Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This effectively reverts the following three commits:
7bc10388cc ACPI / resources: free memory on error in add_region_before()
0f1b414d19 ACPI / PNP: Avoid conflicting resource reservations
b9a5e5e18f ACPI / init: Fix the ordering of acpi_reserve_resources()
(commit b9a5e5e18f introduced regressions some of which, but not
all, were addressed by commit 0f1b414d19 and commit 7bc10388cc
was a fixup on top of the latter) and causes ACPI fixed hardware
resources to be reserved at the fs_initcall_sync stage of system
initialization.
The story is as follows. First, a boot regression was reported due
to an apparent resource reservation ordering change after a commit
that shouldn't lead to such changes. Investigation led to the
conclusion that the problem happened because acpi_reserve_resources()
was executed at the device_initcall() stage of system initialization
which wasn't strictly ordered with respect to driver initialization
(and with respect to the initialization of the pcieport driver in
particular), so a random change causing the device initcalls to be
run in a different order might break things.
The response to that was to attempt to run acpi_reserve_resources()
as soon as we knew that ACPI would be in use (commit b9a5e5e18f).
However, that turned out to be too early, because it caused resource
reservations made by the PNP system driver to fail on at least one
system and that failure was addressed by commit 0f1b414d19.
That fix still turned out to be insufficient, though, because
calling acpi_reserve_resources() before the fs_initcall stage of
system initialization caused a boot regression to happen on the
eCAFE EC-800-H20G/S netbook. That meant that we only could call
acpi_reserve_resources() at the fs_initcall initialization stage
or later, but then we might just as well call it after the PNP
initalization in which case commit 0f1b414d19 wouldn't be
necessary any more.
For this reason, the changes made by commit 0f1b414d19 are reverted
(along with a memory leak fixup on top of that commit), the changes
made by commit b9a5e5e18f that went too far are reverted too and
acpi_reserve_resources() is changed into fs_initcall_sync, which
will cause it to be executed after the PNP subsystem initialization
(which is an fs_initcall) and before device initcalls (including
the pcieport driver initialization) which should avoid the initial
issue.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=100581
Link: http://marc.info/?t=143092384600002&r=1&w=2
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99831
Link: http://marc.info/?t=143389402600001&r=1&w=2
Fixes: b9a5e5e18f "ACPI / init: Fix the ordering of acpi_reserve_resources()"
Reported-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Cc: All applicable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Commit b9a5e5e18f "ACPI / init: Fix the ordering of
acpi_reserve_resources()" overlooked the fact that the memory
and/or I/O regions reserved by acpi_reserve_resources() may
conflict with those reserved by the PNP "system" driver.
If that conflict actually takes place, it causes the reservations
made by the "system" driver to fail while before commit b9a5e5e18f
all reservations made by it and by acpi_reserve_resources() would be
successful. In turn, that allows the resources that haven't been
reserved by the "system" driver to be used by others (e.g. PCI) which
sometimes leads to functional problems (up to and including boot
failures).
To fix that issue, introduce a common resource reservation routine,
acpi_reserve_region(), to be used by both acpi_reserve_resources()
and the "system" driver, that will track all resources reserved by
it and avoid making conflicting requests.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99831
Link: http://marc.info/?t=143389402600001&r=1&w=2
Fixes: b9a5e5e18f "ACPI / init: Fix the ordering of acpi_reserve_resources()"
Reported-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Cc: All applicable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Jesse accidentally applied v1 [1] of the patchset instead of v2 [2]. This
is the diff between v1 and v2.
The changes in this patch are:
- tidied vsprintf stack buffer to shrink and compute size more
accurately
- use %pR for decoding and %pr for "raw" (with type and flags) instead
of adding %pRt and %pRf
[1] http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/10/6/491
[2] http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/10/13/441
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
PNP used to have a fixed-size pnp_resource_table for tracking the
resources used by a device. This table often overflowed, so we've
had to increase the table size, which wastes memory because most
devices have very few resources.
This patch replaces the table with a linked list of resources where
the entries are allocated on demand.
This removes messages like these:
pnpacpi: exceeded the max number of IO resources
00:01: too many I/O port resources
References:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9535http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9740http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/11/30/110
This patch also changes the way PNP uses the IORESOURCE_UNSET,
IORESOURCE_AUTO, and IORESOURCE_DISABLED flags.
