libnvdimm: move poison list functions to a new 'badrange' file

nfit_test needs to use the poison list manipulation code as well. Make
it more generic and in the process rename poison to badrange, and move
all the related helpers to a new file.

Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
[vishal: Add badrange.o to nfit_test's Kbuild]
[vishal: add a missed include in bus.c for the new badrange functions]
[vishal: rename all instances of 'be' to 'bre']
Signed-off-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
This commit is contained in:
Dave Jiang 2017-08-23 12:48:26 -07:00 коммит произвёл Dan Williams
Родитель 11e1427016
Коммит aa9ad44a42
10 изменённых файлов: 332 добавлений и 282 удалений

Просмотреть файл

@ -2486,7 +2486,7 @@ static int ars_status_process_records(struct acpi_nfit_desc *acpi_desc,
if (ars_status->out_length
< 44 + sizeof(struct nd_ars_record) * (i + 1))
break;
rc = nvdimm_bus_add_poison(nvdimm_bus,
rc = nvdimm_bus_add_badrange(nvdimm_bus,
ars_status->records[i].err_address,
ars_status->records[i].length);
if (rc)

Просмотреть файл

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static int nfit_handle_mce(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long val,
continue;
/* If this fails due to an -ENOMEM, there is little we can do */
nvdimm_bus_add_poison(acpi_desc->nvdimm_bus,
nvdimm_bus_add_badrange(acpi_desc->nvdimm_bus,
ALIGN(mce->addr, L1_CACHE_BYTES),
L1_CACHE_BYTES);
nvdimm_region_notify(nfit_spa->nd_region,

Просмотреть файл

@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ libnvdimm-y += region_devs.o
libnvdimm-y += region.o
libnvdimm-y += namespace_devs.o
libnvdimm-y += label.o
libnvdimm-y += badrange.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_ND_CLAIM) += claim.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_BTT) += btt_devs.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_NVDIMM_PFN) += pfn_devs.o

