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Merge commit 'v2.6.39-rc6' into x86/cleanups 

Merge reason: move to a (much) newer upstream base.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This commit is contained in:
Ingo Molnar 2011-05-07 10:51:38 +02:00
Родитель 9de4966a4d 0ee5623f9a
Коммит 4cb1f43ce8
5586 изменённых файлов: 170092 добавлений и 72500 удалений
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4
.mailmap
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@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ Andreas Herrmann <aherrman@de.ibm.com>
Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Andrew Vasquez <andrew.vasquez@qlogic.com>
Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Archit Taneja <archit@ti.com>
Arnaud Patard <arnaud.patard@rtp-net.org>
Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Axel Dyks <xl@xlsigned.net>
@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ Leonid I Ananiev <leonid.i.ananiev@intel.com>
Linas Vepstas <linas@austin.ibm.com>
Mark Brown <broonie@sirena.org.uk>
Matthieu CASTET <castet.matthieu@free.fr>
Mayuresh Janorkar <mayur@ti.com>
Michael Buesch <mb@bu3sch.de>
Michael Buesch <mbuesch@freenet.de>
Michel Dänzer <michel@tungstengraphics.com>
@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ Morten Welinder <terra@gnome.org>
Morten Welinder <welinder@anemone.rentec.com>
Morten Welinder <welinder@darter.rentec.com>
Morten Welinder <welinder@troll.com>
Mythri P K <mythripk@ti.com>
Nguyen Anh Quynh <aquynh@gmail.com>
Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Patrick Mochel <mochel@digitalimplant.org>
@ -98,6 +101,7 @@ S.Çağlar Onur <caglar@pardus.org.tr>
Simon Kelley <simon@thekelleys.org.uk>
Stéphane Witzmann <stephane.witzmann@ubpmes.univ-bpclermont.fr>
Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
Sumit Semwal <sumit.semwal@ti.com>
Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>

6
CREDITS
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@ -1677,7 +1677,7 @@ W: http://www.codemonkey.org.uk
D: Assorted VIA x86 support.
D: 2.5 AGPGART overhaul.
D: CPUFREQ maintenance.
D: Fedora kernel maintainence.
D: Fedora kernel maintenance.
D: Misc/Other.
S: 314 Littleton Rd, Westford, MA 01886, USA
@ -3211,7 +3211,7 @@ N: James Simmons
E: jsimmons@infradead.org
E: jsimmons@users.sf.net
D: Frame buffer device maintainer
D: input layer developement
D: input layer development
D: tty/console layer
D: various mipsel devices
S: 115 Carmel Avenue
@ -3290,7 +3290,7 @@ S: USA
N: Manfred Spraul
E: manfred@colorfullife.com
W: http://www.colorfullife.com/~manfred
D: Lots of tiny hacks. Larger improvments to SysV IPC msg,
D: Lots of tiny hacks. Larger improvements to SysV IPC msg,
D: slab, pipe, select.
S: 71701 Schwieberdingen
S: Germany

4
Documentation/00-INDEX
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@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ laptops/
- directory with laptop related info and laptop driver documentation.
ldm.txt
- a brief description of LDM (Windows Dynamic Disks).
leds-class.txt
- documents LED handling under Linux.
leds/
- directory with info about LED handling under Linux.
local_ops.txt
- semantics and behavior of local atomic operations.
lockdep-design.txt

2
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-css
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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Contact: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Description: Contains the PIM/PAM/POM values, as reported by the
channel subsystem when last queried by the common I/O
layer (this implies that this attribute is not neccessarily
layer (this implies that this attribute is not necessarily
in sync with the values current in the channel subsystem).
Note: This is an I/O-subchannel specific attribute.
Users: s390-tools, HAL

6
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-media Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
What: /sys/bus/media/devices/.../model
Date: January 2011
Contact: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
linux-media@vger.kernel.org
Description: Contains the device model name in UTF-8. The device version is
is not be appended to the model name.

12
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss
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@ -59,3 +59,15 @@ Kernel Version: 2.6.31
Contact: iss_storagedev@hp.com
Description: Displays the usage count (number of opens) of logical drive Y
of controller X.
Where: /sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/resettable
Date: February 2011
Kernel Version: 2.6.38
Contact: iss_storagedev@hp.com
Description: Value of 1 indicates the controller can honor the reset_devices
kernel parameter. Value of 0 indicates reset_devices cannot be
honored. This is to allow, for example, kexec tools to be able
to warn the user if they designate an unresettable device as
a dump device, as kdump requires resetting the device in order
to work reliably.

2
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-led
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@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ Contact: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Description:
Invert the LED on/off state. This parameter is specific to
gpio and backlight triggers. In case of the backlight trigger,
it is usefull when driving a LED which is intended to indicate
it is useful when driving a LED which is intended to indicate
a device in a standby like state.

2
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-hid-roccat-kone
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ What: /sys/bus/usb/devices/<busnum>-<devnum>:<config num>.<interface num>/<hid-
Date: March 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile holds informations like button
press of a button. A profile holds information like button
mappings, sensitivity, the colors of the 5 leds and light
effects.
When read, these files return the respective profile. The

8
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-hid-roccat-koneplus
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@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
buttons back to the mouse. The data has to be 77 bytes long.
The mouse will reject invalid data.
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When read, these files return the respective profile buttons.
The returned data is 77 bytes in size.
This file is readonly.
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Date: October 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
settings back to the mouse. The data has to be 43 bytes long.
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When read, these files return the respective profile settings.
The returned data is 43 bytes in size.

8
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-hid-roccat-kovaplus
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@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Date: January 2011
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
buttons back to the mouse. The data has to be 23 bytes long.
The mouse will reject invalid data.
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Date: January 2011
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When read, these files return the respective profile buttons.
The returned data is 23 bytes in size.
This file is readonly.
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Date: January 2011
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
settings back to the mouse. The data has to be 16 bytes long.
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Date: January 2011
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When read, these files return the respective profile settings.
The returned data is 16 bytes in size.

8
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-hid-roccat-pyra
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@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
settings back to the mouse. The data has to be 13 bytes long.
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_settings holds informations like resolution, sensitivity
profile_settings holds information like resolution, sensitivity
and light effects.
When read, these files return the respective profile settings.
The returned data is 13 bytes in size.
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When written, this file lets one write the respective profile
buttons back to the mouse. The data has to be 19 bytes long.
The mouse will reject invalid data.
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Date: August 2010
Contact: Stefan Achatz <erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
Description: The mouse can store 5 profiles which can be switched by the
press of a button. A profile is split in settings and buttons.
profile_buttons holds informations about button layout.
profile_buttons holds information about button layout.
When read, these files return the respective profile buttons.
The returned data is 19 bytes in size.
This file is readonly.

19
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-samsung-laptop Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
What: /sys/devices/platform/samsung/performance_level
Date: January 1, 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.33
Contact: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Description: Some Samsung laptops have different "performance levels"
that are can be modified by a function key, and by this
sysfs file. These values don't always make a whole lot
of sense, but some users like to modify them to keep
their fans quiet at all costs. Reading from this file
will show the current performance level. Writing to the
file can change this value.
Valid options:
"silent"
"normal"
"overclock"
Note that not all laptops support all of these options.
Specifically, not all support the "overclock" option,
and it's still unknown if this value even changes
anything, other than making the user feel a bit better.

13
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-fs-ext4
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@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Description:
will have its blocks allocated out of its own unique
preallocation pool.
What: /sys/fs/ext4/<disk>/inode_readahead
What: /sys/fs/ext4/<disk>/inode_readahead_blks
Date: March 2008
Contact: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Description:
@ -85,7 +85,14 @@ Date: June 2008
Contact: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Description:
Tuning parameter which (if non-zero) controls the goal
inode used by the inode allocator in p0reference to
all other allocation hueristics. This is intended for
inode used by the inode allocator in preference to
all other allocation heuristics. This is intended for
debugging use only, and should be 0 on production
systems.
What: /sys/fs/ext4/<disk>/max_writeback_mb_bump
Date: September 2009
Contact: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Description:
The maximum number of megabytes the writeback code will
try to write out before move on to another inode.

2
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-asus-laptop
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ KernelVersion: 2.6.20
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Some models like the W1N have a LED display that can be
used to display several informations.
used to display several items of information.
To control the LED display, use the following :
echo 0x0T000DDD > /sys/devices/platform/asus_laptop/
where T control the 3 letters display, and DDD the 3 digits display.

31
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-asus-wmi Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
What: /sys/devices/platform/<platform>/cpufv
Date: Oct 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.37
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Change CPU clock configuration (write-only).
There are three available clock configuration:
* 0 -> Super Performance Mode
* 1 -> High Performance Mode
* 2 -> Power Saving Mode
What: /sys/devices/platform/<platform>/camera
Date: Jan 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.39
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Control the camera. 1 means on, 0 means off.
What: /sys/devices/platform/<platform>/cardr
Date: Jan 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.39
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Control the card reader. 1 means on, 0 means off.
What: /sys/devices/platform/<platform>/touchpad
Date: Jan 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.39
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Control the card touchpad. 1 means on, 0 means off.

10
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-platform-eeepc-wmi
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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
What: /sys/devices/platform/eeepc-wmi/cpufv
Date: Oct 2010
KernelVersion: 2.6.37
Contact: "Corentin Chary" <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Description:
Change CPU clock configuration (write-only).
There are three available clock configuration:
* 0 -> Super Performance Mode
* 1 -> High Performance Mode
* 2 -> Power Saving Mode

4
Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
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@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ MAN := $(patsubst %.xml, %.9, $(BOOKS))
mandocs: $(MAN)
build_images = mkdir -p $(objtree)/Documentation/DocBook/media/ && \
cp $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/*.png $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/*.gif $(objtree)/Documentation/DocBook/media/
cp $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/dvb/*.png \
$(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/v4l/*.gif \
$(objtree)/Documentation/DocBook/media/
xmldoclinks:
ifneq ($(objtree),$(srctree))

2
Documentation/DocBook/dvb/dvbproperty.xml
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
<para>Central frequency of the channel.</para>
<para>For ISDB-T the channels are usally transmitted with an offset of 143kHz. E.g. a
<para>For ISDB-T the channels are usually transmitted with an offset of 143kHz. E.g. a
valid frequncy could be 474143 kHz. The stepping is bound to the bandwidth of
the channel which is 6MHz.</para>

2
Documentation/DocBook/dvb/frontend.xml
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@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ consistently to the DiSEqC commands as described in the DiSEqC spec.</para>
<section id="frontend_sec_tone">
<title>SEC continuous tone</title>
<para>The continous 22KHz tone is usually used with non-DiSEqC capable LNBs to switch the
<para>The continuous 22KHz tone is usually used with non-DiSEqC capable LNBs to switch the
high/low band of a dual-band LNB. When using DiSEqC epuipment this voltage has to
be switched consistently to the DiSEqC commands as described in the DiSEqC
spec.</para>

2
Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking.tmpl
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@ -1763,7 +1763,7 @@ as it would be on UP.
There is a furthur optimization possible here: remember our original
cache code, where there were no reference counts and the caller simply
held the lock whenever using the object? This is still possible: if
you hold the lock, noone can delete the object, so you don't need to
you hold the lock, no one can delete the object, so you don't need to
get and put the reference count.
</para>

10
Documentation/DocBook/libata.tmpl
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@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ and other resources, etc.
<listitem>
<para>
This is indicated by ICRC bit in the ERROR register and
means that corruption occurred during data transfer. Upto
means that corruption occurred during data transfer. Up to
ATA/ATAPI-7, the standard specifies that this bit is only
applicable to UDMA transfers but ATA/ATAPI-8 draft revision
1f says that the bit may be applicable to multiword DMA and
@ -1045,10 +1045,10 @@ and other resources, etc.
<term>ABRT error during data transfer or on completion</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Upto ATA/ATAPI-7, the standard specifies that ABRT could be
Up to ATA/ATAPI-7, the standard specifies that ABRT could be
set on ICRC errors and on cases where a device is not able
to complete a command. Combined with the fact that MWDMA
and PIO transfer errors aren't allowed to use ICRC bit upto
and PIO transfer errors aren't allowed to use ICRC bit up to
ATA/ATAPI-7, it seems to imply that ABRT bit alone could
indicate tranfer errors.
</para>
@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ and other resources, etc.
<para>
Depending on commands, not all STATUS/ERROR bits are
applicable. These non-applicable bits are marked with
&quot;na&quot; in the output descriptions but upto ATA/ATAPI-7
&quot;na&quot; in the output descriptions but up to ATA/ATAPI-7
no definition of &quot;na&quot; can be found. However,
ATA/ATAPI-8 draft revision 1f describes &quot;N/A&quot; as
follows.
@ -1507,7 +1507,7 @@ and other resources, etc.
<listitem>
<para>
CHS set up with INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS (seldomly used)
CHS set up with INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS (seldom used)
</para>
</listitem>

60
Documentation/DocBook/media-entities.tmpl
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@ -11,6 +11,10 @@
<!ENTITY func-select "<link linkend='func-select'><function>select()</function></link>">
<!ENTITY func-write "<link linkend='func-write'><function>write()</function></link>">
<!ENTITY media-func-close "<link linkend='media-func-close'><function>close()</function></link>">
<!ENTITY media-func-ioctl "<link linkend='media-func-ioctl'><function>ioctl()</function></link>">
<!ENTITY media-func-open "<link linkend='media-func-open'><function>open()</function></link>">
<!-- Ioctls -->
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-CROPCAP "<link linkend='vidioc-cropcap'><constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-DBG-G-CHIP-IDENT "<link linkend='vidioc-dbg-g-chip-ident'><constant>VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT</constant></link>">
@ -82,11 +86,24 @@
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-PRIORITY "<link linkend='vidioc-g-priority'><constant>VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-STD "<link linkend='vidioc-g-std'><constant>VIDIOC_S_STD</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-S-TUNER "<link linkend='vidioc-g-tuner'><constant>VIDIOC_S_TUNER</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-ENUM-FRAME-SIZE "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-enum-frame-size'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-ENUM-MBUS-CODE "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-enum-mbus-code'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-CROP "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-crop'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FRAME-INTERVAL "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-frame-interval'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-CROP "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-crop'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FRAME-INTERVAL "<link linkend='vidioc-subdev-g-frame-interval'><constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-ENCODER-CMD "<link linkend='vidioc-encoder-cmd'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-EXT-CTRLS "<link linkend='vidioc-g-ext-ctrls'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-TRY-FMT "<link linkend='vidioc-g-fmt'><constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY VIDIOC-UNSUBSCRIBE-EVENT "<link linkend='vidioc-subscribe-event'><constant>VIDIOC_UNSUBSCRIBE_EVENT</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY MEDIA-IOC-DEVICE-INFO "<link linkend='media-ioc-device-info'><constant>MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY MEDIA-IOC-ENUM-ENTITIES "<link linkend='media-ioc-enum-entities'><constant>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY MEDIA-IOC-ENUM-LINKS "<link linkend='media-ioc-enum-links'><constant>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS</constant></link>">
<!ENTITY MEDIA-IOC-SETUP-LINK "<link linkend='media-ioc-setup-link'><constant>MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK</constant></link>">
<!-- Types -->
<!ENTITY v4l2-std-id "<link linkend='v4l2-std-id'>v4l2_std_id</link>">
@ -98,6 +115,7 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-field "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-field'>v4l2_field</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-frmivaltypes "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmivaltypes'>v4l2_frmivaltypes</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-frmsizetypes "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-frmsizetypes'>v4l2_frmsizetypes</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-mbus-pixelcode "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mbus-pixelcode'>v4l2_mbus_pixelcode</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-memory "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-memory'>v4l2_memory</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-ac3-bitrate'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_ac3_bitrate</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-audio-crc'>v4l2_mpeg_audio_crc</link>">
@ -121,6 +139,7 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding'>v4l2_mpeg_video_encoding</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-power-line-frequency "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-power-line-frequency'>v4l2_power_line_frequency</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-priority "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-priority'>v4l2_priority</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-format-whence "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-format-whence'>v4l2_subdev_format_whence</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-tuner-type "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-tuner-type'>v4l2_tuner_type</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-preemphasis "enum&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-preemphasis'>v4l2_preemphasis</link>">
@ -129,6 +148,7 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-audioout "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-audioout'>v4l2_audioout</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-bt-timings "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-bt-timings'>v4l2_bt_timings</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-buffer "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-buffer'>v4l2_buffer</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-plane "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-plane'>v4l2_plane</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-capability "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-capability'>v4l2_capability</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-captureparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-captureparm'>v4l2_captureparm</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-clip "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-clip'>v4l2_clip</link>">
@ -162,11 +182,14 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-hw-freq-seek "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-hw-freq-seek'>v4l2_hw_freq_seek</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-input "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-input'>v4l2_input</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-jpegcompression "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-jpegcompression'>v4l2_jpegcompression</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-mbus-framefmt "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mbus-framefmt'>v4l2_mbus_framefmt</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-modulator "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-modulator'>v4l2_modulator</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv'>v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-output "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-output'>v4l2_output</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-outputparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-outputparm'>v4l2_outputparm</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-pix-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-pix-format'>v4l2_pix_format</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-pix-format-mplane "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-pix-format-mplane'>v4l2_pix_format_mplane</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-plane-pix-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-plane-pix-format'>v4l2_plane_pix_format</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-queryctrl "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-queryctrl'>v4l2_queryctrl</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-querymenu "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-querymenu'>v4l2_querymenu</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-rect "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-rect'>v4l2_rect</link>">
@ -174,6 +197,12 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-cap'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-data "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-data'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_data</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-sliced-vbi-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-sliced-vbi-format'>v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-frame-interval "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-frame-interval'>v4l2_subdev_frame_interval</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-frame-interval-enum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-frame-interval-enum'>v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-frame-size-enum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-frame-size-enum'>v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-crop "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-crop'>v4l2_subdev_crop</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-format'>v4l2_subdev_format</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum'>v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-standard "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-standard'>v4l2_standard</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-streamparm "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-streamparm'>v4l2_streamparm</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-timecode "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-timecode'>v4l2_timecode</link>">
@ -181,6 +210,12 @@
<!ENTITY v4l2-vbi-format "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-vbi-format'>v4l2_vbi_format</link>">
<!ENTITY v4l2-window "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='v4l2-window'>v4l2_window</link>">
<!ENTITY media-device-info "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='media-device-info'>media_device_info</link>">
<!ENTITY media-entity-desc "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='media-entity-desc'>media_entity_desc</link>">
<!ENTITY media-links-enum "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='media-links-enum'>media_links_enum</link>">
<!ENTITY media-pad-desc "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='media-pad-desc'>media_pad_desc</link>">
<!ENTITY media-link-desc "struct&nbsp;<link linkend='media-link-desc'>media_link_desc</link>">
<!-- Error Codes -->
<!ENTITY EACCES "<errorcode>EACCES</errorcode> error code">
<!ENTITY EAGAIN "<errorcode>EAGAIN</errorcode> error code">
@ -197,11 +232,13 @@
<!ENTITY ENXIO "<errorcode>ENXIO</errorcode> error code">
<!ENTITY EMFILE "<errorcode>EMFILE</errorcode> error code">
<!ENTITY EPERM "<errorcode>EPERM</errorcode> error code">
<!ENTITY EPIPE "<errorcode>EPIPE</errorcode> error code">
<!ENTITY ERANGE "<errorcode>ERANGE</errorcode> error code">
<!-- Subsections -->
<!ENTITY sub-biblio SYSTEM "v4l/biblio.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-common SYSTEM "v4l/common.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-planar-apis SYSTEM "v4l/planar-apis.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-compat SYSTEM "v4l/compat.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-controls SYSTEM "v4l/controls.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dev-capture SYSTEM "v4l/dev-capture.xml">
@ -215,6 +252,7 @@
<!ENTITY sub-dev-raw-vbi SYSTEM "v4l/dev-raw-vbi.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dev-rds SYSTEM "v4l/dev-rds.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dev-sliced-vbi SYSTEM "v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dev-subdev SYSTEM "v4l/dev-subdev.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dev-teletext SYSTEM "v4l/dev-teletext.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-driver SYSTEM "v4l/driver.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-libv4l SYSTEM "v4l/libv4l.xml">
@ -233,6 +271,8 @@
<!ENTITY sub-io SYSTEM "v4l/io.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-grey SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-nv12 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-nv12m SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12m.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-nv12mt SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12mt.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-nv16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-packed-rgb SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-packed-yuv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml">
@ -247,12 +287,14 @@
<!ENTITY sub-yuv410 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yuv411p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yuv420 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yuv420m SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420m.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yuv422p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yuyv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-yvyu SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-srggb10 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-srggb10.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-srggb8 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-srggb8.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-y10 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y10.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-y12 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-y12.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-pixfmt SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-cropcap SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-cropcap.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-dbg-g-register SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-dbg-g-register.xml">
@ -298,6 +340,13 @@
<!ENTITY sub-reqbufs SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-reqbufs.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-s-hw-freq-seek SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-s-hw-freq-seek.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-streamon SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-enum-frame-interval SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-enum-frame-interval.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-enum-frame-size SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-enum-frame-size.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-enum-mbus-code SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-enum-mbus-code.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-formats SYSTEM "v4l/subdev-formats.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-g-crop SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-g-crop.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-g-fmt SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-g-fmt.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-subdev-g-frame-interval SYSTEM "v4l/vidioc-subdev-g-frame-interval.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-capture-c SYSTEM "v4l/capture.c.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-keytable-c SYSTEM "v4l/keytable.c.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-v4l2grab-c SYSTEM "v4l/v4l2grab.c.xml">
@ -321,6 +370,15 @@
<!ENTITY sub-media-entities SYSTEM "media-entities.tmpl">
<!ENTITY sub-media-indices SYSTEM "media-indices.tmpl">
<!ENTITY sub-media-controller SYSTEM "v4l/media-controller.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-open SYSTEM "v4l/media-func-open.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-close SYSTEM "v4l/media-func-close.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-ioctl SYSTEM "v4l/media-func-ioctl.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-ioc-device-info SYSTEM "v4l/media-ioc-device-info.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-ioc-enum-entities SYSTEM "v4l/media-ioc-enum-entities.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-ioc-enum-links SYSTEM "v4l/media-ioc-enum-links.xml">
<!ENTITY sub-media-ioc-setup-link SYSTEM "v4l/media-ioc-setup-link.xml">
<!-- Function Reference -->
<!ENTITY close SYSTEM "v4l/func-close.xml">
<!ENTITY ioctl SYSTEM "v4l/func-ioctl.xml">
@ -333,6 +391,7 @@
<!ENTITY write SYSTEM "v4l/func-write.xml">
<!ENTITY grey SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-grey.xml">
<!ENTITY nv12 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12.xml">
<!ENTITY nv12m SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv12m.xml">
<!ENTITY nv16 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-nv16.xml">
<!ENTITY packed-rgb SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-rgb.xml">
<!ENTITY packed-yuv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-packed-yuv.xml">
@ -347,6 +406,7 @@
<!ENTITY yuv410 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv410.xml">
<!ENTITY yuv411p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv411p.xml">
<!ENTITY yuv420 SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420.xml">
<!ENTITY yuv420m SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv420m.xml">
<!ENTITY yuv422p SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuv422p.xml">
<!ENTITY yuyv SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yuyv.xml">
<!ENTITY yvyu SYSTEM "v4l/pixfmt-yvyu.xml">

