Adding fully unmapped pages into deferred split queue is not productive:
these pages are about to be freed or they are pinned and cannot be split
anyway.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190913091849.11151-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The __page_check_anon_rmap() just calls two BUG_ON()s protected by
CONFIG_DEBUG_VM, the #ifdef could be eliminated by using VM_BUG_ON_PAGE().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1573157346-111316-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace DESTROY_BY_RCU with SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU because
SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU has been renamed to SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU by commit
5f0d5a3ae7 ("mm: Rename SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU to SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191017093554.22562-1-miles.chen@mediatek.com
Signed-off-by: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In __anon_vma_prepare(), we will try to find anon_vma if it is possible to
reuse it. While on fork, the logic is different.
Since commit 5beb493052 ("mm: change anon_vma linking to fix
multi-process server scalability issue"), function anon_vma_clone() tries
to allocate new anon_vma for child process. But the logic here will
allocate a new anon_vma for each vma, even in parent this vma is mergeable
and share the same anon_vma with its sibling. This may do better for
scalability issue, while it is not necessary to do so especially after
interval tree is used.
Commit 7a3ef208e6 ("mm: prevent endless growth of anon_vma hierarchy")
tries to reuse some anon_vma by counting child anon_vma and attached vmas.
While for those mergeable anon_vmas, we can just reuse it and not
necessary to go through the logic.
After this change, kernel build test reduces 20% anon_vma allocation.
Do the same kernel build test, it shows run time in sys reduced 11.6%.
Origin:
real 2m50.467s
user 17m52.002s
sys 1m51.953s
real 2m48.662s
user 17m55.464s
sys 1m50.553s
real 2m51.143s
user 17m59.687s
sys 1m53.600s
Patched:
real 2m39.933s
user 17m1.835s
sys 1m38.802s
real 2m39.321s
user 17m1.634s
sys 1m39.206s
real 2m39.575s
user 17m1.420s
sys 1m38.845s
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191011072256.16275-2-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Jérôme Glisse" <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before commit 7a3ef208e6 ("mm: prevent endless growth of anon_vma
hierarchy"), anon_vma_clone() doesn't change dst->anon_vma. While after
this commit, anon_vma_clone() will try to reuse an exist one on forking.
But this commit go a little bit further for the case not forking.
anon_vma_clone() is called from __vma_split(), __split_vma(), copy_vma()
and anon_vma_fork(). For the first three places, the purpose here is
get a copy of src and we don't expect to touch dst->anon_vma even it is
NULL.
While after that commit, it is possible to reuse an anon_vma when
dst->anon_vma is NULL. This is not we intend to have.
This patch stops reuse of anon_vma for non-fork cases.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191011072256.16275-1-richardw.yang@linux.intel.com
Fixes: 7a3ef208e6 ("mm: prevent endless growth of anon_vma hierarchy")
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Jérôme Glisse" <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Include <linux/huge_mm.h> for the definition of is_vma_temporary_stack
to fix the following sparse warning:
mm/rmap.c:1673:6: warning: symbol 'is_vma_temporary_stack' was not declared. Should it be static?
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191009151155.27763-1-ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch is (hopefully) the first step to enable THP for non-shmem
filesystems.
This patch enables an application to put part of its text sections to THP
via madvise, for example:
madvise((void *)0x600000, 0x200000, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
We tried to reuse the logic for THP on tmpfs.
Currently, write is not supported for non-shmem THP. khugepaged will only
process vma with VM_DENYWRITE. sys_mmap() ignores VM_DENYWRITE requests
(see ksys_mmap_pgoff). The only way to create vma with VM_DENYWRITE is
execve(). This requirement limits non-shmem THP to text sections.
The next patch will handle writes, which would only happen when the all
the vmas with VM_DENYWRITE are unmapped.
An EXPERIMENTAL config, READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS, is added to gate this
feature.
[songliubraving@fb.com: fix build without CONFIG_SHMEM]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/F53407FB-96CC-42E8-9862-105C92CC2B98@fb.com
[songliubraving@fb.com: fix double unlock in collapse_file()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/B960CBFA-8EFC-4DA4-ABC5-1977FFF2CA57@fb.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190801184244.3169074-7-songliubraving@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace 1 << compound_order(page) with compound_nr(page). Minor
improvements in readability.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190721104612.19120-4-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Make working with compound pages easier", v2.
These three patches add three helpers and convert the appropriate
places to use them.
This patch (of 3):
It's unnecessarily hard to find out the size of a potentially huge page.
