[ Upstream commit c8931ef55bd325052ec496f242aea7f6de47dc9c ]
Struct uvc_frame and interval (u32*) are packaged together on
streaming->formats on a single contiguous allocation.
Right now they are allocated right after uvc_format, without taking into
consideration their required alignment.
This is working fine because both structures have a field with a
pointer, but it will stop working when the sizeof() of any of those
structs is not a multiple of the sizeof(void*).
Enforce that alignment during the allocation.
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240404-uvc-align-v2-1-9e104b0ecfbd@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 0c84bde4f37ba27d50e4c70ecacd33fe4a57030d upstream.
This reverts commit 2052138b7da52ad5ccaf74f736d00f39a1c9198c.
This breaks the TeVii s480 dual DVB-S2 S660. The device has a bulk in
endpoint but no corresponding out endpoint, so the device does not pass
the "has both receive and send bulk endpoint" test.
Seemingly this device does not use dvb_usb_generic_rw() so I have tried
removing the generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint entry, but this resulted in
different problems.
As we have no explanation yet, revert.
$ dmesg | grep -i -e dvb -e dw21 -e usb\ 4
[ 0.999122] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
[ 1.023123] usb 4-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
[ 1.130247] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=9022, idProduct=d482,
+bcdDevice= 0.01
[ 1.130257] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.152323] usb 4-1: New USB device found, idVendor=9022, idProduct=d481,
+bcdDevice= 0.01
[ 1.152329] usb 4-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 6.701033] dvb-usb: found a 'TeVii S480.2 USB' in cold state, will try to
+load a firmware
[ 6.701178] dvb-usb: downloading firmware from file 'dvb-usb-s660.fw'
[ 6.701179] dw2102: start downloading DW210X firmware
[ 6.703715] dvb-usb: found a 'Microsoft Xbox One Digital TV Tuner' in cold
+state, will try to load a firmware
[ 6.703974] dvb-usb: downloading firmware from file 'dvb-usb-dib0700-1.20.fw'
[ 6.756432] usb 1-1: USB disconnect, device number 2
[ 6.862119] dvb-usb: found a 'TeVii S480.2 USB' in warm state.
[ 6.862194] dvb-usb: TeVii S480.2 USB error while loading driver (-22)
[ 6.862209] dvb-usb: found a 'TeVii S480.1 USB' in cold state, will try to
+load a firmware
[ 6.862244] dvb-usb: downloading firmware from file 'dvb-usb-s660.fw'
[ 6.862245] dw2102: start downloading DW210X firmware
[ 6.914811] usb 4-1: USB disconnect, device number 2
[ 7.014131] dvb-usb: found a 'TeVii S480.1 USB' in warm state.
[ 7.014487] dvb-usb: TeVii S480.1 USB error while loading driver (-22)
[ 7.014538] usbcore: registered new interface driver dw2102
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/stable/20240801165146.38991f60@mir/
Fixes: 2052138b7da5 ("media: dvb-usb: Fix unexpected infinite loop in dvb_usb_read_remote_control()")
Reported-by: Stefan Lippers-Hollmann <s.l-h@gmx.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Young <sean@mess.org>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 9e3d55fbd160b3ca376599a68b4cddfdc67d4153 ]
The bandwidth fixup quirk doesn't know that SuperSpeed exists and has
the same 8 service intervals per millisecond as High Speed, hence its
calculations are wrong.
Assume that all speeds from HS up use 8 intervals per millisecond.
No further changes are needed, updated code has been confirmed to work
with all speeds from FS to SS.
Signed-off-by: Michal Pecio <michal.pecio@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240414190040.2255a0bc@foxbook
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 5cd7c25f6f0576073b3d03bc4cfb1e8ca63a1195 ]
Some SunplusIT cameras took a borderline interpretation of the UVC 1.5
standard, and fill the PTS and SCR fields with invalid data if the
package does not contain data.
