[ Upstream commit c73275cf68 ]
In multi_transaction_new(), the variable t is not freed or passed out
on the failure of copy_from_user(t->data, buf, size), which could lead
to a memleak.
Fix this bug by adding a put_multi_transaction(t) in the error path.
Fixes: 1dea3b41e8 ("apparmor: speed up transactional queries")
Signed-off-by: Gaosheng Cui <cuigaosheng1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 25369175ce ]
The input parameter @fields is type of struct ima_template_field ***, so
when allocates array memory for @fields, the size of element should be
sizeof(**field) instead of sizeof(*field).
Actually the original code would not cause any runtime error, but it's
better to make it logically right.
Fixes: adf53a778a ("ima: new templates management mechanism")
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 39419ef7af ]
Key restriction is allocated in integrity_init_keyring(). However, if
keyring allocation failed, it is not freed, causing memory leaks.
Fixes: 2b6aa412ff ("KEYS: Use structure to capture key restriction function and data")
Signed-off-by: GUO Zihua <guozihua@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit c7423dbdbc ]
IMA relies on the blocking LSM policy notifier callback to update the
LSM based IMA policy rules.
When SELinux update its policies, IMA would be notified and starts
updating all its lsm rules one-by-one. During this time, -ESTALE would
be returned by ima_filter_rule_match() if it is called with a LSM rule
that has not yet been updated. In ima_match_rules(), -ESTALE is not
handled, and the LSM rule is considered a match, causing extra files
to be measured by IMA.
Fix it by re-initializing a temporary rule if -ESTALE is returned by
ima_filter_rule_match(). The origin rule in the rule list would be
updated by the LSM policy notifier callback.
Fixes: b169424551 ("ima: use the lsm policy update notifier")
Signed-off-by: GUO Zihua <guozihua@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 8cf0a1bc12 upstream.
In cap_inode_getsecurity(), we will use vfs_getxattr_alloc() to
complete the memory allocation of tmpbuf, if we have completed
the memory allocation of tmpbuf, but failed to call handler->get(...),
there will be a memleak in below logic:
|-- ret = (int)vfs_getxattr_alloc(mnt_userns, ...)
| /* ^^^ alloc for tmpbuf */
|-- value = krealloc(*xattr_value, error + 1, flags)
| /* ^^^ alloc memory */
|-- error = handler->get(handler, ...)
| /* error! */
|-- *xattr_value = value
| /* xattr_value is &tmpbuf (memory leak!) */
So we will try to free(tmpbuf) after vfs_getxattr_alloc() fails to fix it.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 8db6c34f1d ("Introduce v3 namespaced file capabilities")
Signed-off-by: Gaosheng Cui <cuigaosheng1@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
[PM: subject line and backtrace tweaks]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit abe3c63144 upstream.
The following warning was triggered on a hardware environment:
SELinux: Converting 162 SID table entries...
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at
__might_sleep+0x60/0x74 0x0
in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 128, non_block: 0, pid: 5943, name: tar
CPU: 7 PID: 5943 Comm: tar Tainted: P O 5.10.0 #1
Call trace:
dump_backtrace+0x0/0x1c8
show_stack+0x18/0x28
dump_stack+0xe8/0x15c
___might_sleep+0x168/0x17c
__might_sleep+0x60/0x74
__kmalloc_track_caller+0xa0/0x7dc
kstrdup+0x54/0xac
convert_context+0x48/0x2e4
sidtab_context_to_sid+0x1c4/0x36c
security_context_to_sid_core+0x168/0x238
security_context_to_sid_default+0x14/0x24
inode_doinit_use_xattr+0x164/0x1e4
inode_doinit_with_dentry+0x1c0/0x488
selinux_d_instantiate+0x20/0x34
security_d_instantiate+0x70/0xbc
d_splice_alias+0x4c/0x3c0
ext4_lookup+0x1d8/0x200 [ext4]
__lookup_slow+0x12c/0x1e4
walk_component+0x100/0x200
path_lookupat+0x88/0x118
filename_lookup+0x98/0x130
user_path_at_empty+0x48/0x60
vfs_statx+0x84/0x140
vfs_fstatat+0x20/0x30
__se_sys_newfstatat+0x30/0x74
__arm64_sys_newfstatat+0x1c/0x2c
el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x100/0x184
do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x2c
el0_svc+0x20/0x34
el0_sync_handler+0x80/0x17c
el0_sync+0x13c/0x140
SELinux: Context system_u:object_r:pssp_rsyslog_log_t:s0:c0 is
not valid (left unmapped).
It was found that within a critical section of spin_lock_irqsave in
sidtab_context_to_sid(), convert_context() (hooked by
sidtab_convert_params.func) might cause the process to sleep via
allocating memory with GFP_KERNEL, which is problematic.
As Ondrej pointed out [1], convert_context()/sidtab_convert_params.func
has another caller sidtab_convert_tree(), which is okay with GFP_KERNEL.
Therefore, fix this problem by adding a gfp_t argument for
convert_context()/sidtab_convert_params.func and pass GFP_KERNEL/_ATOMIC
properly in individual callers.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221018120111.1474581-1-gongruiqi1@huawei.com/ [1]
Reported-by: Tan Ninghao <tanninghao1@huawei.com>
Fixes: ee1a84fdfe ("selinux: overhaul sidtab to fix bug and improve performance")
Signed-off-by: GONG, Ruiqi <gongruiqi1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
[PM: wrap long BUG() output lines, tweak subject line]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 5926586f29 ]
Limit validating the hash algorithm to just security.ima xattr, not
the security.evm xattr or any of the protected EVM security xattrs,
nor posix acls.
Fixes: 50f742dd91 ("IMA: block writes of the security.ima xattr with unsupported algorithms")
Reported-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 607e57c6c6 upstream.
Now that Clang's -enable-trivial-auto-var-init-zero-knowing-it-will-be-removed-from-clang
option is no longer required, remove it from the command line. Clang 16
and later will warn when it is used, which will cause Kconfig to think
it can't use -ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero at all. Check for whether it
is required and only use it when so.
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org
Cc: llvm@lists.linux.dev
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f02003c860 ("hardening: Avoid harmless Clang option under CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO")
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit f02003c860 upstream.
Currently under Clang, CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO requires an extra
-enable flag compared to CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_PATTERN. GCC 12[1] will
not, and will happily ignore the Clang-specific flag. However, its
presence on the command-line is both cumbersome and confusing. Due to
GCC's tolerant behavior, though, we can continue to use a single Kconfig
cc-option test for the feature on both compilers, but then drop the
Clang-specific option in the Makefile.
In other words, this patch does not change anything other than making the
compiler command line shorter once GCC supports -ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero.
[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/git/?p=gcc.git;a=commitdiff;h=a25e0b5e6ac8a77a71c229e0a7b744603365b0e9
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Cc: llvm@lists.linux.dev
Fixes: dcb7c0b946 ("hardening: Clarify Kconfig text for auto-var-init")
Suggested-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210914102837.6172-1-will@kernel.org/
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit bab715bdaa upstream.
It turns out Apple doesn't capitalise the "mini" in "Macmini" in DMI, which
is inconsistent with other model line names.
Correct the capitalisation of Macmini in the quirk for skipping loading
platform certs on T2 Macs.
Currently users get:
------------[ cut here ]------------
[Firmware Bug]: Page fault caused by firmware at PA: 0xffffa30640054000
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 8 at arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c:735 efi_crash_gracefully_on_page_fault+0x55/0xe0
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 PID: 8 Comm: kworker/u12:0 Not tainted 5.18.14-arch1-2-t2 #1 4535eb3fc40fd08edab32a509fbf4c9bc52d111e
Hardware name: Apple Inc. Macmini8,1/Mac-7BA5B2DFE22DDD8C, BIOS 1731.120.10.0.0 (iBridge: 19.16.15071.0.0,0) 04/24/2022
Workqueue: efi_rts_wq efi_call_rts
...
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
efi: Froze efi_rts_wq and disabled EFI Runtime Services
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x8000000000000015
integrity: MODSIGN: Couldn't get UEFI db list
efi: EFI Runtime Services are disabled!
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x8000000000000015
integrity: Couldn't get UEFI dbx list
Fixes: 155ca952c7 ("efi: Do not import certificates from UEFI Secure Boot for T2 Macs")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Aditya Garg <gargaditya08@live.com>
Tested-by: Samuel Jiang <chyishian.jiang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Orlando Chamberlain <redecorating@protonmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 417ea9fe97 upstream.
When copy_from_user failed, the memory is freed by kvfree. however the
management struct and data blob are allocated independently, so only
kvfree(data) cause a memleak issue here. Use aa_put_loaddata(data) to
fix this issue.
Fixes: a6a52579e5 ("apparmor: split load data into management struct and data blob")
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 11c3627ec6 upstream.
The aa_pivotroot() function has a reference counting bug in a specific
path. When aa_replace_current_label() returns on success, the function
forgets to decrement the reference count of “target”, which is
increased earlier by build_pivotroot(), causing a reference leak.
Fix it by decreasing the refcount of “target” in that path.