Replace 'PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page)' with page_size(page).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190721104612.19120-2-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fixes gcc '-Wunused-but-set-variable' warning:
mm/rmap.c: In function page_mkclean_one:
mm/rmap.c:906:17: warning: variable cstart set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
It is not used any more since
commit cdb07bdea2 ("mm/rmap.c: remove redundant variable cend")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190724141453.38536-1-yuehaibing@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com>
Reported-by: Hulk Robot <hulkci@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When migrating an anonymous private page to a ZONE_DEVICE private page,
the source page->mapping and page->index fields are copied to the
destination ZONE_DEVICE struct page and the page_mapcount() is
increased. This is so rmap_walk() can be used to unmap and migrate the
page back to system memory.
However, try_to_unmap_one() computes the subpage pointer from a swap pte
which computes an invalid page pointer and a kernel panic results such
as:
BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffea1fffffffc8
Currently, only single pages can be migrated to device private memory so
no subpage computation is needed and it can be set to "page".
[rcampbell@nvidia.com: add comment]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190724232700.23327-4-rcampbell@nvidia.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190719192955.30462-4-rcampbell@nvidia.com
Fixes: a5430dda8a ("mm/migrate: support un-addressable ZONE_DEVICE page in migration")
Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Cc: "Jérôme Glisse" <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have the pra.mapcount already, and there is no need to call the
page_mapped() which may do some complicated computing for compound page.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190404054828.2731-1-sjhuang@iluvatar.ai
Signed-off-by: Huang Shijie <sjhuang@iluvatar.ai>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This updates each existing invalidation to use the correct mmu notifier
event that represent what is happening to the CPU page table. See the
patch which introduced the events to see the rational behind this.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190326164747.24405-7-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krcmar <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Christian Koenig <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CPU page table update can happens for many reasons, not only as a result
of a syscall (munmap(), mprotect(), mremap(), madvise(), ...) but also as
a result of kernel activities (memory compression, reclaim, migration,
...).
Users of mmu notifier API track changes to the CPU page table and take
specific action for them. While current API only provide range of virtual
address affected by the change, not why the changes is happening.
This patchset do the initial mechanical convertion of all the places that
calls mmu_notifier_range_init to also provide the default MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP
event as well as the vma if it is know (most invalidation happens against
a given vma). Passing down the vma allows the users of mmu notifier to
inspect the new vma page protection.
The MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP is always the safe default as users of mmu notifier
should assume that every for the range is going away when that event
happens. A latter patch do convert mm call path to use a more appropriate
events for each call.
This is done as 2 patches so that no call site is forgotten especialy
as it uses this following coccinelle patch:
%<----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@
identifier I1, I2, I3, I4;
@@
static inline void mmu_notifier_range_init(struct mmu_notifier_range *I1,
+enum mmu_notifier_event event,
+unsigned flags,
+struct vm_area_struct *vma,
struct mm_struct *I2, unsigned long I3, unsigned long I4) { ... }
@@
@@
-#define mmu_notifier_range_init(range, mm, start, end)
+#define mmu_notifier_range_init(range, event, flags, vma, mm, start, end)
@@
expression E1, E3, E4;
identifier I1;
@@
<...
mmu_notifier_range_init(E1,
+MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, I1,
I1->vm_mm, E3, E4)
...>
@@
expression E1, E2, E3, E4;
identifier FN, VMA;
@@
FN(..., struct vm_area_struct *VMA, ...) {
<...
mmu_notifier_range_init(E1,
+MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, VMA,
E2, E3, E4)
...> }
@@
expression E1, E2, E3, E4;
identifier FN, VMA;
@@
FN(...) {
struct vm_area_struct *VMA;
<...
mmu_notifier_range_init(E1,
+MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, VMA,
E2, E3, E4)
...> }
@@
expression E1, E2, E3, E4;
identifier FN;
@@
FN(...) {
<...
mmu_notifier_range_init(E1,
+MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, NULL,
E2, E3, E4)
...> }
---------------------------------------------------------------------->%
Applied with:
spatch --all-includes --sp-file mmu-notifier.spatch fs/proc/task_mmu.c --in-place
spatch --sp-file mmu-notifier.spatch --dir kernel/events/ --in-place
spatch --sp-file mmu-notifier.spatch --dir mm --in-place
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190326164747.24405-6-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krcmar <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Christian Koenig <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
MADV_DONTNEED is handled with mmap_sem taken in read mode. We call
page_mkclean without holding mmap_sem.
MADV_DONTNEED implies that pages in the region are unmapped and subsequent
access to the pages in that range is handled as a new page fault. This
implies that if we don't have parallel access to the region when
MADV_DONTNEED is run we expect those range to be unallocated.
w.r.t page_mkclean() we need to make sure that we don't break the
MADV_DONTNEED semantics. MADV_DONTNEED check for pmd_none without holding
pmd_lock. This implies we skip the pmd if we temporarily mark pmd none.
Avoid doing that while marking the page clean.
