We currently insert socket dentries into the global dentry hashtable. This
is suboptimal because there is currently no way these entries can be used
for a lookup(). (/proc/xxx/fd/xxx uses a different mechanism). Inserting
them in dentry hashtable slows dcache lookups.
To let __dpath() still work correctly (ie not adding a " (deleted)") after
dentry name, we do :
- Right after d_alloc(), pretend they are hashed by clearing the
DCACHE_UNHASHED bit.
- Call d_instantiate() instead of d_add() : dentry is not inserted in
hash table.
__dpath() & friends work as intended during dentry lifetime.
- At dismantle time, once dput() must clear the dentry, setting again
DCACHE_UNHASHED bit inside the custom d_delete() function provided by
socket code, so that dput() can just kill_it.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Replace all uses of kmem_cache_t with struct kmem_cache.
The patch was generated using the following script:
#!/bin/sh
#
# Replace one string by another in all the kernel sources.
#
set -e
for file in `find * -name "*.c" -o -name "*.h"|xargs grep -l $1`; do
quilt add $file
sed -e "1,\$s/$1/$2/g" $file >/tmp/$$
mv /tmp/$$ $file
quilt refresh
done
The script was run like this
sh replace kmem_cache_t "struct kmem_cache"
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
SLAB_KERNEL is an alias of GFP_KERNEL.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch contains the scheduled removal of the frame diverter.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
File handles can be requested to send sigio and sigurg to processes. By
tracking the destination processes using struct pid instead of pid_t we make
the interface safe from all potential pid wrap around problems.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch removes readv() and writev() methods and replaces them with
aio_read()/aio_write() methods.
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch vectorizes aio_read() and aio_write() methods to prepare for
collapsing all aio & vectored operations into one interface - which is
aio_read()/aio_write().
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Michael Holzheu <HOLZHEU@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The sock_register() doesn't change the family, so the protocols can
define it read-only. No caller ever checks return value from
sock_unregister()
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Replace the gross custom locking done in socket code for net_family[]
with simple RCU usage. Some reordering necessary to avoid sleep issues
with sock_alloc.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make socket.c conform to current style:
* run through Lindent
* get rid of unneeded casts
* split assignment and comparsion where possible
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch implements wrapper functions that provide a convenient way
to access the sockets API for in-kernel users like sunrpc, cifs &
ocfs2 etc and any future users.
Signed-off-by: Sridhar Samudrala <sri@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add NetLabel support to the SELinux LSM and modify the
socket_post_create() LSM hook to return an error code. The most
significant part of this patch is the addition of NetLabel hooks into
the following SELinux LSM hooks:
* selinux_file_permission()
* selinux_socket_sendmsg()
* selinux_socket_post_create()
* selinux_socket_sock_rcv_skb()
* selinux_socket_getpeersec_stream()
* selinux_socket_getpeersec_dgram()
* selinux_sock_graft()
* selinux_inet_conn_request()
The basic reasoning behind this patch is that outgoing packets are
"NetLabel'd" by labeling their socket and the NetLabel security
attributes are checked via the additional hook in
selinux_socket_sock_rcv_skb(). NetLabel itself is only a labeling
mechanism, similar to filesystem extended attributes, it is up to the
SELinux enforcement mechanism to perform the actual access checks.
In addition to the changes outlined above this patch also includes
some changes to the extended bitmap (ebitmap) and multi-level security
(mls) code to import and export SELinux TE/MLS attributes into and out
of NetLabel.
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul.moore@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch limits the warning messages when socket allocation failures
happen. It happens under memory pressure.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <mita@miraclelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Extend the get_sb() filesystem operation to take an extra argument that
permits the VFS to pass in the target vfsmount that defines the mountpoint.
The filesystem is then required to manually set the superblock and root dentry
pointers. For most filesystems, this should be done with simple_set_mnt()
which will set the superblock pointer and then set the root dentry to the
superblock's s_root (as per the old default behaviour).
The get_sb() op now returns an integer as there's now no need to return the
superblock pointer.
This patch permits a superblock to be implicitly shared amongst several mount
points, such as can be done with NFS to avoid potential inode aliasing. In
such a case, simple_set_mnt() would not be called, and instead the mnt_root
and mnt_sb would be set directly.
The patch also makes the following changes:
(*) the get_sb_*() convenience functions in the core kernel now take a vfsmount
pointer argument and return an integer, so most filesystems have to change
very little.