Fixes: 2ea3ffb778 ("apparmor: add mount mediation")
Co-developed-by: Xiyu Yang <xiyuyang19@fudan.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: Xiyu Yang <xiyuyang19@fudan.edu.cn>
Co-developed-by: Xin Tan <tanxin.ctf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Xin Tan <tanxin.ctf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Xin Xiong <xiongx18@fudan.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 2504db2071 upstream.
When finding the profile via patterned attachments, the longest left
match is being set to the static compile time value and not using the
runtime computed value.
Fix this by setting the candidate value to the greater of the
precomputed value or runtime computed value.
Fixes: 21f6066105 ("apparmor: improve overlapping domain attachment resolution")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3bbb7b2e9b upstream.
When loading a profile that is set to unconfined mode, that label
flag is not set when it should be. Ensure it is set so that when
used in a label the unconfined check will be applied correctly.
Fixes: 038165070a ("apparmor: allow setting any profile into the unconfined state")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3e2a3a0830 upstream.
Clang static analysis reports this issue
label.c:1802:3: warning: 2nd function call argument
is an uninitialized value
pr_info("%s", str);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
str is set from a successful call to aa_label_asxprint(&str, ...)
On failure a negative value is returned, not a -1. So change
the check.
Fixes: f1bd904175 ("apparmor: add the base fns() for domain labels")
Signed-off-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit ec240b5905 upstream.
When the mount check fails due to a permission check failure instead
of explicitly at one of the subcomponent checks, AppArmor is reporting
a failure in the flags match. However this is not true and AppArmor
can not attribute the error at this point to any particular component,
and should only indicate the mount failed due to missing permissions.
Fixes: 2ea3ffb778 ("apparmor: add mount mediation")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 511f7b5b83 upstream.
AppArmor is prefixing secids that are converted to secctx with the =
to indicate the secctx should only be parsed from an absolute root
POV. This allows catching errors where secctx are reparsed back into
internal labels.
Unfortunately because audit is using secid to secctx conversion this
means that subject and object labels can result in a very unfortunate
== that can break audit parsing.
eg. the subj==unconfined term in the below audit message
type=USER_LOGIN msg=audit(1639443365.233:160): pid=1633 uid=0 auid=1000
ses=3 subj==unconfined msg='op=login id=1000 exe="/usr/sbin/sshd"
hostname=192.168.122.1 addr=192.168.122.1 terminal=/dev/pts/1 res=success'
Fix this by switch the prepending of = to a _. This still works as a
special character to flag this case without breaking audit. Also move
this check behind debug as it should not be needed during normal
operqation.
Fixes: 26b7899510 ("apparmor: add support for absolute root view based labels")
Reported-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 68ff8540cc upstream.
Global quieting of denied AppArmor generated file events is not
handled correctly. Unfortunately the is checking if quieting of all
audit events is set instead of just denied events.
Fixes: 67012e8209 ("AppArmor: basic auditing infrastructure.")
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 15ec76fb29 ]
Just like next_entry(), boundary check is necessary to prevent memory
out-of-bound access.
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 73de1befcc ]
In this function, it directly returns the result of __security_read_policy
without freeing the allocated memory in *data, cause memory leak issue,
so free the memory if __security_read_policy failed.
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com>
[PM: subject line tweak]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 543ce63b66 upstream.
The lockdown LSM is primarily used in conjunction with UEFI Secure Boot.
This LSM may also be used on machines without UEFI. It can also be
enabled when UEFI Secure Boot is disabled. One of lockdown's features
is to prevent kexec from loading untrusted kernels. Lockdown can be
enabled through a bootparam or after the kernel has booted through
securityfs.
If IMA appraisal is used with the "ima_appraise=log" boot param,
lockdown can be defeated with kexec on any machine when Secure Boot is
disabled or unavailable. IMA prevents setting "ima_appraise=log" from
the boot param when Secure Boot is enabled, but this does not cover
cases where lockdown is used without Secure Boot.
To defeat lockdown, boot without Secure Boot and add ima_appraise=log to
the kernel command line; then:
$ echo "integrity" > /sys/kernel/security/lockdown
$ echo "appraise func=KEXEC_KERNEL_CHECK appraise_type=imasig" > \
/sys/kernel/security/ima/policy
$ kexec -ls unsigned-kernel
Add a call to verify ima appraisal is set to "enforce" whenever lockdown
is enabled. This fixes CVE-2022-21505.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 29d3c1c8df ("kexec: Allow kexec_file() with appropriate IMA policy when locked down")
Signed-off-by: Eric Snowberg <eric.snowberg@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: John Haxby <john.haxby@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit f43b9876e8 upstream.
Do fine-grained Kconfig for all the various retbleed parts.
NOTE: if your compiler doesn't support return thunks this will
silently 'upgrade' your mitigation to IBPB, you might not like this.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
[cascardo: there is no CONFIG_OBJTOOL]
[cascardo: objtool calling and option parsing has changed]
Signed-off-by: Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo <cascardo@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 067d252187 ]
On failure to allocate the SHA1 tfm, IMA fails to initialize and exits
without freeing the ima_algo_array. Add the missing kfree() for
ima_algo_array to avoid the potential memory leak.
Signed-off-by: Jianglei Nie <niejianglei2021@163.com>
Fixes: 6d94809af6 ("ima: Allocate and initialize tfm for each PCR bank")
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit af16df54b8 ]
Currently, an unsigned kernel could be kexec'ed when IMA arch specific
policy is configured unless lockdown is enabled. Enforce kernel
signature verification check in the kexec_file_load syscall when IMA
arch specific policy is configured.
Fixes: 99d5cadfde ("kexec_file: split KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG into KEXEC_SIG and KEXEC_SIG_FORCE")
Reported-and-suggested-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Coiby Xu <coxu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit d2ee2cfc4a ]
When the ima-modsig is enabled, the rc passed to evm_verifyxattr() may be
negative, which may cause the integer overflow problem.
Fixes: 39b0709636 ("ima: Implement support for module-style appended signatures")
Signed-off-by: Huaxin Lu <luhuaxin1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 51dd64bb99 upstream.
This reverts commit ccf11dbaa0.
Commit ccf11dbaa0 ("evm: Fix memleak in init_desc") said there is
memleak in init_desc. That may be incorrect, as we can see, tmp_tfm is
saved in one of the two global variables hmac_tfm or evm_tfm[hash_algo],
then if init_desc is called next time, there is no need to alloc tfm
again, so in the error path of kmalloc desc or crypto_shash_init(desc),
It is not a problem without freeing tmp_tfm.
And also that commit did not reset the global variable to NULL after
freeing tmp_tfm and this makes *tfm a dangling pointer which may cause a
UAF issue.
Reported-by: Guozihua (Scott) <guozihua@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit bd303368b7 upstream.
In previous patches we added new and modified existing helpers to handle
idmapped mounts of filesystems mounted with an idmapping. In this final
patch we convert all relevant places in the vfs to actually pass the
filesystem's idmapping into these helpers.
With this the vfs is in shape to handle idmapped mounts of filesystems
mounted with an idmapping. Note that this is just the generic
infrastructure. Actually adding support for idmapped mounts to a
filesystem mountable with an idmapping is follow-up work.
In this patch we extend the definition of an idmapped mount from a mount
that that has the initial idmapping attached to it to a mount that has
an idmapping attached to it which is not the same as the idmapping the
filesystem was mounted with.
As before we do not allow the initial idmapping to be attached to a
mount. In addition this patch prevents that the idmapping the filesystem
was mounted with can be attached to a mount created based on this
filesystem.
This has multiple reasons and advantages. First, attaching the initial
idmapping or the filesystem's idmapping doesn't make much sense as in
both cases the values of the i_{g,u}id and other places where k{g,u}ids
are used do not change. Second, a user that really wants to do this for
whatever reason can just create a separate dedicated identical idmapping
to attach to the mount. Third, we can continue to use the initial
idmapping as an indicator that a mount is not idmapped allowing us to
continue to keep passing the initial idmapping into the mapping helpers
to tell them that something isn't an idmapped mount even if the
filesystem is mounted with an idmapping.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211123114227.3124056-11-brauner@kernel.org (v1)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211130121032.3753852-11-brauner@kernel.org (v2)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211203111707.3901969-11-brauner@kernel.org
Cc: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Cc: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
CC: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 4472071331 upstream.
In a few places the vfs needs to interact with bare k{g,u}ids directly
instead of struct inode. These are just a few. In previous patches we
introduced low-level mapping helpers that are able to support
filesystems mounted an idmapping. This patch simply converts the places
to use these new helpers.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211123114227.3124056-7-brauner@kernel.org (v1)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211130121032.3753852-7-brauner@kernel.org (v2)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211203111707.3901969-7-brauner@kernel.org
Cc: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Cc: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
CC: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit a793d79ea3 upstream.