294
drivers/nvdimm/badrange.c Normal file
Просмотреть файл

@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
/*
* Copyright(c) 2017 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* General Public License for more details.
*/
#include <linux/libnvdimm.h>
#include <linux/badblocks.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/ndctl.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include "nd-core.h"
#include "nd.h"
void badrange_init(struct badrange *badrange)
{
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&badrange->list);
spin_lock_init(&badrange->lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badrange_init);
static void append_badrange_entry(struct badrange *badrange,
struct badrange_entry *bre, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
lockdep_assert_held(&badrange->lock);
bre->start = addr;
bre->length = length;
list_add_tail(&bre->list, &badrange->list);
}
static int alloc_and_append_badrange_entry(struct badrange *badrange,
u64 addr, u64 length, gfp_t flags)
{
struct badrange_entry *bre;
bre = kzalloc(sizeof(*bre), flags);
if (!bre)
return -ENOMEM;
append_badrange_entry(badrange, bre, addr, length);
return 0;
}
static int add_badrange(struct badrange *badrange, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
struct badrange_entry *bre, *bre_new;
spin_unlock(&badrange->lock);
bre_new = kzalloc(sizeof(*bre_new), GFP_KERNEL);
spin_lock(&badrange->lock);
if (list_empty(&badrange->list)) {
if (!bre_new)
return -ENOMEM;
append_badrange_entry(badrange, bre_new, addr, length);
return 0;
}
/*
* There is a chance this is a duplicate, check for those first.
* This will be the common case as ARS_STATUS returns all known
* errors in the SPA space, and we can't query it per region
*/
list_for_each_entry(bre, &badrange->list, list)
if (bre->start == addr) {
/* If length has changed, update this list entry */
if (bre->length != length)
bre->length = length;
kfree(bre_new);
return 0;
}
/*
* If not a duplicate or a simple length update, add the entry as is,
* as any overlapping ranges will get resolved when the list is consumed
* and converted to badblocks
*/
if (!bre_new)
return -ENOMEM;
append_badrange_entry(badrange, bre_new, addr, length);
return 0;
}
int badrange_add(struct badrange *badrange, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
int rc;
spin_lock(&badrange->lock);
rc = add_badrange(badrange, addr, length);
spin_unlock(&badrange->lock);
return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badrange_add);
void badrange_forget(struct badrange *badrange, phys_addr_t start,
unsigned int len)
{
struct list_head *badrange_list = &badrange->list;
u64 clr_end = start + len - 1;
struct badrange_entry *bre, *next;
spin_lock(&badrange->lock);
WARN_ON_ONCE(list_empty(badrange_list));
/*
* [start, clr_end] is the badrange interval being cleared.
* [bre->start, bre_end] is the badrange_list entry we're comparing
* the above interval against. The badrange list entry may need
* to be modified (update either start or length), deleted, or
* split into two based on the overlap characteristics
*/
list_for_each_entry_safe(bre, next, badrange_list, list) {
u64 bre_end = bre->start + bre->length - 1;
/* Skip intervals with no intersection */
if (bre_end < start)
continue;
if (bre->start > clr_end)
continue;
/* Delete completely overlapped badrange entries */
if ((bre->start >= start) && (bre_end <= clr_end)) {
list_del(&bre->list);
kfree(bre);
continue;
}
/* Adjust start point of partially cleared entries */
if ((start <= bre->start) && (clr_end > bre->start)) {
bre->length -= clr_end - bre->start + 1;
bre->start = clr_end + 1;
continue;
}
/* Adjust bre->length for partial clearing at the tail end */
if ((bre->start < start) && (bre_end <= clr_end)) {
/* bre->start remains the same */
bre->length = start - bre->start;
continue;
}
/*
* If clearing in the middle of an entry, we split it into
* two by modifying the current entry to represent one half of
* the split, and adding a new entry for the second half.
*/
if ((bre->start < start) && (bre_end > clr_end)) {
u64 new_start = clr_end + 1;
u64 new_len = bre_end - new_start + 1;
/* Add new entry covering the right half */
alloc_and_append_badrange_entry(badrange, new_start,
new_len, GFP_NOWAIT);
/* Adjust this entry to cover the left half */
bre->length = start - bre->start;
continue;
}
}
spin_unlock(&badrange->lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badrange_forget);
static void set_badblock(struct badblocks *bb, sector_t s, int num)
{
dev_dbg(bb->dev, "Found a bad range (0x%llx, 0x%llx)\n",
(u64) s * 512, (u64) num * 512);
/* this isn't an error as the hardware will still throw an exception */
if (badblocks_set(bb, s, num, 1))
dev_info_once(bb->dev, "%s: failed for sector %llx\n",
__func__, (u64) s);
}
/**
* __add_badblock_range() - Convert a physical address range to bad sectors
* @bb: badblocks instance to populate
* @ns_offset: namespace offset where the error range begins (in bytes)
* @len: number of bytes of badrange to be added
*
* This assumes that the range provided with (ns_offset, len) is within
* the bounds of physical addresses for this namespace, i.e. lies in the
* interval [ns_start, ns_start + ns_size)
*/
static void __add_badblock_range(struct badblocks *bb, u64 ns_offset, u64 len)
{
const unsigned int sector_size = 512;
sector_t start_sector, end_sector;
u64 num_sectors;
u32 rem;
start_sector = div_u64(ns_offset, sector_size);
end_sector = div_u64_rem(ns_offset + len, sector_size, &rem);
if (rem)
end_sector++;
num_sectors = end_sector - start_sector;
if (unlikely(num_sectors > (u64)INT_MAX)) {
u64 remaining = num_sectors;
sector_t s = start_sector;
while (remaining) {
int done = min_t(u64, remaining, INT_MAX);
set_badblock(bb, s, done);
remaining -= done;
s += done;
}
} else
set_badblock(bb, start_sector, num_sectors);
}
static void badblocks_populate(struct badrange *badrange,
struct badblocks *bb, const struct resource *res)
{
struct badrange_entry *bre;
if (list_empty(&badrange->list))
return;
list_for_each_entry(bre, &badrange->list, list) {
u64 bre_end = bre->start + bre->length - 1;
/* Discard intervals with no intersection */
if (bre_end < res->start)
continue;
if (bre->start > res->end)
continue;
/* Deal with any overlap after start of the namespace */
if (bre->start >= res->start) {
u64 start = bre->start;
u64 len;
if (bre_end <= res->end)
len = bre->length;
else
len = res->start + resource_size(res)
- bre->start;
__add_badblock_range(bb, start - res->start, len);
continue;
}
/*
* Deal with overlap for badrange starting before
* the namespace.
*/
if (bre->start < res->start) {
u64 len;
if (bre_end < res->end)
len = bre->start + bre->length - res->start;
else
len = resource_size(res);
__add_badblock_range(bb, 0, len);
}
}
}
/**
* nvdimm_badblocks_populate() - Convert a list of badranges to badblocks
* @region: parent region of the range to interrogate
* @bb: badblocks instance to populate
* @res: resource range to consider
*
* The badrange list generated during bus initialization may contain
* multiple, possibly overlapping physical address ranges. Compare each
* of these ranges to the resource range currently being initialized,
* and add badblocks entries for all matching sub-ranges
*/
void nvdimm_badblocks_populate(struct nd_region *nd_region,
struct badblocks *bb, const struct resource *res)
{
struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus;
if (!is_memory(&nd_region->dev)) {
dev_WARN_ONCE(&nd_region->dev, 1,
"%s only valid for pmem regions\n", __func__);
return;
}
nvdimm_bus = walk_to_nvdimm_bus(&nd_region->dev);
nvdimm_bus_lock(&nvdimm_bus->dev);
badblocks_populate(&nvdimm_bus->badrange, bb, res);
nvdimm_bus_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->dev);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_badblocks_populate);