3
Documentation/DocBook/media.tmpl
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@ -106,6 +106,9 @@ Foundation. A copy of the license is included in the chapter entitled
&sub-remote_controllers;
</chapter>
</part>
<part id="media_common">
&sub-media-controller;
</part>
&sub-fdl-appendix;

12
Documentation/DocBook/mtdnand.tmpl
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@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ static void board_select_chip (struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip)
Reed-Solomon library.
</para>
<para>
The ECC bytes must be placed immidiately after the data
The ECC bytes must be placed immediately after the data
bytes in order to make the syndrome generator work. This
is contrary to the usual layout used by software ECC. The
separation of data and out of band area is not longer
@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ static void board_select_chip (struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip)
holds the bad block table. Store a pointer to the pattern
in the pattern field. Further the length of the pattern has to be
stored in len and the offset in the spare area must be given
in the offs member of the nand_bbt_descr stucture. For mirrored
in the offs member of the nand_bbt_descr structure. For mirrored
bad block tables different patterns are mandatory.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Table creation</para>
<para>Set the option NAND_BBT_CREATE to enable the table creation
@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ static void board_select_chip (struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip)
<listitem><para>Table version control</para>
<para>Set the option NAND_BBT_VERSION to enable the table version control.
It's highly recommended to enable this for mirrored tables with write
support. It makes sure that the risk of loosing the bad block
support. It makes sure that the risk of losing the bad block
table information is reduced to the loss of the information about the
one worn out block which should be marked bad. The version is stored in
4 consecutive bytes in the spare area of the device. The position of
@ -1060,19 +1060,19 @@ data in this page</entry>
<row>
<entry>0x3D</entry>
<entry>ECC byte 21</entry>
<entry>Error correction code byte 0 of the eigth 256 Bytes of data
<entry>Error correction code byte 0 of the eighth 256 Bytes of data
in this page</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>0x3E</entry>
<entry>ECC byte 22</entry>
<entry>Error correction code byte 1 of the eigth 256 Bytes of data
<entry>Error correction code byte 1 of the eighth 256 Bytes of data
in this page</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>0x3F</entry>
<entry>ECC byte 23</entry>
<entry>Error correction code byte 2 of the eigth 256 Bytes of data
<entry>Error correction code byte 2 of the eighth 256 Bytes of data
in this page</entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>

1
Documentation/DocBook/rapidio.tmpl
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@ -133,7 +133,6 @@
!Idrivers/rapidio/rio-sysfs.c
</sect1>
<sect1 id="PPC32_support"><title>PPC32 support</title>
!Earch/powerpc/sysdev/fsl_rio.c
!Iarch/powerpc/sysdev/fsl_rio.c
</sect1>
</chapter>

4
Documentation/DocBook/regulator.tmpl
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@ -267,8 +267,8 @@
<sect1 id="machine-constraint">
<title>Constraints</title>
<para>
As well as definining the connections the machine interface
also provides constraints definining the operations that
As well as defining the connections the machine interface
also provides constraints defining the operations that
clients are allowed to perform and the parameters that may be
set. This is required since generally regulator devices will
offer more flexibility than it is safe to use on a given

2
Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl
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@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ framework to set up sysfs files for this region. Simply leave it alone.
perform some initialization. After that, your hardware
starts working and will generate an interrupt as soon
as it's finished, has some data available, or needs your
attention because an error occured.
attention because an error occurred.
</para>
<para>
<filename>/dev/uioX</filename> is a read-only file. A

2
Documentation/DocBook/usb.tmpl
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@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ usbdev_ioctl (int fd, int ifno, unsigned request, void *param)
</para><para>
This request lets kernel drivers talk to user mode code
through filesystem operations even when they don't create
a charactor or block special device.
a character or block special device.
It's also been used to do things like ask devices what
device special file should be used.
Two pre-defined ioctls are used

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4
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/common.xml
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@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, 2002-11-20. --></para>
<para>By convention system administrators create various
character device special files with these major and minor numbers in
the <filename>/dev</filename> directory. The names recomended for the
the <filename>/dev</filename> directory. The names recommended for the
different V4L2 device types are listed in <xref linkend="devices" />.
</para>
@ -846,6 +846,8 @@ conversion routine or library for integration into applications.</para>
</section>
</section>
&sub-planar-apis;
<section id="crop">
<title>Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling</title>

26
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/compat.xml
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@ -1711,8 +1711,8 @@ ioctl would enumerate the available audio inputs. An ioctl to
determine the current audio input, if more than one combines with the
current video input, did not exist. So
<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO</constant> was renamed to
<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD</constant>, this ioctl will be removed in
the future. The &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; ioctl was added to enumerate
<constant>VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD</constant>, this ioctl was removed on
Kernel 2.6.39. The &VIDIOC-ENUMAUDIO; ioctl was added to enumerate
audio inputs, while &VIDIOC-G-AUDIO; now reports the current audio
input.</para>
<para>The same changes were made to &VIDIOC-G-AUDOUT; and
@ -1726,7 +1726,7 @@ must be updated to successfully compile again.</para>
<para>The &VIDIOC-OVERLAY; ioctl was incorrectly defined with
write-read parameter. It was changed to write-only, while the write-read
version was renamed to <constant>VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD</constant>. The old
ioctl will be removed in the future. Until further the "videodev"
ioctl was removed on Kernel 2.6.39. Until further the "videodev"
kernel module will automatically translate to the new version, so drivers
must be recompiled, but not applications.</para>
</listitem>
@ -1744,7 +1744,7 @@ surface can be seen.</para>
defined with write-only parameter, inconsistent with other ioctls
modifying their argument. They were changed to write-read, while a
<constant>_OLD</constant> suffix was added to the write-only versions.
The old ioctls will be removed in the future. Drivers and
The old ioctls were removed on Kernel 2.6.39. Drivers and
applications assuming a constant parameter need an update.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
@ -1815,8 +1815,8 @@ yet to be addressed, for details see <xref
<para>The &VIDIOC-CROPCAP; ioctl was incorrectly defined
with read-only parameter. It is now defined as write-read ioctl, while
the read-only version was renamed to
<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD</constant>. The old ioctl will be removed
in the future.</para>
<constant>VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD</constant>. The old ioctl was removed
on Kernel 2.6.39.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
@ -2353,6 +2353,20 @@ that used it. It was originally scheduled for removal in 2.6.35.
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section>
<title>V4L2 in Linux 2.6.39</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>The old VIDIOC_*_OLD symbols and V4L1 support were removed.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Multi-planar API added. Does not affect the compatibility of
current drivers and applications. See
<link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link>
for details.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="other">
<title>Relation of V4L2 to other Linux multimedia APIs</title>

2
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/controls.xml
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@ -1243,7 +1243,7 @@ values are:</entry>
</row><row><entry spanname="descr">Mutes the audio when
capturing. This is not done by muting audio hardware, which can still
produce a slight hiss, but in the encoder itself, guaranteeing a fixed
and reproducable audio bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
and reproducible audio bitstream. 0 = unmuted, 1 = muted.</entry>
</row>
<row><entry></entry></row>
<row id="v4l2-mpeg-video-encoding">

13
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-capture.xml
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@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ files are used for video output devices.</para>
<title>Querying Capabilities</title>
<para>Devices supporting the video capture interface set the
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> flag in the
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant> flag in the
<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
they may also support the <link linkend="overlay">video overlay</link>
@ -64,9 +65,11 @@ linkend="crop" />.</para>
<para>To query the current image format applications set the
<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> and call the
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant> and call the
&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> or the
&v4l2-pix-format-mplane; <structfield>pix_mp</structfield> member of the
<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
<para>To request different parameters applications set the
@ -84,8 +87,8 @@ adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
preparations.</para>
<para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
<para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; and &v4l2-pix-format-mplane;
are discussed in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
capture devices must implement both the

13
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/dev-output.xml
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@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ files are used for video capture devices.</para>
<title>Querying Capabilities</title>
<para>Devices supporting the video output interface set the
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> flag in the
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant> flag in the
<structfield>capabilities</structfield> field of &v4l2-capability;
returned by the &VIDIOC-QUERYCAP; ioctl. As secondary device functions
they may also support the <link linkend="raw-vbi">raw VBI
@ -60,9 +61,11 @@ linkend="crop" />.</para>
<para>To query the current image format applications set the
<structfield>type</structfield> field of a &v4l2-format; to
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> and call the
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant> and call the
&VIDIOC-G-FMT; ioctl with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill
the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member of the
the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> or the
&v4l2-pix-format-mplane; <structfield>pix_mp</structfield> member of the
<structfield>fmt</structfield> union.</para>
<para>To request different parameters applications set the
@ -80,8 +83,8 @@ adjust the parameters and finally return the actual parameters as
without disabling I/O or possibly time consuming hardware
preparations.</para>
<para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; are discussed in <xref
linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
<para>The contents of &v4l2-pix-format; and &v4l2-pix-format-mplane;
are discussed in <xref linkend="pixfmt" />. See also the specification of the
<constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant>, <constant>VIDIOC_S_FMT</constant>
and <constant>VIDIOC_TRY_FMT</constant> ioctls for details. Video
output devices must implement both the

313
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@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
<title>Sub-device Interface</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>The complex nature of V4L2 devices, where hardware is often made of
several integrated circuits that need to interact with each other in a
controlled way, leads to complex V4L2 drivers. The drivers usually reflect
the hardware model in software, and model the different hardware components
as software blocks called sub-devices.</para>
<para>V4L2 sub-devices are usually kernel-only objects. If the V4L2 driver
implements the media device API, they will automatically inherit from media
entities. Applications will be able to enumerate the sub-devices and discover
the hardware topology using the media entities, pads and links enumeration
API.</para>
<para>In addition to make sub-devices discoverable, drivers can also choose
to make them directly configurable by applications. When both the sub-device
driver and the V4L2 device driver support this, sub-devices will feature a
character device node on which ioctls can be called to
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>query, read and write sub-devices controls</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>subscribe and unsubscribe to events and retrieve them</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>negotiate image formats on individual pads</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>Sub-device character device nodes, conventionally named
<filename>/dev/v4l-subdev*</filename>, use major number 81.</para>
<section>
<title>Controls</title>
<para>Most V4L2 controls are implemented by sub-device hardware. Drivers
usually merge all controls and expose them through video device nodes.
Applications can control all sub-devices through a single interface.</para>
<para>Complex devices sometimes implement the same control in different
pieces of hardware. This situation is common in embedded platforms, where
both sensors and image processing hardware implement identical functions,
such as contrast adjustment, white balance or faulty pixels correction. As
the V4L2 controls API doesn't support several identical controls in a single
device, all but one of the identical controls are hidden.</para>
<para>Applications can access those hidden controls through the sub-device
node with the V4L2 control API described in <xref linkend="control" />. The
ioctls behave identically as when issued on V4L2 device nodes, with the
exception that they deal only with controls implemented in the sub-device.
</para>
<para>Depending on the driver, those controls might also be exposed through
one (or several) V4L2 device nodes.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Events</title>
<para>V4L2 sub-devices can notify applications of events as described in
<xref linkend="event" />. The API behaves identically as when used on V4L2
device nodes, with the exception that it only deals with events generated by
the sub-device. Depending on the driver, those events might also be reported
on one (or several) V4L2 device nodes.</para>
</section>
<section id="pad-level-formats">
<title>Pad-level Formats</title>
<warning><para>Pad-level formats are only applicable to very complex device that
need to expose low-level format configuration to user space. Generic V4L2
applications do <emphasis>not</emphasis> need to use the API described in
this section.</para></warning>
<note><para>For the purpose of this section, the term
<wordasword>format</wordasword> means the combination of media bus data
format, frame width and frame height.</para></note>
<para>Image formats are typically negotiated on video capture and output
devices using the <link linkend="crop">cropping and scaling</link> ioctls.
The driver is responsible for configuring every block in the video pipeline
according to the requested format at the pipeline input and/or
output.</para>
<para>For complex devices, such as often found in embedded systems,
identical image sizes at the output of a pipeline can be achieved using
different hardware configurations. One such example is shown on
<xref linkend="pipeline-scaling" />, where
image scaling can be performed on both the video sensor and the host image
processing hardware.</para>
<figure id="pipeline-scaling">
<title>Image Format Negotiation on Pipelines</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="pipeline.pdf" format="PS" />
</imageobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="pipeline.png" format="PNG" />
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>High quality and high speed pipeline configuration</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>The sensor scaler is usually of less quality than the host scaler, but
scaling on the sensor is required to achieve higher frame rates. Depending
on the use case (quality vs. speed), the pipeline must be configured
differently. Applications need to configure the formats at every point in
the pipeline explicitly.</para>
<para>Drivers that implement the <link linkend="media-controller-intro">media
API</link> can expose pad-level image format configuration to applications.
When they do, applications can use the &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; and
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT; ioctls. to negotiate formats on a per-pad basis.</para>
<para>Applications are responsible for configuring coherent parameters on
the whole pipeline and making sure that connected pads have compatible
formats. The pipeline is checked for formats mismatch at &VIDIOC-STREAMON;
time, and an &EPIPE; is then returned if the configuration is
invalid.</para>
<para>Pad-level image format configuration support can be tested by calling
the &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; ioctl on pad 0. If the driver returns an &EINVAL;
pad-level format configuration is not supported by the sub-device.</para>
<section>
<title>Format Negotiation</title>
<para>Acceptable formats on pads can (and usually do) depend on a number
of external parameters, such as formats on other pads, active links, or
even controls. Finding a combination of formats on all pads in a video
pipeline, acceptable to both application and driver, can't rely on formats
enumeration only. A format negotiation mechanism is required.</para>
<para>Central to the format negotiation mechanism are the get/set format
operations. When called with the <structfield>which</structfield> argument
set to <constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY</constant>, the
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; and &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT; ioctls operate on a set of
formats parameters that are not connected to the hardware configuration.
Modifying those 'try' formats leaves the device state untouched (this
applies to both the software state stored in the driver and the hardware
state stored in the device itself).</para>
<para>While not kept as part of the device state, try formats are stored
in the sub-device file handles. A &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; call will return
the last try format set <emphasis>on the same sub-device file
handle</emphasis>. Several applications querying the same sub-device at
the same time will thus not interact with each other.</para>
<para>To find out whether a particular format is supported by the device,
applications use the &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT; ioctl. Drivers verify and, if
needed, change the requested <structfield>format</structfield> based on
device requirements and return the possibly modified value. Applications
can then choose to try a different format or accept the returned value and
continue.</para>
<para>Formats returned by the driver during a negotiation iteration are
guaranteed to be supported by the device. In particular, drivers guarantee
that a returned format will not be further changed if passed to an
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT; call as-is (as long as external parameters, such as
formats on other pads or links' configuration are not changed).</para>
<para>Drivers automatically propagate formats inside sub-devices. When a
try or active format is set on a pad, corresponding formats on other pads
of the same sub-device can be modified by the driver. Drivers are free to
modify formats as required by the device. However, they should comply with
the following rules when possible:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Formats should be propagated from sink pads to source pads.
Modifying a format on a source pad should not modify the format on any
sink pad.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Sub-devices that scale frames using variable scaling factors
should reset the scale factors to default values when sink pads formats
are modified. If the 1:1 scaling ratio is supported, this means that
source pads formats should be reset to the sink pads formats.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>Formats are not propagated across links, as that would involve
propagating them from one sub-device file handle to another. Applications
must then take care to configure both ends of every link explicitly with
compatible formats. Identical formats on the two ends of a link are
guaranteed to be compatible. Drivers are free to accept different formats
matching device requirements as being compatible.</para>
<para><xref linkend="sample-pipeline-config" />
shows a sample configuration sequence for the pipeline described in
<xref linkend="pipeline-scaling" /> (table
columns list entity names and pad numbers).</para>
<table pgwide="0" frame="none" id="sample-pipeline-config">
<title>Sample Pipeline Configuration</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="what"/>
<colspec colname="sensor-0" />
<colspec colname="frontend-0" />
<colspec colname="frontend-1" />
<colspec colname="scaler-0" />
<colspec colname="scaler-1" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Sensor/0</entry>
<entry>Frontend/0</entry>
<entry>Frontend/1</entry>
<entry>Scaler/0</entry>
<entry>Scaler/1</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>Initial state</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry>-</entry>
<entry>-</entry>
<entry>-</entry>
<entry>-</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Configure frontend input</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry><emphasis>2048x1536</emphasis></entry>
<entry><emphasis>2046x1534</emphasis></entry>
<entry>-</entry>
<entry>-</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Configure scaler input</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry>2046x1534</entry>
<entry><emphasis>2046x1534</emphasis></entry>
<entry><emphasis>2046x1534</emphasis></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Configure scaler output</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry>2048x1536</entry>
<entry>2046x1534</entry>
<entry>2046x1534</entry>
<entry><emphasis>1280x960</emphasis></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Initial state. The sensor output is set to its native 3MP
resolution. Resolutions on the host frontend and scaler input and output
pads are undefined.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The application configures the frontend input pad resolution to
2048x1536. The driver propagates the format to the frontend output pad.
Note that the propagated output format can be different, as in this case,
than the input format, as the hardware might need to crop pixels (for
instance when converting a Bayer filter pattern to RGB or YUV).</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The application configures the scaler input pad resolution to
2046x1534 to match the frontend output resolution. The driver propagates
the format to the scaler output pad.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The application configures the scaler output pad resolution to
1280x960.</para></listitem>
</orderedlist>
</para>
<para>When satisfied with the try results, applications can set the active
formats by setting the <structfield>which</structfield> argument to
<constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY</constant>. Active formats are changed
exactly as try formats by drivers. To avoid modifying the hardware state
during format negotiation, applications should negotiate try formats first
and then modify the active settings using the try formats returned during
the last negotiation iteration. This guarantees that the active format
will be applied as-is by the driver without being modified.
</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Cropping and scaling</title>
<para>Many sub-devices support cropping frames on their input or output
pads (or possible even on both). Cropping is used to select the area of
interest in an image, typically on a video sensor or video decoder. It can
also be used as part of digital zoom implementations to select the area of
the image that will be scaled up.</para>
<para>Crop settings are defined by a crop rectangle and represented in a
&v4l2-rect; by the coordinates of the top left corner and the rectangle
size. Both the coordinates and sizes are expressed in pixels.</para>
<para>The crop rectangle is retrieved and set using the
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-CROP; and &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-CROP; ioctls. Like for pad
formats, drivers store try and active crop rectangles. The format
negotiation mechanism applies to crop settings as well.</para>
<para>On input pads, cropping is applied relatively to the current pad
format. The pad format represents the image size as received by the
sub-device from the previous block in the pipeline, and the crop rectangle
represents the sub-image that will be transmitted further inside the
sub-device for processing. The crop rectangle be entirely containted
inside the input image size.</para>
<para>Input crop rectangle are reset to their default value when the input
image format is modified. Drivers should use the input image size as the
crop rectangle default value, but hardware requirements may prevent this.
</para>
<para>Cropping behaviour on output pads is not defined.</para>
</section>
</section>
&sub-subdev-formats;