Keep the sequence same for dax too even though we don't support
MADV_DONTNEED for dax mapping
The bug was noticed by code review and I didn't observe any failures w.r.t
test run. This is similar to
commit 58ceeb6bec
Author: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Date: Thu Apr 13 14:56:26 2017 -0700
thp: fix MADV_DONTNEED vs. MADV_FREE race
commit ced108037c
Author: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Date: Thu Apr 13 14:56:20 2017 -0700
thp: fix MADV_DONTNEED vs. numa balancing race
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190321040610.14226-1-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc:"Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have common pattern to access lru_lock from a page pointer:
zone_lru_lock(page_zone(page))
Which is silly, because it unfolds to this:
&NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page))->node_zones[page_zonenum(page)]->zone_pgdat->lru_lock
while we can simply do
&NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page))->lru_lock
Remove zone_lru_lock() function, since it's only complicate things. Use
'page_pgdat(page)->lru_lock' pattern instead.
[aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: a slightly better version of __split_huge_page()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190301121651.7741-1-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190228083329.31892-2-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The conversion to use a structure for mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_*()
unintentionally changed the usage in try_to_unmap_one() to init the
'struct mmu_notifier_range' with vma->vm_start instead of @address,
i.e. it invalidates the wrong address range. Revert to the correct
address range.
Manifests as KVM use-after-free WARNINGs and subsequent "BUG: Bad page
state in process X" errors when reclaiming from a KVM guest due to KVM
removing the wrong pages from its own mappings.
Reported-by: leozinho29_eu@hotmail.com
Reported-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Reported-and-tested-by: Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
Reviewed-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Pankaj gupta <pagupta@redhat.com>
Cc: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Felix Kuehling <felix.kuehling@amd.com>
Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Fixes: ac46d4f3c4 ("mm/mmu_notifier: use structure for invalidate_range_start/end calls v2")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts b43a999005
The reverted commit caused issues with migration and poisoning of anon
huge pages. The LTP move_pages12 test will cause an "unable to handle
kernel NULL pointer" BUG would occur with stack similar to:
RIP: 0010:down_write+0x1b/0x40
Call Trace:
migrate_pages+0x81f/0xb90
__ia32_compat_sys_migrate_pages+0x190/0x190
do_move_pages_to_node.isra.53.part.54+0x2a/0x50
kernel_move_pages+0x566/0x7b0
__x64_sys_move_pages+0x24/0x30
do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x180
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
The purpose of the reverted patch was to fix some long existing races
with huge pmd sharing. It used i_mmap_rwsem for this purpose with the
idea that this could also be used to address truncate/page fault races
with another patch. Further analysis has determined that i_mmap_rwsem
can not be used to address all these hugetlbfs synchronization issues.
Therefore, revert this patch while working an another approach to the
underlying issues.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190103235452.29335-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Prakash Sangappa <prakash.sangappa@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
While looking at BUGs associated with invalid huge page map counts, it was
discovered and observed that a huge pte pointer could become 'invalid' and
point to another task's page table. Consider the following:
A task takes a page fault on a shared hugetlbfs file and calls
huge_pte_alloc to get a ptep. Suppose the returned ptep points to a
shared pmd.
Now, another task truncates the hugetlbfs file. As part of truncation, it
unmaps everyone who has the file mapped. If the range being truncated is
covered by a shared pmd, huge_pmd_unshare will be called. For all but the
last user of the shared pmd, huge_pmd_unshare will clear the pud pointing
to the pmd. If the task in the middle of the page fault is not the last
user, the ptep returned by huge_pte_alloc now points to another task's
page table or worse. This leads to bad things such as incorrect page
map/reference counts or invalid memory references.
To fix, expand the use of i_mmap_rwsem as follows:
- i_mmap_rwsem is held in read mode whenever huge_pmd_share is called.
huge_pmd_share is only called via huge_pte_alloc, so callers of
huge_pte_alloc take i_mmap_rwsem before calling. In addition, callers
of huge_pte_alloc continue to hold the semaphore until finished with the
ptep.
- i_mmap_rwsem is held in write mode whenever huge_pmd_unshare is
called.
[mike.kravetz@oracle.com: add explicit check for mapping != null]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181218223557.5202-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Fixes: 39dde65c99 ("shared page table for hugetlb page")
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Prakash Sangappa <prakash.sangappa@oracle.com>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This function is identical to __page_set_anon_rmap() since the time, when
it was introduced (8 years ago). The patch removes the function, and
makes its users to use __page_set_anon_rmap() instead.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/154504875359.30235.6237926369392564851.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To avoid having to change many call sites everytime we want to add a
parameter use a structure to group all parameters for the mmu_notifier
invalidate_range_start/end cakks. No functional changes with this patch.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181205053628.3210-3-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krcmar <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Felix Kuehling <felix.kuehling@amd.com>
Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
From: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Subject: mm/mmu_notifier: use structure for invalidate_range_start/end calls v3
fix build warning in migrate.c when CONFIG_MMU_NOTIFIER=n
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181213171330.8489-3-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The term "freeze" is used in several ways in the kernel, and in mm it
has the particular meaning of forcing page refcount temporarily to 0.
freeze_page() is just too confusing a name for a function that unmaps a
page: rename it unmap_page(), and rename unfreeze_page() remap_page().