"STC must be captured when the first video data of a video frame is put
on the USB bus."
Some SunplusIT devices send, e.g.,
buffer: 0xa7755c00 len 000012 header:0x8c stc 00000000 sof 0000 pts 00000000
buffer: 0xa7755c00 len 000012 header:0x8c stc 00000000 sof 0000 pts 00000000
buffer: 0xa7755c00 len 000668 header:0x8c stc 73779dba sof 070c pts 7376d37a
While the UVC specification meant that the first two packets shouldn't
have had the SCR bit set in the header.
This borderline/buggy interpretation has been implemented in a variety
of devices, from directly SunplusIT and from other OEMs that rebrand
SunplusIT products. So quirking based on VID:PID will be problematic.
All the affected modules have the following extension unit:
VideoControl Interface Descriptor:
guidExtensionCode {82066163-7050-ab49-b8cc-b3855e8d221d}
But the vendor plans to use that GUID in the future and fix the bug,
this means that we should use heuristic to figure out the broken
packets.
This patch takes care of this.
lsusb of one of the affected cameras:
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 1bcf:2a01 Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc.
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.01
bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device
bDeviceSubClass 2 ?
bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x1bcf Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc.
idProduct 0x2a01
bcdDevice 0.02
iManufacturer 1 SunplusIT Inc
iProduct 2 HanChen Wise Camera
iSerial 3 01.00.00
bNumConfigurations 1
Tested-by: HungNien Chen <hn.chen@sunplusit.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Tomasz Figa <tfiga@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240323-resend-hwtimestamp-v10-2-b08e590d97c7@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 86419686e66da5b90a07fb8a40ab138fe97189b5 ]
When the UVC device has a control that is readonly it doesn't set the
SET_CUR flag. For example the privacy control has SET_CUR flag set in
the defaults in the `uvc_ctrls` variable. Even if the device does not
have it set, it's not cleared by uvc_ctrl_get_flags().
Originally written with assignment in commit 859086ae36 ("media:
uvcvideo: Apply flags from device to actual properties"). But changed to
|= in commit 0dc68cabdb ("media: uvcvideo: Prevent setting unavailable
flags"). It would not clear the default flags.
With this patch applied the correct flags are reported to user space.
Tested with:
```
> v4l2-ctl --list-ctrls | grep privacy
privacy 0x009a0910 (bool) : default=0 value=0 flags=read-only
```
Signed-off-by: Daniel Schaefer <dhs@frame.work>
Fixes: 0dc68cabdb ("media: uvcvideo: Prevent setting unavailable flags")
Reviewed-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240602065053.36850-1-dhs@frame.work
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 2052138b7da52ad5ccaf74f736d00f39a1c9198c ]
Infinite log printing occurs during fuzz test:
rc rc1: DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T USB (LGZ201) as ...
...
dvb-usb: schedule remote query interval to 100 msecs.
dvb-usb: DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T USB (LGZ201) successfully initialized ...
dvb-usb: bulk message failed: -22 (1/0)
dvb-usb: bulk message failed: -22 (1/0)
dvb-usb: bulk message failed: -22 (1/0)
...
dvb-usb: bulk message failed: -22 (1/0)
Looking into the codes, there is a loop in dvb_usb_read_remote_control(),
that is in rc_core_dvb_usb_remote_init() create a work that will call
dvb_usb_read_remote_control(), and this work will reschedule itself at
'rc_interval' intervals to recursively call dvb_usb_read_remote_control(),
see following code snippet:
rc_core_dvb_usb_remote_init() {
...
INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&d->rc_query_work, dvb_usb_read_remote_control);
schedule_delayed_work(&d->rc_query_work,
msecs_to_jiffies(rc_interval));
...
