use.
|
||||
I2C is a multi-master bus; open drain signaling is used to
|
||||
arbitrate between masters, as well as to handshake and to
|
||||
synchronize clocks from slower clients.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The Linux I2C programming interfaces support only the master
|
||||
side of bus interactions, not the slave side.
|
||||
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver,
|
||||
and two kinds of device.
|
||||
An I2C "Adapter Driver" abstracts the controller hardware; it binds
|
||||
to a physical device (perhaps a PCI device or platform_device) and
|
||||
exposes a <structname>struct i2c_adapter</structname> representing
|
||||
each I2C bus segment it manages.
|
||||
On each I2C bus segment will be I2C devices represented by a
|
||||
<structname>struct i2c_client</structname>. Those devices will
|
||||
be bound to a <structname>struct i2c_driver</structname>,
|
||||
which should follow the standard Linux driver model.
|
||||
(At this writing, a legacy model is more widely used.)
|
||||
There are functions to perform various I2C protocol operations; at
|
||||
this writing all such functions are usable only from task context.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The System Management Bus (SMBus) is a sibling protocol. Most SMBus
|
||||
systems are also I2C conformant. The electrical constraints are
|
||||
tighter for SMBus, and it standardizes particular protocol messages
|
||||
and idioms. Controllers that support I2C can also support most
|
||||
SMBus operations, but SMBus controllers don't support all the protocol
|
||||
options that an I2C controller will.
|
||||
There are functions to perform various SMBus protocol operations,
|
||||
either using I2C primitives or by issuing SMBus commands to
|
||||
i2c_adapter devices which don't support those I2C operations.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/i2c.h
|
||||
!Fdrivers/i2c/i2c-boardinfo.c i2c_register_board_info
|
||||
!Edrivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="hsi">
|
||||
<title>High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI)</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI) is a
|
||||
serial interface mainly used for connecting application
|
||||
engines (APE) with cellular modem engines (CMT) in cellular
|
||||
handsets.
|
||||
|
||||
HSI provides multiplexing for up to 16 logical channels,
|
||||
low-latency and full duplex communication.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/hsi/hsi.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/hsi/hsi_core.c
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="pwm">
|
||||
<title>Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Pulse-width modulation is a modulation technique primarily used to
|
||||
control power supplied to electrical devices.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The PWM framework provides an abstraction for providers and consumers
|
||||
of PWM signals. A controller that provides one or more PWM signals is
|
||||
registered as <structname>struct pwm_chip</structname>. Providers are
|
||||
expected to embed this structure in a driver-specific structure. This
|
||||
structure contains fields that describe a particular chip.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
A chip exposes one or more PWM signal sources, each of which exposed
|
||||
as a <structname>struct pwm_device</structname>. Operations can be
|
||||
performed on PWM devices to control the period, duty cycle, polarity
|
||||
and active state of the signal.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Note that PWM devices are exclusive resources: they can always only be
|
||||
used by one consumer at a time.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
!Iinclude/linux/pwm.h
|
||||
!Edrivers/pwm/core.c
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
</book>
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,654 @@
|
|||
====================
|
||||
Linux Device Drivers
|
||||
====================
|
||||
|
||||
Driver Basics
|
||||
=============
|
||||
|
||||
Driver Entry and Exit points
|
||||
----------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/init.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Atomic and pointer manipulation
|
||||
-------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines
|
||||
----------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/sched.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/cpupri.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/fair.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/completion.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/time/timer.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Wait queues and Wake events
|
||||
---------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/wait.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sched/wait.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
High-resolution timers
|
||||
----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/ktime.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/hrtimer.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/time/hrtimer.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Workqueues and Kevents
|
||||
----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/workqueue.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/workqueue.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Internal Functions
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/exit.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/signal.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kthread.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/kthread.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Kernel objects manipulation
|
||||
---------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: lib/kobject.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Kernel utility functions
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kernel.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/printk/printk.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/panic.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/sys.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/srcu.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/tree.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/rcu/update.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Device Resource Management
|
||||
--------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/devres.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Device drivers infrastructure
|
||||
=============================
|
||||
|
||||
The Basic Device Driver-Model Structures
|
||||
----------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/device.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Device Drivers Base
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/init.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/driver.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/syscore.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/class.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/node.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/firmware_class.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/transport_class.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dd.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/platform_device.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/platform.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/bus.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Buffer Sharing and Synchronization
|
||||
----------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
The dma-buf subsystem provides the framework for sharing buffers for
|
||||
hardware (DMA) access across multiple device drivers and subsystems, and
|
||||
for synchronizing asynchronous hardware access.
|
||||
|
||||
This is used, for example, by drm "prime" multi-GPU support, but is of
|
||||
course not limited to GPU use cases.
|
||||
|
||||
The three main components of this are: (1) dma-buf, representing a
|
||||
sg_table and exposed to userspace as a file descriptor to allow passing
|
||||
between devices, (2) fence, which provides a mechanism to signal when
|
||||
one device as finished access, and (3) reservation, which manages the
|
||||
shared or exclusive fence(s) associated with the buffer.