Went to change the mention of freeze_page() added later in mm/rmap.c,
but found it to be incorrect: ordinary page reclaim reaches there too;
but the substance of the comment still seems correct, so edit it down.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LSU.2.11.1811261514080.2275@eggly.anvils
Fixes: e9b61f1985 ("thp: reintroduce split_huge_page()")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.8+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The page migration code employs try_to_unmap() to try and unmap the source
page. This is accomplished by using rmap_walk to find all vmas where the
page is mapped. This search stops when page mapcount is zero. For shared
PMD huge pages, the page map count is always 1 no matter the number of
mappings. Shared mappings are tracked via the reference count of the PMD
page. Therefore, try_to_unmap stops prematurely and does not completely
unmap all mappings of the source page.
This problem can result is data corruption as writes to the original
source page can happen after contents of the page are copied to the target
page. Hence, data is lost.
This problem was originally seen as DB corruption of shared global areas
after a huge page was soft offlined due to ECC memory errors. DB
developers noticed they could reproduce the issue by (hotplug) offlining
memory used to back huge pages. A simple testcase can reproduce the
problem by creating a shared PMD mapping (note that this must be at least
PUD_SIZE in size and PUD_SIZE aligned (1GB on x86)), and using
migrate_pages() to migrate process pages between nodes while continually
writing to the huge pages being migrated.
To fix, have the try_to_unmap_one routine check for huge PMD sharing by
calling huge_pmd_unshare for hugetlbfs huge pages. If it is a shared
mapping it will be 'unshared' which removes the page table entry and drops
the reference on the PMD page. After this, flush caches and TLB.
mmu notifiers are called before locking page tables, but we can not be
sure of PMD sharing until page tables are locked. Therefore, check for
the possibility of PMD sharing before locking so that notifiers can
prepare for the worst possible case.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180823205917.16297-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
[mike.kravetz@oracle.com: make _range_in_vma() a static inline]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6063f215-a5c8-2f0c-465a-2c515ddc952d@oracle.com
Fixes: 39dde65c99 ("shared page table for hugetlb page")
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
KVM guests on s390 can notify the host of unused pages. This can result
in pte_unused callbacks to be true for KVM guest memory.
If a page is unused (checked with pte_unused) we might drop this page
instead of paging it. This can have side-effects on userfaultd, when
the page in question was already migrated:
The next access of that page will trigger a fault and a user fault
instead of faulting in a new and empty zero page. As QEMU does not
expect a userfault on an already migrated page this migration will fail.
The most straightforward solution is to ignore the pte_unused hint if a
userfault context is active for this VMA.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180703171854.63981-1-borntraeger@de.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
iQFSBAABCAA8FiEEq68RxlopcLEwq+PEeb4+QwBBGIYFAlrdQu4eHHRvcnZhbGRz
QGxpbnV4LWZvdW5kYXRpb24ub3JnAAoJEHm+PkMAQRiGVjEIAJqS+sFJCAL8rNAv
tiVJHuAjogVdZGJJFBUWyb4yNZw7nRSKfitaSe875WdF55IGEhnMDbAGe7IMEb5j
1F8Ml2bzJzMWxfBWAzeU+wj6FaQksbIsI1gVM8tqk/Wtu121pB32VW8R82oHg+Hr
sjsFTKFicNsqih+7QTVujaRjSmabKf0/JdyYM6p1cqWrxZQ0pmFaGDu0rwet9PFx
lJsewOmnoZ0GV/Qzn40E304Xf+Vv2gVDVbC5wY86ejNigFt+5qN+gtDqDu7UkftR
ZfD4vJuiKCigNfUrpbJWfpbegBiQc0JMvjLWWhgo/AYdGhNGMlwjQanh2oZcXlrw
VmrNduo=
=/j3z
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Merge tag 'v4.17-rc2' into docs-next
Merge -rc2 to pick up the changes to
Documentation/core-api/kernel-api.rst that hit mainline via the
networking tree. In their absence, subsequent patches cannot be
applied.
My testing for the latest kernel supporting thp migration showed an
infinite loop in offlining the memory block that is filled with shmem
thps. We can get out of the loop with a signal, but kernel should return
with failure in this case.
What happens in the loop is that scan_movable_pages() repeats returning
the same pfn without any progress. That's because page migration always
fails for shmem thps.
In memory offline code, memory blocks containing unmovable pages should be
prevented from being offline targets by has_unmovable_pages() inside
start_isolate_page_range(). So it's possible to change migratability for
non-anonymous thps to avoid the issue, but it introduces more complex and
thp-specific handling in migration code, so it might not good.