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@ -45,7 +45,10 @@ just specify a <constant>NULL</constant> pointer here.</para>
<listitem>
<para>Length of the memory area to map. This must be the
same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
<structfield>length</structfield> field.</para>
<structfield>length</structfield> field for the
single-planar API, and the same value as returned by the driver
in the &v4l2-plane; <structfield>length</structfield> field for the
multi-planar API.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
@ -106,7 +109,10 @@ flag.</para>
<listitem>
<para>Offset of the buffer in device memory. This must be the
same value as returned by the driver in the &v4l2-buffer;
<structfield>m</structfield> union <structfield>offset</structfield> field.</para>
<structfield>m</structfield> union <structfield>offset</structfield> field for
the single-planar API, and the same value as returned by the driver
in the &v4l2-plane; <structfield>m</structfield> union
<structfield>mem_offset</structfield> field for the multi-planar API.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

3
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@ -37,7 +37,8 @@
<para>Length of the mapped buffer. This must be the same
value as given to <function>mmap()</function> and returned by the
driver in the &v4l2-buffer; <structfield>length</structfield>
field.</para>
field for the single-planar API and in the &v4l2-plane;
<structfield>length</structfield> field for the multi-planar API.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

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@ -121,18 +121,22 @@ mapped.</para>
<para>Before applications can access the buffers they must map
them into their address space with the &func-mmap; function. The
location of the buffers in device memory can be determined with the
&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. The <structfield>m.offset</structfield> and
<structfield>length</structfield> returned in a &v4l2-buffer; are
passed as sixth and second parameter to the
<function>mmap()</function> function. The offset and length values
must not be modified. Remember the buffers are allocated in physical
memory, as opposed to virtual memory which can be swapped out to disk.
Applications should free the buffers as soon as possible with the
&func-munmap; function.</para>
&VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl. In the single-planar API case, the
<structfield>m.offset</structfield> and <structfield>length</structfield>
returned in a &v4l2-buffer; are passed as sixth and second parameter to the
<function>mmap()</function> function. When using the multi-planar API,
struct &v4l2-buffer; contains an array of &v4l2-plane; structures, each
containing its own <structfield>m.offset</structfield> and
<structfield>length</structfield>. When using the multi-planar API, every
plane of every buffer has to be mapped separately, so the number of
calls to &func-mmap; should be equal to number of buffers times number of
planes in each buffer. The offset and length values must not be modified.
Remember, the buffers are allocated in physical memory, as opposed to virtual
memory, which can be swapped out to disk. Applications should free the buffers
as soon as possible with the &func-munmap; function.</para>
<example>
<title>Mapping buffers</title>
<title>Mapping buffers in the single-planar API</title>
<programlisting>
&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
struct {
@ -141,63 +145,145 @@ struct {
} *buffers;
unsigned int i;
memset (&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof (reqbuf));
memset(&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof(reqbuf));
reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
reqbuf.count = 20;
if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf)) {
if (errno == EINVAL)
printf ("Video capturing or mmap-streaming is not supported\n");
printf("Video capturing or mmap-streaming is not supported\n");
else
perror ("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
perror("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* We want at least five buffers. */
if (reqbuf.count &lt; 5) {
/* You may need to free the buffers here. */
printf ("Not enough buffer memory\n");
exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
printf("Not enough buffer memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
buffers = calloc (reqbuf.count, sizeof (*buffers));
assert (buffers != NULL);
buffers = calloc(reqbuf.count, sizeof(*buffers));
assert(buffers != NULL);
for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++) {
&v4l2-buffer; buffer;
memset (&amp;buffer, 0, sizeof (buffer));
memset(&amp;buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
buffer.type = reqbuf.type;
buffer.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
buffer.index = i;
if (-1 == ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &amp;buffer)) {
perror ("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
perror("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
buffers[i].length = buffer.length; /* remember for munmap() */
buffers[i].start = mmap (NULL, buffer.length,
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, /* recommended */
MAP_SHARED, /* recommended */
fd, buffer.m.offset);
buffers[i].start = mmap(NULL, buffer.length,
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, /* recommended */
MAP_SHARED, /* recommended */
fd, buffer.m.offset);
if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[i].start) {
/* If you do not exit here you should unmap() and free()
the buffers mapped so far. */
perror ("mmap");
exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
perror("mmap");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
/* Cleanup. */
for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++)
munmap (buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Mapping buffers in the multi-planar API</title>
<programlisting>
&v4l2-requestbuffers; reqbuf;
/* Our current format uses 3 planes per buffer */
#define FMT_NUM_PLANES = 3;
struct {
void *start[FMT_NUM_PLANES];
size_t length[FMT_NUM_PLANES];
} *buffers;
unsigned int i, j;
memset(&amp;reqbuf, 0, sizeof(reqbuf));
reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE;
reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
reqbuf.count = 20;
if (ioctl(fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf) &lt; 0) {
if (errno == EINVAL)
printf("Video capturing or mmap-streaming is not supported\n");
else
perror("VIDIOC_REQBUFS");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* We want at least five buffers. */
if (reqbuf.count &lt; 5) {
/* You may need to free the buffers here. */
printf("Not enough buffer memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
buffers = calloc(reqbuf.count, sizeof(*buffers));
assert(buffers != NULL);
for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++) {
&v4l2-buffer; buffer;
&v4l2-plane; planes[FMT_NUM_PLANES];
memset(&amp;buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
buffer.type = reqbuf.type;
buffer.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
buffer.index = i;
/* length in struct v4l2_buffer in multi-planar API stores the size
* of planes array. */
buffer.length = FMT_NUM_PLANES;
buffer.m.planes = planes;
if (ioctl(fd, &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &amp;buffer) &lt; 0) {
perror("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Every plane has to be mapped separately */
for (j = 0; j &lt; FMT_NUM_PLANES; j++) {
buffers[i].length[j] = buffer.m.planes[j].length; /* remember for munmap() */
buffers[i].start[j] = mmap(NULL, buffer.m.planes[j].length,
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, /* recommended */
MAP_SHARED, /* recommended */
fd, buffer.m.planes[j].m.offset);
if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[i].start[j]) {
/* If you do not exit here you should unmap() and free()
the buffers and planes mapped so far. */
perror("mmap");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
}
/* Cleanup. */
for (i = 0; i &lt; reqbuf.count; i++)
for (j = 0; j &lt; FMT_NUM_PLANES; j++)
munmap(buffers[i].start[j], buffers[i].length[j]);
</programlisting>
</example>
@ -286,13 +372,13 @@ pointer method (not only memory mapping) is supported must be
determined by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; ioctl.</para>
<para>This I/O method combines advantages of the read/write and
memory mapping methods. Buffers are allocated by the application
memory mapping methods. Buffers (planes) are allocated by the application
itself, and can reside for example in virtual or shared memory. Only
pointers to data are exchanged, these pointers and meta-information
are passed in &v4l2-buffer;. The driver must be switched
into user pointer I/O mode by calling the &VIDIOC-REQBUFS; with the
desired buffer type. No buffers are allocated beforehands,
consequently they are not indexed and cannot be queried like mapped
are passed in &v4l2-buffer; (or in &v4l2-plane; in the multi-planar API case).
The driver must be switched into user pointer I/O mode by calling the
&VIDIOC-REQBUFS; with the desired buffer type. No buffers (planes) are allocated
beforehand, consequently they are not indexed and cannot be queried like mapped
buffers with the <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> ioctl.</para>
<example>
@ -316,7 +402,7 @@ if (ioctl (fd, &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;, &amp;reqbuf) == -1) {
</programlisting>
</example>
<para>Buffer addresses and sizes are passed on the fly with the
<para>Buffer (plane) addresses and sizes are passed on the fly with the
&VIDIOC-QBUF; ioctl. Although buffers are commonly cycled,
applications can pass different addresses and sizes at each
<constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> call. If required by the hardware the
@ -396,11 +482,18 @@ rest should be evident.</para>
<title>Buffers</title>
<para>A buffer contains data exchanged by application and
driver using one of the Streaming I/O methods. Only pointers to
buffers are exchanged, the data itself is not copied. These pointers,
together with meta-information like timestamps or field parity, are
stored in a struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname>, argument to
the &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl.</para>
driver using one of the Streaming I/O methods. In the multi-planar API, the
data is held in planes, while the buffer structure acts as a container
for the planes. Only pointers to buffers (planes) are exchanged, the data
itself is not copied. These pointers, together with meta-information like
timestamps or field parity, are stored in a struct
<structname>v4l2_buffer</structname>, argument to
the &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;, &VIDIOC-QBUF; and &VIDIOC-DQBUF; ioctl.
In the multi-planar API, some plane-specific members of struct
<structname>v4l2_buffer</structname>, such as pointers and sizes for each
plane, are stored in struct <structname>v4l2_plane</structname> instead.
In that case, struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> contains an array of
plane structures.</para>
<para>Nominally timestamps refer to the first data byte transmitted.
In practice however the wide range of hardware covered by the V4L2 API
@ -551,26 +644,40 @@ in accordance with the selected I/O method.</entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>offset</structfield></entry>
<entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> this is the offset of the buffer
from the start of the device memory. The value is returned by the
driver and apart of serving as parameter to the &func-mmap; function
not useful for applications. See <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details.</entry>
<entry>For the single-planar API and when
<structfield>memory</structfield> is <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant> this
is the offset of the buffer from the start of the device memory. The value is
returned by the driver and apart of serving as parameter to the &func-mmap;
function not useful for applications. See <xref linkend="mmap" /> for details
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>unsigned long</entry>
<entry><structfield>userptr</structfield></entry>
<entry>When <structfield>memory</structfield> is
<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant> this is a pointer to the
buffer (casted to unsigned long type) in virtual memory, set by the
application. See <xref linkend="userp" /> for details.</entry>
<entry>For the single-planar API and when
<structfield>memory</structfield> is <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>
this is a pointer to the buffer (casted to unsigned long type) in virtual
memory, set by the application. See <xref linkend="userp" /> for details.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>struct v4l2_plane</entry>
<entry><structfield>*planes</structfield></entry>
<entry>When using the multi-planar API, contains a userspace pointer
to an array of &v4l2-plane;. The size of the array should be put
in the <structfield>length</structfield> field of this
<structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Size of the buffer (not the payload) in bytes.</entry>
<entry>Size of the buffer (not the payload) in bytes for the
single-planar API. For the multi-planar API should contain the
number of elements in the <structfield>planes</structfield> array.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
@ -596,6 +703,66 @@ should set this to 0.</entry>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-plane">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_plane</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="4">
&cs-ustr;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>bytesused</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>The number of bytes occupied by data in the plane
(its payload).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>length</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Size in bytes of the plane (not its payload).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>union</entry>
<entry><structfield>m</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>mem_offset</structfield></entry>
<entry>When the memory type in the containing &v4l2-buffer; is
<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP</constant>, this is the value that
should be passed to &func-mmap;, similar to the
<structfield>offset</structfield> field in &v4l2-buffer;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__unsigned long</entry>
<entry><structfield>userptr</structfield></entry>
<entry>When the memory type in the containing &v4l2-buffer; is
<constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>, this is a userspace
pointer to the memory allocated for this plane by an application.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>data_offset</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Offset in bytes to video data in the plane, if applicable.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved[11]</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Reserved for future use. Should be zeroed by an
application.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="v4l2-buf-type">
<title>enum v4l2_buf_type</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
@ -604,13 +771,27 @@ should set this to 0.</entry>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
<entry>1</entry>
<entry>Buffer of a video capture stream, see <xref
<entry>Buffer of a single-planar video capture stream, see <xref
linkend="capture" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant>
</entry>
<entry>9</entry>
<entry>Buffer of a multi-planar video capture stream, see <xref
linkend="capture" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
<entry>2</entry>
<entry>Buffer of a video output stream, see <xref
<entry>Buffer of a single-planar video output stream, see <xref
linkend="output" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant>
</entry>
<entry>10</entry>
<entry>Buffer of a multi-planar video output stream, see <xref
linkend="output" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>

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@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ and is not locked sets the cid to the scaled value.
<para>int v4l2_get_control(int fd, int cid) -
This function returns a value of 0 - 65535, scaled to from the actual range
of the given v4l control id. when the cid does not exist, could not be
accessed for some reason, or some error occured 0 is returned.
accessed for some reason, or some error occurred 0 is returned.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>

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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describing an IR signal are read from the chardev.</para>
<para>The data written to the chardev is a pulse/space sequence of integer
values. Pulses and spaces are only marked implicitly by their position. The
data must start and end with a pulse, therefore, the data must always include
an unevent number of samples. The write function must block until the data has
an uneven number of samples. The write function must block until the data has
been transmitted by the hardware.</para>
</section>

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@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
<partinfo>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Laurent</firstname>
<surname>Pinchart</surname>
<affiliation><address><email>laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com</email></address></affiliation>
<contrib>Initial version.</contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<copyright>
<year>2010</year>
<holder>Laurent Pinchart</holder>
</copyright>
<revhistory>
<!-- Put document revisions here, newest first. -->
<revision>
<revnumber>1.0.0</revnumber>
<date>2010-11-10</date>
<authorinitials>lp</authorinitials>
<revremark>Initial revision</revremark>
</revision>
</revhistory>
</partinfo>
<title>Media Controller API</title>
<chapter id="media_controller">
<title>Media Controller</title>
<section id="media-controller-intro">
<title>Introduction</title>
<para>Media devices increasingly handle multiple related functions. Many USB
cameras include microphones, video capture hardware can also output video,
or SoC camera interfaces also perform memory-to-memory operations similar to
video codecs.</para>
<para>Independent functions, even when implemented in the same hardware, can
be modelled as separate devices. A USB camera with a microphone will be
presented to userspace applications as V4L2 and ALSA capture devices. The
devices' relationships (when using a webcam, end-users shouldn't have to
manually select the associated USB microphone), while not made available
directly to applications by the drivers, can usually be retrieved from
sysfs.</para>
<para>With more and more advanced SoC devices being introduced, the current
approach will not scale. Device topologies are getting increasingly complex
and can't always be represented by a tree structure. Hardware blocks are
shared between different functions, creating dependencies between seemingly
unrelated devices.</para>
<para>Kernel abstraction APIs such as V4L2 and ALSA provide means for
applications to access hardware parameters. As newer hardware expose an
increasingly high number of those parameters, drivers need to guess what
applications really require based on limited information, thereby
implementing policies that belong to userspace.</para>
<para>The media controller API aims at solving those problems.</para>
</section>
<section id="media-controller-model">
<title>Media device model</title>
<para>Discovering a device internal topology, and configuring it at runtime,
is one of the goals of the media controller API. To achieve this, hardware
devices are modelled as an oriented graph of building blocks called entities
connected through pads.</para>
<para>An entity is a basic media hardware or software building block. It can
correspond to a large variety of logical blocks such as physical hardware
devices (CMOS sensor for instance), logical hardware devices (a building
block in a System-on-Chip image processing pipeline), DMA channels or
physical connectors.</para>
<para>A pad is a connection endpoint through which an entity can interact
with other entities. Data (not restricted to video) produced by an entity
flows from the entity's output to one or more entity inputs. Pads should not
be confused with physical pins at chip boundaries.</para>
<para>A link is a point-to-point oriented connection between two pads,
either on the same entity or on different entities. Data flows from a source
pad to a sink pad.</para>
</section>
</chapter>
<appendix id="media-user-func">
<title>Function Reference</title>
<!-- Keep this alphabetically sorted. -->
&sub-media-open;
&sub-media-close;
&sub-media-ioctl;
<!-- All ioctls go here. -->
&sub-media-ioc-device-info;
&sub-media-ioc-enum-entities;
&sub-media-ioc-enum-links;
&sub-media-ioc-setup-link;
</appendix>

