Just about every architecture defines some macros to do operations on pfns.
They're all virtually identical. This patch consolidates all of them.
One minor glitch is that at least i386 uses them in a very skeletal header
file. To keep away from #include dependency hell, I stuck the new
definitions in a new, isolated header.
Of all of the implementations, sh64 is the only one that varied by a bit.
It used some masks to ensure that any sign-extension got ripped away before
the arithmetic is done. This has been posted to that sh64 maintainers and
the development list.
Compiles on x86, x86_64, ia64 and ppc64.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Bitmap functions for the minix filesystem and the ext2 filesystem except
ext2_set_bit_atomic() and ext2_clear_bit_atomic() do not require the atomic
guarantees.
But these are defined by using atomic bit operations on several architectures.
(cris, frv, h8300, ia64, m32r, m68k, m68knommu, mips, s390, sh, sh64, sparc,
sparc64, v850, and xtensa)
This patch switches to non atomic bit operation.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <mita@miraclelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Implement the half-closed devices notifiation, by adding a new POLLRDHUP
(and its alias EPOLLRDHUP) bit to the existing poll/select sets. Since the
existing POLLHUP handling, that does not report correctly half-closed
devices, was feared to be changed, this implementation leaves the current
POLLHUP reporting unchanged and simply add a new bit that is set in the few
places where it makes sense. The same thing was discussed and conceptually
agreed quite some time ago:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2003/7/12/116
Since this new event bit is added to the existing Linux poll infrastruture,
even the existing poll/select system calls will be able to use it. As far
as the existing POLLHUP handling, the patch leaves it as is. The
pollrdhup-2.6.16.rc5-0.10.diff defines the POLLRDHUP for all the existing
archs and sets the bit in the six relevant files. The other attached diff
is the simple change required to sys/epoll.h to add the EPOLLRDHUP
definition.
There is "a stupid program" to test POLLRDHUP delivery here:
http://www.xmailserver.org/pollrdhup-test.c
It tests poll(2), but since the delivery is same epoll(2) will work equally.
Signed-off-by: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Fix and update for gcc-4.0.
- arch/m32r/kernel/signal.c:
Change type of the 8th parameter of sys_rt_sigsuspend() from
'struct pt_regs' to 'struct pt_regs *'.
This functions make use of the 'regs' parameter to return status value,
but gcc-4.0 optimizes and removes it as a dead code.
Functions, sys_sigaltstack() and sys_rt_sigreturn(), have also modified.
- arch/m32r/lib/usercopy.c, include/asm-m32r/uaccess.h:
Add early-clobber constraints('&') to output values of asm statements;
these constraints seems to be required for gcc-4.0 register assignment.
Signed-off-by: Hayato Fujiwara <fujiwara@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch fixes a bug of include/asm-m32r/system.h:__cmpxchg_u32().
static __inline__ unsigned long
__cmpxchg_u32(volatile unsigned int *p, unsigned int old, unsigned int new);
In __cmpxchg_u32(), the "old" value must not be changed to the previous "*p"
value. But the former code modifies the previous "*p" value.
A deadlock at _atomic_dec_and_lock sometimes happened due to this bug.
Signed-off-by: Hayato Fujiwara <fujiwara@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make new MADV_REMOVE, MADV_DONTFORK, MADV_DOFORK consistent across all
arches. The idea is to make it possible to use them portably even before
distros include them in libc headers.
Move common flags to asm-generic/mman.h
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@mellanox.co.il>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Currently, copy-on-write may change the physical address of a page even if the
user requested that the page is pinned in memory (either by mlock or by
get_user_pages). This happens if the process forks meanwhile, and the parent
writes to that page. As a result, the page is orphaned: in case of
get_user_pages, the application will never see any data hardware DMA's into
this page after the COW. In case of mlock'd memory, the parent is not getting
the realtime/security benefits of mlock.
In particular, this affects the Infiniband modules which do DMA from and into
user pages all the time.
This patch adds madvise options to control whether memory range is inherited
across fork. Useful e.g. for when hardware is doing DMA from/into these
pages. Could also be useful to an application wanting to speed up its forks
by cutting large areas out of consideration.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@mellanox.co.il>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
{get,put}_thread_info() were introduced in 2.5.4 and never
had been called by anything in the tree.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add per-arch sched_cacheflush() which is a write-back cacheflush used by
the migration-cost calibration code at bootup time.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Most arches copied the i386 ioctl.h. Combine them into a generic header.