The low-level mapping helpers were so far crammed into fs.h. They are
out of place there. The fs.h header should just contain the higher-level
mapping helpers that interact directly with vfs objects such as struct
super_block or struct inode and not the bare mapping helpers. Similarly,
only vfs and specific fs code shall interact with low-level mapping
helpers. And so they won't be made accessible automatically through
regular {g,u}id helpers.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211123114227.3124056-3-brauner@kernel.org (v1)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211130121032.3753852-3-brauner@kernel.org (v2)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211203111707.3901969-3-brauner@kernel.org
Cc: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
CC: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Forshee <sforshee@digitalocean.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit dda5384313 upstream.
When creating (sealing) a new trusted key, migratable
trusted keys have the FIXED_TPM and FIXED_PARENT attributes
set, and non-migratable keys don't. This is backwards, and
also causes creation to fail when creating a migratable key
under a migratable parent. (The TPM thinks you are trying to
seal a non-migratable blob under a migratable parent.)
The following simple patch fixes the logic, and has been
tested for all four combinations of migratable and non-migratable
trusted keys and parent storage keys. With this logic, you will
get a proper failure if you try to create a non-migratable
trusted key under a migratable parent storage key, and all other
combinations work correctly.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.13+
Fixes: e5fb5d2c5a ("security: keys: trusted: Make sealed key properly interoperable")
Signed-off-by: David Safford <david.safford@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 891163adf1 upstream.
The original 'ima' measurement list template contains a hash, defined
as 20 bytes, and a null terminated pathname, limited to 255
characters. Other measurement list templates permit both larger hashes
and longer pathnames. When the "ima" template is configured as the
default, a new measurement list template (ima_template=) must be
specified before specifying a larger hash algorithm (ima_hash=) on the
boot command line.
To avoid this boot command line ordering issue, remove the legacy "ima"
template configuration option, allowing it to still be specified on the
boot command line.
The root cause of this issue is that during the processing of ima_hash,
we would try to check whether the hash algorithm is compatible with the
template. If the template is not set at the moment we do the check, we
check the algorithm against the configured default template. If the
default template is "ima", then we reject any hash algorithm other than
sha1 and md5.
For example, if the compiled default template is "ima", and the default
algorithm is sha1 (which is the current default). In the cmdline, we put
in "ima_hash=sha256 ima_template=ima-ng". The expected behavior would be
that ima starts with ima-ng as the template and sha256 as the hash
algorithm. However, during the processing of "ima_hash=",
"ima_template=" has not been processed yet, and hash_setup would check
the configured hash algorithm against the compiled default: ima, and
reject sha256. So at the end, the hash algorithm that is actually used
will be sha1.
With template "ima" removed from the configured default, we ensure that
the default tempalte would at least be "ima-ng" which allows for
basically any hash algorithm.
This change would not break the algorithm compatibility checks for IMA.
Fixes: 4286587dcc ("ima: add Kconfig default measurement list template")
Signed-off-by: GUO Zihua <guozihua@huawei.com>
Cc: <Stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 8ba0005ff4 upstream.
The original behavior was to check if the full set of requested accesses
was allowed by at least a rule of every relevant layer. This didn't
take into account requests for multiple accesses and same-layer rules
allowing the union of these accesses in a complementary way. As a
result, multiple accesses requested on a file hierarchy matching rules
that, together, allowed these accesses, but without a unique rule
allowing all of them, was illegitimately denied. This case should be
rare in practice and it can only be triggered by the path_rename or
file_open hook implementations.
For instance, if, for the same layer, a rule allows execution
beneath /a/b and another rule allows read beneath /a, requesting access
to read and execute at the same time for /a/b should be allowed for this
layer.
This was an inconsistency because the union of same-layer rule accesses
was already allowed if requested once at a time anyway.
This fix changes the way allowed accesses are gathered over a path walk.
To take into account all these rule accesses, we store in a matrix all
layer granting the set of requested accesses, according to the handled
accesses. To avoid heap allocation, we use an array on the stack which
is 2*13 bytes. A following commit bringing the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER
access right will increase this size to reach 112 bytes (2*14*4) in case
of link or rename actions.
Add a new layout1.layer_rule_unions test to check that accesses from
different rules pertaining to the same layer are ORed in a file
hierarchy. Also test that it is not the case for rules from different
layers.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-5-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 75c542d6c6 upstream.
The maximum number of nested Landlock domains is currently 64. Because
of the following fix and to help reduce the stack size, let's reduce it
to 16. This seems large enough for a lot of use cases (e.g. sandboxed
init service, spawning a sandboxed SSH service, in nested sandboxed
containers). Reducing the number of nested domains may also help to
discover misuse of Landlock (e.g. creating a domain per rule).
Add and use a dedicated layer_mask_t typedef to fit with the number of
layers. This might be useful when changing it and to keep it consistent
with the maximum number of layers.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-3-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 5f2ff33e10 upstream.
Create and use the access_mask_t typedef to enforce a consistent access
mask size and uniformly use a 16-bits type. This will helps transition
to a 32-bits value one day.
Add a build check to make sure all (filesystem) access rights fit in.
This will be extended with a following commit.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-2-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit eba39ca4b1 upstream.
According to the Landlock goal to be a security feature available to
unprivileges processes, it makes more sense to first check for
no_new_privs before checking anything else (i.e. syscall arguments).
Merge inval_fd_enforce and unpriv_enforce_without_no_new_privs tests
into the new restrict_self_checks_ordering. This is similar to the
previous commit checking other syscalls.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160820.524344-10-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 589172e563 upstream.
This makes more sense to first check the ruleset FD and then the rule
attribute. It will be useful to factor out code for other rule types.
Add inval_add_rule_arguments tests, extension of empty_path_beneath_attr
tests, to also check error ordering for landlock_add_rule(2).
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160820.524344-9-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 06a1c40a09 upstream.
Let's follow a consistent and documented coding style. Everything may
not be to our liking but it is better than tacit knowledge. Moreover,
this will help maintain style consistency between different developers.
This contains only whitespace changes.
Automatically formatted with:
clang-format-14 -i security/landlock/*.[ch] include/uapi/linux/landlock.h
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160513.523257-3-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 6cc2df8e3a upstream.
In preparation to a following commit, add clang-format on and
clang-format off stanzas around constant definitions. This enables to
keep aligned values, which is much more readable than packed
definitions.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160513.523257-2-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 155ca952c7 upstream.
On Apple T2 Macs, when Linux attempts to read the db and dbx efi variables
at early boot to load UEFI Secure Boot certificates, a page fault occurs
in Apple firmware code and EFI runtime services are disabled with the
following logs:
[Firmware Bug]: Page fault caused by firmware at PA: 0xffffb1edc0068000
WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 104 at arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c:735 efi_crash_gracefully_on_page_fault+0x50/0xf0
(Removed some logs from here)
Call Trace:
<TASK>
page_fault_oops+0x4f/0x2c0
? search_bpf_extables+0x6b/0x80
? search_module_extables+0x50/0x80
? search_exception_tables+0x5b/0x60
kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x9e/0x110
__bad_area_nosemaphore+0x155/0x190
bad_area_nosemaphore+0x16/0x20
do_kern_addr_fault+0x8c/0xa0
exc_page_fault+0xd8/0x180
asm_exc_page_fault+0x1e/0x30
(Removed some logs from here)
? __efi_call+0x28/0x30
? switch_mm+0x20/0x30
? efi_call_rts+0x19a/0x8e0
? process_one_work+0x222/0x3f0
? worker_thread+0x4a/0x3d0
? kthread+0x17a/0x1a0
? process_one_work+0x3f0/0x3f0
? set_kthread_struct+0x40/0x40
? ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
</TASK>
---[ end trace 1f82023595a5927f ]---
efi: Froze efi_rts_wq and disabled EFI Runtime Services
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x8000000000000015
integrity: MODSIGN: Couldn't get UEFI db list
efi: EFI Runtime Services are disabled!
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x8000000000000015
integrity: Couldn't get UEFI dbx list
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x8000000000000015
integrity: Couldn't get mokx list
integrity: Couldn't get size: 0x80000000
So we avoid reading these UEFI variables and thus prevent the crash.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Aditya Garg <gargaditya08@live.com>
Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit eadb2f47a3 upstream.
KGDB and KDB allow read and write access to kernel memory, and thus
should be restricted during lockdown. An attacker with access to a
serial port (for example, via a hypervisor console, which some cloud
vendors provide over the network) could trigger the debugger so it is
important that the debugger respect the lockdown mode when/if it is
triggered.
Fix this by integrating lockdown into kdb's existing permissions
mechanism. Unfortunately kgdb does not have any permissions mechanism
(although it certainly could be added later) so, for now, kgdb is simply
and brutally disabled by immediately exiting the gdb stub without taking
any action.
For lockdowns established early in the boot (e.g. the normal case) then
this should be fine but on systems where kgdb has set breakpoints before
the lockdown is enacted than "bad things" will happen.
CVE: CVE-2022-21499
Co-developed-by: Stephen Brennan <stephen.s.brennan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Brennan <stephen.s.brennan@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 6254bd3db3 upstream.
The code attempts to free the 'new' pointer using kmem_cache_free(),
which is wrong because this function isn't responsible of freeing it.
Instead, the function should free new->htable and clear the contents of
*new (to prevent double-free).
