diff --git a/fs/afs/dir_edit.c b/fs/afs/dir_edit.c
index f0eddccbdd95..e2fa577b66fe 100644
--- a/fs/afs/dir_edit.c
+++ b/fs/afs/dir_edit.c
@@ -115,11 +115,12 @@ static struct folio *afs_dir_get_folio(struct afs_vnode *vnode, pgoff_t index)
 	folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, index,
 				    FGP_LOCK | FGP_ACCESSED | FGP_CREAT,
 				    mapping->gfp_mask);
-	if (IS_ERR(folio))
+	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
 		clear_bit(AFS_VNODE_DIR_VALID, &vnode->flags);
-	else if (folio && !folio_test_private(folio))
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (!folio_test_private(folio))
 		folio_attach_private(folio, (void *)1);
-
 	return folio;
 }
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
index 798a2c1b38c6..7a8f166f2c8d 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
@@ -67,20 +67,28 @@ int nilfs_bmap_lookup_at_level(struct nilfs_bmap *bmap, __u64 key, int level,
 
 	down_read(&bmap->b_sem);
 	ret = bmap->b_ops->bop_lookup(bmap, key, level, ptrp);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		ret = nilfs_bmap_convert_error(bmap, __func__, ret);
+	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out;
-	}
+
 	if (NILFS_BMAP_USE_VBN(bmap)) {
 		ret = nilfs_dat_translate(nilfs_bmap_get_dat(bmap), *ptrp,
 					  &blocknr);
 		if (!ret)
 			*ptrp = blocknr;
+		else if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+			/*
+			 * If there was no valid entry in DAT for the block
+			 * address obtained by b_ops->bop_lookup, then pass
+			 * internal code -EINVAL to nilfs_bmap_convert_error
+			 * to treat it as metadata corruption.
+			 */
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+		}
 	}
 
  out:
 	up_read(&bmap->b_sem);
-	return ret;
+	return nilfs_bmap_convert_error(bmap, __func__, ret);
 }
 
 int nilfs_bmap_lookup_contig(struct nilfs_bmap *bmap, __u64 key, __u64 *ptrp,
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/segment.c b/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
index 228659612c0d..ac949fd7603f 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
@@ -2041,6 +2041,9 @@ static int nilfs_segctor_do_construct(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci, int mode)
 	struct the_nilfs *nilfs = sci->sc_super->s_fs_info;
 	int err;
 
+	if (sb_rdonly(sci->sc_super))
+		return -EROFS;
+
 	nilfs_sc_cstage_set(sci, NILFS_ST_INIT);
 	sci->sc_cno = nilfs->ns_cno;
 
@@ -2724,7 +2727,7 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_write_out(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 
 		flush_work(&sci->sc_iput_work);
 
-	} while (ret && retrycount-- > 0);
+	} while (ret && ret != -EROFS && retrycount-- > 0);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index 5522130ae606..13678edaa22c 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -960,17 +960,17 @@ struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct mm_struct *mm,
 		merge_next = true;
 	}
 
+	/* Verify some invariant that must be enforced by the caller. */
+	VM_WARN_ON(prev && addr <= prev->vm_start);
+	VM_WARN_ON(curr && (addr != curr->vm_start || end > curr->vm_end));
+	VM_WARN_ON(addr >= end);
+
 	if (!merge_prev && !merge_next)
 		return NULL; /* Not mergeable. */
 
 	res = vma = prev;
 	remove = remove2 = adjust = NULL;
 
-	/* Verify some invariant that must be enforced by the caller. */
-	VM_WARN_ON(prev && addr <= prev->vm_start);
-	VM_WARN_ON(curr && (addr != curr->vm_start || end > curr->vm_end));
-	VM_WARN_ON(addr >= end);
-
 	/* Can we merge both the predecessor and the successor? */
 	if (merge_prev && merge_next &&
 	    is_mergeable_anon_vma(prev->anon_vma, next->anon_vma, NULL)) {
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index 5bde07409303..d257916f39e5 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -1967,6 +1967,16 @@ retry:
 			}
 		}
 
+		/*
+		 * Folio is unmapped now so it cannot be newly pinned anymore.
+		 * No point in trying to reclaim folio if it is pinned.
+		 * Furthermore we don't want to reclaim underlying fs metadata
+		 * if the folio is pinned and thus potentially modified by the
+		 * pinning process as that may upset the filesystem.
+		 */
+		if (folio_maybe_dma_pinned(folio))
+			goto activate_locked;
+
 		mapping = folio_mapping(folio);
 		if (folio_test_dirty(folio)) {
 			/*