Просмотреть файл

@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
* General Public License for more details.
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/libnvdimm.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ static void nvdimm_account_cleared_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus,
phys_addr_t phys, u64 cleared)
{
if (cleared > 0)
nvdimm_forget_poison(nvdimm_bus, phys, cleared);
badrange_forget(&nvdimm_bus->badrange, phys, cleared);
if (cleared > 0 && cleared / 512)
nvdimm_clear_badblocks_regions(nvdimm_bus, phys, cleared);
@ -344,11 +345,10 @@ struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus_register(struct device *parent,
return NULL;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nvdimm_bus->list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nvdimm_bus->mapping_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nvdimm_bus->poison_list);
init_waitqueue_head(&nvdimm_bus->probe_wait);
nvdimm_bus->id = ida_simple_get(&nd_ida, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
mutex_init(&nvdimm_bus->reconfig_mutex);
spin_lock_init(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
badrange_init(&nvdimm_bus->badrange);
if (nvdimm_bus->id < 0) {
kfree(nvdimm_bus);
return NULL;
@ -395,15 +395,15 @@ static int child_unregister(struct device *dev, void *data)
return 0;
}
static void free_poison_list(struct list_head *poison_list)
static void free_badrange_list(struct list_head *badrange_list)
{
struct nd_poison *pl, *next;
struct badrange_entry *bre, *next;
list_for_each_entry_safe(pl, next, poison_list, list) {
list_del(&pl->list);
kfree(pl);
list_for_each_entry_safe(bre, next, badrange_list, list) {
list_del(&bre->list);
kfree(bre);
}
list_del_init(poison_list);
list_del_init(badrange_list);
}
static int nd_bus_remove(struct device *dev)
@ -417,9 +417,9 @@ static int nd_bus_remove(struct device *dev)
nd_synchronize();
device_for_each_child(&nvdimm_bus->dev, NULL, child_unregister);
spin_lock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
free_poison_list(&nvdimm_bus->poison_list);
spin_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
spin_lock(&nvdimm_bus->badrange.lock);
free_badrange_list(&nvdimm_bus->badrange.list);
spin_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->badrange.lock);
nvdimm_bus_destroy_ndctl(nvdimm_bus);