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: c7c556f1e8 ("selinux: refactor changing booleans")
Reported-by: Wander Lairson Costa <wander@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit a5cd1ab7ab ]
Remove inappropriate use of ntohs() and assign the
port value directly.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 65881e1db4 ]
These ioctls are equivalent to fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags), which SELinux
always allows too. Furthermore, a failed FIOCLEX could result in a file
descriptor being leaked to a process that should not have access to it.
As this patch removes access controls, a policy capability needs to be
enabled in policy to always allow these ioctls.
Based-on-patch-by: Demi Marie Obenour <demiobenour@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Haines <richard_c_haines@btinternet.com>
[PM: subject line tweak]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b97df7c098 ]
security_sid_to_context() expects a pointer to an u32 as the address
where to store the length of the computed context.
Reported by sparse:
security/selinux/xfrm.c:359:39: warning: incorrect type in arg 4
(different signedness)
security/selinux/xfrm.c:359:39: expected unsigned int
[usertype] *scontext_len
security/selinux/xfrm.c:359:39: got int *
Signed-off-by: Christian Göttsche <cgzones@googlemail.com>
[PM: wrapped commit description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit ecff30575b ]
The usual LSM hook "bail on fail" scheme doesn't work for cases where
a security module may return an error code indicating that it does not
recognize an input. In this particular case Smack sees a mount option
that it recognizes, and returns 0. A call to a BPF hook follows, which
returns -ENOPARAM, which confuses the caller because Smack has processed
its data.
The SELinux hook incorrectly returns 1 on success. There was a time
when this was correct, however the current expectation is that it
return 0 on success. This is repaired.
Reported-by: syzbot+d1e3b1d92d25abf97943@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Acked-by: James Morris <jamorris@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 39844b7e30 ]
__setup() handlers should return 1 if the parameter is handled.
Returning 0 causes the entire string to be added to init's
environment strings (limited to 32 strings), unnecessarily polluting it.
Using the documented strings "TOMOYO_loader=string1" and
"TOMOYO_trigger=string2" causes an Unknown parameter message:
Unknown kernel command line parameters
"BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/bzImage-517rc5 TOMOYO_loader=string1 \
TOMOYO_trigger=string2", will be passed to user space.
and these strings are added to init's environment string space:
Run /sbin/init as init process
with arguments:
/sbin/init
with environment:
HOME=/
TERM=linux
BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/bzImage-517rc5
TOMOYO_loader=string1
TOMOYO_trigger=string2
With this change, these __setup handlers act as expected,
and init's environment is not polluted with these strings.
Fixes: 0e4ae0e0de ("TOMOYO: Make several options configurable.")
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reported-by: Igor Zhbanov <i.zhbanov@omprussia.ru>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/64644a2f-4a20-bab3-1e15-3b2cdd0defe3@omprussia.ru
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: tomoyo-dev-en@lists.osdn.me
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit c5d1ed846e ]
If one loads and unloads the trusted module, trusted_key_exit can be
NULL. Call it through static_call_cond() to avoid a kernel trap.
Fixes: 5d0682be31 ("KEYS: trusted: Add generic trusted keys framework")
Signed-off-by: Dave Kleikamp <dave.kleikamp@oracle.com>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: James Bottomley <jejb@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org
Cc: keyrings@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 969a26446b ]
Before this commit the kernel could end up with no trusted key sources
even though both of the currently supported backends (TPM and TEE) were
compiled as modules. This manifested in the trusted key type not being
registered at all.
When checking if a CONFIG_… preprocessor variable is defined we only
test for the builtin (=y) case and not the module (=m) case. By using
the IS_REACHABLE() macro we do test for both cases.
Fixes: 5d0682be31 ("KEYS: trusted: Add generic trusted keys framework")
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Rammhold <andreas@rammhold.de>
Tested-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit f2544f5e6c ]
__setup() handlers should return 1 if the parameter is handled.
Returning 0 causes the entire string to be added to init's
environment strings (limited to 32 strings), unnecessarily polluting it.
Using the documented string "evm=fix" causes an Unknown parameter message:
Unknown kernel command line parameters
"BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/bzImage-517rc5 evm=fix", will be passed to user space.
and that string is added to init's environment string space:
Run /sbin/init as init process
with arguments:
/sbin/init
with environment:
HOME=/
TERM=linux
BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/bzImage-517rc5
evm=fix
With this change, using "evm=fix" acts as expected and an invalid
option ("evm=evm") causes a warning to be printed:
evm: invalid "evm" mode
but init's environment is not polluted with this string, as expected.
Fixes: 7102ebcd65 ("evm: permit only valid security.evm xattrs to be updated")
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reported-by: Igor Zhbanov <i.zhbanov@omprussia.ru>
Link: lore.kernel.org/r/64644a2f-4a20-bab3-1e15-3b2cdd0defe3@omprussia.ru
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit b8b87fd954 ]
selinux_sb_mnt_opts_compat() is called under the sb_lock spinlock and
shouldn't be performing any memory allocations. Fix this by parsing the
sids at the same time we're chopping up the security mount options
string and then using the pre-parsed sids when doing the comparison.
Fixes: cc274ae776 ("selinux: fix sleeping function called from invalid context")
Fixes: 69c4a42d72 ("lsm,selinux: add new hook to compare new mount to an existing mount")
Signed-off-by: Scott Mayhew <smayhew@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit bcb62828e3 ]
sel_make_avc_files() might fail and return a negative errno value on
memory allocation failures. Re-add the check of the return value,
dropped in 66f8e2f03c ("selinux: sidtab reverse lookup hash table").
Reported by clang-analyzer:
security/selinux/selinuxfs.c:2129:2: warning: Value stored to
'ret' is never read [deadcode.DeadStores]
ret = sel_make_avc_files(dentry);
^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Fixes: 66f8e2f03c ("selinux: sidtab reverse lookup hash table")
Signed-off-by: Christian Göttsche <cgzones@googlemail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
[PM: description line wrapping, added proper commit ref]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 0266c25e7c ]
LSM blob has been involved for superblock's security struct. So fix the
remaining direct access to sb->s_security by using the LSM blob
mechanism.
Fixes: 08abe46b2c ("selinux: fall back to SECURITY_FS_USE_GENFS if no xattr support")
Fixes: 69c4a42d72 ("lsm,selinux: add new hook to compare new mount to an existing mount")
Signed-off-by: GONG, Ruiqi <gongruiqi1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit aea0b9f248 upstream.
Make the name of the anon inode fd "[landlock-ruleset]" instead of
"landlock-ruleset". This is minor but most anon inode fds already
carry square brackets around their name:
[eventfd]
[eventpoll]
[fanotify]
[fscontext]
[io_uring]
[pidfd]
[signalfd]
[timerfd]
[userfaultfd]
For the sake of consistency lets do the same for the landlock-ruleset anon
inode fd that comes with landlock. We did the same in
1cdc415f10 ("uapi, fsopen: use square brackets around "fscontext" [ver #2]")
for the new mount api.
Cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211011133704.1704369-1-brauner@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit c51abd9683 upstream.
In many cases, keyctl_pkey_params_get_2() is validating the user buffer
lengths against the wrong algorithm properties. Fix it to check against
the correct properties.
Probably this wasn't noticed before because for all asymmetric keys of
the "public_key" subtype, max_data_size == max_sig_size == max_enc_size
== max_dec_size. However, this isn't necessarily true for the
"asym_tpm" subtype (it should be, but it's not strictly validated). Of
course, future key types could have different values as well.
Fixes: 00d60fd3b9 ("KEYS: Provide keyctls to drive the new key type ops for asymmetric keys [ver #2]")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.20+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit ce2fc710c9 upstream.
mutex_is_locked() tests whether the mutex is locked *by any task*, while
here we want to test if it is held *by the current task*. To avoid
false/missed WARNINGs, use lockdep_assert_is_held() and
lockdep_assert_is_not_held() instead, which do the right thing (though
they are a no-op if CONFIG_LOCKDEP=n).
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 2554a48f44 ("selinux: measure state and policy capabilities")
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit bb8e52e490 upstream.
Commit c2426d2ad5 ("ima: added support for new kernel cmdline parameter
ima_template_fmt") introduced an additional check on the ima_template
variable to avoid multiple template selection.
Unfortunately, ima_template could be also set by the setup function of the
ima_hash= parameter, when it calls ima_template_desc_current(). This causes
attempts to choose a new template with ima_template= or with
ima_template_fmt=, after ima_hash=, to be ignored.
Achieve the goal of the commit mentioned with the new static variable
template_setup_done, so that template selection requests after ima_hash=
are not ignored.
Finally, call ima_init_template_list(), if not already done, to initialize
the list of templates before lookup_template_desc() is called.
Reported-by: Guo Zihua <guozihua@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: c2426d2ad5 ("ima: added support for new kernel cmdline parameter ima_template_fmt")
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit f7333b9572 upstream.
The removal of ima_dir currently fails since ima_policy still exists, so
remove the ima_policy file before removing the directory.
Fixes: 4af4662fa4 ("integrity: IMA policy")
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 926fd9f23b upstream.