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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
<refentry id="media-func-close">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>media close()</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>media-close</refname>
<refpurpose>Close a media device</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>close</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>Closes the media device. Resources associated with the file descriptor
are freed. The device configuration remain unchanged.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Return Value</title>
<para><function>close</function> returns 0 on success. On error, -1 is
returned, and <varname>errno</varname> is set appropriately. Possible error
codes are:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file descriptor.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
<refentry id="media-func-ioctl">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>media ioctl()</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>media-ioctl</refname>
<refpurpose>Control a media device</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>void *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>Media ioctl request code as defined in the media.h header file,
for example MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>Pointer to a request-specific structure.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>The <function>ioctl()</function> function manipulates media device
parameters. The argument <parameter>fd</parameter> must be an open file
descriptor.</para>
<para>The ioctl <parameter>request</parameter> code specifies the media
function to be called. It has encoded in it whether the argument is an
input, output or read/write parameter, and the size of the argument
<parameter>argp</parameter> in bytes.</para>
<para>Macros and structures definitions specifying media ioctl requests and
their parameters are located in the media.h header file. All media ioctl
requests, their respective function and parameters are specified in
<xref linkend="media-user-func" />.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Return Value</title>
<para><function>ioctl()</function> returns <returnvalue>0</returnvalue> on
success. On failure, <returnvalue>-1</returnvalue> is returned, and the
<varname>errno</varname> variable is set appropriately. Generic error codes
are listed below, and request-specific error codes are listed in the
individual requests descriptions.</para>
<para>When an ioctl that takes an output or read/write parameter fails,
the parameter remains unmodified.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBADF</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not a valid open file descriptor.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EFAULT</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para><parameter>argp</parameter> references an inaccessible memory
area.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The <parameter>request</parameter> or the data pointed to by
<parameter>argp</parameter> is not valid. This is a very common error
code, see the individual ioctl requests listed in
<xref linkend="media-user-func" /> for actual causes.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>Insufficient kernel memory was available to complete the
request.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>ENOTTY</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para><parameter>fd</parameter> is not associated with a character
special device.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
<refentry id="media-func-open">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>media open()</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>media-open</refname>
<refpurpose>Open a media device</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>open</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>device_name</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>flags</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>device_name</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>Device to be opened.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>Open flags. Access mode must be either <constant>O_RDONLY</constant>
or <constant>O_RDWR</constant>. Other flags have no effect.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>To open a media device applications call <function>open()</function>
with the desired device name. The function has no side effects; the device
configuration remain unchanged.</para>
<para>When the device is opened in read-only mode, attemps to modify its
configuration will result in an error, and <varname>errno</varname> will be
set to <errorcode>EBADF</errorcode>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Return Value</title>
<para><function>open</function> returns the new file descriptor on success.
On error, -1 is returned, and <varname>errno</varname> is set appropriately.
Possible error codes are:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EACCES</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The requested access to the file is not allowed.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EMFILE</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The process already has the maximum number of files open.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>ENFILE</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The system limit on the total number of open files has been
reached.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>ENOMEM</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>Insufficient kernel memory was available.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>ENXIO</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>No device corresponding to this device special file exists.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
<refentry id="media-ioc-device-info">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO</refname>
<refpurpose>Query device information</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct media_device_info *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>File descriptor returned by
<link linkend='media-func-open'><function>open()</function></link>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>All media devices must support the <constant>MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO</constant>
ioctl. To query device information, applications call the ioctl with a
pointer to a &media-device-info;. The driver fills the structure and returns
the information to the application.
The ioctl never fails.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="media-device-info">
<title>struct <structname>media_device_info</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>char</entry>
<entry><structfield>driver</structfield>[16]</entry>
<entry><para>Name of the driver implementing the media API as a
NUL-terminated ASCII string. The driver version is stored in the
<structfield>driver_version</structfield> field.</para>
<para>Driver specific applications can use this information to
verify the driver identity. It is also useful to work around
known bugs, or to identify drivers in error reports.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>char</entry>
<entry><structfield>model</structfield>[32]</entry>
<entry>Device model name as a NUL-terminated UTF-8 string. The
device version is stored in the <structfield>device_version</structfield>
field and is not be appended to the model name.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>char</entry>
<entry><structfield>serial</structfield>[40]</entry>
<entry>Serial number as a NUL-terminated ASCII string.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>char</entry>
<entry><structfield>bus_info</structfield>[32]</entry>
<entry>Location of the device in the system as a NUL-terminated
ASCII string. This includes the bus type name (PCI, USB, ...) and a
bus-specific identifier.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>media_version</structfield></entry>
<entry>Media API version, formatted with the
<constant>KERNEL_VERSION()</constant> macro.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>hw_revision</structfield></entry>
<entry>Hardware device revision in a driver-specific format.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>media_version</structfield></entry>
<entry>Media device driver version, formatted with the
<constant>KERNEL_VERSION()</constant> macro. Together with the
<structfield>driver</structfield> field this identifies a particular
driver.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[31]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Drivers and applications must
set this array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>The <structfield>serial</structfield> and <structfield>bus_info</structfield>
fields can be used to distinguish between multiple instances of otherwise
identical hardware. The serial number takes precedence when provided and can
be assumed to be unique. If the serial number is an empty string, the
<structfield>bus_info</structfield> field can be used instead. The
<structfield>bus_info</structfield> field is guaranteed to be unique, but
can vary across reboots or device unplug/replug.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Return value</title>
<para>This function doesn't return specific error codes.</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
<refentry id="media-ioc-enum-entities">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES</refname>
<refpurpose>Enumerate entities and their properties</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct media_entity_desc *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>File descriptor returned by
<link linkend='media-func-open'><function>open()</function></link>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>To query the attributes of an entity, applications set the id field
of a &media-entity-desc; structure and call the MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES
ioctl with a pointer to this structure. The driver fills the rest of the
structure or returns an &EINVAL; when the id is invalid.</para>
<para>Entities can be enumerated by or'ing the id with the
<constant>MEDIA_ENT_ID_FLAG_NEXT</constant> flag. The driver will return
information about the entity with the smallest id strictly larger than the
requested one ('next entity'), or the &EINVAL; if there is none.</para>
<para>Entity IDs can be non-contiguous. Applications must
<emphasis>not</emphasis> try to enumerate entities by calling
MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES with increasing id's until they get an error.</para>
<para>Two or more entities that share a common non-zero
<structfield>group_id</structfield> value are considered as logically
grouped. Groups are used to report
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>ALSA, VBI and video nodes that carry the same media
stream</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>lens and flash controllers associated with a sensor</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="media-entity-desc">
<title>struct <structname>media_entity_desc</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="5">
<colspec colname="c1" />
<colspec colname="c2" />
<colspec colname="c3" />
<colspec colname="c4" />
<colspec colname="c5" />
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>id</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity id, set by the application. When the id is or'ed with
<constant>MEDIA_ENT_ID_FLAG_NEXT</constant>, the driver clears the
flag and returns the first entity with a larger id.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>char</entry>
<entry><structfield>name</structfield>[32]</entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity name as an UTF-8 NULL-terminated string.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>type</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity type, see <xref linkend="media-entity-type" /> for details.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>revision</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity revision in a driver/hardware specific format.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity flags, see <xref linkend="media-entity-flag" /> for details.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>group_id</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Entity group ID</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u16</entry>
<entry><structfield>pads</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Number of pads</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u16</entry>
<entry><structfield>links</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Total number of outbound links. Inbound links are not counted
in this field.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>union</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>struct</entry>
<entry><structfield>v4l</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Valid for V4L sub-devices and nodes only.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>major</structfield></entry>
<entry>V4L device node major number. For V4L sub-devices with no
device node, set by the driver to 0.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>minor</structfield></entry>
<entry>V4L device node minor number. For V4L sub-devices with no
device node, set by the driver to 0.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>struct</entry>
<entry><structfield>fb</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Valid for frame buffer nodes only.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>major</structfield></entry>
<entry>Frame buffer device node major number.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>minor</structfield></entry>
<entry>Frame buffer device node minor number.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>struct</entry>
<entry><structfield>alsa</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>Valid for ALSA devices only.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>card</structfield></entry>
<entry>ALSA card number</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>device</structfield></entry>
<entry>ALSA device number</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>subdevice</structfield></entry>
<entry>ALSA sub-device number</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>int</entry>
<entry><structfield>dvb</structfield></entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry>DVB card number</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>__u8</entry>
<entry><structfield>raw</structfield>[180]</entry>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="media-entity-type">
<title>Media entity types</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_DEVNODE</constant></entry>
<entry>Unknown device node</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_DEVNODE_V4L</constant></entry>
<entry>V4L video, radio or vbi device node</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_DEVNODE_FB</constant></entry>
<entry>Frame buffer device node</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_DEVNODE_ALSA</constant></entry>
<entry>ALSA card</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_DEVNODE_DVB</constant></entry>
<entry>DVB card</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_V4L2_SUBDEV</constant></entry>
<entry>Unknown V4L sub-device</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_V4L2_SUBDEV_SENSOR</constant></entry>
<entry>Video sensor</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_V4L2_SUBDEV_FLASH</constant></entry>
<entry>Flash controller</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_T_V4L2_SUBDEV_LENS</constant></entry>
<entry>Lens controller</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="media-entity-flag">
<title>Media entity flags</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_ENT_FL_DEFAULT</constant></entry>
<entry>Default entity for its type. Used to discover the default
audio, VBI and video devices, the default camera sensor, ...</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &media-entity-desc; <structfield>id</structfield> references
a non-existing entity.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="media-ioc-enum-links">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS</refname>
<refpurpose>Enumerate all pads and links for a given entity</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct media_links_enum *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>File descriptor returned by
<link linkend='media-func-open'><function>open()</function></link>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>To enumerate pads and/or links for a given entity, applications set
the entity field of a &media-links-enum; structure and initialize the
&media-pad-desc; and &media-link-desc; structure arrays pointed by the
<structfield>pads</structfield> and <structfield>links</structfield> fields.
They then call the MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS ioctl with a pointer to this
structure.</para>
<para>If the <structfield>pads</structfield> field is not NULL, the driver
fills the <structfield>pads</structfield> array with information about the
entity's pads. The array must have enough room to store all the entity's
pads. The number of pads can be retrieved with the &MEDIA-IOC-ENUM-ENTITIES;
ioctl.</para>
<para>If the <structfield>links</structfield> field is not NULL, the driver
fills the <structfield>links</structfield> array with information about the
entity's outbound links. The array must have enough room to store all the
entity's outbound links. The number of outbound links can be retrieved with
the &MEDIA-IOC-ENUM-ENTITIES; ioctl.</para>
<para>Only forward links that originate at one of the entity's source pads
are returned during the enumeration process.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="media-links-enum">
<title>struct <structname>media_links_enum</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>entity</structfield></entry>
<entry>Entity id, set by the application.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>struct &media-pad-desc;</entry>
<entry>*<structfield>pads</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pointer to a pads array allocated by the application. Ignored
if NULL.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>struct &media-link-desc;</entry>
<entry>*<structfield>links</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pointer to a links array allocated by the application. Ignored
if NULL.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="media-pad-desc">
<title>struct <structname>media_pad_desc</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>entity</structfield></entry>
<entry>ID of the entity this pad belongs to.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u16</entry>
<entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
<entry>0-based pad index.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad flags, see <xref linkend="media-pad-flag" /> for more details.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="media-pad-flag">
<title>Media pad flags</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_PAD_FL_SINK</constant></entry>
<entry>Input pad, relative to the entity. Input pads sink data and
are targets of links.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_PAD_FL_SOURCE</constant></entry>
<entry>Output pad, relative to the entity. Output pads source data
and are origins of links.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="media-link-desc">
<title>struct <structname>media_links_desc</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>struct &media-pad-desc;</entry>
<entry><structfield>source</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad at the origin of this link.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>struct &media-pad-desc;</entry>
<entry><structfield>sink</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad at the target of this link.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>flags</structfield></entry>
<entry>Link flags, see <xref linkend="media-link-flag" /> for more details.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="media-link-flag">
<title>Media link flags</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="c1"/>
<colspec colname="c2"/>
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_LNK_FL_ENABLED</constant></entry>
<entry>The link is enabled and can be used to transfer media data.
When two or more links target a sink pad, only one of them can be
enabled at a time.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_LNK_FL_IMMUTABLE</constant></entry>
<entry>The link enabled state can't be modified at runtime. An
immutable link is always enabled.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>MEDIA_LNK_FL_DYNAMIC</constant></entry>
<entry>The link enabled state can be modified during streaming. This
flag is set by drivers and is read-only for applications.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>One and only one of <constant>MEDIA_PAD_FL_SINK</constant> and
<constant>MEDIA_PAD_FL_SOURCE</constant> must be set for every pad.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &media-links-enum; <structfield>id</structfield> references
a non-existing entity.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="media-ioc-setup-link">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK</refname>
<refpurpose>Modify the properties of a link</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct media_link_desc *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>File descriptor returned by
<link linkend='media-func-open'><function>open()</function></link>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>To change link properties applications fill a &media-link-desc; with
link identification information (source and sink pad) and the new requested
link flags. They then call the MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK ioctl with a pointer to
that structure.</para>
<para>The only configurable property is the <constant>ENABLED</constant>
link flag to enable/disable a link. Links marked with the
<constant>IMMUTABLE</constant> link flag can not be enabled or disabled.
</para>
<para>Link configuration has no side effect on other links. If an enabled
link at the sink pad prevents the link from being enabled, the driver
returns with an &EBUSY;.</para>
<para>Only links marked with the <constant>DYNAMIC</constant> link flag can
be enabled/disabled while streaming media data. Attempting to enable or
disable a streaming non-dynamic link will return an &EBUSY;.</para>
<para>If the specified link can't be found the driver returns with an
&EINVAL;.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The link properties can't be changed because the link is
currently busy. This can be caused, for instance, by an active media
stream (audio or video) on the link. The ioctl shouldn't be retried if
no other action is performed before to fix the problem.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &media-link-desc; references a non-existing link, or the
link is immutable and an attempt to modify its configuration was made.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12M">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M ('NV12M')</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname> <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</constant></refname>
<refpurpose>Variation of <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant> with planes
non contiguous in memory. </refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This is a multi-planar, two-plane version of the YUV 4:2:0 format.
The three components are separated into two sub-images or planes.
<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</constant> differs from <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12
</constant> in that the two planes are non-contiguous in memory, i.e. the chroma
plane do not necessarily immediately follows the luma plane.
The luminance data occupies the first plane. The Y plane has one byte per pixel.
In the second plane there is a chrominance data with alternating chroma samples.
The CbCr plane is the same width, in bytes, as the Y plane (and of the image),
but is half as tall in pixels. Each CbCr pair belongs to four pixels. For example,
Cb<subscript>0</subscript>/Cr<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to
Y'<subscript>00</subscript>, Y'<subscript>01</subscript>,
Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, Y'<subscript>11</subscript>. </para>
<para><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</constant> is intended to be
used only in drivers and applications that support the multi-planar API,
described in <xref linkend="planar-apis"/>. </para>
<para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the
CbCr plane has as many pad bytes after its rows.</para>
<example>
<title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</constant> 4 &times; 4 pixel image</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Byte Order.</title>
<para>Each cell is one byte.
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="5" align="center">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start1&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start1&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
<formalpara>
<title>Color Sample Location.</title>
<para>
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="7" align="center">
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>0</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>1</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>2</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>3</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
</example>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
<!--
Local Variables:
mode: sgml
sgml-parent-document: "pixfmt.sgml"
indent-tabs-mode: nil
End:
-->