Просмотреть файл

@ -398,265 +398,11 @@ struct attribute_group nvdimm_bus_attribute_group = {
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_bus_attribute_group);
static void set_badblock(struct badblocks *bb, sector_t s, int num)
int nvdimm_bus_add_badrange(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
dev_dbg(bb->dev, "Found a poison range (0x%llx, 0x%llx)\n",
(u64) s * 512, (u64) num * 512);
/* this isn't an error as the hardware will still throw an exception */
if (badblocks_set(bb, s, num, 1))
dev_info_once(bb->dev, "%s: failed for sector %llx\n",
__func__, (u64) s);
return badrange_add(&nvdimm_bus->badrange, addr, length);
}
/**
* __add_badblock_range() - Convert a physical address range to bad sectors
* @bb: badblocks instance to populate
* @ns_offset: namespace offset where the error range begins (in bytes)
* @len: number of bytes of poison to be added
*
* This assumes that the range provided with (ns_offset, len) is within
* the bounds of physical addresses for this namespace, i.e. lies in the
* interval [ns_start, ns_start + ns_size)
*/
static void __add_badblock_range(struct badblocks *bb, u64 ns_offset, u64 len)
{
const unsigned int sector_size = 512;
sector_t start_sector, end_sector;
u64 num_sectors;
u32 rem;
start_sector = div_u64(ns_offset, sector_size);
end_sector = div_u64_rem(ns_offset + len, sector_size, &rem);
if (rem)
end_sector++;
num_sectors = end_sector - start_sector;
if (unlikely(num_sectors > (u64)INT_MAX)) {
u64 remaining = num_sectors;
sector_t s = start_sector;
while (remaining) {
int done = min_t(u64, remaining, INT_MAX);
set_badblock(bb, s, done);
remaining -= done;
s += done;
}
} else
set_badblock(bb, start_sector, num_sectors);
}
static void badblocks_populate(struct list_head *poison_list,
struct badblocks *bb, const struct resource *res)
{
struct nd_poison *pl;
if (list_empty(poison_list))
return;
list_for_each_entry(pl, poison_list, list) {
u64 pl_end = pl->start + pl->length - 1;
/* Discard intervals with no intersection */
if (pl_end < res->start)
continue;
if (pl->start > res->end)
continue;
/* Deal with any overlap after start of the namespace */
if (pl->start >= res->start) {
u64 start = pl->start;
u64 len;
if (pl_end <= res->end)
len = pl->length;
else
len = res->start + resource_size(res)
- pl->start;
__add_badblock_range(bb, start - res->start, len);
continue;
}
/* Deal with overlap for poison starting before the namespace */
if (pl->start < res->start) {
u64 len;
if (pl_end < res->end)
len = pl->start + pl->length - res->start;
else
len = resource_size(res);
__add_badblock_range(bb, 0, len);
}
}
}
/**
* nvdimm_badblocks_populate() - Convert a list of poison ranges to badblocks
* @region: parent region of the range to interrogate
* @bb: badblocks instance to populate
* @res: resource range to consider
*
* The poison list generated during bus initialization may contain
* multiple, possibly overlapping physical address ranges. Compare each
* of these ranges to the resource range currently being initialized,
* and add badblocks entries for all matching sub-ranges
*/
void nvdimm_badblocks_populate(struct nd_region *nd_region,
struct badblocks *bb, const struct resource *res)
{
struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus;
struct list_head *poison_list;
if (!is_memory(&nd_region->dev)) {
dev_WARN_ONCE(&nd_region->dev, 1,
"%s only valid for pmem regions\n", __func__);
return;
}
nvdimm_bus = walk_to_nvdimm_bus(&nd_region->dev);
poison_list = &nvdimm_bus->poison_list;
nvdimm_bus_lock(&nvdimm_bus->dev);
badblocks_populate(poison_list, bb, res);
nvdimm_bus_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->dev);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_badblocks_populate);
static void append_poison_entry(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus,
struct nd_poison *pl, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
lockdep_assert_held(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
pl->start = addr;
pl->length = length;
list_add_tail(&pl->list, &nvdimm_bus->poison_list);
}
static int add_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr, u64 length,
gfp_t flags)
{
struct nd_poison *pl;
pl = kzalloc(sizeof(*pl), flags);
if (!pl)
return -ENOMEM;
append_poison_entry(nvdimm_bus, pl, addr, length);
return 0;
}
static int bus_add_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
struct nd_poison *pl, *pl_new;
spin_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
pl_new = kzalloc(sizeof(*pl_new), GFP_KERNEL);
spin_lock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
if (list_empty(&nvdimm_bus->poison_list)) {
if (!pl_new)
return -ENOMEM;
append_poison_entry(nvdimm_bus, pl_new, addr, length);
return 0;
}
/*
* There is a chance this is a duplicate, check for those first.
* This will be the common case as ARS_STATUS returns all known
* errors in the SPA space, and we can't query it per region
*/
list_for_each_entry(pl, &nvdimm_bus->poison_list, list)
if (pl->start == addr) {
/* If length has changed, update this list entry */
if (pl->length != length)
pl->length = length;
kfree(pl_new);
return 0;
}
/*
* If not a duplicate or a simple length update, add the entry as is,
* as any overlapping ranges will get resolved when the list is consumed
* and converted to badblocks
*/
if (!pl_new)
return -ENOMEM;
append_poison_entry(nvdimm_bus, pl_new, addr, length);
return 0;
}
int nvdimm_bus_add_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr, u64 length)
{
int rc;
spin_lock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
rc = bus_add_poison(nvdimm_bus, addr, length);
spin_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_bus_add_poison);
void nvdimm_forget_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, phys_addr_t start,
unsigned int len)
{
struct list_head *poison_list = &nvdimm_bus->poison_list;
u64 clr_end = start + len - 1;
struct nd_poison *pl, *next;
spin_lock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
WARN_ON_ONCE(list_empty(poison_list));
/*
* [start, clr_end] is the poison interval being cleared.
* [pl->start, pl_end] is the poison_list entry we're comparing
* the above interval against. The poison list entry may need
* to be modified (update either start or length), deleted, or
* split into two based on the overlap characteristics
*/
list_for_each_entry_safe(pl, next, poison_list, list) {
u64 pl_end = pl->start + pl->length - 1;
/* Skip intervals with no intersection */
if (pl_end < start)
continue;
if (pl->start > clr_end)
continue;
/* Delete completely overlapped poison entries */
if ((pl->start >= start) && (pl_end <= clr_end)) {
list_del(&pl->list);
kfree(pl);
continue;
}
/* Adjust start point of partially cleared entries */
if ((start <= pl->start) && (clr_end > pl->start)) {
pl->length -= clr_end - pl->start + 1;
pl->start = clr_end + 1;
continue;
}
/* Adjust pl->length for partial clearing at the tail end */
if ((pl->start < start) && (pl_end <= clr_end)) {
/* pl->start remains the same */
pl->length = start - pl->start;
continue;
}
/*
* If clearing in the middle of an entry, we split it into
* two by modifying the current entry to represent one half of
* the split, and adding a new entry for the second half.
*/
if ((pl->start < start) && (pl_end > clr_end)) {
u64 new_start = clr_end + 1;
u64 new_len = pl_end - new_start + 1;
/* Add new entry covering the right half */
add_poison(nvdimm_bus, new_start, new_len, GFP_NOWAIT);
/* Adjust this entry to cover the left half */
pl->length = start - pl->start;
continue;
}
}
spin_unlock(&nvdimm_bus->poison_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_forget_poison);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvdimm_bus_add_badrange);
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY
int nd_integrity_init(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned long meta_size)

