This patch fixes a segfault in modpost that is observed when the gold
linker is used to link the input objects.
The problem is that reloc_location (modpost.c) is computing the
address of the relocation target incorrectly. Here, elf->hdr points
to the beginning of the ELF file in memory, sechdr points to the
relocation section header, section is the index of the section
being relocated, and sechdrs[section].sh_offset would be the offset
of that section, relative to the beginning of the ELF file. Adding
elf->hdr + sechdrs[section].sh_offset gives you the address of the
beginning of the section, and adding r->r_offset to that gives you the
address of the location to be relocated. You do not need to subtract
sechdrs[section].sh_addr from that -- the result of this is an address
outside the file, and causes the segfault when addend_386_rel tries to
dereference it.
This bug is not observed when GNU ld is used to link the inputs. The
object file ubuntu/omnibook/omnibook.o is the result of an ld -r of
several other files. When GNU ld does an ld -r, it sets the vaddr
field for each section to 0, but gold lays out the section addresses
sequentially instead:
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al
[ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0
[ 1] .text PROGBITS 00000000 000034 004794 00 AX 0 0 4
[ 2] .data PROGBITS 0000b9d0 0047c8 0009c0 00 WA 0 0 4
[ 3] .bss NOBITS 000162f8 005188 00013c 00 WA 0 0 4
[ 4] .rodata.str1.1 PROGBITS 00004f2d 0052c4 001b1a 01 AMS 0 0 1
[ 5] .init.text PROGBITS 00004794 006dde 0005fa 00 AX 0 0 1
[ 6] .exit.text PROGBITS 00004d8e 0073d8 00018a 00 AX 0 0 1
...
So the bug in the tool remained undiscovered because the section's vaddr
always happened to be 0.
Signed-off-by: Raymes Khoury <raymes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
"as --compress-debug-sections" will generate compressed debug sections
with section names ".zdebug*". This patch puts .zdebug* section on
white list.
Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
* 'kbuild' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mmarek/kbuild-2.6:
initramfs: Fix build break on symbol-prefixed archs
initramfs: fix initramfs size calculation
initramfs: generalize initramfs_data.xxx.S variants
scripts/kallsyms: Enable error messages while hush up unnecessary warnings
scripts/setlocalversion: update comment
kbuild: Use a single clean rule for kernel and external modules
kbuild: Do not run make clean in $(srctree)
scripts/mod/modpost.c: fix commentary accordingly to last changes
kbuild: Really don't clean bounds.h and asm-offsets.h
The last commits
37ed19d5cc5003bab82d
have introduced new behaviour of sec2annotation() method. However, the
commentary inside the method was left as before. Let's fix it accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <ext-andriy.shevchenko@nokia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
* 'params' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux-2.6-for-linus: (22 commits)
param: don't deref arg in __same_type() checks
param: update drivers/acpi/debug.c to new scheme
param: use module_param in drivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
ide: use module_param_named rather than module_param_call
param: update drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_watchdog.c to new scheme
param: lock if_sdio's lbs_helper_name and lbs_fw_name against sysfs changes.
param: lock myri10ge_fw_name against sysfs changes.
param: simple locking for sysfs-writable charp parameters
param: remove unnecessary writable charp
param: add kerneldoc to moduleparam.h
param: locking for kernel parameters
param: make param sections const.
param: use free hook for charp (fix leak of charp parameters)
param: add a free hook to kernel_param_ops.
param: silence .init.text references from param ops
Add param ops struct for hvc_iucv driver.
nfs: update for module_param_named API change
AppArmor: update for module_param_named API change
param: use ops in struct kernel_param, rather than get and set fns directly
param: move the EXPORT_SYMBOL to after the definitions.
...
Permit .GCC-command-line sections in modules. Otherwise modpost says things
like:
WARNING: drivers/mtd/chips/map_ram.o (.GCC-command-line): unexpected non-allocatable section.
Did you forget to use "ax"/"aw" in a .S file?
Note that for example <linux/init.h> contains
section definitions for use in .S files.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Ideally, we'd check that it was only the "set" function which was __init,
and that the permissions were r/o. But that's a little hard.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Tested-by: Phil Carmody <ext-phil.2.carmody@nokia.com>
sec2annotation returns malloc'ed buffer directly to printf as an argument.
Free this buffer after printing.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Fomenko <ext-alexey.fomenko@nokia.com>
Cc: Trevor Keith <tsrk@tsrk.net>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes modpost able to process object files with more than
64k sections. Needed for huge kernel builds (allyesconfig, for example)
with -ffunction-sections. 64k sections handling is covered, for example,
by this document:
"IA-64 gABI Proposal 74: Section Indexes"
http://www.codesourcery.com/public/cxx-abi/abi/prop-74-sindex.html
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Gcc 4.5 is now generating out of line register save and restore
in the function prefix and postfix when we use -Os.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Alan <alan@clueserver.org> writes:
> program: /home/alan/GitTrees/linux-2.6-mid-ref/scripts/mod/modpost -o
> Module.symvers -S vmlinux.o
>
> Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
It just hit me.