(*) If one of the convenience function is not used, then get_sb() should
normally call simple_set_mnt() to instantiate the vfsmount. This will
always return 0, and so can be tail-called from get_sb().
(*) generic_shutdown_super() now calls shrink_dcache_sb() to clean up the
dcache upon superblock destruction rather than shrink_dcache_anon().
This is required because the superblock may now have multiple trees that
aren't actually bound to s_root, but that still need to be cleaned up. The
currently called functions assume that the whole tree is rooted at s_root,
and that anonymous dentries are not the roots of trees which results in
dentries being left unculled.
However, with the way NFS superblock sharing are currently set to be
implemented, these assumptions are violated: the root of the filesystem is
simply a dummy dentry and inode (the real inode for '/' may well be
inaccessible), and all the vfsmounts are rooted on anonymous[*] dentries
with child trees.
[*] Anonymous until discovered from another tree.
(*) The documentation has been adjusted, including the additional bit of
changing ext2_* into foo_* in the documentation.
[akpm@osdl.org: convert ipath_fs, do other stuff]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
On Thursday 23 March 2006 09:08, John D. Ramsdell wrote:
> I noticed that a socketcall(bind) and socketcall(connect) event contain a
> record of type=SOCKADDR, but I cannot see one for a system call event
> associated with socketcall(accept). Recording the sockaddr of an accepted
> socket is important for cross platform information flow analys
Thanks for pointing this out. The following patch should address this.
Signed-off-by: Steve Grubb <sgrubb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This applies to 2.6.17-rc2.
There is a missing initialization of err in sockfd_lookup_light() that
could return random error for an invalid file handle.
Signed-off-by: Hua Zhong <hzhong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'splice' of git://brick.kernel.dk/data/git/linux-2.6-block:
[PATCH] vfs: add splice_write and splice_read to documentation
[PATCH] Remove sys_ prefix of new syscalls from __NR_sys_*
[PATCH] splice: warning fix
[PATCH] another round of fs/pipe.c cleanups
[PATCH] splice: comment styles
[PATCH] splice: add Ingo as addition copyright holder
[PATCH] splice: unlikely() optimizations
[PATCH] splice: speedups and optimizations
[PATCH] pipe.c/fifo.c code cleanups
[PATCH] get rid of the PIPE_*() macros
[PATCH] splice: speedup __generic_file_splice_read
[PATCH] splice: add direct fd <-> fd splicing support
[PATCH] splice: add optional input and output offsets
[PATCH] introduce a "kernel-internal pipe object" abstraction
[PATCH] splice: be smarter about calling do_page_cache_readahead()
[PATCH] splice: optimize the splice buffer mapping
[PATCH] splice: cleanup __generic_file_splice_read()
[PATCH] splice: only call wake_up_interruptible() when we really have to
[PATCH] splice: potential !page dereference
[PATCH] splice: mark the io page as accessed
for_each_cpu() actually iterates across all possible CPUs. We've had mistakes
in the past where people were using for_each_cpu() where they should have been
iterating across only online or present CPUs. This is inefficient and
possibly buggy.
We're renaming for_each_cpu() to for_each_possible_cpu() to avoid this in the
future.
This patch replaces for_each_cpu with for_each_possible_cpu under /net
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
From: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
net/socket.c:148: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
extern declarations in .c files! Bad boy.
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Andi Kleen was right, fput() on sock->file will end up calling
sock_release() if necessary. So here is the rest of his version
of the fix for these leaks.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This regression was added by commit:
39d8c1b6fb
("Do not lose accepted socket when -ENFILE/-EMFILE.")
This is based upon a patch from Andi Kleen.
Thanks to Adrian Bridgett for narrowing down a good test case, and to
Andi Kleen and Andrew Morton for eyeballing this code.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This adds support for the sys_splice system call. Using a pipe as a
transport, it can connect to files or sockets (latter as output only).
From the splice.c comments:
"splice": joining two ropes together by interweaving their strands.
This is the "extended pipe" functionality, where a pipe is used as
an arbitrary in-memory buffer. Think of a pipe as a small kernel
buffer that you can use to transfer data from one end to the other.
The traditional unix read/write is extended with a "splice()" operation
that transfers data buffers to or from a pipe buffer.