Don't leak a reference to the key if its algorithm is unknown.
Fixes: 947d705972 ("ima: Support EC keys for signature verification")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v5.13+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Tianjia Zhang <tianjia.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 83230351c5 upstream.
audit_log_start() returns audit_buffer pointer on success or NULL on
error, so it is better to check the return value of it.
Fixes: 3323eec921 ("integrity: IMA as an integrity service provider")
Signed-off-by: Xiaoke Wang <xkernel.wang@foxmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 186edf7e36 upstream.
On error path from cond_read_list() and duplicate_policydb_cond_list()
the cond_list_destroy() gets called a second time in caller functions,
resulting in NULL pointer deref. Fix this by resetting the
cond_list_len to 0 in cond_list_destroy(), making subsequent calls a
noop.
Also consistently reset the cond_list pointer to NULL after freeing.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@redhat.com>
[PM: fix line lengths in the description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 732bc2ff08 upstream.
Clang static analysis reports this warning
hooks.c:5765:6: warning: 4th function call argument is an uninitialized
value
if (selinux_xfrm_postroute_last(sksec->sid, skb, &ad, proto))
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
selinux_parse_skb() can return ok without setting proto. The later call
to selinux_xfrm_postroute_last() does an early check of proto and can
return ok if the garbage proto value matches. So initialize proto.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: eef9b41622 ("selinux: cleanup selinux_xfrm_sock_rcv_skb() and selinux_xfrm_postroute_last()")
Signed-off-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
[PM: typo/spelling and checkpatch.pl description fixes]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit f702e11076 ]
hwight16() is much faster. While we are at it, no need to include
"perm =" part into data_race() macro, for perm is a local variable
that cannot be accessed by other threads.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 04e57a2d95 ]
If tomoyo is used in a testing/fuzzing environment in learning mode,
for lots of domains the quota will be exceeded and stay exceeded
for prolonged periods of time. In such cases it's pointless (and slow)
to walk the whole acl list again and again just to rediscover that
the quota is exceeded. We already have the TOMOYO_DIF_QUOTA_WARNED flag
that notes the overflow condition. Check it early to avoid the slowdown.
[penguin-kernel]
This patch causes a user visible change that the learning mode will not be
automatically resumed after the quota is increased. To resume the learning
mode, administrator will need to explicitly clear TOMOYO_DIF_QUOTA_WARNED
flag after increasing the quota. But I think that this change is generally
preferable, for administrator likely wants to optimize the acl list for
that domain before increasing the quota, or that domain likely hits the
quota again. Therefore, don't try to care to clear TOMOYO_DIF_QUOTA_WARNED
flag automatically when the quota for that domain changed.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit dc27f3c5d1 upstream.
When the hash table slot array allocation fails in hashtab_init(),
h->size is left initialized with a non-zero value, but the h->htable
pointer is NULL. This may then cause a NULL pointer dereference, since
the policydb code relies on the assumption that even after a failed
hashtab_init(), hashtab_map() and hashtab_destroy() can be safely called
on it. Yet, these detect an empty hashtab only by looking at the size.
Fix this by making sure that hashtab_init() always leaves behind a valid
empty hashtab when the allocation fails.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 03414a49ad ("selinux: do not allocate hashtabs dynamically")
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit a52f8a59ae upstream.
Clang has never correctly compiled the FORTIFY_SOURCE defenses due to
a couple bugs:
Eliding inlines with matching __builtin_* names
https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=50322
Incorrect __builtin_constant_p() of some globals
https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=41459
In the process of making improvements to the FORTIFY_SOURCE defenses, the
first (silent) bug (coincidentally) becomes worked around, but exposes
the latter which breaks the build. As such, Clang must not be used with
CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE until at least latter bug is fixed (in Clang 13),
and the fortify routines have been rearranged.
Update the Kconfig to reflect the reality of the current situation.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAKwvOd=A+ueGV2ihdy5GtgR2fQbcXjjAtVxv3=cPjffpebZB7A@mail.gmail.com
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit d108370c64 ]
clang static analysis reports this representative problem:
label.c:1463:16: warning: Assigned value is garbage or undefined
label->hname = name;
^ ~~~~
In aa_update_label_name(), this the problem block of code
if (aa_label_acntsxprint(&name, ...) == -1)
return res;
On failure, aa_label_acntsxprint() has a more complicated return
that just -1. So check for a negative return.
It was also noted that the aa_label_acntsxprint() main comment refers
to a nonexistent parameter, so clean up the comment.
Fixes: f1bd904175 ("apparmor: add the base fns() for domain labels")
Signed-off-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 0934ad42bb ]
syzbot is reporting UAF at cipso_v4_doi_search() [1], for smk_cipso_doi()
is calling kfree() without removing from the cipso_v4_doi_list list after
netlbl_cfg_cipsov4_map_add() returned an error. We need to use
netlbl_cfg_cipsov4_del() in order to remove from the list and wait for
RCU grace period before kfree().
Link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=93dba5b91f0fed312cbd [1]
Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+93dba5b91f0fed312cbd@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Fixes: 6c2e8ac095 ("netlabel: Update kernel configuration API")
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit eb0782bbdf ]
The current IMA ruleset is identified by the variable "ima_rules"
that default to "&ima_default_rules". When loading a custom policy
for the first time, the variable is updated to "&ima_policy_rules"
instead. That update isn't RCU-safe, and deadlocks are possible.
Indeed, some functions like ima_match_policy() may loop indefinitely
when traversing "ima_default_rules" with list_for_each_entry_rcu().
When iterating over the default ruleset back to head, if the list
head is "ima_default_rules", and "ima_rules" have been updated to
"&ima_policy_rules", the loop condition (&entry->list != ima_rules)
stays always true, traversing won't terminate, causing a soft lockup
and RCU stalls.
Introduce a temporary value for "ima_rules" when iterating over
the ruleset to avoid the deadlocks.
Signed-off-by: liqiong <liqiong@nfschina.com>
Reviewed-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Fixes: 38d859f991 ("IMA: policy can now be updated multiple times")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> (Fix sparse: incompatible types in comparison expression.)
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit f91488ee15 ]
syzbot is reporting kernel panic at smk_cipso_doi() due to memory
allocation fault injection [1]. The reason for need to use panic() was
not explained. But since no fix was proposed for 18 months, for now
let's use __GFP_NOFAIL for utilizing syzbot resource on other bugs.
Link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=89731ccb6fec15ce1c22 [1]
Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+89731ccb6fec15ce1c22@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
[ Upstream commit 0817534ff9 ]
Syzkaller reported use-after-free bug as described in [1]. The bug is
triggered when smk_set_cipso() tries to free stale category bitmaps
while there are concurrent reader(s) using the same bitmaps.
Wait for RCU grace period to finish before freeing the category bitmaps
in smk_set_cipso(). This makes sure that there are no more readers using
the stale bitmaps and freeing them should be safe.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/000000000000a814c505ca657a4e@google.com/
Reported-by: syzbot+3f91de0b813cc3d19a80@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
commit 32ba540f3c upstream.
The evm_fixmode is only configurable by command-line option and it is never
modified outside initcalls, so declaring it with __ro_after_init is better.
Signed-off-by: Austin Kim <austin.kim@lge.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit cbfcd13be5 upstream.
Current code contains a lot of racy patterns when converting an
ocontext's context structure to an SID. This is being done in a "lazy"
fashion, such that the SID is looked up in the SID table only when it's
first needed and then cached in the "sid" field of the ocontext
structure. However, this is done without any locking or memory barriers
and is thus unsafe.
Between commits 24ed7fdae6 ("selinux: use separate table for initial
SID lookup") and 66f8e2f03c ("selinux: sidtab reverse lookup hash
table"), this race condition lead to an actual observable bug, because a
pointer to the shared sid field was passed directly to
sidtab_context_to_sid(), which was using this location to also store an
intermediate value, which could have been read by other threads and
interpreted as an SID. In practice this caused e.g. new mounts to get a
wrong (seemingly random) filesystem context, leading to strange denials.
This bug has been spotted in the wild at least twice, see [1] and [2].
Fix the race condition by making all the racy functions use a common
helper that ensures the ocontext::sid accesses are made safely using the
appropriate SMP constructs.
Note that security_netif_sid() was populating the sid field of both
contexts stored in the ocontext, but only the first one was actually
used. The SELinux wiki's documentation on the "netifcon" policy
statement [3] suggests that using only the first context is intentional.
I kept only the handling of the first context here, as there is really
no point in doing the SID lookup for the unused one.
I wasn't able to reproduce the bug mentioned above on any kernel that
includes commit 66f8e2f03c, even though it has been reported that the
issue occurs with that commit, too, just less frequently. Thus, I wasn't
able to verify that this patch fixes the issue, but it makes sense to
avoid the race condition regardless.
[1] https://github.com/containers/container-selinux/issues/89
[2] https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/selinux@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/6DMTAMHIOAOEMUAVTULJD45JZU7IBAFM/
[3] https://selinuxproject.org/page/NetworkStatements#netifcon
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Xinjie Zheng <xinjie@google.com>
Reported-by: Sujithra Periasamy <sujithra@google.com>
Fixes: 1da177e4c3 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 52f8869337 upstream.