So this patch is suggesting to fix the issue by enabling thp migration for
shmem thp. Both of anon/shmem thp are migratable so we don't need
precheck about the type of thps.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406030706.GA2434@hori1.linux.bs1.fc.nec.co.jp
Fixes: commit 72b39cfc4d ("mm, memory_hotplug: do not fail offlining too early")
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@sent.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Mike Rapoport says:
These patches convert files in Documentation/vm to ReST format, add an
initial index and link it to the top level documentation.
There are no contents changes in the documentation, except few spelling
fixes. The relatively large diffstat stems from the indentation and
paragraph wrapping changes.
I've tried to keep the formatting as consistent as possible, but I could
miss some places that needed markup and add some markup where it was not
necessary.
[jc: significant conflicts in vm/hmm.rst]
Remove the address_space ->tree_lock and use the xa_lock newly added to
the radix_tree_root. Rename the address_space ->page_tree to ->i_pages,
since we don't really care that it's a tree.
[willy@infradead.org: fix nds32, fs/dax.c]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406145415.GB20605@bombadil.infradead.orgLink: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180313132639.17387-9-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If a processor supports special metadata for a page, for example ADI
version tags on SPARC M7, this metadata must be saved when the page is
swapped out. The same metadata must be restored when the page is swapped
back in. This patch adds two new architecture specific functions -
arch_do_swap_page() to be called when a page is swapped in, and
arch_unmap_one() to be called when a page is being unmapped for swap
out. These architecture hooks allow page metadata to be saved if the
architecture supports it.
Signed-off-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com>
Cc: Khalid Aziz <khalid@gonehiking.org>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Yznaga <anthony.yznaga@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Most callers users of free_hot_cold_page claim the pages being released
are cache hot. The exception is the page reclaim paths where it is
likely that enough pages will be freed in the near future that the
per-cpu lists are going to be recycled and the cache hotness information
is lost. As no one really cares about the hotness of pages being
released to the allocator, just ditch the parameter.
The APIs are renamed to indicate that it's no longer about hot/cold
pages. It should also be less confusing as there are subtle differences
between them. __free_pages drops a reference and frees a page when the
refcount reaches zero. free_hot_cold_page handled pages whose refcount
was already zero which is non-obvious from the name. free_unref_page
should be more obvious.
No performance impact is expected as the overhead is marginal. The
parameter is removed simply because it is a bit stupid to have a useless
parameter copied everywhere.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: add pages to head, not tail]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171019154321.qtpzaeftoyyw4iey@techsingularity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-8-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Variable cend is set but never read, hence it is redundant and can be
removed.
Cleans up clang build warning: Value stored to 'cend' is never read
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171011174942.1372-1-colin.king@canonical.com
Fixes: 369ea8242c ("mm/rmap: update to new mmu_notifier semantic v2")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch only affects users of mmu_notifier->invalidate_range callback
which are device drivers related to ATS/PASID, CAPI, IOMMUv2, SVM ...
and it is an optimization for those users. Everyone else is unaffected
by it.
When clearing a pte/pmd we are given a choice to notify the event under
the page table lock (notify version of *_clear_flush helpers do call the
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range). But that notification is not necessary
in all cases.
This patch removes almost all cases where it is useless to have a call
to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range before
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end. It also adds documentation in all
those cases explaining why.
Below is a more in depth analysis of why this is fine to do this:
For secondary TLB (non CPU TLB) like IOMMU TLB or device TLB (when
device use thing like ATS/PASID to get the IOMMU to walk the CPU page
table to access a process virtual address space). There is only 2 cases
when you need to notify those secondary TLB while holding page table
lock when clearing a pte/pmd:
A) page backing address is free before mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end
B) a page table entry is updated to point to a new page (COW, write fault
on zero page, __replace_page(), ...)
Case A is obvious you do not want to take the risk for the device to write
to a page that might now be used by something completely different.
Case B is more subtle. For correctness it requires the following sequence
to happen:
- take page table lock
- clear page table entry and notify (pmd/pte_huge_clear_flush_notify())
- set page table entry to point to new page
If clearing the page table entry is not followed by a notify before setting
the new pte/pmd value then you can break memory model like C11 or C++11 for
the device.
Consider the following scenario (device use a feature similar to ATS/
PASID):
Two address addrA and addrB such that |addrA - addrB| >= PAGE_SIZE we
assume they are write protected for COW (other case of B apply too).