|
||||
|
||||
dma-buf
|
||||
~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/dma-buf.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
reservation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
|
||||
:doc: Reservation Object Overview
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/reservation.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
fence
|
||||
~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/fence.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/fence.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/seqno-fence.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/seqno-fence.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/fence-array.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/fence-array.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/reservation.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/reservation.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/dma-buf/sync_file.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/sync_file.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Device Drivers DMA Management
|
||||
-----------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dma-coherent.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/dma-mapping.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Device Drivers Power Management
|
||||
-------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/base/power/main.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Device Drivers ACPI Support
|
||||
---------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/acpi/scan.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/acpi/scan.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Device drivers PnP support
|
||||
--------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/core.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/card.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/driver.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/manager.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pnp/support.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Userspace IO devices
|
||||
--------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/uio/uio.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/uio_driver.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Parallel Port Devices
|
||||
=====================
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/parport.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/ieee1284.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/share.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/parport/daisy.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Message-based devices
|
||||
=====================
|
||||
|
||||
Fusion message devices
|
||||
----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptctl.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptspi.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptfc.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/message/fusion/mptlan.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Sound Devices
|
||||
=============
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/sound/core.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/sound_core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/sound/pcm.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/device.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/info.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/rawmidi.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/sound.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/memory.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_memory.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/init.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/isadma.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/control.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_lib.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/hwdep.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/pcm_native.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: sound/core/memalloc.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
16x50 UART Driver
|
||||
=================
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Library
|
||||
====================
|
||||
|
||||
The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures. These
|
||||
structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h. They are fb_info,
|
||||
fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs. The last
|
||||
three can be made available to and from userland.
|
||||
|
||||
fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card. Inside
|
||||
fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a collection of
|
||||
needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work. fb_info is only visible
|
||||
to the kernel.
|
||||
|
||||
fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
|
||||
that are user defined. With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as depth
|
||||
and the resolution may be defined.
|
||||
|
||||
The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the properties
|
||||
of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't be changed
|
||||
otherwise. A good example of this is the start of the frame buffer
|
||||
memory. This "locks" the address of the frame buffer memory, so that it
|
||||
cannot be changed or moved.
|
||||
|
||||
The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was little
|
||||
importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things such as
|
||||
setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With the new API,
|
||||
fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used correctly, can prevent a
|
||||
monitor from being cooked. fb_monospecs will not be useful until
|
||||
kernels 2.5.x.
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Memory
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Colormap
|
||||
---------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcmap.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Video Mode Database
|
||||
--------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database
|
||||
------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/video/fbdev/macmodes.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Frame Buffer Fonts
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Refer to the file lib/fonts/fonts.c for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
Input Subsystem
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
Input core
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/ff-core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/ff-memless.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Multitouch Library
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/mt.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input-mt.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Polled input devices
|
||||
--------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input-polldev.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/input-polldev.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Matrix keyboards/keypads
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/matrix_keypad.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
Sparse keymap support
|
||||
---------------------
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/input/sparse-keymap.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/input/sparse-keymap.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
|
||||
=================================
|
||||
|
||||
SPI is the "Serial Peripheral Interface", widely used with embedded
|
||||
systems because it is a simple and efficient interface: basically a
|
||||
multiplexed shift register. Its three signal wires hold a clock (SCK,
|
||||
often in the range of 1-20 MHz), a "Master Out, Slave In" (MOSI) data
|
||||
line, and a "Master In, Slave Out" (MISO) data line. SPI is a full
|
||||
duplex protocol; for each bit shifted out the MOSI line (one per clock)
|
||||
another is shifted in on the MISO line. Those bits are assembled into
|
||||
words of various sizes on the way to and from system memory. An
|
||||
additional chipselect line is usually active-low (nCS); four signals are
|
||||
normally used for each peripheral, plus sometimes an interrupt.
|
||||
|
||||
The SPI bus facilities listed here provide a generalized interface to
|
||||
declare SPI busses and devices, manage them according to the standard
|
||||
Linux driver model, and perform input/output operations. At this time,
|
||||
only "master" side interfaces are supported, where Linux talks to SPI
|
||||
peripherals and does not implement such a peripheral itself. (Interfaces
|
||||
to support implementing SPI slaves would necessarily look different.)
|
||||
|
||||
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver, and
|
||||
two kinds of device. A "Controller Driver" abstracts the controller
|
||||
hardware, which may be as simple as a set of GPIO pins or as complex as
|
||||
a pair of FIFOs connected to dual DMA engines on the other side of the
|
||||
SPI shift register (maximizing throughput). Such drivers bridge between
|
||||
whatever bus they sit on (often the platform bus) and SPI, and expose
|
||||
the SPI side of their device as a :c:type:`struct spi_master
|
||||
<spi_master>`. SPI devices are children of that master,
|
||||
represented as a :c:type:`struct spi_device <spi_device>` and
|
||||
manufactured from :c:type:`struct spi_board_info
|
||||
<spi_board_info>` descriptors which are usually provided by
|
||||
board-specific initialization code. A :c:type:`struct spi_driver
|
||||
<spi_driver>` is called a "Protocol Driver", and is bound to a
|
||||
spi_device using normal driver model calls.
|
||||
|
||||
The I/O model is a set of queued messages. Protocol drivers submit one
|
||||
or more :c:type:`struct spi_message <spi_message>` objects,
|
||||
which are processed and completed asynchronously. (There are synchronous
|
||||
wrappers, however.) Messages are built from one or more
|
||||
:c:type:`struct spi_transfer <spi_transfer>` objects, each of
|
||||
which wraps a full duplex SPI transfer. A variety of protocol tweaking
|
||||
options are needed, because different chips adopt very different
|
||||
policies for how they use the bits transferred with SPI.