It's the offset calculation in reloc_location() which overflows:
return (void *)elf->hdr + sechdrs[section].sh_offset +
(r->r_offset - sechdrs[section].sh_addr);
E.g. for the first rodata r entry:
r->r_offset < sechdrs[section].sh_addr
and the expression in the parenthesis produces 0xFFFFFFE0 or something
equally wise.
Reported-by: Alan <alan@clueserver.org>
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Hałasa <khc@pm.waw.pl>
Tested-by: Alan <alan@clueserver.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Either the functions referred to in a driver struct should live in
.devinit or the driver should be registered using platform_driver_probe
(or equivalent for different driver types) with ->probe being NULL.
Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
* 'for-33' of git://repo.or.cz/linux-kbuild: (29 commits)
net: fix for utsrelease.h moving to generated
gen_init_cpio: fixed fwrite warning
kbuild: fix make clean after mismerge
kbuild: generate modules.builtin
genksyms: properly consider EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL{,_GPL}()
score: add asm/asm-offsets.h wrapper
unifdef: update to upstream revision 1.190
kbuild: specify absolute paths for cscope
kbuild: create include/generated in silentoldconfig
scripts/package: deb-pkg: use fakeroot if available
scripts/package: add KBUILD_PKG_ROOTCMD variable
scripts/package: tar-pkg: use tar --owner=root
Kbuild: clean up marker
net: add net_tstamp.h to headers_install
kbuild: move utsrelease.h to include/generated
kbuild: move autoconf.h to include/generated
drop explicit include of autoconf.h
kbuild: move compile.h to include/generated
kbuild: drop include/asm
kbuild: do not check for include/asm-$ARCH
...
Fixed non-conflicting clean merge of modpost.c as per comments from
Stephen Rothwell (modpost.c had grown an include of linux/autoconf.h
that needed to be changed to generated/autoconf.h)
memcmp() is wrong here, the symbol name can be shorter than KSYMTAB_PFX
or CRC_PFX.
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Remove the unnecessary functions and variables.
Signed-off-by: Wenji Huang <wenji.huang@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The next commit will require the use of MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX in
.tmp_exports-asm.S. Currently it is mixed in with C structure
definitions in "asm/module.h". Move the definition of this arch option
into Kconfig, so it can be easily accessed by any code.
This also lets modpost.c use the same definition. Previously modpost
relied on a hardcoded list of architectures in mk_elfconfig.c.
A build test for blackfin, one of the two MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX archs,
showed the generated code was unchanged. vmlinux was identical save
for build ids, and an apparently randomized suffix on a single "__key"
symbol in the kallsyms data).
Signed-off-by: Alan Jenkins <alan-jenkins@tuffmail.co.uk>
Acked-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> (blackfin)
CC: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
- add .init.rodata to INIT_DATA, and group all initconst flavors
together
- move strings generated from __setup_param() into .init.rodata
- add .*init.rodata to modpost's sets of init sections
- make modpost warn about references between meminit and cpuinit
as well as memexit and cpuexit sections (as CPU and memory
hotplug are independently selectable features)
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
mips emit the following debug sections:
.mdebug* and .pdr
They were included in the check for non-allocatable section
and caused modpost to warn.
Manuel Lauss suggested to fix this by adding the relevant
sections to the list of sections we do not check.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Reported-by: Manuel Lauss <mano@roarinelk.homelinux.net>
Jean reported that he saw one warning for each module like the one below:
WARNING: arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/acpi-cpufreq.o (.comment.SUSE.OPTs): unexpected non-allocatable section.
The warning appeared with the improved version of the
check of the flags in the sections.
That check already ignored sections named ".comment" - but SUSE store
additional info in the comment section and has named it in a SUSE
specific way. Therefore modpost failed to ignore the section.
The fix is to extend the pattern so we ignore all sections
that start with the name ".comment.".
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Reported-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Tested-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
The missing TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_flags) was causing many
unexpected non-allocatable section warnings when cross-compiling
for an architecture with a different endianness.
Fix endianness of all the fields in the ELF header and
section headers, not just some of them so we are not
hit by this anohter time.
Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Reported-by: Sean MacLennan <smaclennan@pikatech.com>
Tested-by: Sean MacLennan <smaclennan@pikatech.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
When you put
.section ".foo"
in an assembly file instead of
.section "foo", "ax"
, one of the possible symptoms is that modpost will see an
ld-generated section name ".foo.1" in section_rel() or section_rela().