[Time N] -----------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {try to write to addrA}
CPU-thread-1 {try to write to addrB}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {read addrA and populate device TLB}
DEV-thread-2 {read addrB and populate device TLB}
[Time N+1] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {COW_step0: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(addrA)}}
CPU-thread-1 {COW_step0: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(addrB)}}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {}
DEV-thread-2 {}
[Time N+2] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {COW_step1: {update page table point to new page for addrA}}
CPU-thread-1 {COW_step1: {update page table point to new page for addrB}}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {}
DEV-thread-2 {}
[Time N+3] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {preempted}
CPU-thread-1 {preempted}
CPU-thread-2 {write to addrA which is a write to new page}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {}
DEV-thread-2 {}
[Time N+3] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {preempted}
CPU-thread-1 {preempted}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {write to addrB which is a write to new page}
DEV-thread-0 {}
DEV-thread-2 {}
[Time N+4] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {preempted}
CPU-thread-1 {COW_step3: {mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(addrB)}}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {}
DEV-thread-2 {}
[Time N+5] ---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU-thread-0 {preempted}
CPU-thread-1 {}
CPU-thread-2 {}
CPU-thread-3 {}
DEV-thread-0 {read addrA from old page}
DEV-thread-2 {read addrB from new page}
So here because at time N+2 the clear page table entry was not pair with a
notification to invalidate the secondary TLB, the device see the new value
for addrB before seing the new value for addrA. This break total memory
ordering for the device.
When changing a pte to write protect or to point to a new write protected
page with same content (KSM) it is ok to delay invalidate_range callback
to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end() outside the page table lock. This
is true even if the thread doing page table update is preempted right
after releasing page table lock before calling
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end
Thanks to Andrea for thinking of a problematic scenario for COW.
[jglisse@redhat.com: v2]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171017031003.7481-2-jglisse@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170901173011.10745-1-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Alistair Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allow interval trees to quickly check for overlaps to avoid unnecesary
tree lookups in interval_tree_iter_first().
As of this patch, all interval tree flavors will require using a
'rb_root_cached' such that we can have the leftmost node easily
available. While most users will make use of this feature, those with
special functions (in addition to the generic insert, delete, search
calls) will avoid using the cached option as they can do funky things
with insertions -- for example, vma_interval_tree_insert_after().
[jglisse@redhat.com: fix deadlock from typo vm_lock_anon_vma()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170808225719.20723-1-jglisse@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170719014603.19029-12-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Christian Benvenuti <benve@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allow to unmap and restore special swap entry of un-addressable
ZONE_DEVICE memory.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170817000548.32038-17-jglisse@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David Nellans <dnellans@nvidia.com>
Cc: Evgeny Baskakov <ebaskakov@nvidia.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Mark Hairgrove <mhairgrove@nvidia.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sherry Cheung <SCheung@nvidia.com>
Cc: Subhash Gutti <sgutti@nvidia.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <liubo95@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add thp migration's core code, including conversions between a PMD entry
and a swap entry, setting PMD migration entry, removing PMD migration
entry, and waiting on PMD migration entries.
This patch makes it possible to support thp migration. If you fail to
allocate a destination page as a thp, you just split the source thp as
we do now, and then enter the normal page migration. If you succeed to
allocate destination thp, you enter thp migration. Subsequent patches
actually enable thp migration for each caller of page migration by
allowing its get_new_page() callback to allocate thps.
[zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu: fix gcc-4.9.0 -Wmissing-braces warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/A0ABA698-7486-46C3-B209-E95A9048B22C@cs.rutgers.edu
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix x86_64 allnoconfig warning]
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Nellans <dnellans@nvidia.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
TTU_MIGRATION is used to convert pte into migration entry until thp
split completes. This behavior conflicts with thp migration added later
patches, so let's introduce a new TTU flag specifically for freezing.
try_to_unmap() is used both for thp split (via freeze_page()) and page
migration (via __unmap_and_move()). In freeze_page(), ttu_flag given
for head page is like below (assuming anonymous thp):
(TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS | TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | \
TTU_MIGRATION | TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD)
and ttu_flag given for tail pages is:
(TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS | TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | \
TTU_MIGRATION)
__unmap_and_move() calls try_to_unmap() with ttu_flag:
(TTU_MIGRATION | TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS)
Now I'm trying to insert a branch for thp migration at the top of
try_to_unmap_one() like below
static int try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long address, void *arg)
{
...
/* PMD-mapped THP migration entry */
if (!pvmw.pte && (flags & TTU_MIGRATION)) {
if (!PageAnon(page))
continue;
set_pmd_migration_entry(&pvmw, page);
continue;
}
...
}
so try_to_unmap() for tail pages called by thp split can go into thp
migration code path (which converts *pmd* into migration entry), while
the expectation is to freeze thp (which converts *pte* into migration
entry.)
I detected this failure as a "bad page state" error in a testcase where
split_huge_page() is called from queue_pages_pte_range().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170717193955.20207-4-zi.yan@sent.com
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Nellans <dnellans@nvidia.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace all mmu_notifier_invalidate_page() calls by *_invalidate_range()
and make sure it is bracketed by calls to *_invalidate_range_start()/end().