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<refentry>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT ('TM12')</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12MT"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT
</constant></refname>
<refpurpose>Formats with &frac12; horizontal and vertical
chroma resolution. This format has two planes - one for luminance and one for
chrominance. Chroma samples are interleaved. The difference to
<constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12</constant> is the memory layout. Pixels are
grouped in macroblocks of 64x32 size. The order of macroblocks in memory is
also not standard.
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This is the two-plane versions of the YUV 4:2:0 format where data
is grouped into 64x32 macroblocks. The three components are separated into two
sub-images or planes. The Y plane has one byte per pixel and pixels are grouped
into 64x32 macroblocks. The CbCr plane has the same width, in bytes, as the Y
plane (and the image), but is half as tall in pixels. The chroma plane is also
grouped into 64x32 macroblocks.</para>
<para>Width of the buffer has to be aligned to the multiple of 128, and
height alignment is 32. Every four adjactent buffers - two horizontally and two
vertically are grouped together and are located in memory in Z or flipped Z
order. </para>
<para>Layout of macroblocks in memory is presented in the following
figure.</para>
<para><figure id="nv12mt">
<title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT</constant> macroblock Z shape
memory layout</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="nv12mt.gif" format="GIF" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
The requirement that width is multiple of 128 is implemented because,
the Z shape cannot be cut in half horizontally. In case the vertical resolution
of macroblocks is odd then the last row of macroblocks is arranged in a linear
order. </para>
<para>In case of chroma the layout is identical. Cb and Cr samples are
interleaved. Height of the buffer is aligned to 32.
</para>
<example>
<title>Memory layout of macroblocks in <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12
</constant> format pixel image - extreme case</title>
<para>
<figure id="nv12mt_ex">
<title>Example <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT</constant> memory
layout of macroblocks</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="nv12mt_example.gif" format="GIF" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
Memory layout of macroblocks of <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT
</constant> format in most extreme case.
</para>
</example>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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<refentry>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12 ('RG12'),
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12 ('BA12'),
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12 ('GB12'),
V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12 ('BG12'),
</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SRGGB12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12</constant></refname>
<refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGRBG12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12</constant></refname>
<refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12</constant></refname>
<refname id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR12"><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12</constant></refname>
<refpurpose>12-bit Bayer formats expanded to 16 bits</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>The following four pixel formats are raw sRGB / Bayer formats with
12 bits per colour. Each colour component is stored in a 16-bit word, with 6
unused high bits filled with zeros. Each n-pixel row contains n/2 green samples
and n/2 blue or red samples, with alternating red and blue rows. Bytes are
stored in memory in little endian order. They are conventionally described
as GRGR... BGBG..., RGRG... GBGB..., etc. Below is an example of one of these
formats</para>
<example>
<title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12</constant> 4 &times; 4
pixel image</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Byte Order.</title>
<para>Each cell is one byte, high 6 bits in high bytes are 0.
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="5" align="center">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>B<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
<entry>G<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
<entry>B<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
<entry>B<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
<entry>G<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
<entry>G<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
<entry>R<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
</example>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y12">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12 ('Y12 ')</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12</constant></refname>
<refpurpose>Grey-scale image</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This is a grey-scale image with a depth of 12 bits per pixel. Pixels
are stored in 16-bit words with unused high bits padded with 0. The least
significant byte is stored at lower memory addresses (little-endian).</para>
<example>
<title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12</constant> 4 &times; 4
pixel image</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Byte Order.</title>
<para>Each cell is one byte.
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="9" align="center">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>00low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>00high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>01low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>01high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>02low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>02high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>03low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>03high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>10low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>10high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>11low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>11high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>12low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>12high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>13low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>13high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;16:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>20low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>20high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>21low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>21high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>22low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>22high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>23low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>23high</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start&nbsp;+&nbsp;24:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>30low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>30high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>31low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>31high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>32low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>32high</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>33low</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>33high</subscript></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
</example>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420M">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M ('YU12M')</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname> <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M</constant></refname>
<refpurpose>Variation of <constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420</constant>
with planes non contiguous in memory. </refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This is a multi-planar format, as opposed to a packed format.
The three components are separated into three sub- images or planes.
The Y plane is first. The Y plane has one byte per pixel. The Cb data
constitutes the second plane which is half the width and half
the height of the Y plane (and of the image). Each Cb belongs to four
pixels, a two-by-two square of the image. For example,
Cb<subscript>0</subscript> belongs to Y'<subscript>00</subscript>,
Y'<subscript>01</subscript>, Y'<subscript>10</subscript>, and
Y'<subscript>11</subscript>. The Cr data, just like the Cb plane, is
in the third plane. </para>
<para>If the Y plane has pad bytes after each row, then the Cb
and Cr planes have half as many pad bytes after their rows. In other
words, two Cx rows (including padding) is exactly as long as one Y row
(including padding).</para>
<para><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</constant> is intended to be
used only in drivers and applications that support the multi-planar API,
described in <xref linkend="planar-apis"/>. </para>
<example>
<title><constant>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420M</constant> 4 &times; 4
pixel image</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Byte Order.</title>
<para>Each cell is one byte.
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="5" align="center">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="2*" />
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>02</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>03</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;4:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>12</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>13</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;8:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>20</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>21</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>22</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>23</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start0&nbsp;+&nbsp;12:</entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>30</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>31</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>32</subscript></entry>
<entry>Y'<subscript>33</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row><entry></entry></row>
<row>
<entry>start1&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start1&nbsp;+&nbsp;2:</entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cb<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row><entry></entry></row>
<row>
<entry>start2&nbsp;+&nbsp;0:</entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>00</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>01</subscript></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>start2&nbsp;+&nbsp;2:</entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>10</subscript></entry>
<entry>Cr<subscript>11</subscript></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
<formalpara>
<title>Color Sample Location.</title>
<para>
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="7" align="center">
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>0</entry><entry></entry><entry>1</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>2</entry><entry></entry><entry>3</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>0</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>1</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>2</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry>
<entry></entry><entry>C</entry><entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>3</entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry><entry></entry>
<entry>Y</entry><entry></entry><entry>Y</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</formalpara>
</example>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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@ -2,12 +2,16 @@
<para>The V4L2 API was primarily designed for devices exchanging
image data with applications. The
<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> structure defines the format
and layout of an image in memory. Image formats are negotiated with
the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. (The explanations here focus on video
<structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname> and <structname>v4l2_pix_format_mplane
</structname> structures define the format and layout of an image in memory.
The former is used with the single-planar API, while the latter is used with the
multi-planar version (see <xref linkend="planar-apis"/>). Image formats are
negotiated with the &VIDIOC-S-FMT; ioctl. (The explanations here focus on video
capturing and output, for overlay frame buffer formats see also
&VIDIOC-G-FBUF;.)</para>
<section>
<title>Single-planar format structure</title>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-pix-format">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_pix_format</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
@ -106,6 +110,98 @@ set this field to zero.</entry>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<title>Multi-planar format structures</title>
<para>The <structname>v4l2_plane_pix_format</structname> structures define
size and layout for each of the planes in a multi-planar format.
The <structname>v4l2_pix_format_mplane</structname> structure contains
information common to all planes (such as image width and height) and
an array of <structname>v4l2_plane_pix_format</structname> structures,
describing all planes of that format.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-plane-pix-format">
<title>struct <structname>vl42_plane_pix_format</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>sizeimage</structfield></entry>
<entry>Maximum size in bytes required for image data in this plane.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u16</entry>
<entry><structfield>bytesperline</structfield></entry>
<entry>Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in two adjacent
lines.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u16</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved[7]</structfield></entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Should be zeroed by the
application.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-pix-format-mplane">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_pix_format_mplane</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
<entry>Image width in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
<entry>Image height in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pixelformat</structfield></entry>
<entry>The pixel format. Both single- and multi-planar four character
codes can be used.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-field;</entry>
<entry><structfield>field</structfield></entry>
<entry>See &v4l2-pix-format;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-colorspace;</entry>
<entry><structfield>colorspace</structfield></entry>
<entry>See &v4l2-pix-format;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-plane-pix-format;</entry>
<entry><structfield>plane_fmt[VIDEO_MAX_PLANES]</structfield></entry>
<entry>An array of structures describing format of each plane this
pixel format consists of. The number of valid entries in this array
has to be put in the <structfield>num_planes</structfield>
field.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u8</entry>
<entry><structfield>num_planes</structfield></entry>
<entry>Number of planes (i.e. separate memory buffers) for this format
and the number of valid entries in the
<structfield>plane_fmt</structfield> array.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u8</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved[11]</structfield></entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Should be zeroed by the
application.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<title>Standard Image Formats</title>
@ -142,11 +238,19 @@ leftmost pixel of the second row from the top, and so on. The last row
has just as many pad bytes after it as the other rows.</para>
<para>In V4L2 each format has an identifier which looks like
<constant>PIX_FMT_XXX</constant>, defined in the <filename>videodev2.h</filename>
header file. These identifiers
represent <link linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character codes</link>
<constant>PIX_FMT_XXX</constant>, defined in the <link
linkend="videodev">videodev.h</link> header file. These identifiers
represent <link linkend="v4l2-fourcc">four character (FourCC) codes</link>
which are also listed below, however they are not the same as those
used in the Windows world.</para>
<para>For some formats, data is stored in separate, discontiguous
memory buffers. Those formats are identified by a separate set of FourCC codes
and are referred to as "multi-planar formats". For example, a YUV422 frame is
normally stored in one memory buffer, but it can also be placed in two or three
separate buffers, with Y component in one buffer and CbCr components in another
in the 2-planar version or with each component in its own buffer in the
3-planar case. Those sub-buffers are referred to as "planes".</para>
</section>
<section id="colorspaces">
@ -592,6 +696,7 @@ information.</para>
&sub-packed-yuv;
&sub-grey;
&sub-y10;
&sub-y12;
&sub-y16;
&sub-yuyv;
&sub-uyvy;
@ -599,10 +704,13 @@ information.</para>
&sub-vyuy;
&sub-y41p;
&sub-yuv420;
&sub-yuv420m;
&sub-yuv410;
&sub-yuv422p;
&sub-yuv411p;
&sub-nv12;
&sub-nv12m;
&sub-nv12mt;
&sub-nv16;
</section>

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<section id="planar-apis">
<title>Single- and multi-planar APIs</title>
<para>Some devices require data for each input or output video frame
to be placed in discontiguous memory buffers. In such cases, one
video frame has to be addressed using more than one memory address, i.e. one
pointer per "plane". A plane is a sub-buffer of the current frame. For
examples of such formats see <xref linkend="pixfmt" />.</para>
<para>Initially, V4L2 API did not support multi-planar buffers and a set of
extensions has been introduced to handle them. Those extensions constitute
what is being referred to as the "multi-planar API".</para>
<para>Some of the V4L2 API calls and structures are interpreted differently,
depending on whether single- or multi-planar API is being used. An application
can choose whether to use one or the other by passing a corresponding buffer
type to its ioctl calls. Multi-planar versions of buffer types are suffixed
with an `_MPLANE' string. For a list of available multi-planar buffer types
see &v4l2-buf-type;.
</para>
<section>
<title>Multi-planar formats</title>
<para>Multi-planar API introduces new multi-planar formats. Those formats
use a separate set of FourCC codes. It is important to distinguish between
the multi-planar API and a multi-planar format. Multi-planar API calls can
handle all single-planar formats as well (as long as they are passed in
multi-planar API structures), while the single-planar API cannot
handle multi-planar formats.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Calls that distinguish between single and multi-planar APIs</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>&VIDIOC-QUERYCAP;</term>
<listitem><para>Two additional multi-planar capabilities are added. They can
be set together with non-multi-planar ones for devices that handle
both single- and multi-planar formats.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>&VIDIOC-G-FMT;, &VIDIOC-S-FMT;, &VIDIOC-TRY-FMT;</term>
<listitem><para>New structures for describing multi-planar formats are added:
&v4l2-pix-format-mplane; and &v4l2-plane-pix-format;. Drivers may
define new multi-planar formats, which have distinct FourCC codes from
the existing single-planar ones.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>&VIDIOC-QBUF;, &VIDIOC-DQBUF;, &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF;</term>
<listitem><para>A new &v4l2-plane; structure for describing planes is added.
Arrays of this structure are passed in the new
<structfield>m.planes</structfield> field of &v4l2-buffer;.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>&VIDIOC-REQBUFS;</term>
<listitem><para>Will allocate multi-planar buffers as requested.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</section>
</section>

2
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/remote_controllers.xml
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@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ different IR's. Due to that, V4L2 API now specifies a standard for mapping Media
<row><entry><constant>KEY_LEFT</constant></entry><entry>Left key</entry><entry>LEFT</entry></row>
<row><entry><constant>KEY_RIGHT</constant></entry><entry>Right key</entry><entry>RIGHT</entry></row>
<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Miscelaneous keys</emphasis></entry></row>
<row><entry><emphasis role="bold">Miscellaneous keys</emphasis></entry></row>
<row><entry><constant>KEY_DOT</constant></entry><entry>Return a dot</entry><entry>.</entry></row>
<row><entry><constant>KEY_FN</constant></entry><entry>Select a function</entry><entry>FUNCTION</entry></row>

2526
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/subdev-formats.xml Normal file
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30
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/v4l2.xml
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@ -85,6 +85,17 @@ Remote Controller chapter.</contrib>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Pawel</firstname>
<surname>Osciak</surname>
<contrib>Designed and documented the multi-planar API.</contrib>
<affiliation>
<address>
<email>pawel AT osciak.com</email>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<copyright>
@ -102,7 +113,8 @@ Remote Controller chapter.</contrib>
<year>2010</year>
<year>2011</year>
<holder>Bill Dirks, Michael H. Schimek, Hans Verkuil, Martin
Rubli, Andy Walls, Muralidharan Karicheri, Mauro Carvalho Chehab</holder>
Rubli, Andy Walls, Muralidharan Karicheri, Mauro Carvalho Chehab,
Pawel Osciak</holder>
</copyright>
<legalnotice>
<para>Except when explicitly stated as GPL, programming examples within
@ -115,6 +127,13 @@ structs, ioctls) must be noted in more detail in the history chapter
(compat.xml), along with the possible impact on existing drivers and
applications. -->
<revision>
<revnumber>2.6.39</revnumber>
<date>2011-03-01</date>
<authorinitials>mcc, po</authorinitials>
<revremark>Removed VIDIOC_*_OLD from videodev2.h header and update it to reflect latest changes. Added the <link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link>.</revremark>
</revision>
<revision>
<revnumber>2.6.37</revnumber>
<date>2010-08-06</date>
@ -382,7 +401,7 @@ and discussions on the V4L mailing list.</revremark>
</partinfo>
<title>Video for Linux Two API Specification</title>
<subtitle>Revision 2.6.38</subtitle>
<subtitle>Revision 2.6.39</subtitle>
<chapter id="common">
&sub-common;
@ -411,6 +430,7 @@ and discussions on the V4L mailing list.</revremark>
<section id="radio"> &sub-dev-radio; </section>
<section id="rds"> &sub-dev-rds; </section>
<section id="event"> &sub-dev-event; </section>
<section id="subdev"> &sub-dev-subdev; </section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="driver">
@ -478,6 +498,12 @@ and discussions on the V4L mailing list.</revremark>
&sub-reqbufs;
&sub-s-hw-freq-seek;
&sub-streamon;
&sub-subdev-enum-frame-interval;
&sub-subdev-enum-frame-size;
&sub-subdev-enum-mbus-code;
&sub-subdev-g-crop;
&sub-subdev-g-fmt;
&sub-subdev-g-frame-interval;
&sub-subscribe-event;
<!-- End of ioctls. -->
&sub-mmap;

141
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@ -71,6 +71,7 @@
* Moved from videodev.h
*/
#define VIDEO_MAX_FRAME 32
#define VIDEO_MAX_PLANES 8
#ifndef __KERNEL__
@ -158,9 +159,23 @@ enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> {
/* Experimental */
V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY = 8,
#endif
V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE = 9,
V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE = 10,
V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE = 0x80,
};
#define V4L2_TYPE_IS_MULTIPLANAR(type) \
((type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE)
#define V4L2_TYPE_IS_OUTPUT(type) \
((type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT \
|| (type) == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT)
enum <link linkend="v4l2-tuner-type">v4l2_tuner_type</link> {
V4L2_TUNER_RADIO = 1,
V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV = 2,
@ -246,6 +261,11 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-capability">v4l2_capability</link> {
#define V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK 0x00000400 /* Can do hardware frequency seek */
#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT 0x00000800 /* Is an RDS encoder */
/* Is a video capture device that supports multiplanar formats */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE 0x00001000
/* Is a video output device that supports multiplanar formats */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE 0x00002000
#define V4L2_CAP_TUNER 0x00010000 /* has a tuner */
#define V4L2_CAP_AUDIO 0x00020000 /* has audio support */
#define V4L2_CAP_RADIO 0x00040000 /* is a radio device */
@ -320,6 +340,13 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link> {
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV16">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16</link> v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '1', '6') /* 16 Y/CbCr 4:2:2 */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV61">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61</link> v4l2_fourcc('N', 'V', '6', '1') /* 16 Y/CrCb 4:2:2 */
/* two non contiguous planes - one Y, one Cr + Cb interleaved */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12M">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M</link> v4l2_fourcc('N', 'M', '1', '2') /* 12 Y/CbCr 4:2:0 */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-NV12MT">V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT</link> v4l2_fourcc('T', 'M', '1', '2') /* 12 Y/CbCr 4:2:0 64x32 macroblocks */
/* three non contiguous planes - Y, Cb, Cr */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-YUV420M">V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M</link> v4l2_fourcc('Y', 'M', '1', '2') /* 12 YUV420 planar */
/* Bayer formats - see http://www.siliconimaging.com/RGB%20Bayer.htm */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8</link> v4l2_fourcc('B', 'A', '8', '1') /* 8 BGBG.. GRGR.. */
#define <link linkend="V4L2-PIX-FMT-SGBRG8">V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8</link> v4l2_fourcc('G', 'B', 'R', 'G') /* 8 GBGB.. RGRG.. */
@ -518,6 +545,62 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-requestbuffers">v4l2_requestbuffers</link> {
__u32 reserved[2];
};
/**
* struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane">v4l2_plane</link> - plane info for multi-planar buffers
* @bytesused: number of bytes occupied by data in the plane (payload)
* @length: size of this plane (NOT the payload) in bytes
* @mem_offset: when memory in the associated struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> is
* V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP, equals the offset from the start of
* the device memory for this plane (or is a "cookie" that
* should be passed to mmap() called on the video node)
* @userptr: when memory is V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR, a userspace pointer
* pointing to this plane
* @data_offset: offset in the plane to the start of data; usually 0,
* unless there is a header in front of the data
*
* Multi-planar buffers consist of one or more planes, e.g. an YCbCr buffer
* with two planes can have one plane for Y, and another for interleaved CbCr
* components. Each plane can reside in a separate memory buffer, or even in
* a completely separate memory node (e.g. in embedded devices).
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane">v4l2_plane</link> {
__u32 bytesused;
__u32 length;
union {
__u32 mem_offset;
unsigned long userptr;
} m;
__u32 data_offset;
__u32 reserved[11];
};
/**
* struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> - video buffer info
* @index: id number of the buffer
* @type: buffer type (type == *_MPLANE for multiplanar buffers)
* @bytesused: number of bytes occupied by data in the buffer (payload);
* unused (set to 0) for multiplanar buffers
* @flags: buffer informational flags
* @field: field order of the image in the buffer
* @timestamp: frame timestamp
* @timecode: frame timecode
* @sequence: sequence count of this frame
* @memory: the method, in which the actual video data is passed
* @offset: for non-multiplanar buffers with memory == V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
* offset from the start of the device memory for this plane,
* (or a "cookie" that should be passed to mmap() as offset)
* @userptr: for non-multiplanar buffers with memory == V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR;
* a userspace pointer pointing to this buffer
* @planes: for multiplanar buffers; userspace pointer to the array of plane
* info structs for this buffer
* @length: size in bytes of the buffer (NOT its payload) for single-plane
* buffers (when type != *_MPLANE); number of elements in the
* planes array for multi-plane buffers
* @input: input number from which the video data has has been captured
*
* Contains data exchanged by application and driver using one of the Streaming
* I/O methods.
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> {
__u32 index;
enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
@ -533,6 +616,7 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-buffer">v4l2_buffer</link> {
union {
__u32 offset;
unsigned long userptr;
struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane">v4l2_plane</link> *planes;
} m;
__u32 length;
__u32 input;
@ -1623,12 +1707,56 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-mpeg-vbi-fmt-ivtv">v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv</link> {
* A G G R E G A T E S T R U C T U R E S
*/
/* Stream data format
/**
* struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane-pix-format">v4l2_plane_pix_format</link> - additional, per-plane format definition
* @sizeimage: maximum size in bytes required for data, for which
* this plane will be used
* @bytesperline: distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in two
* adjacent lines
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane-pix-format">v4l2_plane_pix_format</link> {
__u32 sizeimage;
__u16 bytesperline;
__u16 reserved[7];
} __attribute__ ((packed));
/**
* struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format-mplane">v4l2_pix_format_mplane</link> - multiplanar format definition
* @width: image width in pixels
* @height: image height in pixels
* @pixelformat: little endian four character code (fourcc)
* @field: field order (for interlaced video)
* @colorspace: supplemental to pixelformat
* @plane_fmt: per-plane information
* @num_planes: number of planes for this format
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format-mplane">v4l2_pix_format_mplane</link> {
__u32 width;
__u32 height;
__u32 pixelformat;
enum <link linkend="v4l2-field">v4l2_field</link> field;
enum <link linkend="v4l2-colorspace">v4l2_colorspace</link> colorspace;
struct <link linkend="v4l2-plane-pix-format">v4l2_plane_pix_format</link> plane_fmt[VIDEO_MAX_PLANES];
__u8 num_planes;
__u8 reserved[11];
} __attribute__ ((packed));
/**
* struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> - stream data format
* @type: type of the data stream
* @pix: definition of an image format
* @pix_mp: definition of a multiplanar image format
* @win: definition of an overlaid image
* @vbi: raw VBI capture or output parameters
* @sliced: sliced VBI capture or output parameters
* @raw_data: placeholder for future extensions and custom formats
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> {
enum <link linkend="v4l2-buf-type">v4l2_buf_type</link> type;
union {
struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format">v4l2_pix_format</link> pix; /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE */
struct <link linkend="v4l2-pix-format-mplane">v4l2_pix_format_mplane</link> pix_mp; /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE */
struct <link linkend="v4l2-window">v4l2_window</link> win; /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY */
struct <link linkend="v4l2-vbi-format">v4l2_vbi_format</link> vbi; /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE */
struct <link linkend="v4l2-sliced-vbi-format">v4l2_sliced_vbi_format</link> sliced; /* V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE */
@ -1636,7 +1764,6 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-format">v4l2_format</link> {
} fmt;
};
/* Stream type-dependent parameters
*/
struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link> {
@ -1809,16 +1936,6 @@ struct <link linkend="v4l2-dbg-chip-ident">v4l2_dbg_chip_ident</link> {
/* Reminder: when adding new ioctls please add support for them to
drivers/media/video/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c as well! */
#ifdef __OLD_VIDIOC_
/* for compatibility, will go away some day */
#define VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD _IOWR('V', 14, int)
#define VIDIOC_S_PARM_OLD _IOW('V', 22, struct <link linkend="v4l2-streamparm">v4l2_streamparm</link>)
#define VIDIOC_S_CTRL_OLD _IOW('V', 28, struct <link linkend="v4l2-control">v4l2_control</link>)
#define VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD _IOWR('V', 33, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audio">v4l2_audio</link>)
#define VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT_OLD _IOWR('V', 49, struct <link linkend="v4l2-audioout">v4l2_audioout</link>)
#define VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD _IOR('V', 58, struct <link linkend="v4l2-cropcap">v4l2_cropcap</link>)
#endif
#define BASE_VIDIOC_PRIVATE 192 /* 192-255 are private */
#endif /* __LINUX_VIDEODEV2_H */