Named by Larry McVoy, original implementation from Linus, extended by
Jens to support splicing to files and fixing the initial implementation
bugs.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is a conversion to make the various file_operations structs in fs/
const. Basically a regexp job, with a few manual fixups
The goal is both to increase correctness (harder to accidentally write to
shared datastructures) and reducing the false sharing of cachelines with
things that get dirty in .data (while .rodata is nicely read only and thus
cache clean)
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Rewrap the overly long source code lines resulting from the previous
patch's addition of the slab cache flag SLAB_MEM_SPREAD. This patch
contains only formatting changes, and no function change.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Mark file system inode and similar slab caches subject to SLAB_MEM_SPREAD
memory spreading.
If a slab cache is marked SLAB_MEM_SPREAD, then anytime that a task that's
in a cpuset with the 'memory_spread_slab' option enabled goes to allocate
from such a slab cache, the allocations are spread evenly over all the
memory nodes (task->mems_allowed) allowed to that task, instead of favoring
allocation on the node local to the current cpu.
The following inode and similar caches are marked SLAB_MEM_SPREAD:
file cache
==== =====
fs/adfs/super.c adfs_inode_cache
fs/affs/super.c affs_inode_cache
fs/befs/linuxvfs.c befs_inode_cache
fs/bfs/inode.c bfs_inode_cache
fs/block_dev.c bdev_cache
fs/cifs/cifsfs.c cifs_inode_cache
fs/coda/inode.c coda_inode_cache
fs/dquot.c dquot
fs/efs/super.c efs_inode_cache
fs/ext2/super.c ext2_inode_cache
fs/ext2/xattr.c (fs/mbcache.c) ext2_xattr
fs/ext3/super.c ext3_inode_cache
fs/ext3/xattr.c (fs/mbcache.c) ext3_xattr
fs/fat/cache.c fat_cache
fs/fat/inode.c fat_inode_cache
fs/freevxfs/vxfs_super.c vxfs_inode
fs/hpfs/super.c hpfs_inode_cache
fs/isofs/inode.c isofs_inode_cache
fs/jffs/inode-v23.c jffs_fm
fs/jffs2/super.c jffs2_i
fs/jfs/super.c jfs_ip
fs/minix/inode.c minix_inode_cache
fs/ncpfs/inode.c ncp_inode_cache
fs/nfs/direct.c nfs_direct_cache
fs/nfs/inode.c nfs_inode_cache
fs/ntfs/super.c ntfs_big_inode_cache_name
fs/ntfs/super.c ntfs_inode_cache
fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmfs.c dlmfs_inode_cache
fs/ocfs2/super.c ocfs2_inode_cache
fs/proc/inode.c proc_inode_cache
fs/qnx4/inode.c qnx4_inode_cache
fs/reiserfs/super.c reiser_inode_cache
fs/romfs/inode.c romfs_inode_cache
fs/smbfs/inode.c smb_inode_cache
fs/sysv/inode.c sysv_inode_cache
fs/udf/super.c udf_inode_cache
fs/ufs/super.c ufs_inode_cache
net/socket.c sock_inode_cache
net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c rpc_inode_cache
The choice of which slab caches to so mark was quite simple. I marked
those already marked SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT, except for fs/xfs, dentry_cache,
inode_cache, and buffer_head, which were marked in a previous patch. Even
though SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT is for a different purpose, it marks the same
potentially large file system i/o related slab caches as we need for memory
spreading.
Given that the rule now becomes "wherever you would have used a
SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT slab cache flag before (usually the inode cache), use
the SLAB_MEM_SPREAD flag too", this should be easy enough to maintain.
Future file system writers will just copy one of the existing file system
slab cache setups and tend to get it right without thinking.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Since the register_ioctl32_conversion() patch in the kernel is now obsolete,
provide another method to allow 32 bit user space ioctls to reach the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Shaun Pereira <spereira@tusc.com.au>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Semaphore to mutex conversion.
The conversion was generated via scripts, and the result was validated
automatically via a script as well.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Try to allocate the struct file and an unused file
descriptor before we try to pull a newly accepted
socket out of the protocol layer.
Based upon a patch by Prassana Meda.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
percpu_data blindly allocates bootmem memory to store NR_CPUS instances of
cpudata, instead of allocating memory only for possible cpus.
As a preparation for changing that, we need to convert various 0 -> NR_CPUS
loops to use for_each_cpu().
(The above only applies to users of asm-generic/percpu.h. powerpc has gone it
alone and is presently only allocating memory for present CPUs, so it's
currently corrupting memory).