Note that because we can not presume the pmd value or pte value we have
to assume the worst and unconditionaly report an invalidation as
happening.
Changed since v2:
- try_to_unmap_one() only one call to mmu_notifier_invalidate_range()
- compute end with PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page)
- fix PageHuge() case in try_to_unmap_one()
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Bernhard Held <berny156@gmx.de>
Cc: Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: axie <axie@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit aac2fea94f.
It turns out that that patch was complete and utter garbage, and broke
KVM, resulting in odd oopses.
Quoting Andrea Arcangeli:
"The aforementioned commit has 3 bugs.
1) mmu_notifier_invalidate_range cannot be used in replacement of
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start/end.
For KVM mmu_notifier_invalidate_range is a noop and rightfully so.
A MMU notifier implementation has to implement either
->invalidate_range method or the invalidate_range_start/end
methods, not both. And if you implement invalidate_range_start/end
like KVM is forced to do, calling mmu_notifier_invalidate_range in
common code is a noop for KVM.
For those MMU notifiers that can get away only implementing
->invalidate_range, the ->invalidate_range is implicitly called by
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(). And only those secondary MMUs
that share the same pagetable with the primary MMU (like AMD
iommuv2) can get away only implementing ->invalidate_range.
So all cases (THP on/off) are broken right now.
To fix this is enough to replace mmu_notifier_invalidate_range with
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start;mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end.
Either that or call multiple mmu_notifier_invalidate_page like
before.
2) address + (1UL << compound_order(page) is buggy, it should be
PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page), it's bytes not pages, 2M not
512.
3) The whole invalidate_range thing was an attempt to call a single
invalidate while walking multiple 4k ptes that maps the same THP
(after a pmd virtual split without physical compound page THP
split).
It's unclear if the rmap_walk will always provide an address that
is 2M aligned as parameter to try_to_unmap_one, in presence of THP.
I think it needs also an address &= (PAGE_SIZE <<
compound_order(page)) - 1 to be safe"
In general, we should stop making excuses for horrible MMU notifier
users. It's much more important that the core VM is sane and safe, than
letting MMU notifiers sleep.
So if some MMU notifier is sleeping under a spinlock, we need to fix the
notifier, not try to make excuses for that garbage in the core VM.
Reported-and-tested-by: Bernhard Held <berny156@gmx.de>
Reported-and-tested-by: Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: axie <axie@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Nadav Amit identified a theoritical race between page reclaim and
mprotect due to TLB flushes being batched outside of the PTL being held.
He described the race as follows:
CPU0 CPU1
---- ----
user accesses memory using RW PTE
[PTE now cached in TLB]
try_to_unmap_one()
==> ptep_get_and_clear()
==> set_tlb_ubc_flush_pending()
mprotect(addr, PROT_READ)
==> change_pte_range()
==> [ PTE non-present - no flush ]
user writes using cached RW PTE
...
try_to_unmap_flush()
The same type of race exists for reads when protecting for PROT_NONE and
also exists for operations that can leave an old TLB entry behind such
as munmap, mremap and madvise.
For some operations like mprotect, it's not necessarily a data integrity
issue but it is a correctness issue as there is a window where an
mprotect that limits access still allows access. For munmap, it's
potentially a data integrity issue although the race is massive as an
munmap, mmap and return to userspace must all complete between the
window when reclaim drops the PTL and flushes the TLB. However, it's
theoritically possible so handle this issue by flushing the mm if
reclaim is potentially currently batching TLB flushes.
Other instances where a flush is required for a present pte should be ok
as either the page lock is held preventing parallel reclaim or a page
reference count is elevated preventing a parallel free leading to
corruption. In the case of page_mkclean there isn't an obvious path
that userspace could take advantage of without using the operations that
are guarded by this patch. Other users such as gup as a race with
reclaim looks just at PTEs. huge page variants should be ok as they
don't race with reclaim. mincore only looks at PTEs. userfault also
should be ok as if a parallel reclaim takes place, it will either fault
the page back in or read some of the data before the flush occurs
triggering a fault.
Note that a variant of this patch was acked by Andy Lutomirski but this
was for the x86 parts on top of his PCID work which didn't make the 4.13
merge window as expected. His ack is dropped from this version and
there will be a follow-on patch on top of PCID that will include his
ack.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comments]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170717155523.emckq2esjro6hf3z@suse.de
Reported-by: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [v4.4+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
lruvecs are at the intersection of the NUMA node and memcg, which is the
scope for most paging activity.
Introduce a convenient accounting infrastructure that maintains
statistics per node, per memcg, and the lruvec itself.
Then convert over accounting sites for statistics that are already
tracked in both nodes and memcgs and can be easily switched.