2
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-enum-fmt.xml
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@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ pixelformat</structfield> field.</entry>
<entry>Type of the data stream, set by the application.
Only these types are valid here:
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>,
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant>,
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant>,
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant>, and custom (driver
defined) types with code <constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE</constant>
and higher.</entry>

15
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-g-fmt.xml
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@ -60,11 +60,13 @@ application.</para>
<structfield>type</structfield> field of a struct
<structname>v4l2_format</structname> to the respective buffer (stream)
type. For example video capture devices use
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant>. When the application
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant>. When the application
calls the <constant>VIDIOC_G_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to
this structure the driver fills the respective member of the
<structfield>fmt</structfield> union. In case of video capture devices
that is the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> member.
that is either the &v4l2-pix-format; <structfield>pix</structfield> or
the &v4l2-pix-format-mplane; <structfield>pix_mp</structfield> member.
When the requested buffer type is not supported drivers return an
&EINVAL;.</para>
@ -131,6 +133,15 @@ this ioctl.</para>
<entry>Definition of an image format, see <xref
linkend="pixfmt" />, used by video capture and output
devices.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>
<entry>&v4l2-pix-format-mplane;</entry>
<entry><structfield>pix_mp</structfield></entry>
<entry>Definition of an image format, see <xref
linkend="pixfmt" />, used by video capture and output
devices that support the <link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar
version of the API</link>.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry></entry>

24
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-qbuf.xml
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@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ zero to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
contents of the struct <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> returned
by a &VIDIOC-QUERYBUF; ioctl will do as well. When the buffer is
intended for output (<structfield>type</structfield> is
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant> or
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant>,
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant>, or
<constant>V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT</constant>) applications must also
initialize the <structfield>bytesused</structfield>,
<structfield>field</structfield> and
@ -75,7 +76,11 @@ supports capturing from specific video inputs and you want to specify a video
input, then <structfield>flags</structfield> should be set to
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT</constant> and the field
<structfield>input</structfield> must be initialized to the desired input.
The <structfield>reserved</structfield> field must be set to 0.
The <structfield>reserved</structfield> field must be set to 0. When using
the <link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link>, the
<structfield>m.planes</structfield> field must contain a userspace pointer
to a filled-in array of &v4l2-plane; and the <structfield>length</structfield>
field must be set to the number of elements in that array.
</para>
<para>To enqueue a <link linkend="mmap">memory mapped</link>
@ -93,10 +98,13 @@ structure the driver sets the
buffer applications set the <structfield>memory</structfield>
field to <constant>V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR</constant>, the
<structfield>m.userptr</structfield> field to the address of the
buffer and <structfield>length</structfield> to its size.
When <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with a pointer to this
structure the driver sets the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant>
flag and clears the <constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
buffer and <structfield>length</structfield> to its size. When the multi-planar
API is used, <structfield>m.userptr</structfield> and
<structfield>length</structfield> members of the passed array of &v4l2-plane;
have to be used instead. When <constant>VIDIOC_QBUF</constant> is called with
a pointer to this structure the driver sets the
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> flag and clears the
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED</constant> and
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags in the
<structfield>flags</structfield> field, or it returns an error code.
This ioctl locks the memory pages of the buffer in physical memory,
@ -115,7 +123,9 @@ remaining fields or returns an error code. The driver may also set
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_ERROR</constant> in the <structfield>flags</structfield>
field. It indicates a non-critical (recoverable) streaming error. In such case
the application may continue as normal, but should be aware that data in the
dequeued buffer might be corrupted.</para>
dequeued buffer might be corrupted. When using the multi-planar API, the
planes array does not have to be passed; the <structfield>m.planes</structfield>
member must be set to NULL in that case.</para>
<para>By default <constant>VIDIOC_DQBUF</constant> blocks when no
buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the

14
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querybuf.xml
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@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ buffer at any time after buffers have been allocated with the
to the number of buffers allocated with &VIDIOC-REQBUFS;
(&v4l2-requestbuffers; <structfield>count</structfield>) minus one.
The <structfield>reserved</structfield> field should to set to 0.
When using the <link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link>, the
<structfield>m.planes</structfield> field must contain a userspace pointer to an
array of &v4l2-plane; and the <structfield>length</structfield> field has
to be set to the number of elements in that array.
After calling <constant>VIDIOC_QUERYBUF</constant> with a pointer to
this structure drivers return an error code or fill the rest of
the structure.</para>
@ -70,11 +74,13 @@ the structure.</para>
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED</constant> and
<constant>V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE</constant> flags will be valid. The
<structfield>memory</structfield> field will be set to the current
I/O method, the <structfield>m.offset</structfield>
I/O method. For the single-planar API, the <structfield>m.offset</structfield>
contains the offset of the buffer from the start of the device memory,
the <structfield>length</structfield> field its size. The driver may
or may not set the remaining fields and flags, they are meaningless in
this context.</para>
the <structfield>length</structfield> field its size. For the multi-planar API,
fields <structfield>m.mem_offset</structfield> and
<structfield>length</structfield> in the <structfield>m.planes</structfield>
array elements will be used instead. The driver may or may not set the remaining
fields and flags, they are meaningless in this context.</para>
<para>The <structname>v4l2_buffer</structname> structure is
specified in <xref linkend="buffer" />.</para>

18
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-querycap.xml
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@ -142,15 +142,29 @@ this array to zero.</entry>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE</constant></entry>
<entry>0x00000001</entry>
<entry>The device supports the <link
<entry>The device supports the single-planar API through the <link
linkend="capture">Video Capture</link> interface.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE</constant></entry>
<entry>0x00001000</entry>
<entry>The device supports the
<link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link> through the
<link linkend="capture">Video Capture</link> interface.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT</constant></entry>
<entry>0x00000002</entry>
<entry>The device supports the <link
<entry>The device supports the single-planar API through the <link
linkend="output">Video Output</link> interface.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE</constant></entry>
<entry>0x00002000</entry>
<entry>The device supports the
<link linkend="planar-apis">multi-planar API</link> through the
<link linkend="output">Video Output</link> interface.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><constant>V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY</constant></entry>
<entry>0x00000004</entry>

9
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-streamon.xml
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@ -93,6 +93,15 @@ synchronize with other events.</para>
been allocated (memory mapping) or enqueued (output) yet.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EPIPE</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The driver implements <link
linkend="pad-level-formats">pad-level format configuration</link> and
the pipeline configuration is invalid.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-enum-frame-interval">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL</refname>
<refpurpose>Enumerate frame intervals</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum *
<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>This ioctl lets applications enumerate available frame intervals on a
given sub-device pad. Frame intervals only makes sense for sub-devices that
can control the frame period on their own. This includes, for instance,
image sensors and TV tuners.</para>
<para>For the common use case of image sensors, the frame intervals
available on the sub-device output pad depend on the frame format and size
on the same pad. Applications must thus specify the desired format and size
when enumerating frame intervals.</para>
<para>To enumerate frame intervals applications initialize the
<structfield>index</structfield>, <structfield>pad</structfield>,
<structfield>code</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield> and
<structfield>height</structfield> fields of
&v4l2-subdev-frame-interval-enum; and call the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant> ioctl with a pointer
to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return
an &EINVAL; if one of the input fields is invalid. All frame intervals are
enumerable by beginning at index zero and incrementing by one until
<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> is returned.</para>
<para>Available frame intervals may depend on the current 'try' formats
at other pads of the sub-device, as well as on the current active links. See
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; for more information about the try formats.</para>
<para>Sub-devices that support the frame interval enumeration ioctl should
implemented it on a single pad only. Its behaviour when supported on
multiple pads of the same sub-device is not defined.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-frame-interval-enum">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
<entry>Number of the format in the enumeration, set by the
application.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media controller API.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>code</structfield></entry>
<entry>The media bus format code, as defined in
<xref linkend="v4l2-mbus-format" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>width</structfield></entry>
<entry>Frame width, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>height</structfield></entry>
<entry>Frame height, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
<entry><structfield>interval</structfield></entry>
<entry>Period, in seconds, between consecutive video frames.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[9]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-frame-interval-enum;
<structfield>pad</structfield> references a non-existing pad, one of
the <structfield>code</structfield>, <structfield>width</structfield>
or <structfield>height</structfield> fields are invalid for the given
pad or the <structfield>index</structfield> field is out of bounds.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-enum-frame-size">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE</refname>
<refpurpose>Enumerate media bus frame sizes</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum *
<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>This ioctl allows applications to enumerate all frame sizes
supported by a sub-device on the given pad for the given media bus format.
Supported formats can be retrieved with the &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-ENUM-MBUS-CODE;
ioctl.</para>
<para>To enumerate frame sizes applications initialize the
<structfield>pad</structfield>, <structfield>code</structfield> and
<structfield>index</structfield> fields of the
&v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum; and call the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE</constant> ioctl with a pointer to
the structure. Drivers fill the minimum and maximum frame sizes or return
an &EINVAL; if one of the input parameters is invalid.</para>
<para>Sub-devices that only support discrete frame sizes (such as most
sensors) will return one or more frame sizes with identical minimum and
maximum values.</para>
<para>Not all possible sizes in given [minimum, maximum] ranges need to be
supported. For instance, a scaler that uses a fixed-point scaling ratio
might not be able to produce every frame size between the minimum and
maximum values. Applications must use the &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-S-FMT; ioctl to
try the sub-device for an exact supported frame size.</para>
<para>Available frame sizes may depend on the current 'try' formats at other
pads of the sub-device, as well as on the current active links and the
current values of V4L2 controls. See &VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; for more
information about try formats.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-frame-size-enum">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
<entry>Number of the format in the enumeration, set by the
application.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media controller API.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>code</structfield></entry>
<entry>The media bus format code, as defined in
<xref linkend="v4l2-mbus-format" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>min_width</structfield></entry>
<entry>Minimum frame width, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>max_width</structfield></entry>
<entry>Maximum frame width, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>min_height</structfield></entry>
<entry>Minimum frame height, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>max_height</structfield></entry>
<entry>Maximum frame height, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[9]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-frame-size-enum; <structfield>pad</structfield>
references a non-existing pad, the <structfield>code</structfield> is
invalid for the given pad or the <structfield>index</structfield>
field is out of bounds.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-enum-mbus-code">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE</refname>
<refpurpose>Enumerate media bus formats</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum *
<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>To enumerate media bus formats available at a given sub-device pad
applications initialize the <structfield>pad</structfield> and
<structfield>index</structfield> fields of &v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum; and
call the <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE</constant> ioctl with a
pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure or return
an &EINVAL; if either the <structfield>pad</structfield> or
<structfield>index</structfield> are invalid. All media bus formats are
enumerable by beginning at index zero and incrementing by one until
<errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode> is returned.</para>
<para>Available media bus formats may depend on the current 'try' formats
at other pads of the sub-device, as well as on the current active links. See
&VIDIOC-SUBDEV-G-FMT; for more information about the try formats.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media controller API.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>index</structfield></entry>
<entry>Number of the format in the enumeration, set by the
application.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>code</structfield></entry>
<entry>The media bus format code, as defined in
<xref linkend="v4l2-mbus-format" />.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[9]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-mbus-code-enum; <structfield>pad</structfield>
references a non-existing pad, or the <structfield>index</structfield>
field is out of bounds.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-g-crop">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP</refname>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</refname>
<refpurpose>Get or set the crop rectangle on a subdev pad</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>const struct v4l2_subdev_crop *<parameter>argp</parameter></paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>To retrieve the current crop rectangle applications set the
<structfield>pad</structfield> field of a &v4l2-subdev-crop; to the
desired pad number as reported by the media API and the
<structfield>which</structfield> field to
<constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE</constant>. They then call the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
structure. The driver fills the members of the <structfield>rect</structfield>
field or returns &EINVAL; if the input arguments are invalid, or if cropping
is not supported on the given pad.</para>
<para>To change the current crop rectangle applications set both the
<structfield>pad</structfield> and <structfield>which</structfield> fields
and all members of the <structfield>rect</structfield> field. They then call
the <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
structure. The driver verifies the requested crop rectangle, adjusts it
based on the hardware capabilities and configures the device. Upon return
the &v4l2-subdev-crop; contains the current format as would be returned
by a <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP</constant> call.</para>
<para>Applications can query the device capabilities by setting the
<structfield>which</structfield> to
<constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY</constant>. When set, 'try' crop
rectangles are not applied to the device by the driver, but are mangled
exactly as active crop rectangles and stored in the sub-device file handle.
Two applications querying the same sub-device would thus not interact with
each other.</para>
<para>Drivers must not return an error solely because the requested crop
rectangle doesn't match the device capabilities. They must instead modify
the rectangle to match what the hardware can provide. The modified format
should be as close as possible to the original request.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-crop">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_crop</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media framework.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>which</structfield></entry>
<entry>Crop rectangle to get or set, from
&v4l2-subdev-format-whence;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-rect;</entry>
<entry><structfield>rect</structfield></entry>
<entry>Crop rectangle boundaries, in pixels.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The crop rectangle can't be changed because the pad is currently
busy. This can be caused, for instance, by an active video stream on
the pad. The ioctl must not be retried without performing another
action to fix the problem first. Only returned by
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP</constant></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-crop; <structfield>pad</structfield>
references a non-existing pad, the <structfield>which</structfield>
field references a non-existing format, or cropping is not supported
on the given subdev pad.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

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<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-g-fmt">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT</refname>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</refname>
<refpurpose>Get or set the data format on a subdev pad</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_format *<parameter>argp</parameter>
</paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>These ioctls are used to negotiate the frame format at specific
subdev pads in the image pipeline.</para>
<para>To retrieve the current format applications set the
<structfield>pad</structfield> field of a &v4l2-subdev-format; to the
desired pad number as reported by the media API and the
<structfield>which</structfield> field to
<constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE</constant>. When they call the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
structure the driver fills the members of the <structfield>format</structfield>
field.</para>
<para>To change the current format applications set both the
<structfield>pad</structfield> and <structfield>which</structfield> fields
and all members of the <structfield>format</structfield> field. When they
call the <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</constant> ioctl with a pointer to this
structure the driver verifies the requested format, adjusts it based on the
hardware capabilities and configures the device. Upon return the
&v4l2-subdev-format; contains the current format as would be returned by a
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT</constant> call.</para>
<para>Applications can query the device capabilities by setting the
<structfield>which</structfield> to
<constant>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY</constant>. When set, 'try' formats are not
applied to the device by the driver, but are changed exactly as active
formats and stored in the sub-device file handle. Two applications querying
the same sub-device would thus not interact with each other.</para>
<para>For instance, to try a format at the output pad of a sub-device,
applications would first set the try format at the sub-device input with the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</constant> ioctl. They would then either
retrieve the default format at the output pad with the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FMT</constant> ioctl, or set the desired output
pad format with the <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</constant> ioctl and check
the returned value.</para>
<para>Try formats do not depend on active formats, but can depend on the
current links configuration or sub-device controls value. For instance, a
low-pass noise filter might crop pixels at the frame boundaries, modifying
its output frame size.</para>
<para>Drivers must not return an error solely because the requested format
doesn't match the device capabilities. They must instead modify the format
to match what the hardware can provide. The modified format should be as
close as possible to the original request.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-format">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_format</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media controller API.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>which</structfield></entry>
<entry>Format to modified, from &v4l2-subdev-format-whence;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-mbus-framefmt;</entry>
<entry><structfield>format</structfield></entry>
<entry>Definition of an image format, see <xref
linkend="v4l2-mbus-framefmt" /> for details.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[8]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-format-whence">
<title>enum <structname>v4l2_subdev_format_whence</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-def;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY</entry>
<entry>0</entry>
<entry>Try formats, used for querying device capabilities.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE</entry>
<entry>1</entry>
<entry>Active formats, applied to the hardware.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The format can't be changed because the pad is currently busy.
This can be caused, for instance, by an active video stream on the
pad. The ioctl must not be retried without performing another action
to fix the problem first. Only returned by
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FMT</constant></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-format; <structfield>pad</structfield>
references a non-existing pad, or the <structfield>which</structfield>
field references a non-existing format.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