But this heuristic has two problems: it will miss a bad section that
has no relocations, and it will incorrectly flag many gcc-generated
sections as bad when compiling with -ffunction-sections
-fdata-sections.
On mips it fixes a lot of bogus warnings with gcc 4.4.0 lije this one:
WARNING: crypto/cryptd.o (.text.T.349): unexpected section name.
So instead of checking whether the section name matches a particular
pattern, we directly check for a missing SHF_ALLOC in the section
flags.
Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Tested-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
There is some confusion on naming of the head section.
Correct naming is .head.text.
Fix comment so we use correct naming.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
While building the kernel, we end-up calling modpost with -K and -M
options for the same file (Modules.markers). This is resulting in
modpost's main function calling read_markers() and then write_markers() on
the same file.
We then have read_markers() mmap'ing the file, and writer_markers()
opening that same file for writing.
The issue is that read_markers() exits without munmap'ing the file and is
as a matter holding a reference on Modules.markers. When write_markers()
is opening that very same file for writing, we still have a reference on
it and cygwin (Windows?) is then making fopen() fail with EPERM.
Calling release_file() before exiting read_markers() clears that reference
(and memory leak) and fopen() then succeeds.
Tested on both cygwin (1.3.22) and Linux. Also ran modpost within
valgrind on Linux to make sure that the munmap'ed file was not accessed
after read_markers()
Signed-off-by: Cedric Hombourger <chombourger@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
The old refok sections
.text.init.refok
.data.init.refok
.exit.text.refok
have been deprecated since commit
312b1485fb. After the other patches in
this patch series nothing is put in these sections, so clean things up
by eliminating all the remaining references to them.
Signed-off-by: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
new_module() itself already calls strdup() on its modname parameter.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
With CONFIG_MODVERSIONS, we version 'struct module' using a dummy
export, but other things matter too:
1) 'struct modversion_info' determines the layout of the __versions section,
2) 'struct kernel_param' determines the layout of the __params section,
3) 'struct kernel_symbol' determines __ksymtab*.
4) 'struct marker' determines __markers.
5) 'struct tracepoint' determines __tracepoints.
So we rename 'struct_module' to 'module_layout' and include these in
the signature. Now it's general we can add others later on without
confusion.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: fix link failure on certain toolchains with specific configs
Recent percpu change made x86_64 split .data.init section into three
separate segments - data.init, percpu and data.init2. data.init2 gets
.data.nosave and .bss.* and is followed by .notes segment. Depending
on configuration both segments might contain no data, in which case
the tool chain makes the section header to contain offset beyond the
end of the file.
modpost isn't too happy about it and fails build - as reported by
Pawel Dziekonski:
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 416 modules
FATAL: vmlinux is truncated. sechdrs[i].sh_offset=10354688 >
sizeof(*hrd)=64
make[1]: *** [__modpost] Error 1
Teach modpost that NOBITS section may point beyond the end of the file
and that .modinfo can't be NOBITS.
Reported-by: Pawel Dziekonski <dzieko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We need to add a flag for all code that is in the drivers/staging/
directory to prevent all other kernel developers from worrying about
issues here, and to notify users that the drivers might not be as good
as they are normally used to.
Based on code from Andreas Gruenbacher and Jeff Mahoney to provide a
TAINT flag for the support level of a kernel module in the Novell
enterprise kernel release.
This is the code that actually modifies the modules, adding the flag to
any files in the drivers/staging directory.
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
* Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu) wrote:
>
> I've been playing with adding some markers into ext4 to see if they
> could be useful in solving some problems along with Systemtap. It
> appears, though, that as of 2.6.27-rc8, markers defined in code which is
> compiled directly into the kernel (i.e., not as modules) don't show up
> in Module.markers:
>
> kvm_trace_entryexit arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel %u %p %u %u %u %u %u %u
> kvm_trace_handler arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel %u %p %u %u %u %u %u %u
> kvm_trace_entryexit arch/x86/kvm/kvm-amd %u %p %u %u %u %u %u %u
> kvm_trace_handler arch/x86/kvm/kvm-amd %u %p %u %u %u %u %u %u
>
> (Note the lack of any of the kernel_sched_* markers, and the markers I
> added for ext4_* and jbd2_* are missing as wel.)
>
> Systemtap apparently depends on in-kernel trace_mark being recorded in
> Module.markers, and apparently it's been claimed that it used to be
> there. Is this a bug in systemtap, or in how Module.markers is getting
> built? And is there a file that contains the equivalent information
> for markers located in non-modules code?