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Acked-by: William Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch contains the following changes:
- add a CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT select'ed by NET_RADIO for conditional
code
- remove the now no longer required #ifdef CONFIG_NET_RADIO from some
#include's
Based on a patch by Jean Tourrilhes <jt@hpl.hp.com>.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
This removes more unneeded casts on the return value for kmalloc(),
sock_kmalloc(), and vmalloc().
Signed-off-by: Kris Katterjohn <kjak@users.sourceforge.net>
Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Currently all network protocols need to call dev_ioctl as the default
fallback in their ioctl implementations. This patch adds a fallback
to dev_ioctl to sock_ioctl if the protocol returned -ENOIOCTLCMD.
This way all the procotol ioctl handlers can be simplified and we don't
need to export dev_ioctl.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Mid-term I plan to restructure the file_operations so that we don't need
to have all these duplicate aio and vectored versions. This patch is
a small step in that direction but also a worthwile cleanup on it's own:
(1) introduce a alloc_sock_iocb helper that encapsulates allocating a
proper sock_iocb
(2) add do_sock_read and do_sock_write helpers for common read/write
code
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It needs to return zero now that it is an initcall.
Also, net/nonet.c no longer needs a dummy sock_init().
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
sock_init can be done as a core_initcall instead of calling
it directly in init/main.c
Also I removed an out of date #ifdef.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
I have been experimenting with loadable protocol modules, and ran into
several issues with module reference counting.
The first issue was that __module_get failed at the BUG_ON check at
the top of the routine (checking that my module reference count was
not zero) when I created the first socket. When sk_alloc() is called,
my module reference count was still 0. When I looked at why sctp
didn't have this problem, I discovered that sctp creates a control
socket during module init (when the module ref count is not 0), which
keeps the reference count non-zero. This section has been updated to
address the point Stephen raised about checking the return value of
try_module_get().
The next problem arose when my socket init routine returned an error.
This resulted in my module reference count being decremented below 0.
My socket ops->release routine was also being called. The issue here
is that sock_release() calls the ops->release routine and decrements
the ref count if sock->ops is not NULL. Since the socket probably
didn't get correctly initialized, this should not be done, so we will
set sock->ops to NULL because we will not call try_module_get().
While searching for another bug, I also noticed that sys_accept() has
a possibility of doing a module_put() when it did not do an
__module_get so I re-ordered the call to security_socket_accept().
Signed-off-by: Frank Filz <ffilzlnx@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It's on the stack and declared as "unsigned char[]", but pointers
and similar can be in here thus we need to give it an explicit
alignment attribute.
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When we copy 32bit ->msg_control contents to kernel, we walk the same
userland data twice without sanity checks on the second pass.
Second version of this patch: the original broke with 64-bit arches
running 32-bit-compat-mode executables doing sendmsg() syscalls with
unaligned CMSG data areas
Another thing is that we use kmalloc() to allocate and sock_kfree_s()
to free afterwards; less serious, but also needs fixing.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Avoid touching file->f_dentry on sockets, since file->private_data
directly gives us the socket pointer.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch puts mostly read only data in the right section
(read_mostly), to help sharing of these data between CPUS without
memory ping pongs.
On one of my production machine, tcp_statistics was sitting in a
heavily modified cache line, so *every* SNMP update had to force a
reload.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Of this type, mostly:
CHECK net/ipv6/netfilter.c
net/ipv6/netfilter.c:96:12: warning: symbol 'ipv6_netfilter_init' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/ipv6/netfilter.c:101:6: warning: symbol 'ipv6_netfilter_fini' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@mandriva.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Please consider the patch below which makes use of file->private_data to
store the pointer to the socket, which avoids touching several unused
cachelines in the dentry and inode in sockfd_lookup.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Small patch to save an unecessary call to strlen() : sprintf() gave us
the length, just trust it.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Josef Sipek
Eric Dumazet
Christoph Lameter
Adrian Bunk
Eric W. Biederman
Badari Pulavarty
Brian Haley
David S. Miller
Stephen Hemminger
Sridhar Samudrala
Venkat Yekkirala
Akinobu Mita
Jörn Engel
David Howells
Steve Grubb
Hua Zhong
Linus Torvalds
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
Andrew Morton
Jens Axboe
Arjan van de Ven
Paul Jackson
Shaun Pereira
Benjamin LaHaise
David S. Miller
Jeff Garzik
Kris Katterjohn
Christoph Hellwig
Andi Kleen
Frank Filz
Alex Williamson
Al Viro
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo