From e2414f4c20bd4dc62186fbfd7bdec50bce6d2ead Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Brian Norris Date: Mon, 6 Feb 2012 13:44:00 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] mtd: nand: write BBM to OOB even with flash-based BBT Currently, the flash-based BBT implementation writes bad block data only to its flash-based table and not to the OOB marker area. Then, as new bad blocks are marked over time, the OOB markers become incomplete and the flash-based table becomes the only source of current bad block information. This becomes an obvious problem when, for example: * bootloader cannot read the flash-based BBT format * BBT is corrupted and the flash must be rescanned for bad blocks; we want to remember bad blocks that were marked from Linux So to keep the bad block markers in sync with the flash-based BBT, this patch changes the default so that we write bad block markers to the proper OOB area on each block in addition to flash-based BBT. Comments are updated, expanded, and/or relocated as necessary. The new flash-based BBT procedure for marking bad blocks: (1) erase the affected block, to allow OOB marker to be written cleanly (2) update in-memory BBT (3) write bad block marker to OOB area of affected block (4) update flash-based BBT Note that we retain the first error encountered in (3) or (4), finish the procedures, and dump the error in the end. This should handle power cuts gracefully enough. (1) and (2) are mostly harmless (note that (1) will not erase an already-recognized bad block). The OOB and BBT may be "out of sync" if we experience power loss bewteen (3) and (4), but we can reasonably expect that on next boot, subsequent I/O operations will discover that the block should be marked bad again, thus re-syncing the OOB and BBT. Note that this is a change from the previous default flash-based BBT behavior. If your system cannot support writing bad block markers to OOB, use the new NAND_BBT_NO_OOB_BBM option (in combination with NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH and NAND_BBT_NO_OOB). Signed-off-by: Brian Norris Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse --- drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------ include/linux/mtd/bbm.h | 5 ++++ 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c index 05f8243ed1d3..13a56d3e8aec 100644 --- a/drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c +++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.c @@ -392,15 +392,23 @@ static int nand_block_bad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, int getchip) * @ofs: offset from device start * * This is the default implementation, which can be overridden by a hardware - * specific driver. + * specific driver. We try operations in the following order, according to our + * bbt_options (NAND_BBT_NO_OOB_BBM and NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH): + * (1) erase the affected block, to allow OOB marker to be written cleanly + * (2) update in-memory BBT + * (3) write bad block marker to OOB area of affected block + * (4) update flash-based BBT + * Note that we retain the first error encountered in (3) or (4), finish the + * procedures, and dump the error in the end. */ static int nand_default_block_markbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs) { struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv; uint8_t buf[2] = { 0, 0 }; - int block, ret, i = 0; + int block, res, ret = 0, i = 0; + int write_oob = !(chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB_BBM); - if (!(chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH)) { + if (write_oob) { struct erase_info einfo; /* Attempt erase before marking OOB */ @@ -413,23 +421,17 @@ static int nand_default_block_markbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs) /* Get block number */ block = (int)(ofs >> chip->bbt_erase_shift); + /* Mark block bad in memory-based BBT */ if (chip->bbt) chip->bbt[block >> 2] |= 0x01 << ((block & 0x03) << 1); - /* Do we have a flash based bad block table? */ - if (chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) - ret = nand_update_bbt(mtd, ofs); - else { + /* Write bad block marker to OOB */ + if (write_oob) { struct mtd_oob_ops ops; loff_t wr_ofs = ofs; nand_get_device(chip, mtd, FL_WRITING); - /* - * Write to first/last page(s) if necessary. If we write to more - * than one location, the first error encountered quits the - * procedure. - */ ops.datbuf = NULL; ops.oobbuf = buf; ops.ooboffs = chip->badblockpos; @@ -441,18 +443,28 @@ static int nand_default_block_markbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs) } ops.mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB; + /* Write to first/last page(s) if necessary */ if (chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_SCANLASTPAGE) wr_ofs += mtd->erasesize - mtd->writesize; do { - ret = nand_do_write_oob(mtd, wr_ofs, &ops); + res = nand_do_write_oob(mtd, wr_ofs, &ops); + if (!ret) + ret = res; i++; wr_ofs += mtd->writesize; - } while (!ret && (chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE) && - i < 2); + } while ((chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE) && i < 2); nand_release_device(mtd); } + + /* Update flash-based bad block table */ + if (chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH) { + res = nand_update_bbt(mtd, ofs); + if (!ret) + ret = res; + } + if (!ret) mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++; @@ -3260,6 +3272,10 @@ int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd) int i; struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv; + /* New bad blocks should be marked in OOB, flash-based BBT, or both */ + BUG_ON((chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_NO_OOB_BBM) && + !(chip->bbt_options & NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH)); + if (!(chip->options & NAND_OWN_BUFFERS)) chip->buffers = kmalloc(sizeof(*chip->buffers), GFP_KERNEL); if (!chip->buffers) diff --git a/include/linux/mtd/bbm.h b/include/linux/mtd/bbm.h index c4eec228eef9..650ef352f045 100644 --- a/include/linux/mtd/bbm.h +++ b/include/linux/mtd/bbm.h @@ -112,6 +112,11 @@ struct nand_bbt_descr { #define NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH 0x00020000 /* Do not store flash based bad block table in OOB area; store it in-band */ #define NAND_BBT_NO_OOB 0x00040000 +/* + * Do not write new bad block markers to OOB; useful, e.g., when ECC covers + * entire spare area. Must be used with NAND_BBT_USE_FLASH. + */ +#define NAND_BBT_NO_OOB_BBM 0x00080000 /* * Flag set by nand_create_default_bbt_descr(), marking that the nand_bbt_descr