}
dvb_usb_read_remote_control() {
...
err = d->props.rc.core.rc_query(d);
if (err)
err(...) // Did not return even if query failed
schedule_delayed_work(&d->rc_query_work,
msecs_to_jiffies(rc_interval));
}
When the infinite log printing occurs, the query callback
'd->props.rc.core.rc_query' is cxusb_rc_query(). And the log is due to
the failure of finding a valid 'generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint'
in usb_bulk_msg(), see following code snippet:
cxusb_rc_query() {
cxusb_ctrl_msg() {
dvb_usb_generic_rw() {
ret = usb_bulk_msg(d->udev, usb_sndbulkpipe(d->udev,
d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint),...);
if (ret)
err("bulk message failed: %d (%d/%d)",ret,wlen,actlen);
...
}
...
}
By analyzing the corresponding USB descriptor, it shows that the
bNumEndpoints is 0 in its interface descriptor, but
the 'generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint' is 1, that means user don't configure
a valid endpoint for 'generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint', therefore this
'invalid' USB device should be rejected before it calls into
dvb_usb_read_remote_control().
To fix it, we need to add endpoint check for 'generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint'.
And as Sean suggested, the same check and clear halts should be done for
'generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint_response'. So introduce
dvb_usb_check_bulk_endpoint() to do it for both of them.
Fixes: 4d43e13f72 ("V4L/DVB (4643): Multi-input patch for DVB-USB device")
Signed-off-by: Zheng Yejian <zhengyejian1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Young <sean@mess.org>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 1c73d0b29d04bf4082e7beb6a508895e118ee30d upstream.
As pointed by smatch:
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dw2102.c:802 su3000_i2c_transfer() error: __builtin_memcpy() '&state->data[4]' too small (64 vs 67)
That seemss to be due to a wrong copy-and-paste.
Fixes: 0e148a522b84 ("media: dw2102: Don't translate i2c read into write")
Reported-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>
Reviewed-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 6cff72f6bcee89228a662435b7c47e21a391c8d0 ]
Use an API that resembles more the actual use of num_channels.
Found by cocci:
drivers/media/usb/s2255/s2255drv.c:2362:5-24: WARNING: atomic_dec_and_test variation before object free at line 2363.
drivers/media/usb/s2255/s2255drv.c:1557:5-24: WARNING: atomic_dec_and_test variation before object free at line 1558.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20240429-fix-cocci-v3-11-3c4865f5a4b0@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 0e148a522b8453115038193e19ec7bea71403e4a ]
The code ignored the I2C_M_RD flag on I2C messages. Instead it assumed
an i2c transaction with a single message must be a write operation and a
transaction with two messages would be a read operation.
Though this works for the driver code, it leads to problems once the i2c
device is exposed to code not knowing this convention. For example,
I did "insmod i2c-dev" and issued read requests from userspace, which
were translated into write requests and destroyed the EEPROM of my
device.
So, just check and respect the I2C_M_READ flag, which indicates a read
when set on a message. If it is absent, it is a write message.
Incidentally, changing from the case statement to a while loop allows
the code to lift the limitation to two i2c messages per transaction.
There are 4 more *_i2c_transfer functions affected by the same behaviour
and limitation that should be fixed in the same way.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20220116112238.74171-2-micha@freedict.org
Signed-off-by: Michael Bunk <micha@freedict.org>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 4b267c23ee064bd24c6933df0588ad1b6e111145 ]
Add missing release_firmware on the error paths.
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dib0700_devices.c:2415 stk9090m_frontend_attach() warn: 'state->frontend_firmware' from request_firmware() not released on lines: 2415.
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb/dib0700_devices.c:2497 nim9090md_frontend_attach() warn: 'state->frontend_firmware' from request_firmware() not released on lines: 2489,2497.
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit f62dc8f6bf82d1b307fc37d8d22cc79f67856c2f ]
Commit d725d20e81 ("media: flexcop-usb: sanity checking of endpoint type
") adds a sanity check for endpoint[1], but fails to modify the sanity
check of bNumEndpoints.