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <bgerst@didntduck.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
add the per-arch mutex.h files for the remaining architectures.
We default to asm-generic/mutex-dec.h, because that performs
quite well on most arches. Arches that do not have atomic
decrement/increment instructions should switch to mutex-xchg.h
instead. Arches can also provide their own implementation for
the mutex fastpath primitives.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
add atomic_xchg() to all the architectures. Needed by the new mutex code.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Most of the architectures have the same asm/futex.h. This consolidates them
into asm-generic, with the arches including it from their own asm/futex.h.
In the case of UML, this reverts the old broken futex.h and goes back to using
the same one as almost everyone else.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Kill L1_CACHE_SHIFT from all arches. Since L1_CACHE_SHIFT_MAX is not used
anymore with the introduction of INTERNODE_CACHE, kill L1_CACHE_SHIFT_MAX.
Signed-off-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Signed-off-by: Shai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Modify _port2addr*() routines in arch/m32r/kernel/io_*.c to use
NONCACHE_OFFSET instead of hard-coding of a constant address.
This modification is also required to support an M3A-ZA36 FPGA eva board in
case an MMU-less synthesizable m32r core is used.
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch is for updating m32r's MMU-less support.
Some legacy MMU-less m32r chips cannot return from a trap handler to the
right-hand side 16-bit halfword code of a 32-bit instrucion code pair, because
a "trap" instruction specification was expanded in M32R-II ISA.
This modification forces "trap" instructions to be placed in word alignment
location with a parallel "nop" code.
Signed-off-by: Kazuhiro Inaoka <inaoka@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch is for supporting a new target platform, Renesas M32104UT
evaluation board.
The M32104UT is an eval board based on an uT-Engine specification. This board
has an MMU-less M32R family processor, M32104.
http://www-wa0.personal-media.co.jp/pmc/archive/te/te_m32104_e.pdf
This board is one of the most popular M32R platform, so we have ported
Linux/M32R to it.
Signed-off-by: Naoto Sugai <Sugai.Naoto@ak.MitsubishiElectric.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Several counters already have the need to use 64 atomic variables on 64 bit
platforms (see mm_counter_t in sched.h). We have to do ugly ifdefs to fall
back to 32 bit atomic on 32 bit platforms.
The VM statistics patch that I am working on will also make more extensive
use of atomic64.
This patch introduces a new type atomic_long_t by providing definitions in
asm-generic/atomic.h that works similar to the c "long" type. Its 32 bits
on 32 bit platforms and 64 bits on 64 bit platforms.
Also cleans up the determination of the mm_counter_t in sched.h.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Here is the patch to implement madvise(MADV_REMOVE) - which frees up a
given range of pages & its associated backing store. Current
implementation supports only shmfs/tmpfs and other filesystems return
-ENOSYS.
"Some app allocates large tmpfs files, then when some task quits and some
client disconnect, some memory can be released. However the only way to
release tmpfs-swap is to MADV_REMOVE". - Andrea Arcangeli
Databases want to use this feature to drop a section of their bufferpool
(shared memory segments) - without writing back to disk/swap space.
This feature is also useful for supporting hot-plug memory on UML.
Concerns raised by Andrew Morton:
- "We have no plan for holepunching! If we _do_ have such a plan (or
might in the future) then what would the API look like? I think
sys_holepunch(fd, start, len), so we should start out with that."
- Using madvise is very weird, because people will ask "why do I need to
mmap my file before I can stick a hole in it?"
- None of the other madvise operations call into the filesystem in this
manner. A broad question is: is this capability an MM operation or a
filesytem operation? truncate, for example, is a filesystem operation
which sometimes has MM side-effects. madvise is an mm operation and with
this patch, it gains FS side-effects, only they're really, really
significant ones."
Comments:
- Andrea suggested the fs operation too but then it's more efficient to
have it as a mm operation with fs side effects, because they don't
immediatly know fd and physical offset of the range. It's possible to
fixup in userland and to use the fs operation but it's more expensive,
the vmas are already in the kernel and we can use them.
Short term plan & Future Direction:
- We seem to need this interface only for shmfs/tmpfs files in the short
term. We have to add hooks into the filesystem for correctness and
completeness. This is what this patch does.
- In the future, plan is to support both fs and mmap apis also. This
also involves (other) filesystem specific functions to be implemented.
- Current patch doesn't support VM_NONLINEAR - which can be addressed in
the future.
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch is for supporting IDE interface for M3A-2170(Mappi-III) board.