141
Documentation/DocBook/v4l/vidioc-subdev-g-frame-interval.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
<refentry id="vidioc-subdev-g-frame-interval">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>ioctl VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</refentrytitle>
&manvol;
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL</refname>
<refname>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</refname>
<refpurpose>Get or set the frame interval on a subdev pad</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<funcsynopsis>
<funcprototype>
<funcdef>int <function>ioctl</function></funcdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>int <parameter>request</parameter></paramdef>
<paramdef>struct v4l2_subdev_frame_interval *<parameter>argp</parameter>
</paramdef>
</funcprototype>
</funcsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Arguments</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>&fd;</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>request</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>argp</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<note>
<title>Experimental</title>
<para>This is an <link linkend="experimental">experimental</link>
interface and may change in the future.</para>
</note>
<para>These ioctls are used to get and set the frame interval at specific
subdev pads in the image pipeline. The frame interval only makes sense for
sub-devices that can control the frame period on their own. This includes,
for instance, image sensors and TV tuners. Sub-devices that don't support
frame intervals must not implement these ioctls.</para>
<para>To retrieve the current frame interval applications set the
<structfield>pad</structfield> field of a &v4l2-subdev-frame-interval; to
the desired pad number as reported by the media controller API. When they
call the <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant> ioctl with a
pointer to this structure the driver fills the members of the
<structfield>interval</structfield> field.</para>
<para>To change the current frame interval applications set both the
<structfield>pad</structfield> field and all members of the
<structfield>interval</structfield> field. When they call the
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant> ioctl with a pointer to
this structure the driver verifies the requested interval, adjusts it based
on the hardware capabilities and configures the device. Upon return the
&v4l2-subdev-frame-interval; contains the current frame interval as would be
returned by a <constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant> call.
</para>
<para>Drivers must not return an error solely because the requested interval
doesn't match the device capabilities. They must instead modify the interval
to match what the hardware can provide. The modified interval should be as
close as possible to the original request.</para>
<para>Sub-devices that support the frame interval ioctls should implement
them on a single pad only. Their behaviour when supported on multiple pads
of the same sub-device is not defined.</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none" id="v4l2-subdev-frame-interval">
<title>struct <structname>v4l2_subdev_frame_interval</structname></title>
<tgroup cols="3">
&cs-str;
<tbody valign="top">
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>pad</structfield></entry>
<entry>Pad number as reported by the media controller API.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&v4l2-fract;</entry>
<entry><structfield>interval</structfield></entry>
<entry>Period, in seconds, between consecutive video frames.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>__u32</entry>
<entry><structfield>reserved</structfield>[9]</entry>
<entry>Reserved for future extensions. Applications and drivers must
set the array to zero.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
&return-value;
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EBUSY</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The frame interval can't be changed because the pad is currently
busy. This can be caused, for instance, by an active video stream on
the pad. The ioctl must not be retried without performing another
action to fix the problem first. Only returned by
<constant>VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL</constant></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><errorcode>EINVAL</errorcode></term>
<listitem>
<para>The &v4l2-subdev-frame-interval; <structfield>pad</structfield>
references a non-existing pad, or the pad doesn't support frame
intervals.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>

2
Documentation/DocBook/writing-an-alsa-driver.tmpl
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@ -4784,7 +4784,7 @@ struct _snd_pcm_runtime {
FM registers can be directly accessed through the direct-FM API,
defined in <filename>&lt;sound/asound_fm.h&gt;</filename>. In
ALSA native mode, FM registers are accessed through
the Hardware-Dependant Device direct-FM extension API, whereas in
the Hardware-Dependent Device direct-FM extension API, whereas in
OSS compatible mode, FM registers can be accessed with the OSS
direct-FM compatible API in <filename>/dev/dmfmX</filename> device.
</para>

4
Documentation/PCI/MSI-HOWTO.txt
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@ -253,8 +253,8 @@ In constrast, MSI is restricted to a maximum of 32 interrupts (and
must be a power of two). In addition, the MSI interrupt vectors must
be allocated consecutively, so the system may not be able to allocate
as many vectors for MSI as it could for MSI-X. On some platforms, MSI
interrupts must all be targetted at the same set of CPUs whereas MSI-X
interrupts can all be targetted at different CPUs.
interrupts must all be targeted at the same set of CPUs whereas MSI-X
interrupts can all be targeted at different CPUs.
4.5.2 Spinlocks

2
Documentation/SecurityBugs
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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ expect these delays to be short, measurable in days, not weeks or months.
A disclosure date is negotiated by the security team working with the
bug submitter as well as vendors. However, the kernel security team
holds the final say when setting a disclosure date. The timeframe for
disclosure is from immediate (esp. if it's already publically known)
disclosure is from immediate (esp. if it's already publicly known)
to a few weeks. As a basic default policy, we expect report date to
disclosure date to be on the order of 7 days.

2
Documentation/SubmittingDrivers
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@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ PM support: Since Linux is used on many portable and desktop systems, your
complete overview of the power management issues related to
drivers see Documentation/power/devices.txt .
Control: In general if there is active maintainance of a driver by
Control: In general if there is active maintenance of a driver by
the author then patches will be redirected to them unless
they are totally obvious and without need of checking.
If you want to be the contact and update point for the

2
Documentation/SubmittingPatches
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@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ Linus Torvalds's mail on the canonical patch format:
<http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/4/7/183>
Andi Kleen, "On submitting kernel patches"
Some strategies to get difficult or controversal changes in.
Some strategies to get difficult or controversial changes in.
http://halobates.de/on-submitting-patches.pdf
--

25
Documentation/acpi/apei/output_format.txt
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@ -92,6 +92,11 @@ vendor_id: <integer>, device_id: <integer>
class_code: <integer>]
[serial number: <integer>, <integer>]
[bridge: secondary_status: <integer>, control: <integer>]
[aer_status: <integer>, aer_mask: <integer>
<aer status string>
[aer_uncor_severity: <integer>]
aer_layer=<aer layer string>, aer_agent=<aer agent string>
aer_tlp_header: <integer> <integer> <integer> <integer>]
<pcie port type string>* := PCIe end point | legacy PCI end point | \
unknown | unknown | root port | upstream switch port | \
@ -99,6 +104,26 @@ downstream switch port | PCIe to PCI/PCI-X bridge | \
PCI/PCI-X to PCIe bridge | root complex integrated endpoint device | \
root complex event collector
if section severity is fatal or recoverable
<aer status string># :=
unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | Data Link Protocol | \
unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | \
Poisoned TLP | Flow Control Protocol | Completion Timeout | \
Completer Abort | Unexpected Completion | Receiver Overflow | \
Malformed TLP | ECRC | Unsupported Request
else
<aer status string># :=
Receiver Error | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | unknown | \
Bad TLP | Bad DLLP | RELAY_NUM Rollover | unknown | unknown | unknown | \
Replay Timer Timeout | Advisory Non-Fatal
fi
<aer layer string> :=
Physical Layer | Data Link Layer | Transaction Layer
<aer agent string> :=
Receiver ID | Requester ID | Completer ID | Transmitter ID
Where, [] designate corresponding content is optional
All <field string> description with * has the following format:

4
Documentation/arm/IXP4xx
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@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Linux currently supports the following features on the IXP4xx chips:
- Timers (watchdog, OS)
The following components of the chips are not supported by Linux and
require the use of Intel's propietary CSR softare:
require the use of Intel's proprietary CSR softare:
- USB device interface
- Network interfaces (HSS, Utopia, NPEs, etc)
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ software from:
http://developer.intel.com/design/network/products/npfamily/ixp425.htm
DO NOT POST QUESTIONS TO THE LINUX MAILING LISTS REGARDING THE PROPIETARY
DO NOT POST QUESTIONS TO THE LINUX MAILING LISTS REGARDING THE PROPRIETARY
SOFTWARE.
There are several websites that provide directions/pointers on using

2
Documentation/arm/Samsung-S3C24XX/Suspend.txt
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@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Configuration
Allows the entire memory to be checksummed before and after the
suspend to see if there has been any corruption of the contents.
Note, the time to calculate the CRC is dependant on the CPU speed
Note, the time to calculate the CRC is dependent on the CPU speed
and the size of memory. For an 64Mbyte RAM area on an 200MHz
S3C2410, this can take approximately 4 seconds to complete.

2
Documentation/arm/Samsung/GPIO.txt
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Introduction
------------
This outlines the Samsung GPIO implementation and the architecture
specfic calls provided alongisde the drivers/gpio core.
specific calls provided alongisde the drivers/gpio core.
S3C24XX (Legacy)

9
Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
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@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ The scatter gather list is in the form of an array of <page, offset, len>
entries with their corresponding dma address mappings filled in at the
appropriate time. As an optimization, contiguous physical pages can be
covered by a single entry where <page> refers to the first page and <len>
covers the range of pages (upto 16 contiguous pages could be covered this
covers the range of pages (up to 16 contiguous pages could be covered this
way). There is a helper routine (blk_rq_map_sg) which drivers can use to build
the sg list.
@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ struct request {
.
int tag; /* command tag associated with request */
void *special; /* same as before */
char *buffer; /* valid only for low memory buffers upto
char *buffer; /* valid only for low memory buffers up to
current_nr_sectors */
.
.
@ -963,11 +963,6 @@ elevator_dispatch_fn* fills the dispatch queue with ready requests.
elevator_add_req_fn* called to add a new request into the scheduler
elevator_queue_empty_fn returns true if the merge queue is empty.
Drivers shouldn't use this, but rather check
if elv_next_request is NULL (without losing the
request if one exists!)
elevator_former_req_fn
elevator_latter_req_fn These return the request before or after the
one specified in disk sort order. Used by the

30
Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt
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@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ Proportional weight policy files
- Specifies per cgroup weight. This is default weight of the group
on all the devices until and unless overridden by per device rule.
(See blkio.weight_device).
Currently allowed range of weights is from 100 to 1000.
Currently allowed range of weights is from 10 to 1000.
- blkio.weight_device
- One can specify per cgroup per device rules using this interface.
@ -343,34 +343,6 @@ Common files among various policies
CFQ sysfs tunable
=================
/sys/block/<disk>/queue/iosched/group_isolation
-----------------------------------------------
If group_isolation=1, it provides stronger isolation between groups at the
expense of throughput. By default group_isolation is 0. In general that
means that if group_isolation=0, expect fairness for sequential workload
only. Set group_isolation=1 to see fairness for random IO workload also.
Generally CFQ will put random seeky workload in sync-noidle category. CFQ
will disable idling on these queues and it does a collective idling on group
of such queues. Generally these are slow moving queues and if there is a
sync-noidle service tree in each group, that group gets exclusive access to
disk for certain period. That means it will bring the throughput down if
group does not have enough IO to drive deeper queue depths and utilize disk
capacity to the fullest in the slice allocated to it. But the flip side is
that even a random reader should get better latencies and overall throughput
if there are lots of sequential readers/sync-idle workload running in the
system.
If group_isolation=0, then CFQ automatically moves all the random seeky queues
in the root group. That means there will be no service differentiation for
that kind of workload. This leads to better throughput as we do collective
idling on root sync-noidle tree.
By default one should run with group_isolation=0. If that is not sufficient
and one wants stronger isolation between groups, then set group_isolation=1
but this will come at cost of reduced throughput.
/sys/block/<disk>/queue/iosched/slice_idle
------------------------------------------
On a faster hardware CFQ can be slow, especially with sequential workload.

12
Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt
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@ -110,22 +110,22 @@ university server with various users - students, professors, system
tasks etc. The resource planning for this server could be along the
following lines:
CPU : Top cpuset
CPU : "Top cpuset"
/ \
CPUSet1 CPUSet2
| |
(Profs) (Students)
| |
(Professors) (Students)
In addition (system tasks) are attached to topcpuset (so
that they can run anywhere) with a limit of 20%
Memory : Professors (50%), students (30%), system (20%)
Memory : Professors (50%), Students (30%), system (20%)
Disk : Prof (50%), students (30%), system (20%)
Disk : Professors (50%), Students (30%), system (20%)
Network : WWW browsing (20%), Network File System (60%), others (20%)
/ \
Prof (15%) students (5%)
Professors (15%) students (5%)
Browsers like Firefox/Lynx go into the WWW network class, while (k)nfsd go
into NFS network class.

15
Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
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@ -52,8 +52,10 @@ Brief summary of control files.
tasks # attach a task(thread) and show list of threads
cgroup.procs # show list of processes
cgroup.event_control # an interface for event_fd()
memory.usage_in_bytes # show current memory(RSS+Cache) usage.
memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes # show current memory+Swap usage
memory.usage_in_bytes # show current res_counter usage for memory
(See 5.5 for details)
memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes # show current res_counter usage for memory+Swap
(See 5.5 for details)
memory.limit_in_bytes # set/show limit of memory usage
memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes # set/show limit of memory+Swap usage
memory.failcnt # show the number of memory usage hits limits
@ -453,6 +455,15 @@ memory under it will be reclaimed.
You can reset failcnt by writing 0 to failcnt file.
# echo 0 > .../memory.failcnt
5.5 usage_in_bytes
For efficiency, as other kernel components, memory cgroup uses some optimization
to avoid unnecessary cacheline false sharing. usage_in_bytes is affected by the
method and doesn't show 'exact' value of memory(and swap) usage, it's an fuzz
value for efficient access. (Of course, when necessary, it's synchronized.)
If you want to know more exact memory usage, you should use RSS+CACHE(+SWAP)
value in memory.stat(see 5.2).
6. Hierarchy support
The memory controller supports a deep hierarchy and hierarchical accounting.

2
Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt
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@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ the state as 0 when a cpu if offline and 1 when its online.
#To display the current cpu state.
#cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online
Q: Why cant i remove CPU0 on some systems?
Q: Why can't i remove CPU0 on some systems?
A: Some architectures may have some special dependency on a certain CPU.
For e.g in IA64 platforms we have ability to sent platform interrupts to the

2
Documentation/dell_rbu.txt
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ image file and then arrange all these packets back to back in to one single
file.
This file is then copied to /sys/class/firmware/dell_rbu/data.
Once this file gets to the driver, the driver extracts packet_size data from
the file and spreads it accross the physical memory in contiguous packet_sized
the file and spreads it across the physical memory in contiguous packet_sized
space.
This method makes sure that all the packets get to the driver in a single operation.

18
Documentation/development-process/1.Intro
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@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ information on kernel development.
1.2: WHAT THIS DOCUMENT IS ABOUT
The Linux kernel, at over 6 million lines of code and well over 1000 active
contributors, is one of the largest and most active free software projects
in existence. Since its humble beginning in 1991, this kernel has evolved
into a best-of-breed operating system component which runs on pocket-sized
digital music players, desktop PCs, the largest supercomputers in
existence, and all types of systems in between. It is a robust, efficient,
and scalable solution for almost any situation.
The Linux kernel, at over 8 million lines of code and well over 1000
contributors to each release, is one of the largest and most active free
software projects in existence. Since its humble beginning in 1991, this
kernel has evolved into a best-of-breed operating system component which
runs on pocket-sized digital music players, desktop PCs, the largest
supercomputers in existence, and all types of systems in between. It is a
robust, efficient, and scalable solution for almost any situation.
With the growth of Linux has come an increase in the number of developers
(and companies) wishing to participate in its development. Hardware
@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ This document was written by Jonathan Corbet, corbet@lwn.net. It has been
improved by comments from Johannes Berg, James Berry, Alex Chiang, Roland
Dreier, Randy Dunlap, Jake Edge, Jiri Kosina, Matt Mackall, Arthur Marsh,
Amanda McPherson, Andrew Morton, Andrew Price, Tsugikazu Shibata, and
Jochen Voß.
Jochen Voß.
This work was supported by the Linux Foundation; thanks especially to
Amanda McPherson, who saw the value of this effort and made it all happen.
@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ include:
- Everything that was said above about code review applies doubly to
closed-source code. Since this code is not available at all, it cannot
have been reviewed by the community and will, beyond doubt, have serious
problems.
problems.
Makers of embedded systems, in particular, may be tempted to disregard much
of what has been said in this section in the belief that they are shipping