Просмотреть файл

@ -29,10 +29,9 @@ struct nvdimm_bus {
struct list_head list;
struct device dev;
int id, probe_active;
struct list_head poison_list;
struct list_head mapping_list;
struct mutex reconfig_mutex;
spinlock_t poison_lock;
struct badrange badrange;
};
struct nvdimm {

Просмотреть файл

@ -34,12 +34,6 @@ enum {
NVDIMM_IO_ATOMIC = 1,
};
struct nd_poison {
u64 start;
u64 length;
struct list_head list;
};
struct nvdimm_drvdata {
struct device *dev;
int nslabel_size;

Просмотреть файл

@ -18,6 +18,18 @@
#include <linux/sizes.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/uuid.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
struct badrange_entry {
u64 start;
u64 length;
struct list_head list;
};
struct badrange {
struct list_head list;
spinlock_t lock;
};
enum {
/* when a dimm supports both PMEM and BLK access a label is required */
@ -129,9 +141,12 @@ static inline struct nd_blk_region_desc *to_blk_region_desc(
}
int nvdimm_bus_add_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr, u64 length);
void nvdimm_forget_poison(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus,
phys_addr_t start, unsigned int len);
void badrange_init(struct badrange *badrange);
int badrange_add(struct badrange *badrange, u64 addr, u64 length);
void badrange_forget(struct badrange *badrange, phys_addr_t start,
unsigned int len);
int nvdimm_bus_add_badrange(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus, u64 addr,
u64 length);
struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus_register(struct device *parent,
struct nvdimm_bus_descriptor *nfit_desc);
void nvdimm_bus_unregister(struct nvdimm_bus *nvdimm_bus);

Просмотреть файл

@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ libnvdimm-y += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/region_devs.o
libnvdimm-y += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/region.o
libnvdimm-y += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/namespace_devs.o
libnvdimm-y += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/label.o
libnvdimm-y += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/badrange.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_ND_CLAIM) += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/claim.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_BTT) += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/btt_devs.o
libnvdimm-$(CONFIG_NVDIMM_PFN) += $(NVDIMM_SRC)/pfn_devs.o