Signed-off-by: Mamoru Sakugawa <sakugawa@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <B.Zolnierkiewicz@elka.pw.edu.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The sys_ptrace boilerplate code (everything outside the big switch
statement for the arch-specific requests) is shared by most architectures.
This patch moves it to kernel/ptrace.c and leaves the arch-specific code as
arch_ptrace.
Some architectures have a too different ptrace so we have to exclude them.
They continue to keep their implementations. For sh64 I had to add a
sh64_ptrace wrapper because it does some initialization on the first call.
For um I removed an ifdefed SUBARCH_PTRACE_SPECIAL block, but
SUBARCH_PTRACE_SPECIAL isn't defined anywhere in the tree.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Acked-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Fix more include file problems that surfaced since I submitted the previous
fix-missing-includes.patch. This should now allow not to include sched.h
from module.h, which is done by a followup patch.
Signed-off-by: Tim Schmielau <tim@physik3.uni-rostock.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
__MUTEX_INITIALIZER() has no users, and equates to the more commonly used
DECLARE_MUTEX(), thus making it pretty much redundant. Remove it for good.
Signed-off-by: Arthur Othieno <a.othieno@bluewin.ch>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch removes page_pte_prot and page_pte macros from all
architectures. Some architectures define both, some only page_pte (broken)
and others none. These macros are not used anywhere.
page_pte_prot(page, prot) is identical to mk_pte(page, prot) and
page_pte(page) is identical to page_pte_prot(page, __pgprot(0)).
* The following architectures define both page_pte_prot and page_pte
arm, arm26, ia64, sh64, sparc, sparc64
* The following architectures define only page_pte (broken)
frv, i386, m32r, mips, sh, x86-64
* All other architectures define neither
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make sure we always return, as all syscalls should. Also move the common
prototype to <linux/syscalls.h>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The following series implements memory hot-add for ppc64 and i386. There are
x86_64 and ia64 implementations that will be submitted shortly as well,
through the normal maintainers.
This patch:
local_mapnr is unused, except for in an alpha header. Keep the alpha one,
kill the rest.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
As recently done by Russell King for ARM, commit
4732efbeb9 introduces a generic asm/futex.h copied
along most arches, which includes a "-ENOSYS support" to be changed if needed.
However, it includes an unused var (taken from the "real" version) which GCC
warns about.
Remove it from all arches having that file version (i.e. same GIT id).
$ git-diff-tree -r HEAD
and
$ git-ls-tree -r HEAD include/|grep 9feff4ce14
may be more interesting than looking at the patch itself, to make sure I've
just copied the arm header to all other archs having the original dummy version
of this file.
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
As written in Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt, remove the
io_remap_page_range() kernel API.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch (written by me and also containing many suggestions of Arjan van
de Ven) does a major cleanup of the spinlock code. It does the following
things:
- consolidates and enhances the spinlock/rwlock debugging code
- simplifies the asm/spinlock.h files
- encapsulates the raw spinlock type and moves generic spinlock
features (such as ->break_lock) into the generic code.
- cleans up the spinlock code hierarchy to get rid of the spaghetti.
Most notably there's now only a single variant of the debugging code,
located in lib/spinlock_debug.c. (previously we had one SMP debugging
variant per architecture, plus a separate generic one for UP builds)
Also, i've enhanced the rwlock debugging facility, it will now track
write-owners. There is new spinlock-owner/CPU-tracking on SMP builds too.
All locks have lockup detection now, which will work for both soft and hard
spin/rwlock lockups.
The arch-level include files now only contain the minimally necessary
subset of the spinlock code - all the rest that can be generalized now
lives in the generic headers:
include/asm-i386/spinlock_types.h | 16
include/asm-x86_64/spinlock_types.h | 16
I have also split up the various spinlock variants into separate files,
making it easier to see which does what. The new layout is:
SMP | UP
----------------------------|-----------------------------------
asm/spinlock_types_smp.h | linux/spinlock_types_up.h
linux/spinlock_types.h | linux/spinlock_types.h
asm/spinlock_smp.h | linux/spinlock_up.h
linux/spinlock_api_smp.h | linux/spinlock_api_up.h
linux/spinlock.h | linux/spinlock.h
/*
* here's the role of the various spinlock/rwlock related include files:
*
* on SMP builds:
*
* asm/spinlock_types.h: contains the raw_spinlock_t/raw_rwlock_t and the
* initializers
*
* linux/spinlock_types.h:
* defines the generic type and initializers
*
* asm/spinlock.h: contains the __raw_spin_*()/etc. lowlevel
* implementations, mostly inline assembly code
*
* (also included on UP-debug builds:)
*
* linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:
* contains the prototypes for the _spin_*() APIs.