Since binder was integrated with selinux, it has passed
'struct task_struct' associated with the binder_proc
to represent the source and target of transactions.
The conversion of task to SID was then done in the hook
implementations. It turns out that there are race conditions
which can result in an incorrect security context being used.
Fix by using the 'struct cred' saved during binder_open and pass
it to the selinux subsystem.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 5.14 (need backport for earlier stables)
Fixes: 79af73079d ("Add security hooks to binder and implement the hooks for SELinux.")
Suggested-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Todd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Acked-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Pull ucounts fixes from Eric Biederman:
"There has been one very hard to track down bug in the ucount code that
we have been tracking since roughly v5.14 was released. Alex managed
to find a reliable reproducer a few days ago and then I was able to
instrument the code and figure out what the issue was.
It turns out the sigqueue_alloc single atomic operation optimization
did not play nicely with ucounts multiple level rlimits. It turned out
that either sigqueue_alloc or sigqueue_free could be operating on
multiple levels and trigger the conditions for the optimization on
more than one level at the same time.
To deal with that situation I have introduced inc_rlimit_get_ucounts
and dec_rlimit_put_ucounts that just focuses on the optimization and
the rlimit and ucount changes.
While looking into the big bug I found I couple of other little issues
so I am including those fixes here as well.
When I have time I would very much like to dig into process ownership
of the shared signal queue and see if we could pick a single owner for
the entire queue so that all of the rlimits can count to that owner.
That should entirely remove the need to call get_ucounts and
put_ucounts in sigqueue_alloc and sigqueue_free. It is difficult
because Linux unlike POSIX supports setuid that works on a single
thread"
* 'ucount-fixes-for-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace:
ucounts: Move get_ucounts from cred_alloc_blank to key_change_session_keyring
ucounts: Proper error handling in set_cred_ucounts
ucounts: Pair inc_rlimit_ucounts with dec_rlimit_ucoutns in commit_creds
ucounts: Fix signal ucount refcounting
Setting cred->ucounts in cred_alloc_blank does not make sense. The
uid and user_ns are deliberately not set in cred_alloc_blank but
instead the setting is delayed until key_change_session_keyring.
So move dealing with ucounts into key_change_session_keyring as well.
Unfortunately that movement of get_ucounts adds a new failure mode to
key_change_session_keyring. I do not see anything stopping the parent
process from calling setuid and changing the relevant part of it's
cred while keyctl_session_to_parent is running making it fundamentally
necessary to call get_ucounts in key_change_session_keyring. Which
means that the new failure mode cannot be avoided.
A failure of key_change_session_keyring results in a single threaded
parent keeping it's existing credentials. Which results in the parent
process not being able to access the session keyring and whichever
keys are in the new keyring.
Further get_ucounts is only expected to fail if the number of bits in
the refernece count for the structure is too few.
Since the code has no other way to report the failure of get_ucounts
and because such failures are not expected to be common add a WARN_ONCE
to report this problem to userspace.
Between the WARN_ONCE and the parent process not having access to
the keys in the new session keyring I expect any failure of get_ucounts
will be noticed and reported and we can find another way to handle this
condition. (Possibly by just making ucounts->count an atomic_long_t).
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 905ae01c4a ("Add a reference to ucounts for each cred")
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/7k0ias0uf.fsf_-_@disp2133
Tested-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Gladkov <legion@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
ipsec
Steffen Klassert says:
====================
pull request (net): ipsec 2021-10-07
1) Fix a sysbot reported shift-out-of-bounds in xfrm_get_default.
From Pavel Skripkin.
2) Fix XFRM_MSG_MAPPING ABI breakage. The new XFRM_MSG_MAPPING
messages were accidentally not paced at the end.
Fix by Eugene Syromiatnikov.
3) Fix the uapi for the default policy, use explicit field and macros
and make it accessible to userland.
From Nicolas Dichtel.
4) Fix a missing rcu lock in xfrm_notify_userpolicy().
From Nicolas Dichtel.
Please pull or let me know if there are problems.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Jann Horn reported a problem with commit eb1231f73c ("selinux:
clarify task subjective and objective credentials") where some LSM
hooks were attempting to access the subjective credentials of a task
other than the current task. Generally speaking, it is not safe to
access another task's subjective credentials and doing so can cause
a number of problems.
Further, while looking into the problem, I realized that Smack was
suffering from a similar problem brought about by a similar commit
1fb057dcde ("smack: differentiate between subjective and objective
task credentials").
This patch addresses this problem by restoring the use of the task's
objective credentials in those cases where the task is other than the
current executing task. Not only does this resolve the problem
reported by Jann, it is arguably the correct thing to do in these
cases.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: eb1231f73c ("selinux: clarify task subjective and objective credentials")
Fixes: 1fb057dcde ("smack: differentiate between subjective and objective task credentials")
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Acked-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Commit 2d151d3907 ("xfrm: Add possibility to set the default to block
if we have no policy") broke ABI by changing the value of the XFRM_MSG_MAPPING
enum item, thus also evading the build-time check
in security/selinux/nlmsgtab.c:selinux_nlmsg_lookup for presence of proper
security permission checks in nlmsg_xfrm_perms. Fix it by placing
XFRM_MSG_SETDEFAULT/XFRM_MSG_GETDEFAULT to the end of the enum, right before
__XFRM_MSG_MAX, and updating the nlmsg_xfrm_perms accordingly.
Fixes: 2d151d3907 ("xfrm: Add possibility to set the default to block if we have no policy")
References: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20210901151402.GA2557@altlinux.org/
Signed-off-by: Eugene Syromiatnikov <esyr@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Antony Antony <antony.antony@secunet.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com>
- Add -s option (strict mode) to merge_config.sh to make it fail when
any symbol is redefined.
- Show a warning if a different compiler is used for building external
modules.
- Infer --target from ARCH for CC=clang to let you cross-compile the
kernel without CROSS_COMPILE.
- Make the integrated assembler default (LLVM_IAS=1) for CC=clang.
- Add <linux/stdarg.h> to the kernel source instead of borrowing
<stdarg.h> from the compiler.
- Add Nick Desaulniers as a Kbuild reviewer.
- Drop stale cc-option tests.
- Fix the combination of CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS and CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
to handle symbols in inline assembly.
- Show a warning if 'FORCE' is missing for if_changed rules.
- Various cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Add -s option (strict mode) to merge_config.sh to make it fail when
any symbol is redefined.
- Show a warning if a different compiler is used for building external
modules.
- Infer --target from ARCH for CC=clang to let you cross-compile the
kernel without CROSS_COMPILE.
- Make the integrated assembler default (LLVM_IAS=1) for CC=clang.
- Add <linux/stdarg.h> to the kernel source instead of borrowing
<stdarg.h> from the compiler.
- Add Nick Desaulniers as a Kbuild reviewer.
- Drop stale cc-option tests.
- Fix the combination of CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS and CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
to handle symbols in inline assembly.
- Show a warning if 'FORCE' is missing for if_changed rules.
- Various cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (39 commits)
kbuild: redo fake deps at include/ksym/*.h
kbuild: clean up objtool_args slightly
modpost: get the *.mod file path more simply
checkkconfigsymbols.py: Fix the '--ignore' option
kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between ARCH=um and other architectures
kbuild: do not remove 'linux' link in scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between the ordinary link and Clang LTO
kbuild: remove stale *.symversions
kbuild: remove unused quiet_cmd_update_lto_symversions
gen_compile_commands: extract compiler command from a series of commands
x86: remove cc-option-yn test for -mtune=
arc: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
s390: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
ia64: move core-y in arch/ia64/Makefile to arch/ia64/Kbuild
sparc: move the install rule to arch/sparc/Makefile
security: remove unneeded subdir-$(CONFIG_...)
kbuild: sh: remove unused install script
kbuild: Fix 'no symbols' warning when CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSD_KSYMS=y
kbuild: Switch to 'f' variants of integrated assembler flag
kbuild: Shuffle blank line to improve comment meaning
...
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
"173 patches.
Subsystems affected by this series: ia64, ocfs2, block, and mm (debug,
pagecache, gup, swap, shmem, memcg, selftests, pagemap, mremap,
bootmem, sparsemem, vmalloc, kasan, pagealloc, memory-failure,
hugetlb, userfaultfd, vmscan, compaction, mempolicy, memblock,
oom-kill, migration, ksm, percpu, vmstat, and madvise)"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (173 commits)
mm/madvise: add MADV_WILLNEED to process_madvise()
mm/vmstat: remove unneeded return value
mm/vmstat: simplify the array size calculation
mm/vmstat: correct some wrong comments
mm/percpu,c: remove obsolete comments of pcpu_chunk_populated()
selftests: vm: add COW time test for KSM pages
selftests: vm: add KSM merging time test
mm: KSM: fix data type
selftests: vm: add KSM merging across nodes test
selftests: vm: add KSM zero page merging test
selftests: vm: add KSM unmerge test
selftests: vm: add KSM merge test
mm/migrate: correct kernel-doc notation
mm: wire up syscall process_mrelease
mm: introduce process_mrelease system call
memblock: make memblock_find_in_range method private
mm/mempolicy.c: use in_task() in mempolicy_slab_node()
mm/mempolicy: unify the create() func for bind/interleave/prefer-many policies
mm/mempolicy: advertise new MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY
mm/hugetlb: add support for mempolicy MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY
...
find_vma() and variants need protection when used. This patch adds
mmap_assert_lock() calls in the functions.