Fix this by modifying the sanity check of bNumEndpoints to 2.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20220602055027.849014-1-dzm91@hust.edu.cn
Fixes: d725d20e81 ("media: flexcop-usb: sanity checking of endpoint type")
Signed-off-by: Dongliang Mu <mudongliangabcd@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 3de50478b5 ]
Add a temporary variable to make the endpoint sanity checks a bit more
readable.
While at it, fix a typo in the usb_set_interface() comment.
Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220822151456.27178-2-johan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Stable-dep-of: f62dc8f6bf82 ("media: flexcop-usb: fix sanity check of bNumEndpoints")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit faa4364bef2ec0060de381ff028d1d836600a381 ]
The subtract in this condition is reversed. The ->length is the length
of the buffer. The ->bytesused is how many bytes we have copied thus
far. When the condition is reversed that means the result of the
subtraction is always negative but since it's unsigned then the result
is a very high positive value. That means the overflow check is never
true.
Additionally, the ->bytesused doesn't actually work for this purpose
because we're not writing to "buf->mem + buf->bytesused". Instead, the
math to calculate the destination where we are writing is a bit
involved. You calculate the number of full lines already written,
multiply by two, skip a line if necessary so that we start on an odd
numbered line, and add the offset into the line.
To fix this buffer overflow, just take the actual destination where we
are writing, if the offset is already out of bounds print an error and
return. Otherwise, write up to buf->length bytes.
Fixes: 9cb2173e6e ("[media] media: Add stk1160 new driver (easycap replacement)")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b9b683844b01d171a72b9c0419a2d760d946ee12 ]
In go7007_load_encoder, bounce(i.e. go->boot_fw), is allocated without
a deallocation thereafter. After the following call chain:
saa7134_go7007_init
|-> go7007_boot_encoder
|-> go7007_load_encoder
|-> kfree(go)
go is freed and thus bounce is leaked.
Fixes: 95ef39403f ("[media] go7007: remember boot firmware")
Signed-off-by: Zhipeng Lu <alexious@zju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 30baa4a96b23add91a87305baaeba82c4e109e1f ]
clang-16 complains about a control flow integrity (KCFI) issue in pvrusb2,
which casts three different prototypes into pvr2_stream_callback:
drivers/media/usb/pvrusb2/pvrusb2-v4l2.c:1070:30: error: cast from 'void (*)(struct pvr2_v4l2_fh *)' to 'pvr2_stream_callback' (aka 'void (*)(void *)') converts to incompatible function type [-Werror,-Wcast-function-type-strict]
1070 | pvr2_stream_set_callback(sp,(pvr2_stream_callback)pvr2_v4l2_notify,fh);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
drivers/media/usb/pvrusb2/pvrusb2-context.c:110:6: error: cast from 'void (*)(struct pvr2_context *)' to 'void (*)(void *)' converts to incompatible function type [-Werror,-Wcast-function-type-strict]
110 | (void (*)(void *))pvr2_context_notify,
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
drivers/media/usb/pvrusb2/pvrusb2-dvb.c:152:6: error: cast from 'void (*)(struct pvr2_dvb_adapter *)' to 'pvr2_stream_callback' (aka 'void (*)(void *)') converts to incompatible function type [-Werror,-Wcast-function-type-strict]
152 | (pvr2_stream_callback) pvr2_dvb_notify, adap);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Change the functions to actually take a void* argument so the cast is no longer
needed.
Fixes: bb8ce9d914 ("V4L/DVB (7682): pvrusb2-dvb: finish up stream & buffer handling")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 95ac1210fb2753f968ebce0730d4fbc553c2a3dc ]
Pointer dip->stream cannot be NULL due to a shift, thus remove redundant
NULL check.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
Fixes: c74e006268 ("V4L/DVB (5059): Pvrusb2: Be smarter about mode restoration")
Signed-off-by: Daniil Dulov <d.dulov@aladdin.ru>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 0b70530ee740861f4776ff724fcc25023df1799a ]
If go7007_read_addr() returns error channel is not assigned a value.