*
* linux/spinlock.h: builds the final spin_*() APIs.
*
* on UP builds:
*
* linux/spinlock_type_up.h:
* contains the generic, simplified UP spinlock type.
* (which is an empty structure on non-debug builds)
*
* linux/spinlock_types.h:
* defines the generic type and initializers
*
* linux/spinlock_up.h:
* contains the __raw_spin_*()/etc. version of UP
* builds. (which are NOPs on non-debug, non-preempt
* builds)
*
* (included on UP-non-debug builds:)
*
* linux/spinlock_api_up.h:
* builds the _spin_*() APIs.
*
* linux/spinlock.h: builds the final spin_*() APIs.
*/
All SMP and UP architectures are converted by this patch.
arm, i386, ia64, ppc, ppc64, s390/s390x, x64 was build-tested via
crosscompilers. m32r, mips, sh, sparc, have not been tested yet, but should
be mostly fine.
From: Grant Grundler <grundler@parisc-linux.org>
Booted and lightly tested on a500-44 (64-bit, SMP kernel, dual CPU).
Builds 32-bit SMP kernel (not booted or tested). I did not try to build
non-SMP kernels. That should be trivial to fix up later if necessary.
I converted bit ops atomic_hash lock to raw_spinlock_t. Doing so avoids
some ugly nesting of linux/*.h and asm/*.h files. Those particular locks
are well tested and contained entirely inside arch specific code. I do NOT
expect any new issues to arise with them.
If someone does ever need to use debug/metrics with them, then they will
need to unravel this hairball between spinlocks, atomic ops, and bit ops
that exist only because parisc has exactly one atomic instruction: LDCW
(load and clear word).
From: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
ia64 fix
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjanv@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Grant Grundler <grundler@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Signed-off-by: Mikael Pettersson <mikpe@csd.uu.se>
Signed-off-by: Benoit Boissinot <benoit.boissinot@ens-lyon.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch gathers all the struct flock64 definitions (and the operations),
puts them under !CONFIG_64BIT and cleans up the arch files.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch just gathers together all the struct flock definitions except
xtensa into asm-generic/fcntl.h.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch puts the most popular of each fcntl operation/flag into
asm-generic/fcntl.h and cleans up the arch files.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch puts the most popular of each open flag into asm-generic/fcntl.h
and cleans up the arch files.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This set of patches creates asm-generic/fcntl.h and consolidates as much as
possible from the asm-*/fcntl.h files into it.
This patch just gathers all the identical bits of the asm-*/fcntl.h files into
asm-generic/fcntl.h.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Yoichi Yuasa <yuasa@hh.iij4u.or.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
unused and useless..
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The size of auxiliary vector is fixed at 42 in linux/sched.h. But it isn't
very obvious when looking at linux/elf.h. This patch adds AT_VECTOR_SIZE
so that we can change it if necessary when a new vector is added.
Because of include file ordering problems, doing this necessitated the
extraction of the AT_* symbols into a standalone header file.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
ATM pthread_cond_signal is unnecessarily slow, because it wakes one waiter
(which at least on UP usually means an immediate context switch to one of
the waiter threads). This waiter wakes up and after a few instructions it
attempts to acquire the cv internal lock, but that lock is still held by
the thread calling pthread_cond_signal. So it goes to sleep and eventually
the signalling thread is scheduled in, unlocks the internal lock and wakes
the waiter again.
Now, before 2003-09-21 NPTL was using FUTEX_REQUEUE in pthread_cond_signal
to avoid this performance issue, but it was removed when locks were
redesigned to the 3 state scheme (unlocked, locked uncontended, locked
contended).
Following scenario shows why simply using FUTEX_REQUEUE in
pthread_cond_signal together with using lll_mutex_unlock_force in place of
lll_mutex_unlock is not enough and probably why it has been disabled at
that time:
The number is value in cv->__data.__lock.