To make sure the invariant is satisfied, we also need to add a
mmap_read_lock() around the get_user_pages_remote() call in
get_arg_page(). The lock is not strictly necessary because the mm has
been newly created, but the extra cost is limited because the same mutex
was also acquired shortly before in __bprm_mm_init(), so it is hot and
uncontended.
[penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp: TOMOYO needs the same protection which get_arg_page() needs]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/58bb6bf7-a57e-8a40-e74b-39584b415152@i-love.sakura.ne.jp
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210731175341.3458608-1-lrizzo@google.com
Signed-off-by: Luigi Rizzo <lrizzo@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'integrity-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity
Pull integrity subsystem updates from Mimi Zohar:
- Limit the allowed hash algorithms when writing security.ima xattrs or
verifying them, based on the IMA policy and the configured hash
algorithms.
- Return the calculated "critical data" measurement hash and size to
avoid code duplication. (Preparatory change for a proposed LSM.)
- and a single patch to address a compiler warning.
* tag 'integrity-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity:
IMA: reject unknown hash algorithms in ima_get_hash_algo
IMA: prevent SETXATTR_CHECK policy rules with unavailable algorithms
IMA: introduce a new policy option func=SETXATTR_CHECK
IMA: add a policy option to restrict xattr hash algorithms on appraisal
IMA: add support to restrict the hash algorithms used for file appraisal
IMA: block writes of the security.ima xattr with unsupported algorithms
IMA: remove the dependency on CRYPTO_MD5
ima: Add digest and digest_len params to the functions to measure a buffer
ima: Return int in the functions to measure a buffer
ima: Introduce ima_get_current_hash_algo()
IMA: remove -Wmissing-prototypes warning
- Expand lib/test_stackinit to include more initialization styles
- Improve Kconfig for CLang's auto-var-init feature
- Introduce support for GCC's zero-call-used-regs feature
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Merge tag 'hardening-v5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull hardening updates from Kees Cook:
- Expand lib/test_stackinit to include more initialization styles
- Improve Kconfig for CLang's auto-var-init feature
- Introduce support for GCC's zero-call-used-regs feature
* tag 'hardening-v5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
lib/test_stackinit: Add assigned initializers
lib/test_stackinit: Allow building stand-alone
lib/test_stackinit: Fix static initializer test
hardening: Clarify Kconfig text for auto-var-init
hardening: Introduce CONFIG_ZERO_CALL_USED_REGS
- Enable memcg accounting for various networking objects.
BPF:
- Introduce bpf timers.
- Add perf link and opaque bpf_cookie which the program can read
out again, to be used in libbpf-based USDT library.
- Add bpf_task_pt_regs() helper to access user space pt_regs
in kprobes, to help user space stack unwinding.
- Add support for UNIX sockets for BPF sockmap.
- Extend BPF iterator support for UNIX domain sockets.
- Allow BPF TCP congestion control progs and bpf iterators to call
bpf_setsockopt(), e.g. to switch to another congestion control
algorithm.
Protocols:
- Support IOAM Pre-allocated Trace with IPv6.
- Support Management Component Transport Protocol.
- bridge: multicast: add vlan support.
- netfilter: add hooks for the SRv6 lightweight tunnel driver.
- tcp:
- enable mid-stream window clamping (by user space or BPF)
- allow data-less, empty-cookie SYN with TFO_SERVER_COOKIE_NOT_REQD
- more accurate DSACK processing for RACK-TLP
- mptcp:
- add full mesh path manager option
- add partial support for MP_FAIL
- improve use of backup subflows
- optimize option processing
- af_unix: add OOB notification support.
- ipv6: add IFLA_INET6_RA_MTU to expose MTU value advertised by
the router.
- mac80211: Target Wake Time support in AP mode.
- can: j1939: extend UAPI to notify about RX status.
Driver APIs:
- Add page frag support in page pool API.
- Many improvements to the DSA (distributed switch) APIs.
- ethtool: extend IRQ coalesce uAPI with timer reset modes.
- devlink: control which auxiliary devices are created.
- Support CAN PHYs via the generic PHY subsystem.
- Proper cross-chip support for tag_8021q.
- Allow TX forwarding for the software bridge data path to be
offloaded to capable devices.
Drivers:
- veth: more flexible channels number configuration.
- openvswitch: introduce per-cpu upcall dispatch.
- Add internet mix (IMIX) mode to pktgen.
- Transparently handle XDP operations in the bonding driver.
- Add LiteETH network driver.
- Renesas (ravb):
- support Gigabit Ethernet IP
- NXP Ethernet switch (sja1105)
- fast aging support
- support for "H" switch topologies
- traffic termination for ports under VLAN-aware bridge
- Intel 1G Ethernet
- support getcrosststamp() with PCIe PTM (Precision Time
Measurement) for better time sync
- support Credit-Based Shaper (CBS) offload, enabling HW traffic
prioritization and bandwidth reservation
- Broadcom Ethernet (bnxt)
- support pulse-per-second output
- support larger Rx rings
- Mellanox Ethernet (mlx5)
- support ethtool RSS contexts and MQPRIO channel mode
- support LAG offload with bridging
- support devlink rate limit API
- support packet sampling on tunnels
- Huawei Ethernet (hns3):
- basic devlink support
- add extended IRQ coalescing support
- report extended link state
- Netronome Ethernet (nfp):
- add conntrack offload support
- Broadcom WiFi (brcmfmac):
- add WPA3 Personal with FT to supported cipher suites
- support 43752 SDIO device
- Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
- support scanning hidden 6GHz networks
- support for a new hardware family (Bz)
- Xen pv driver:
- harden netfront against malicious backends
- Qualcomm mobile
- ipa: refactor power management and enable automatic suspend
- mhi: move MBIM to WWAN subsystem interfaces
Refactor:
- Ambient BPF run context and cgroup storage cleanup.
- Compat rework for ndo_ioctl.
Old code removal:
- prism54 remove the obsoleted driver, deprecated by the p54 driver.
- wan: remove sbni/granch driver.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'net-next-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
"Core:
- Enable memcg accounting for various networking objects.
BPF:
- Introduce bpf timers.
- Add perf link and opaque bpf_cookie which the program can read out
again, to be used in libbpf-based USDT library.
- Add bpf_task_pt_regs() helper to access user space pt_regs in
kprobes, to help user space stack unwinding.
- Add support for UNIX sockets for BPF sockmap.
- Extend BPF iterator support for UNIX domain sockets.
- Allow BPF TCP congestion control progs and bpf iterators to call
bpf_setsockopt(), e.g. to switch to another congestion control
algorithm.
Protocols:
- Support IOAM Pre-allocated Trace with IPv6.
- Support Management Component Transport Protocol.
- bridge: multicast: add vlan support.
- netfilter: add hooks for the SRv6 lightweight tunnel driver.
- tcp:
- enable mid-stream window clamping (by user space or BPF)
- allow data-less, empty-cookie SYN with TFO_SERVER_COOKIE_NOT_REQD
- more accurate DSACK processing for RACK-TLP
- mptcp:
- add full mesh path manager option
- add partial support for MP_FAIL
- improve use of backup subflows
- optimize option processing
- af_unix: add OOB notification support.
- ipv6: add IFLA_INET6_RA_MTU to expose MTU value advertised by the
router.
- mac80211: Target Wake Time support in AP mode.
- can: j1939: extend UAPI to notify about RX status.
Driver APIs:
- Add page frag support in page pool API.
- Many improvements to the DSA (distributed switch) APIs.
- ethtool: extend IRQ coalesce uAPI with timer reset modes.
- devlink: control which auxiliary devices are created.
- Support CAN PHYs via the generic PHY subsystem.
- Proper cross-chip support for tag_8021q.
- Allow TX forwarding for the software bridge data path to be
offloaded to capable devices.
Drivers:
- veth: more flexible channels number configuration.
- openvswitch: introduce per-cpu upcall dispatch.
- Add internet mix (IMIX) mode to pktgen.
- Transparently handle XDP operations in the bonding driver.
- Add LiteETH network driver.