In this case go to allocfail.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
Fixes: 866b8695d6 ("Staging: add the go7007 video driver")
Signed-off-by: Daniil Dulov <d.dulov@aladdin.ru>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit fd61d77a3d28444b2635f0c8b5a2ecd6a4d94026 ]
Static analyzers generate alerts for an unchecked call to
`media_device_register()`. However, in this case, the device will work
reliably without the media controller API.
Add a comment above the call to prevent future unnecessary changes.
Suggested-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Fixes: 37ecc7b127 ("[media] em28xx: add media controller support")
Signed-off-by: Nikita Zhandarovich <n.zhandarovich@fintech.ru>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b3695e86d25aafbe175dd51f6aaf6f68d341d590 ]
The function stk1160_dbg gets called too many times, which causes
the output to get flooded with messages. Since stk1160_dbg uses
printk, it is now replaced with printk_ratelimited.
Suggested-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ghanshyam Agrawal <ghanshyam1898@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 5d3c8990e2bbf929cb211563dadd70708f42e4e6 ]
The dma_q->p_left_data alloced by kzalloc should be freed in all the
following error handling paths. However, it hasn't been freed in the
allocation error paths of dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.urb and
dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.transfer_buffer.
On the other hand, the dma_q->p_left_data did be freed in the
error-handling paths after that of dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.urb and
dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.transfer_buffer, by calling
cx231xx_uninit_isoc(dev). So the same free operation should be done in
error-handling paths of those two allocation.
Fixes: 64fbf44455 ("[media] cx231xx: Added support for Carraera, Shelby, RDx_253S and VIDEO_GRABBER")
Signed-off-by: Zhipeng Lu <alexious@zju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit ded85b0c0edd8f45fec88783d7555a5b982449c1 ]
Upon module load, a kthread is created targeting the
pvr2_context_thread_func function, which may call pvr2_context_destroy
and thus call kfree() on the context object. However, that might happen
before the usb hub_event handler is able to notify the driver. This
patch adds a sanity check before the invalid read reported by syzbot,
within the context disconnection call stack.
Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot+621409285c4156a009b3@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/000000000000a02a4205fff8eb92@google.com/
Fixes: e5be15c638 ("V4L/DVB (7711): pvrusb2: Fix race on module unload")
Signed-off-by: Ricardo B. Marliere <ricardo@marliere.net>
Acked-by: Mike Isely <isely@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 099be1822d1f095433f4b08af9cc9d6308ec1953 ]
Syzkaller reported the following issue:
UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in drivers/media/usb/gspca/cpia1.c:1031:27
shift exponent 245 is too large for 32-bit type 'int'
When the value of the variable "sd->params.exposure.gain" exceeds the
number of bits in an integer, a shift-out-of-bounds error is reported. It
is triggered because the variable "currentexp" cannot be left-shifted by
more than the number of bits in an integer. In order to avoid invalid
range during left-shift, the conditional expression is added.
Reported-by: syzbot+e27f3dbdab04e43b9f73@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230818164522.12806-1-coolrrsh@gmail.com
Link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=e27f3dbdab04e43b9f73
Signed-off-by: Rajeshwar R Shinde <coolrrsh@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit f31b2cb85f0ee165d78e1c43f6d69f82cc3b2145 ]
Instead of returning an error, goto the mutex unlock at
the end of the function.
Fixes smatch warning:
drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c:467 af9035_i2c_master_xfer() warn: inconsistent returns '&d->i2c_mutex'.