169
Documentation/development-process/2.Process
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@ -14,16 +14,15 @@ The kernel developers use a loosely time-based release process, with a new
major kernel release happening every two or three months. The recent
release history looks like this:
2.6.26 July 13, 2008
2.6.25 April 16, 2008
2.6.24 January 24, 2008
2.6.23 October 9, 2007
2.6.22 July 8, 2007
2.6.21 April 25, 2007
2.6.20 February 4, 2007
2.6.38 March 14, 2011
2.6.37 January 4, 2011
2.6.36 October 20, 2010
2.6.35 August 1, 2010
2.6.34 May 15, 2010
2.6.33 February 24, 2010
Every 2.6.x release is a major kernel release with new features, internal
API changes, and more. A typical 2.6 release can contain over 10,000
API changes, and more. A typical 2.6 release can contain nearly 10,000
changesets with changes to several hundred thousand lines of code. 2.6 is
thus the leading edge of Linux kernel development; the kernel uses a
rolling development model which is continually integrating major changes.
@ -42,13 +41,13 @@ merge window do not come out of thin air; they have been collected, tested,
and staged ahead of time. How that process works will be described in
detail later on).
The merge window lasts for two weeks. At the end of this time, Linus
Torvalds will declare that the window is closed and release the first of
the "rc" kernels. For the kernel which is destined to be 2.6.26, for
example, the release which happens at the end of the merge window will be
called 2.6.26-rc1. The -rc1 release is the signal that the time to merge
new features has passed, and that the time to stabilize the next kernel has
begun.
The merge window lasts for approximately two weeks. At the end of this
time, Linus Torvalds will declare that the window is closed and release the
first of the "rc" kernels. For the kernel which is destined to be 2.6.40,
for example, the release which happens at the end of the merge window will
be called 2.6.40-rc1. The -rc1 release is the signal that the time to
merge new features has passed, and that the time to stabilize the next
kernel has begun.
Over the next six to ten weeks, only patches which fix problems should be
submitted to the mainline. On occasion a more significant change will be
@ -66,20 +65,19 @@ will get up to somewhere between -rc6 and -rc9 before the kernel is
considered to be sufficiently stable and the final 2.6.x release is made.
At that point the whole process starts over again.
As an example, here is how the 2.6.25 development cycle went (all dates in
2008):
As an example, here is how the 2.6.38 development cycle went (all dates in
2011):
January 24 2.6.24 stable release
February 10 2.6.25-rc1, merge window closes
February 15 2.6.25-rc2
February 24 2.6.25-rc3
March 4 2.6.25-rc4
March 9 2.6.25-rc5
March 16 2.6.25-rc6
March 25 2.6.25-rc7
April 1 2.6.25-rc8
April 11 2.6.25-rc9
April 16 2.6.25 stable release
January 4 2.6.37 stable release
January 18 2.6.38-rc1, merge window closes
January 21 2.6.38-rc2
February 1 2.6.38-rc3
February 7 2.6.38-rc4
February 15 2.6.38-rc5
February 21 2.6.38-rc6
March 1 2.6.38-rc7
March 7 2.6.38-rc8
March 14 2.6.38 stable release
How do the developers decide when to close the development cycle and create
the stable release? The most significant metric used is the list of
@ -87,7 +85,7 @@ regressions from previous releases. No bugs are welcome, but those which
break systems which worked in the past are considered to be especially
serious. For this reason, patches which cause regressions are looked upon
unfavorably and are quite likely to be reverted during the stabilization
period.
period.
The developers' goal is to fix all known regressions before the stable
release is made. In the real world, this kind of perfection is hard to
@ -99,26 +97,34 @@ kernels go out with a handful of known regressions though, hopefully, none
of them are serious.
Once a stable release is made, its ongoing maintenance is passed off to the
"stable team," currently comprised of Greg Kroah-Hartman and Chris Wright.
The stable team will release occasional updates to the stable release using
the 2.6.x.y numbering scheme. To be considered for an update release, a
patch must (1) fix a significant bug, and (2) already be merged into the
mainline for the next development kernel. Continuing our 2.6.25 example,
the history (as of this writing) is:
"stable team," currently consisting of Greg Kroah-Hartman. The stable team
will release occasional updates to the stable release using the 2.6.x.y
numbering scheme. To be considered for an update release, a patch must (1)
fix a significant bug, and (2) already be merged into the mainline for the
next development kernel. Kernels will typically receive stable updates for
a little more than one development cycle past their initial release. So,
for example, the 2.6.36 kernel's history looked like:
May 1 2.6.25.1
May 6 2.6.25.2
May 9 2.6.25.3
May 15 2.6.25.4
June 7 2.6.25.5
June 9 2.6.25.6
June 16 2.6.25.7
June 21 2.6.25.8
June 24 2.6.25.9
October 10 2.6.36 stable release
November 22 2.6.36.1
December 9 2.6.36.2
January 7 2.6.36.3
February 17 2.6.36.4
Stable updates for a given kernel are made for approximately six months;
after that, the maintenance of stable releases is solely the responsibility
of the distributors which have shipped that particular kernel.
2.6.36.4 was the final stable update for the 2.6.36 release.
Some kernels are designated "long term" kernels; they will receive support
for a longer period. As of this writing, the current long term kernels
and their maintainers are:
2.6.27 Willy Tarreau (Deep-frozen stable kernel)
2.6.32 Greg Kroah-Hartman
2.6.35 Andi Kleen (Embedded flag kernel)
The selection of a kernel for long-term support is purely a matter of a
maintainer having the need and the time to maintain that release. There
are no known plans for long-term support for any specific upcoming
release.
2.2: THE LIFECYCLE OF A PATCH
@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ each patch implements a change which is desirable to have in the mainline.
This process can happen quickly for minor fixes, or, in the case of large
and controversial changes, go on for years. Much developer frustration
comes from a lack of understanding of this process or from attempts to
circumvent it.
circumvent it.
In the hopes of reducing that frustration, this document will describe how
a patch gets into the kernel. What follows below is an introduction which
@ -193,8 +199,8 @@ involved.
2.3: HOW PATCHES GET INTO THE KERNEL
There is exactly one person who can merge patches into the mainline kernel
repository: Linus Torvalds. But, of the over 12,000 patches which went
into the 2.6.25 kernel, only 250 (around 2%) were directly chosen by Linus
repository: Linus Torvalds. But, of the over 9,500 patches which went
into the 2.6.38 kernel, only 112 (around 1.3%) were directly chosen by Linus
himself. The kernel project has long since grown to a size where no single
developer could possibly inspect and select every patch unassisted. The
way the kernel developers have addressed this growth is through the use of
@ -229,7 +235,7 @@ first in trees dedicated to network device drivers, wireless networking,
etc. This chain of repositories can be arbitrarily long, though it rarely
exceeds two or three links. Since each maintainer in the chain trusts
those managing lower-level trees, this process is known as the "chain of
trust."
trust."
Clearly, in a system like this, getting patches into the kernel depends on
finding the right maintainer. Sending patches directly to Linus is not
@ -254,7 +260,7 @@ The answer comes in the form of -next trees, where subsystem trees are
collected for testing and review. The older of these trees, maintained by
Andrew Morton, is called "-mm" (for memory management, which is how it got
started). The -mm tree integrates patches from a long list of subsystem
trees; it also has some patches aimed at helping with debugging.
trees; it also has some patches aimed at helping with debugging.
Beyond that, -mm contains a significant collection of patches which have
been selected by Andrew directly. These patches may have been posted on a
@ -264,8 +270,8 @@ subsystem tree of last resort; if there is no other obvious path for a
patch into the mainline, it is likely to end up in -mm. Miscellaneous
patches which accumulate in -mm will eventually either be forwarded on to
an appropriate subsystem tree or be sent directly to Linus. In a typical
development cycle, approximately 10% of the patches going into the mainline
get there via -mm.
development cycle, approximately 5-10% of the patches going into the
mainline get there via -mm.
The current -mm patch is available in the "mmotm" (-mm of the moment)
directory at:
@ -275,7 +281,7 @@ directory at:
Use of the MMOTM tree is likely to be a frustrating experience, though;
there is a definite chance that it will not even compile.
The other -next tree, started more recently, is linux-next, maintained by
The primary tree for next-cycle patch merging is linux-next, maintained by
Stephen Rothwell. The linux-next tree is, by design, a snapshot of what
the mainline is expected to look like after the next merge window closes.
Linux-next trees are announced on the linux-kernel and linux-next mailing
@ -287,25 +293,14 @@ Some information about linux-next has been gathered at:
http://linux.f-seidel.de/linux-next/pmwiki/
How the linux-next tree will fit into the development process is still
changing. As of this writing, the first full development cycle involving
linux-next (2.6.26) is coming to an end; thus far, it has proved to be a
valuable resource for finding and fixing integration problems before the
beginning of the merge window. See http://lwn.net/Articles/287155/ for
more information on how linux-next has worked to set up the 2.6.27 merge
window.
Linux-next has become an integral part of the kernel development process;
all patches merged during a given merge window should really have found
their way into linux-next some time before the merge window opens.
Some developers have begun to suggest that linux-next should be used as the
target for future development as well. The linux-next tree does tend to be
far ahead of the mainline and is more representative of the tree into which
any new work will be merged. The downside to this idea is that the
volatility of linux-next tends to make it a difficult development target.
See http://lwn.net/Articles/289013/ for more information on this topic, and
stay tuned; much is still in flux where linux-next is involved.
2.4.1: STAGING TREES
The kernel source tree now contains the drivers/staging/ directory, where
The kernel source tree contains the drivers/staging/ directory, where
many sub-directories for drivers or filesystems that are on their way to
being added to the kernel tree live. They remain in drivers/staging while
they still need more work; once complete, they can be moved into the
@ -313,15 +308,23 @@ kernel proper. This is a way to keep track of drivers that aren't
up to Linux kernel coding or quality standards, but people may want to use
them and track development.
Greg Kroah-Hartman currently (as of 2.6.36) maintains the staging tree.
Drivers that still need work are sent to him, with each driver having
its own subdirectory in drivers/staging/. Along with the driver source
files, a TODO file should be present in the directory as well. The TODO
file lists the pending work that the driver needs for acceptance into
the kernel proper, as well as a list of people that should be Cc'd for any
patches to the driver. Staging drivers that don't currently build should
have their config entries depend upon CONFIG_BROKEN. Once they can
be successfully built without outside patches, CONFIG_BROKEN can be removed.
Greg Kroah-Hartman currently maintains the staging tree. Drivers that
still need work are sent to him, with each driver having its own
subdirectory in drivers/staging/. Along with the driver source files, a
TODO file should be present in the directory as well. The TODO file lists
the pending work that the driver needs for acceptance into the kernel
proper, as well as a list of people that should be Cc'd for any patches to
the driver. Current rules require that drivers contributed to staging
must, at a minimum, compile properly.
Staging can be a relatively easy way to get new drivers into the mainline
where, with luck, they will come to the attention of other developers and
improve quickly. Entry into staging is not the end of the story, though;
code in staging which is not seeing regular progress will eventually be
removed. Distributors also tend to be relatively reluctant to enable
staging drivers. So staging is, at best, a stop on the way toward becoming
a proper mainline driver.
2.5: TOOLS
@ -347,11 +350,7 @@ page at:
http://git-scm.com/
That page has pointers to documentation and tutorials. One should be
aware, in particular, of the Kernel Hacker's Guide to git, which has
information specific to kernel development:
http://linux.yyz.us/git-howto.html
That page has pointers to documentation and tutorials.
Among the kernel developers who do not use git, the most popular choice is
almost certainly Mercurial:
@ -408,7 +407,7 @@ There are a few hints which can help with linux-kernel survival:
important to filter on both the topic of interest (though note that
long-running conversations can drift away from the original subject
without changing the email subject line) and the people who are
participating.
participating.
- Do not feed the trolls. If somebody is trying to stir up an angry
response, ignore them.

31
Documentation/development-process/3.Early-stage
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@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ the kernel community's standards. Some examples include:
- The AppArmor security module made use of internal virtual filesystem
data structures in ways which were considered to be unsafe and
unreliable. This code has since been significantly reworked, but
remains outside of the mainline.
unreliable. This concern (among others) kept AppArmor out of the
mainline for years.
In each of these cases, a great deal of pain and extra work could have been
avoided with some early discussion with the kernel developers.
@ -138,6 +138,19 @@ patches, and who, if anybody, is attaching Signed-off-by lines to those
patches. Those are the people who will be best placed to help with a new
development project.
The task of finding the right maintainer is sometimes challenging enough
that the kernel developers have added a script to ease the process:
.../scripts/get_maintainer.pl
This script will return the current maintainer(s) for a given file or
directory when given the "-f" option. If passed a patch on the
command line, it will list the maintainers who should probably receive
copies of the patch. There are a number of options regulating how hard
get_maintainer.pl will search for maintainers; please be careful about
using the more aggressive options as you may end up including developers
who have no real interest in the code you are modifying.
If all else fails, talking to Andrew Morton can be an effective way to
track down a maintainer for a specific piece of code.
@ -155,11 +168,15 @@ reaction, but, instead, little or no reaction at all. The sad truth of the
matter is (1) kernel developers tend to be busy, (2) there is no shortage
of people with grand plans and little code (or even prospect of code) to
back them up, and (3) nobody is obligated to review or comment on ideas
posted by others. If a request-for-comments posting yields little in the
way of comments, do not assume that it means there is no interest in the
project. Unfortunately, you also cannot assume that there are no problems
with your idea. The best thing to do in this situation is to proceed,
keeping the community informed as you go.
posted by others. Beyond that, high-level designs often hide problems
which are only reviewed when somebody actually tries to implement those
designs; for that reason, kernel developers would rather see the code.
If a request-for-comments posting yields little in the way of comments, do
not assume that it means there is no interest in the project.
Unfortunately, you also cannot assume that there are no problems with your
idea. The best thing to do in this situation is to proceed, keeping the
community informed as you go.
3.5: GETTING OFFICIAL BUY-IN

21
Documentation/development-process/4.Coding
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@ -131,6 +131,11 @@ classic time/space tradeoff taught in beginning data structures classes
often does not apply to contemporary hardware. Space *is* time, in that a
larger program will run slower than one which is more compact.
More recent compilers take an increasingly active role in deciding whether
a given function should actually be inlined or not. So the liberal
placement of "inline" keywords may not just be excessive; it could also be
irrelevant.
* Locking
@ -285,6 +290,13 @@ be found at https://sparse.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page if your
distributor does not package it); it can then be run on the code by adding
"C=1" to your make command.
The "Coccinelle" tool (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/) is able to find a wide
variety of potential coding problems; it can also propose fixes for those
problems. Quite a few "semantic patches" for the kernel have been packaged
under the scripts/coccinelle directory; running "make coccicheck" will run
through those semantic patches and report on any problems found. See
Documentation/coccinelle.txt for more information.
Other kinds of portability errors are best found by compiling your code for
other architectures. If you do not happen to have an S/390 system or a
Blackfin development board handy, you can still perform the compilation
@ -308,7 +320,9 @@ The first piece of documentation for any patch is its associated
changelog. Log entries should describe the problem being solved, the form
of the solution, the people who worked on the patch, any relevant
effects on performance, and anything else that might be needed to
understand the patch.
understand the patch. Be sure that the changelog says *why* the patch is
worth applying; a surprising number of developers fail to provide that
information.
Any code which adds a new user-space interface - including new sysfs or
/proc files - should include documentation of that interface which enables
@ -321,7 +335,7 @@ boot-time parameters. Any patch which adds new parameters should add the
appropriate entries to this file.
Any new configuration options must be accompanied by help text which
clearly explains the options and when the user might want to select them.
clearly explains the options and when the user might want to select them.
Internal API information for many subsystems is documented by way of
specially-formatted comments; these comments can be extracted and formatted
@ -372,7 +386,8 @@ which is broken by the change. For a widely-used function, this duty can
lead to literally hundreds or thousands of changes - many of which are
likely to conflict with work being done by other developers. Needless to
say, this can be a large job, so it is best to be sure that the
justification is solid.
justification is solid. Note that the Coccinelle tool can help with
wide-ranging API changes.
When making an incompatible API change, one should, whenever possible,
ensure that code which has not been updated is caught by the compiler.

28
Documentation/development-process/5.Posting
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@ -60,12 +60,15 @@ even in the short term.
Patches must be prepared against a specific version of the kernel. As a
general rule, a patch should be based on the current mainline as found in
Linus's git tree. It may become necessary to make versions against -mm,
linux-next, or a subsystem tree, though, to facilitate wider testing and
review. Depending on the area of your patch and what is going on
elsewhere, basing a patch against these other trees can require a
significant amount of work resolving conflicts and dealing with API
changes.
Linus's git tree. When basing on mainline, start with a well-known release
point - a stable or -rc release - rather than branching off the mainline at
an arbitrary spot.
It may become necessary to make versions against -mm, linux-next, or a
subsystem tree, though, to facilitate wider testing and review. Depending
on the area of your patch and what is going on elsewhere, basing a patch
against these other trees can require a significant amount of work
resolving conflicts and dealing with API changes.
Only the most simple changes should be formatted as a single patch;
everything else should be made as a logical series of changes. Splitting
@ -100,11 +103,11 @@ rules of thumb, however, which can help considerably:
result is a broken kernel, you will make life harder for developers and
users who are engaging in the noble work of tracking down problems.
- Do not overdo it, though. One developer recently posted a set of edits
- Do not overdo it, though. One developer once posted a set of edits
to a single file as 500 separate patches - an act which did not make him
the most popular person on the kernel mailing list. A single patch can
be reasonably large as long as it still contains a single *logical*
change.
change.
- It can be tempting to add a whole new infrastructure with a series of
patches, but to leave that infrastructure unused until the final patch
@ -162,7 +165,8 @@ To that end, the summary line should describe the effects of and motivation
for the change as well as possible given the one-line constraint. The
detailed description can then amplify on those topics and provide any
needed additional information. If the patch fixes a bug, cite the commit
which introduced the bug if possible. If a problem is associated with
which introduced the bug if possible (and please provide both the commit ID
and the title when citing commits). If a problem is associated with
specific log or compiler output, include that output to help others
searching for a solution to the same problem. If the change is meant to
support other changes coming in later patch, say so. If internal APIs are
@ -230,7 +234,7 @@ take care of:
which have had gratuitous white-space changes or line wrapping performed
by the mail client will not apply at the other end, and often will not
be examined in any detail. If there is any doubt at all, mail the patch
to yourself and convince yourself that it shows up intact.
to yourself and convince yourself that it shows up intact.
Documentation/email-clients.txt has some helpful hints on making
specific mail clients work for sending patches.
@ -287,7 +291,7 @@ something like:
where "nn" is the ordinal number of the patch, "mm" is the total number of
patches in the series, and "subsys" is the name of the affected subsystem.
Clearly, nn/mm can be omitted for a single, standalone patch.
Clearly, nn/mm can be omitted for a single, standalone patch.
If you have a significant series of patches, it is customary to send an
introductory description as part zero. This convention is not universally
@ -299,5 +303,5 @@ In general, the second and following parts of a multi-part patch should be
sent as a reply to the first part so that they all thread together at the
receiving end. Tools like git and quilt have commands to mail out a set of
patches with the proper threading. If you have a long series, though, and
are using git, please provide the --no-chain-reply-to option to avoid
are using git, please stay away from the --chain-reply-to option to avoid
creating exceptionally deep nesting.

16
Documentation/development-process/6.Followthrough
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@ -66,6 +66,11 @@ be easy to become blinded by your own solution to a problem to the point
that you don't realize that something is fundamentally wrong or, perhaps,
you're not even solving the right problem.
Andrew Morton has suggested that every review comment which does not result
in a code change should result in an additional code comment instead; that
can help future reviewers avoid the questions which came up the first time
around.
One fatal mistake is to ignore review comments in the hope that they will
go away. They will not go away. If you repost code without having
responded to the comments you got the time before, you're likely to find
@ -100,7 +105,7 @@ entry into a subsystem maintainer's tree. How that works varies from one
subsystem to the next; each maintainer has his or her own way of doing
things. In particular, there may be more than one tree - one, perhaps,
dedicated to patches planned for the next merge window, and another for
longer-term work.
longer-term work.
For patches applying to areas for which there is no obvious subsystem tree
(memory management patches, for example), the default tree often ends up
@ -109,11 +114,10 @@ through the -mm tree.
Inclusion into a subsystem tree can bring a higher level of visibility to a
patch. Now other developers working with that tree will get the patch by
default. Subsystem trees typically feed into -mm and linux-next as well,
making their contents visible to the development community as a whole. At
this point, there's a good chance that you will get more comments from a
new set of reviewers; these comments need to be answered as in the previous
round.
default. Subsystem trees typically feed linux-next as well, making their
contents visible to the development community as a whole. At this point,
there's a good chance that you will get more comments from a new set of
reviewers; these comments need to be answered as in the previous round.
What may also happen at this point, depending on the nature of your patch,
is that conflicts with work being done by others turn up. In the worst

4
Documentation/development-process/7.AdvancedTopics
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@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ can affect your ability to get trees pulled in the future. Quoting Linus:
to trust things *without* then having to go and check every
individual change by hand.
(http://lwn.net/Articles/224135/).
(http://lwn.net/Articles/224135/).
To avoid this kind of situation, ensure that all patches within a given
branch stick closely to the associated topic; a "driver fixes" branch
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ When requesting a pull, be sure to give all the relevant information: where
your tree is, what branch to pull, and what changes will result from the
pull. The git request-pull command can be helpful in this regard; it will
format the request as other developers expect, and will also check to be
sure that you have remembered to push those changes to the public server.
sure that you have remembered to push those changes to the public server.
7.2: REVIEWING PATCHES

17
Documentation/device-mapper/dm-flakey.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
dm-flakey
=========
This target is the same as the linear target except that it returns I/O
errors periodically. It's been found useful in simulating failing
devices for testing purposes.
Starting from the time the table is loaded, the device is available for
<up interval> seconds, then returns errors for <down interval> seconds,
and then this cycle repeats.
Parameters: <dev path> <offset> <up interval> <down interval>
<dev path>: Full pathname to the underlying block-device, or a
"major:minor" device-number.
<offset>: Starting sector within the device.
<up interval>: Number of seconds device is available.
<down interval>: Number of seconds device returns errors.

2
Documentation/device-mapper/dm-service-time.txt
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Algorithm
=========
dm-service-time adds the I/O size to 'in-flight-size' when the I/O is
dispatched and substracts when completed.
dispatched and subtracts when completed.
Basically, dm-service-time selects a path having minimum service time
which is calculated by:

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