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: fix crash in the new cgroup stat keeping code]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170531171450.GA10481@cmpxchg.org
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: don't track uncharged pages at all
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170605175254.GA8547@cmpxchg.org
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: add missing free_percpu()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170605175354.GB8547@cmpxchg.org
[linux@roeck-us.net: hexagon: fix build error caused by include file order]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170617153721.GA4382@roeck-us.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170530181724.27197-6-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using set_pte_at() does not do the right thing when putting down
HWPOISON swap entries for hugepages on architectures that support
contiguous ptes.
Fix this problem by using set_huge_swap_pte_at() which was introduced to
fix exactly this problem.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522133604.11392-7-punit.agrawal@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
try_to_unmap_flush() used to open-code a rather x86-centric flush
sequence: local_flush_tlb() + flush_tlb_others(). Rearrange the
code so that the arch (only x86 for now) provides
arch_tlbbatch_add_mm() and arch_tlbbatch_flush() and the core code
calls those functions instead.
I'll want this for x86 because, to enable address space ids, I can't
support the flush_tlb_others() mode used by exising
try_to_unmap_flush() implementation with good performance. I can
support the new API fairly easily, though.
I imagine that other architectures may be in a similar position.
Architectures with strong remote flush primitives (arm64?) may have
even worse performance problems with flush_tlb_others() the way that
try_to_unmap_flush() uses it.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bpetkov@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/19f25a8581f9fb77876b7ff3b001f89835e34ea3.1495492063.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes are:
- Debloat RCU headers
- Parallelize SRCU callback handling (plus overlapping patches)
- Improve the performance of Tree SRCU on a CPU-hotplug stress test
- Documentation updates
- Miscellaneous fixes"
* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (74 commits)
rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_n_lazy_cbs() function
rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_n_cbs() function
rcu: Open-code the rcu_cblist_empty() function
rcu: Separately compile large rcu_segcblist functions
srcu: Debloat the <linux/rcu_segcblist.h> header
srcu: Adjust default auto-expediting holdoff
srcu: Specify auto-expedite holdoff time
srcu: Expedite first synchronize_srcu() when idle
srcu: Expedited grace periods with reduced memory contention
srcu: Make rcutorture writer stalls print SRCU GP state
srcu: Exact tracking of srcu_data structures containing callbacks
srcu: Make SRCU be built by default
srcu: Fix Kconfig botch when SRCU not selected
rcu: Make non-preemptive schedule be Tasks RCU quiescent state
srcu: Expedite srcu_schedule_cbs_snp() callback invocation
srcu: Parallelize callback handling
kvm: Move srcu_struct fields to end of struct kvm
rcu: Fix typo in PER_RCU_NODE_PERIOD header comment
rcu: Use true/false in assignment to bool
rcu: Use bool value directly
...
The memory controllers stat function names are awkwardly long and
arbitrarily different from the zone and node stat functions.
The current interface is named:
mem_cgroup_read_stat()
mem_cgroup_update_stat()
mem_cgroup_inc_stat()
mem_cgroup_dec_stat()
mem_cgroup_update_page_stat()
mem_cgroup_inc_page_stat()
mem_cgroup_dec_page_stat()
This patch renames it to match the corresponding node stat functions:
memcg_page_state() [node_page_state()]
mod_memcg_state() [mod_node_state()]
inc_memcg_state() [inc_node_state()]
dec_memcg_state() [dec_node_state()]
mod_memcg_page_state() [mod_node_page_state()]
inc_memcg_page_state() [inc_node_page_state()]
dec_memcg_page_state() [dec_node_page_state()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170404220148.28338-4-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current duplication is a high-maintenance mess, and it's painful to
add new items or query memcg state from the rest of the VM.
This increases the size of the stat array marginally, but we should aim
to track all these stats on a per-cgroup level anyway.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170404220148.28338-3-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no user for it. Remove it.
[minchan@kernel.org: use false instead of SWAP_FAIL]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170316053313.GA19241@bbox
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489555493-14659-11-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
rmap_one's return value controls whether rmap_work should contine to
scan other ptes or not so it's target for changing to boolean. Return
true if the scan should be continued. Otherwise, return false to stop
the scanning.
This patch makes rmap_one's return value to boolean.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489555493-14659-10-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kirill A. Shutemov
Yang Shi
Miles Chen
Wei Yang
Ben Dooks
Song Liu
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
YueHaibing
Ralph Campbell
Huang Shijie
Jérôme Glisse
Aneesh Kumar K.V
Andrey Ryabinin
Sean Christopherson
Mike Kravetz
Kirill Tkhai
Hugh Dickins
Christian Borntraeger
Jonathan Corbet
Naoya Horiguchi
Mike Rapoport
Matthew Wilcox
Khalid Aziz
Mel Gorman
Colin Ian King
Davidlohr Bueso
Zi Yan
Linus Torvalds
Kirill A. Shutemov
Mel Gorman
Johannes Weiner
Punit Agrawal
Andy Lutomirski
Minchan Kim