Locked on : 326,387
Unlocked on: 465,467
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Fixes: 7bf744f2de ("media: dvb-usb-v2: af9035: Fix null-ptr-deref in af9035_i2c_master_xfer")
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b97719a669 ]
In gl861_i2c_master_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach gl861_i2c_master_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 1047f93430 ]
In az6007_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach az6007_i2c_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit c30411266f ]
In anysee_master_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach anysee_master_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
[hverkuil: add spaces around +]
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit f4ee84f276 ]
In af9005_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach af9005_i2c_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 5ae544d94a ]
In dw2102_i2c_transfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach dw2102_i2c_transfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 950e252cb4
("[media] dw2102: limit messages to buffer size")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 7bf744f2de ]
In af9035_i2c_master_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach af9035_i2c_master_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ moved variable declaration to fix build issues in older kernels - gregkh ]
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit f33cb49081 ]
The if statement that compares msgs[i].len != 3 is always false because
it is in a code block where msg[i].len is equal to 3. The check is
redundant and can be removed.
As detected by cppcheck static analysis:
drivers/media/usb/go7007/go7007-i2c.c:168:20: warning: Opposite inner
'if' condition leads to a dead code block. [oppositeInnerCondition]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230727174007.635572-1-colin.i.king@gmail.com
Fixes: 866b8695d6 ("Staging: add the go7007 video driver")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.i.king@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit ea9ef6c2e0 ]
'read' is freed when it is known to be NULL, but not when a read error
occurs.
Revert the logic to avoid a small leak, should a m920x_read() call fail.
Fixes: a2ab06d7c4 ("media: m920x: don't use stack on USB reads")
Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b9c7141f38 ]
The previous commit 4b208f8b56 ("[media] siano: register media controller
earlier")moves siano_media_device_register before smscore_register_device,
and adds corresponding error handling code if smscore_register_device
fails. However, it misses the following error handling code of
smsusb_init_device.
Fix this by moving error handling code at the end of smsusb_init_device
and adding a goto statement in the following error handling parts.
Fixes: 4b208f8b56 ("[media] siano: register media controller earlier")
Signed-off-by: Dongliang Mu <dzm91@hust.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 6f489a966f ]
The previous commit ebad8e731c ("media: usb: siano: Fix use after
free bugs caused by do_submit_urb") adds cancel_work_sync() in
smsusb_stop_streaming(). But smsusb_stop_streaming() may be called,
even if the work_struct surb->wq has not been initialized. As a result,
the warning will occur. One of the processes that could lead to warning
is shown below:
smsusb_probe()
smsusb_init_device()
if (!dev->in_ep || !dev->out_ep || align < 0) {
smsusb_term_device(intf);
smsusb_stop_streaming()
cancel_work_sync(&dev->surbs[i].wq);
__cancel_work_timer()
__flush_work()
if (WARN_ON(!work->func)) // work->func is null
The log reported by syzbot is shown below:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 897 at kernel/workqueue.c:3066 __flush_work+0x798/0xa80 kernel/workqueue.c:3063
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 897 Comm: kworker/0:2 Not tainted 6.2.0-rc1-syzkaller #0
RIP: 0010:__flush_work+0x798/0xa80 kernel/workqueue.c:3066
...
RSP: 0018:ffffc9000464ebf8 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 1ffff11002dbb420 RBX: 0000000000000021 RCX: 1ffffffff204fa4e
RDX: dffffc0000000000 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff888016dda0e8
RBP: ffffc9000464ed98 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffffff90253b2f
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff888016dda0e8
R13: ffff888016dda0e8 R14: ffff888016dda100 R15: 0000000000000001
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880b9a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007ffd4331efe8 CR3: 000000000b48e000 CR4: 00000000003506f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__cancel_work_timer+0x315/0x460 kernel/workqueue.c:3160
smsusb_stop_streaming drivers/media/usb/siano/smsusb.c:182 [inline]
smsusb_term_device+0xda/0x2d0 drivers/media/usb/siano/smsusb.c:344
smsusb_init_device+0x400/0x9ce drivers/media/usb/siano/smsusb.c:419
smsusb_probe+0xbbd/0xc55 drivers/media/usb/siano/smsusb.c:567
...