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/spi/spi.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/spi/spi.c
|
||||
:functions: spi_register_board_info
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/spi/spi.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
I\ :sup:`2`\ C and SMBus Subsystem
|
||||
==================================
|
||||
|
||||
I\ :sup:`2`\ C (or without fancy typography, "I2C") is an acronym for
|
||||
the "Inter-IC" bus, a simple bus protocol which is widely used where low
|
||||
data rate communications suffice. Since it's also a licensed trademark,
|
||||
some vendors use another name (such as "Two-Wire Interface", TWI) for
|
||||
the same bus. I2C only needs two signals (SCL for clock, SDA for data),
|
||||
conserving board real estate and minimizing signal quality issues. Most
|
||||
I2C devices use seven bit addresses, and bus speeds of up to 400 kHz;
|
||||
there's a high speed extension (3.4 MHz) that's not yet found wide use.
|
||||
I2C is a multi-master bus; open drain signaling is used to arbitrate
|
||||
between masters, as well as to handshake and to synchronize clocks from
|
||||
slower clients.
|
||||
|
||||
The Linux I2C programming interfaces support only the master side of bus
|
||||
interactions, not the slave side. The programming interface is
|
||||
structured around two kinds of driver, and two kinds of device. An I2C
|
||||
"Adapter Driver" abstracts the controller hardware; it binds to a
|
||||
physical device (perhaps a PCI device or platform_device) and exposes a
|
||||
:c:type:`struct i2c_adapter <i2c_adapter>` representing each
|
||||
I2C bus segment it manages. On each I2C bus segment will be I2C devices
|
||||
represented by a :c:type:`struct i2c_client <i2c_client>`.
|
||||
Those devices will be bound to a :c:type:`struct i2c_driver
|
||||
<i2c_driver>`, which should follow the standard Linux driver
|
||||
model. (At this writing, a legacy model is more widely used.) There are
|
||||
functions to perform various I2C protocol operations; at this writing
|
||||
all such functions are usable only from task context.
|
||||
|
||||
The System Management Bus (SMBus) is a sibling protocol. Most SMBus
|
||||
systems are also I2C conformant. The electrical constraints are tighter
|
||||
for SMBus, and it standardizes particular protocol messages and idioms.
|
||||
Controllers that support I2C can also support most SMBus operations, but
|
||||
SMBus controllers don't support all the protocol options that an I2C
|
||||
controller will. There are functions to perform various SMBus protocol
|
||||
operations, either using I2C primitives or by issuing SMBus commands to
|
||||
i2c_adapter devices which don't support those I2C operations.
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/i2c.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/i2c/i2c-boardinfo.c
|
||||
:functions: i2c_register_board_info
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI)
|
||||
=============================================
|
||||
|
||||
High Speed Synchronous Serial Interface (HSI) is a serial interface
|
||||
mainly used for connecting application engines (APE) with cellular modem
|
||||
engines (CMT) in cellular handsets. HSI provides multiplexing for up to
|
||||
16 logical channels, low-latency and full duplex communication.
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/hsi/hsi.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/hsi/hsi_core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
||||
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)
|
||||
============================
|
||||
|
||||
Pulse-width modulation is a modulation technique primarily used to
|
||||
control power supplied to electrical devices.
|
||||
|
||||
The PWM framework provides an abstraction for providers and consumers of
|
||||
PWM signals. A controller that provides one or more PWM signals is
|
||||
registered as :c:type:`struct pwm_chip <pwm_chip>`. Providers
|
||||
are expected to embed this structure in a driver-specific structure.
|
||||
This structure contains fields that describe a particular chip.
|
||||
|
||||
A chip exposes one or more PWM signal sources, each of which exposed as
|
||||
a :c:type:`struct pwm_device <pwm_device>`. Operations can be
|
||||
performed on PWM devices to control the period, duty cycle, polarity and
|
||||
active state of the signal.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that PWM devices are exclusive resources: they can always only be
|
||||
used by one consumer at a time.
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/pwm.h
|
||||
:internal:
|
||||
|
||||
.. kernel-doc:: drivers/pwm/core.c
|
||||
:export:
|
||||
|
|
@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Contents:
|
|||
|
||||
kernel-documentation
|
||||
dev-tools/tools
|
||||
driver-api/drivers
|
||||
media/index
|
||||
gpu/index
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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