thr1 thr2 thr3
0 pthread_cond_wait
1 lll_mutex_lock (cv->__data.__lock)
0 lll_mutex_unlock (cv->__data.__lock)
0 lll_futex_wait (&cv->__data.__futex, futexval)
0 pthread_cond_signal
1 lll_mutex_lock (cv->__data.__lock)
1 pthread_cond_signal
2 lll_mutex_lock (cv->__data.__lock)
2 lll_futex_wait (&cv->__data.__lock, 2)
2 lll_futex_requeue (&cv->__data.__futex, 0, 1, &cv->__data.__lock)
# FUTEX_REQUEUE, not FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE
2 lll_mutex_unlock_force (cv->__data.__lock)
0 cv->__data.__lock = 0
0 lll_futex_wake (&cv->__data.__lock, 1)
1 lll_mutex_lock (cv->__data.__lock)
0 lll_mutex_unlock (cv->__data.__lock)
# Here, lll_mutex_unlock doesn't know there are threads waiting
# on the internal cv's lock
Now, I believe it is possible to use FUTEX_REQUEUE in pthread_cond_signal,
but it will cost us not one, but 2 extra syscalls and, what's worse, one of
these extra syscalls will be done for every single waiting loop in
pthread_cond_*wait.
We would need to use lll_mutex_unlock_force in pthread_cond_signal after
requeue and lll_mutex_cond_lock in pthread_cond_*wait after lll_futex_wait.
Another alternative is to do the unlocking pthread_cond_signal needs to do
(the lock can't be unlocked before lll_futex_wake, as that is racy) in the
kernel.
I have implemented both variants, futex-requeue-glibc.patch is the first
one and futex-wake_op{,-glibc}.patch is the unlocking inside of the kernel.
The kernel interface allows userland to specify how exactly an unlocking
operation should look like (some atomic arithmetic operation with optional
constant argument and comparison of the previous futex value with another
constant).
It has been implemented just for ppc*, x86_64 and i?86, for other
architectures I'm including just a stub header which can be used as a
starting point by maintainers to write support for their arches and ATM
will just return -ENOSYS for FUTEX_WAKE_OP. The requeue patch has been
(lightly) tested just on x86_64, the wake_op patch on ppc64 kernel running
32-bit and 64-bit NPTL and x86_64 kernel running 32-bit and 64-bit NPTL.
With the following benchmark on UP x86-64 I get:
for i in nptl-orig nptl-requeue nptl-wake_op; do echo time elf/ld.so --library-path .:$i /tmp/bench; \
for j in 1 2; do echo ( time elf/ld.so --library-path .:$i /tmp/bench ) 2>&1; done; done
time elf/ld.so --library-path .:nptl-orig /tmp/bench
real 0m0.655s user 0m0.253s sys 0m0.403s
real 0m0.657s user 0m0.269s sys 0m0.388s
time elf/ld.so --library-path .:nptl-requeue /tmp/bench
real 0m0.496s user 0m0.225s sys 0m0.271s
real 0m0.531s user 0m0.242s sys 0m0.288s
time elf/ld.so --library-path .:nptl-wake_op /tmp/bench
real 0m0.380s user 0m0.176s sys 0m0.204s
real 0m0.382s user 0m0.175s sys 0m0.207s
The benchmark is at:
http://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2005-03/txt00001.txt
Older futex-requeue-glibc.patch version is at:
http://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2005-03/txt00002.txt
Older futex-wake_op-glibc.patch version is at:
http://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2005-03/txt00003.txt
Will post a new version (just x86-64 fixes so that the patch
applies against pthread_cond_signal.S) to libc-hacker ml soon.
Attached is the kernel FUTEX_WAKE_OP patch as well as a simple-minded
testcase that will not test the atomicity of the operation, but at least
check if the threads that should have been woken up are woken up and
whether the arithmetic operation in the kernel gave the expected results.
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Cc: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Yoichi Yuasa <yuasa@hh.iij4u.or.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is used only in slab.c and each architecture gets to define whcih
underlying type is to be used.
Seems a bit silly - move it to slab.c and use the same type for all
architectures: unsigned int.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Someone mentioned that almost all the architectures used basically the same
implementation of get_order. This patch consolidates them into
asm-generic/page.h and includes that in the appropriate places. The
exceptions are ia64 and ppc which have their own (presumably optimised)
versions.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Dave Hansen
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
Akinobu Mita
Davide Libenzi
Hirokazu Takata
Michael S. Tsirkin
Al Viro
Ingo Molnar
Brian Gerst
Arjan van de Ven
Jeff Dike
Ravikiran G Thirumalai
Christoph Lameter
Badari Pulavarty
Stephen Hemminger
Christoph Hellwig
Tim Schmielau
Arthur Othieno
Tejun Heo
Al Viro
Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso
Randy Dunlap
Stephen Rothwell
Jesper Juhl
H. J. Lu
Jakub Jelinek
Kyle Moffett