This patch adds check before cancel_work_sync(). If surb->wq has not
been initialized, the cancel_work_sync() will not be executed.
Reported-by: syzbot+27b0b464864741b18b99@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: ebad8e731c ("media: usb: siano: Fix use after free bugs caused by do_submit_urb")
Signed-off-by: Duoming Zhou <duoming@zju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit fdaca63186 ]
If az6007_read() returns error, there is no sence to continue.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
Fixes: 3af2f4f15a ("[media] az6007: Change the az6007 read/write routine parameter")
Signed-off-by: Daniil Dulov <d.dulov@aladdin.ru>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 81f3affa19 ]
When the uvcvideo driver encounters a format descriptor with an unknown
format GUID, it creates a corresponding struct uvc_format instance with
the fcc field set to 0. Since commit 50459f103e ("media: uvcvideo:
Remove format descriptions"), the driver relies on the V4L2 core to
provide the format description string, which the V4L2 core can't do
without a valid 4CC. This triggers a WARN_ON.
As a format with a zero 4CC can't be selected, it is unusable for
applications. Ignore the format completely without creating a uvc_format
instance, which fixes the warning.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=217252
Link: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2180107
Fixes: 50459f103e ("media: uvcvideo: Remove format descriptions")
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 517a281338 ]
Since dvb_frontend_detach() is not called in ttusb_dec_exit_dvb(),
which is called when the device is disconnected, dvb_frontend_free()
is not finally called.
This causes a memory leak just by repeatedly plugging and
unplugging the device.
Fix this issue by adding dvb_frontend_detach() to ttusb_dec_exit_dvb().
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20221117045925.14297-5-imv4bel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Hyunwoo Kim <imv4bel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit a3fd1ef27a ]
In su3000_read_mac_address, if i2c_transfer fails to execute two
messages, array mac address will not be initialized. Without handling
such error, later in function dvb_usb_adapter_dvb_init, proposed_mac
is accessed before initialization.
Fix this error by returning a negative value if message execution fails.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230328124416.560889-1-harperchen1110@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 9ded5bd2a4 ]
In digitv_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach digitv_i2c_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen. We add
check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76 ("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230313095008.1039689-1-harperchen1110@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit aa4a447b81 ]
In rtl28xxu_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach rtl28xxu_i2c_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76
("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/tencent_3623572106754AC2F266B316798B0F6CCA05@qq.com
Signed-off-by: Zhang Shurong <zhang_shurong@foxmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit dff9190901 ]
In ce6230_i2c_master_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf
is null and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be
passed. Malicious data finally reach ce6230_i2c_master_xfer. If accessing
msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null ptr deref would happen. We add
check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76 ("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230313092751.209496-1-harperchen1110@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit a6dcefcc08 ]
In ec168_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf is null
and msg[i].len is zero, former checks on msg[i].buf would be passed.
If accessing msg[i].buf[0] without sanity check, null pointer deref
would happen. We add check on msg[i].len to prevent crash.
Similar commit:
commit 0ed554fd76 ("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in az6027_i2c_xfer()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230313085853.3252349-1-harperchen1110@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 858e97d795 ]
In az6027_i2c_xfer, msg is controlled by user. When msg[i].buf is null,
commit 0ed554fd76 ("media: dvb-usb: az6027: fix null-ptr-deref in
az6027_i2c_xfer()") fix the null-ptr-deref bug when msg[i].addr is 0x99.
However, null-ptr-deref also happens when msg[i].addr is 0xd0 and 0xc0.
We add check on msg[i].len to prevent null-ptr-deref.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20230310165604.3093483-1-harperchen1110@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit e3a69496a1 ]
Structures passed to subdev pad operations are all zero-initialized, but
not always with the same kind of code constructs. While most drivers
used designated initializers, which zero all the fields that are not
specified, when declaring variables, some use memset(). Those two
methods lead to the same end result, and, depending on compiler
optimizations, may even be completely equivalent, but they're not
consistent.
Improve coding style consistency by using designated initializers
instead of calling memset(). Where applicable, also move the variables
to inner scopes of for loops to ensure correct initialization in all
iterations.
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Lad Prabhakar <prabhakar.csengg@gmail.com> # For am437x
Acked-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Zabel <p.zabel@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil-cisco@xs4all.nl>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 619d9b710c upstream.
usb_kill_urb warranties that all the handlers are finished when it
returns, but does not protect against threads that might be handling
asynchronously the urb.
For UVC, the function uvc_ctrl_status_event_async() takes care of
control changes asynchronously.
If the code is executed in the following order:
CPU 0 CPU 1
===== =====
uvc_status_complete()
uvc_status_stop()
uvc_ctrl_status_event_work()
uvc_status_start() -> FAIL
Then uvc_status_start will keep failing and this error will be shown:
<4>[ 5.540139] URB 0000000000000000 submitted while active
drivers/usb/core/urb.c:378 usb_submit_urb+0x4c3/0x528
Let's improve the current situation, by not re-submiting the urb if
we are stopping the status event. Also process the queued work
(if any) during stop.
CPU 0 CPU 1
===== =====
uvc_status_complete()
uvc_status_stop()
uvc_status_start()
uvc_ctrl_status_event_work() -> FAIL
Hopefully, with the usb layer protection this should be enough to cover
all the cases.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e5225c820c ("media: uvcvideo: Send a control event when a Control Change interrupt arrives")
Reviewed-by: Yunke Cao <yunkec@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit b839212988 ]
The memcpy() in uvc_video_decode_meta() intentionally copies across the
length and flags members and into the trailing buf flexible array.
Split the copy so that the compiler can better reason about (the lack
of) buffer overflows here. Avoid the run-time false positive warning:
memcpy: detected field-spanning write (size 12) of single field "&meta->length" at drivers/media/usb/uvc/uvc_video.c:1355 (size 1)
Additionally fix a typo in the documentation for struct uvc_meta_buf.
Reported-by: ionut_n2001@yahoo.com
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216810
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 4867bb590a ]
On a Webcam from Quanta, we see the following error.
usb 3-5: New USB device found, idVendor=0408, idProduct=30d2, bcdDevice= 0.03
usb 3-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
usb 3-5: Product: USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam
usb 3-5: Manufacturer: Quanta
usb 3-5: SerialNumber: 0x0001
...
uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.10 device USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam (0408:30d2)
uvcvideo: Failed to initialize entity for entity 5
uvcvideo: Failed to register entities (-22).
The Webcam reports an entity of type UVC_VC_EXTENSION_UNIT. It reports a
string index of '7' associated with that entity. The attempt to read that
string from the camera fails with error -32 (-EPIPE). usb_string() returns
that error, but it is ignored. As result, the entity name is empty. This
later causes v4l2_device_register_subdev() to return -EINVAL, and no
entities are registered as result.
While this appears to be a firmware problem with the camera, the kernel
should still handle the situation gracefully. To do that, check the return
value from usb_string(). If it reports an error, assign the entity's
default name.
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 41ddb251c6 ]
If the source entity does not contain any pads, do not create a link.
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Ricardo Ribalda
Sean Young
Michal Pecio
Daniel Schaefer
Zheng Yejian
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
Michael Bunk
Dongliang Mu
Johan Hovold
Dan Carpenter
Zhipeng Lu
Edward Adam Davis
Arnd Bergmann
Daniil Dulov
Nikita Zhandarovich
Ghanshyam Agrawal
Ricardo B. Marliere
Rajeshwar R Shinde
Hans Verkuil
Zhang Shurong
Colin Ian King
Christophe JAILLET
Dongliang Mu
Duoming Zhou
Laurent Pinchart
Hyunwoo Kim
Wei Chen
Kees Cook
Guenter Roeck