Prior to this patch, the pnp_resource_table entries used the flags
like this:
IORESOURCE_UNSET
This table entry is unused and available for use. When this flag
is set, we shouldn't look at anything else in the resource structure.
This flag is set when a resource table entry is initialized.
IORESOURCE_AUTO
This resource was assigned automatically by pnp_assign_{io,mem,etc}().
This flag is set when a resource table entry is initialized and
cleared whenever we discover a resource setting by reading an ISAPNP
config register, parsing a PNPBIOS resource data stream, parsing an
ACPI _CRS list, or interpreting a sysfs "set" command.
Resources marked IORESOURCE_AUTO are reinitialized and marked as
IORESOURCE_UNSET by pnp_clean_resource_table() in these cases:
- before we attempt to assign resources automatically,
- if we fail to assign resources automatically,
- after disabling a device
IORESOURCE_DISABLED
Set by pnp_assign_{io,mem,etc}() when automatic assignment fails.
Also set by PNPBIOS and PNPACPI for:
- invalid IRQs or GSI registration failures
- invalid DMA channels
- I/O ports above 0x10000
- mem ranges with negative length
After this patch, there is no pnp_resource_table, and the resource list
entries use the flags like this:
IORESOURCE_UNSET
This flag is no longer used in PNP. Instead of keeping
IORESOURCE_UNSET entries in the resource list, we remove
entries from the list and free them.
IORESOURCE_AUTO
No change in meaning: it still means the resource was assigned
automatically by pnp_assign_{port,mem,etc}(), but these functions
now set the bit explicitly.
We still "clean" a device's resource list in the same places,
but rather than reinitializing IORESOURCE_AUTO entries, we
just remove them from the list.
Note that IORESOURCE_AUTO entries are always at the end of the
list, so removing them doesn't reorder other list entries.
This is because non-IORESOURCE_AUTO entries are added by the
ISAPNP, PNPBIOS, or PNPACPI "get resources" methods and by the
sysfs "set" command. In each of these cases, we completely free
the resource list first.
IORESOURCE_DISABLED
In addition to the cases where we used to set this flag, ISAPNP now
adds an IORESOURCE_DISABLED resource when it reads a configuration
register with a "disabled" value.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
We don't need to reserve "unset" resources. Trying to reserve
them results in messages like this, which are ugly but harmless:
system 00:08: iomem range 0x0-0x0 could not be reserved
Future PNP patches will remove use of IORESOURCE_UNSET, but
we still need it for now.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both the PNP/PCI conflict detection quirk and the PNP system
driver must use the same mechanism to mark resources as disabled.
I think it's best to keep the resource and to keep the type bit
(IORESOURCE_MEM, etc), so that we match the list from firmware
as closely as possible.
Fixes this regression from 2.6.25: http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/6/1/82
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Tested-by: Avuton Olrich <avuton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove some PNP_MAX_* uses. The pnp_resource_table isn't
dynamic yet, but with pnp_get_resource(), we can start moving
away from the table size constants.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Use dev_info() for a little consistency. Changes this:
pnp: 00:01: ioport range 0xf50-0xf58 has been reserved
pnp: 00:01: ioport range 0x408-0x40f has been reserved
pnp: 00:01: ioport range 0x900-0x903 has been reserved
to this:
system 00:01: ioport range 0xf50-0xf58 has been reserved
system 00:01: ioport range 0x408-0x40f has been reserved
system 00:01: ioport range 0x900-0x903 has been reserved
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Adam Belay <ambx1@neo.rr.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These are manual fixups after running Lindent. No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Adam Belay <ambx1@neo.rr.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change PnP resource handling code to use proper type for resource start and
length. Fixes bogus regions reported in /proc/iomem.
I've also made some pointer constant, as they are constant...
Signed-off-by: Petr Vandrovec <petr@vandrovec.name>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Adam Belay <ambx1@neo.rr.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Most x86 boxes have no iomem system board resources, but some ia64
boxes do.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Rafael J. Wysocki
Bjorn Helgaas
Kay Sievers
Petr Vandrovec
Linus Torvalds