- Renesas (ravb):
- support Gigabit Ethernet IP
- NXP Ethernet switch (sja1105):
- fast aging support
- support for "H" switch topologies
- traffic termination for ports under VLAN-aware bridge
- Intel 1G Ethernet
- support getcrosststamp() with PCIe PTM (Precision Time
Measurement) for better time sync
- support Credit-Based Shaper (CBS) offload, enabling HW traffic
prioritization and bandwidth reservation
- Broadcom Ethernet (bnxt)
- support pulse-per-second output
- support larger Rx rings
- Mellanox Ethernet (mlx5)
- support ethtool RSS contexts and MQPRIO channel mode
- support LAG offload with bridging
- support devlink rate limit API
- support packet sampling on tunnels
- Huawei Ethernet (hns3):
- basic devlink support
- add extended IRQ coalescing support
- report extended link state
- Netronome Ethernet (nfp):
- add conntrack offload support
- Broadcom WiFi (brcmfmac):
- add WPA3 Personal with FT to supported cipher suites
- support 43752 SDIO device
- Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
- support scanning hidden 6GHz networks
- support for a new hardware family (Bz)
- Xen pv driver:
- harden netfront against malicious backends
- Qualcomm mobile
- ipa: refactor power management and enable automatic suspend
- mhi: move MBIM to WWAN subsystem interfaces
Refactor:
- Ambient BPF run context and cgroup storage cleanup.
- Compat rework for ndo_ioctl.
Old code removal:
- prism54 remove the obsoleted driver, deprecated by the p54 driver.
- wan: remove sbni/granch driver"
* tag 'net-next-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1715 commits)
net: Add depends on OF_NET for LiteX's LiteETH
ipv6: seg6: remove duplicated include
net: hns3: remove unnecessary spaces
net: hns3: add some required spaces
net: hns3: clean up a type mismatch warning
net: hns3: refine function hns3_set_default_feature()
ipv6: remove duplicated 'net/lwtunnel.h' include
net: w5100: check return value after calling platform_get_resource()
net/mlxbf_gige: Make use of devm_platform_ioremap_resourcexxx()
net: mdio: mscc-miim: Make use of the helper function devm_platform_ioremap_resource()
net: mdio-ipq4019: Make use of devm_platform_ioremap_resource()
fou: remove sparse errors
ipv4: fix endianness issue in inet_rtm_getroute_build_skb()
octeontx2-af: Set proper errorcode for IPv4 checksum errors
octeontx2-af: Fix static code analyzer reported issues
octeontx2-af: Fix mailbox errors in nix_rss_flowkey_cfg
octeontx2-af: Fix loop in free and unmap counter
af_unix: fix potential NULL deref in unix_dgram_connect()
dpaa2-eth: Replace strlcpy with strscpy
octeontx2-af: Use NDC TX for transmit packet data
...
are the basis for deploying DM-based storage in a "cloud" that must
validate configurations end-users run to maintain trust. These DM
changes allow supported DM targets' configurations to be measured
via IMA. But the policy and enforcement (of which configurations are
valid) is managed by something outside the kernel (e.g. Keylime).
- Fix DM crypt scalability regression on systems with many cpus due to
percpu_counter spinlock contention in crypt_page_alloc().
- Use in_hardirq() instead of deprecated in_irq() in DM crypt.
- Add event counters to DM writecache to allow users to further assess
how the writecache is performing.
- Various code cleanup in DM writecache's main IO mapping function.
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Merge tag 'for-5.15/dm-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm
Pull device mapper updates from Mike Snitzer:
- Add DM infrastructure for IMA-based remote attestion. These changes
are the basis for deploying DM-based storage in a "cloud" that must
validate configurations end-users run to maintain trust. These DM
changes allow supported DM targets' configurations to be measured via
IMA. But the policy and enforcement (of which configurations are
valid) is managed by something outside the kernel (e.g. Keylime).
- Fix DM crypt scalability regression on systems with many cpus due to
percpu_counter spinlock contention in crypt_page_alloc().
- Use in_hardirq() instead of deprecated in_irq() in DM crypt.
- Add event counters to DM writecache to allow users to further assess
how the writecache is performing.
- Various code cleanup in DM writecache's main IO mapping function.
* tag 'for-5.15/dm-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm:
dm crypt: use in_hardirq() instead of deprecated in_irq()
dm ima: update dm documentation for ima measurement support
dm ima: update dm target attributes for ima measurements
dm ima: add a warning in dm_init if duplicate ima events are not measured
dm ima: prefix ima event name related to device mapper with dm_
dm ima: add version info to dm related events in ima log
dm ima: prefix dm table hashes in ima log with hash algorithm
dm crypt: Avoid percpu_counter spinlock contention in crypt_page_alloc()
dm: add documentation for IMA measurement support
dm: update target status functions to support IMA measurement
dm ima: measure data on device rename
dm ima: measure data on table clear
dm ima: measure data on device remove
dm ima: measure data on device resume
dm ima: measure data on table load
dm writecache: add event counters
dm writecache: report invalid return from writecache_map helpers
dm writecache: further writecache_map() cleanup
dm writecache: factor out writecache_map_remap_origin()
dm writecache: split up writecache_map() to improve code readability
mark 'smack_enabled' global variable as __initdata
Fix wrong semantics in smk_access_entry()
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Merge tag 'Smack-for-5.15' of git://github.com/cschaufler/smack-next
Pull smack updates from Casey Schaufler:
"There is a variable used only during start-up that's now marked
__initdata and a change where the code was working by sheer luck that
is now done properly.
Both have been in next for several weeks and pass the Smack testsuite"
* tag 'Smack-for-5.15' of git://github.com/cschaufler/smack-next:
smack: mark 'smack_enabled' global variable as __initdata
Smack: Fix wrong semantics in smk_access_entry()
Pull selinux update from Paul Moore:
"We've got an unusually small SELinux pull request for v5.15 that
consists of only one (?!) patch that is really pretty minor when you
look at it.
Unsurprisingly it passes all of our tests and merges cleanly on top of
your tree right now, please merge this for v5.15"
* tag 'selinux-pr-20210830' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/selinux:
selinux: return early for possible NULL audit buffers
- EFI CPER parsing improvements,
- Don't take the address of efi_guid_t internal fields
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'efi-core-2021-08-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull EFI updates from Ingo Molnar:
"A handful of EFI changes for this cycle:
- EFI CPER parsing improvements
- Don't take the address of efi_guid_t internal fields"
* tag 'efi-core-2021-08-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
efi: cper: check section header more appropriately
efi: Don't use knowledge about efi_guid_t internals
efi: cper: fix scnprintf() use in cper_mem_err_location()
When print GUIDs supply pointer to the efi_guid_t (guid_t) type rather
its internal members.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
The new function validate_hash_algo() assumed that ima_get_hash_algo()
always return a valid 'enum hash_algo', but it returned the
user-supplied value present in the digital signature without
any bounds checks.
Update ima_get_hash_algo() to always return a valid hash algorithm,
defaulting on 'ima_hash_algo' when the user-supplied value inside
the xattr is invalid.
Signed-off-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Reported-by: syzbot+e8bafe7b82c739eaf153@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 50f742dd91 ("IMA: block writes of the security.ima xattr with unsupported algorithms")
Reviewed-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
SETXATTR_CHECK policy rules assume that any algorithm listed in the
'appraise_algos' flag must be accepted when performing setxattr() on
the security.ima xattr. However nothing checks that they are
available in the current kernel. A userland application could hash
a file with a digest that the kernel wouldn't be able to verify.
However, if SETXATTR_CHECK is not in use, the kernel already forbids
that xattr write.
Verify that algorithms listed in appraise_algos are available to the
current kernel and reject the policy update otherwise. This will fix
the inconsistency between SETXATTR_CHECK and non-SETXATTR_CHECK
behaviors.
That filtering is only performed in ima_parse_appraise_algos() when
updating policies so that we do not have to pay the price of
allocating a hash object every time validate_hash_algo() is called
in ima_inode_setxattr().
Signed-off-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
While users can restrict the accepted hash algorithms for the
security.ima xattr file signature when appraising said file, users
cannot restrict the algorithms that can be set on that attribute:
any algorithm built in the kernel is accepted on a write.
Define a new value for the ima policy option 'func' that restricts
globally the hash algorithms accepted when writing the security.ima
xattr.
When a policy contains a rule of the form
appraise func=SETXATTR_CHECK appraise_algos=sha256,sha384,sha512
only values corresponding to one of these three digest algorithms
will be accepted for writing the security.ima xattr. Attempting to
write the attribute using another algorithm (or "free-form" data)
will be denied with an audit log message. In the absence of such a
policy rule, the default is still to only accept hash algorithms
built in the kernel (with all the limitations that entails).
Signed-off-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Reviewed-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
The kernel has the ability to restrict the set of hash algorithms it
accepts for the security.ima xattr when it appraises files.
Define a new IMA policy rule option "appraise_algos=", using the
mentioned mechanism to expose a user-toggable policy knob to opt-in
to that restriction and select the desired set of algorithms that
must be accepted.
When a policy rule uses the 'appraise_algos' option, appraisal of a
file referenced by that rule will now fail if the digest algorithm
employed to hash the file was not one of those explicitly listed in
the option. In its absence, any hash algorithm compiled in the
kernel will be accepted.
For example, on a system where SELinux is properly deployed, the rule
appraise func=BPRM_CHECK obj_type=iptables_exec_t \
appraise_algos=sha256,sha384
will block the execution of iptables if the xattr security.ima of its
executables were not hashed with either sha256 or sha384.
Signed-off-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Reviewed-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>