I think the problem comes from "markers: fix duplicate modpost entry"
(commit d35cb360c2)
Especially :
- add_marker(mod, marker, fmt);
+ if (!mod->skip)
+ add_marker(mod, marker, fmt);
}
return;
fail:
Here is a fix that should take care if this problem.
Thanks for the bug report!
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Tested-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
CC: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
CC: David Smith <dsmith@redhat.com>
CC: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
CC: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
CC: Wenji Huang <wenji.huang@oracle.com>
CC: Takashi Nishiie <t-nishiie@np.css.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Spelling fixes in scripts/mod/modpost.c
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a kernel was rebuilt, the previous Module.markers was not cleared.
It caused markers with different format strings to appear as duplicates
when a markers was changed. This problem is present since
scripts/mod/modpost.c started to generate Module.markers, commit
b2e3e658b3
It therefore applies to 2.6.25, 2.6.26 and linux-next.
I merely merged the patches from Roland, Wenji and Takashi here.
Credits to
Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Wenji Huang <wenji.huang@oracle.com>
and
Takashi Nishiie <t-nishiie@np.css.fujitsu.com>
for providing the individual fixes.
- Changelog :
- Integrated Takashi's Makefile modification to clear Module.markers upon
make clean.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Wenji Huang <wenji.huang@oracle.com>
Cc: Takashi Nishiie <t-nishiie@np.css.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.25.x, 2.6.26.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org> wrote:
We have a case in powerpc in which we want to link some library
routines with all module objects. The routines are intended for
handling out-of-line function call register save/restore so having
them as EXPORT_SYMBOL() is counter productive (we do also need to
link the same "library" code into the kernel).
Without this patch a powerpc build would error out and fail
to build modules with the added register save/restore module.
There were two obvious solutions:
1) To link the .o file before the modpost stage
2) To ignore the symbols in modpost
Option 1) was ruled out because we do not have any separate
linking stage for single file modules.
This patch implements option 2 - and do so only for powerpc.
The symbols we ignore are all undefined symbols named:
_restgpr_*, _savegpr_*, _rest32gpr_*, _save32gpr_*
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Disable modpost warnings for linkonce sections
My build gives lots of warnings like
WARNING: sound/core/snd.o (.gnu.linkonce.wi.mpspec_def.h.30779716): unexpected section name.
The (.[number]+) following section name are ld generated and not expected.
Did you forget to use "ax"/"aw" in a .S file?
Note that for example <linux/init.h> contains
section definitions for use in .S files.
But for .linkonce. duplicated sections are actually ok and expected.
So just disable the warning for this case.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Only modules that has other MODULE_* content
shall have the MODULE_LICENSE() tag.
This fixes allmodconfig build on my box.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This patch adds a new command line option -E to modpost, expecting a symbol
file as an argument which is read prior to symbol processing. -E can be
supplied multiple times for as many files as is needed.
When building kernel modules that depend on other modules not in the main
kernel tree, modpost complains about undefined symbols:
# make -C /path/to/linux/kernel M=/path/to/my/module
...
Building modules, stage 2.
....
WARNING: "rt_copy_buf" [/home/rich/osc_etl_rtw/osc_kmod.ko] undefined!
...etc
This situation occurs when modpost processes the new module's symbols. When
it finds symbols not exported by the mainline kernel, it issues this warning.
The patch adds a new command line option -e to modpost which expects a symbol
file as an argument. The symbols listed in this file are added to modpost's
symbol tables during startup. -e can be supplied as often as required.
This patch works together with the second patch. It introduces a new make
variable, KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS, which is used when calling modpost.
Signed-off-by: Richard Hacker <lerichi@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Adrian Bunk suggested a build time check for
missing MODULE_LICENSE annotation in modules.
The build time check is fatal as we really
want this fixed for all modules.
In-tree modules should all have been fixed up by now.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
The module alias support in the kernel have a consistency
check where it is checked that the size of a structure
in the kernel and on the build host are the same.
For cross builds this check does not make sense so detect
when we do cross builds and silently skip the check in these
situations.
This fixes a build bug for a wireless driver when cross building
for arm.
Acked-by: Michael Buesch <mb@bu3sch.de>
Tested-by: Gordon Farquharson <gordonfarquharson@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
XXXINIT_TO_INIT and XXXEXIT_TO_EXIT warnings use the reversed symbol name order
in the suggestion, e.g.:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.meminit.text+0x36c): Section mismatch in reference from the function free_area_init_core() to the function .init.text:setup_usemap()
The function __meminit free_area_init_core() references
a function __init setup_usemap().
If free_area_init_core is only used by setup_usemap then
annotate free_area_init_core with a matching annotation.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This adds some new magic in the MODPOST phase for CONFIG_MARKERS. Analogous
to the Module.symvers file, the build will now write a Module.markers file
when CONFIG_MARKERS=y is set. This file lists the name, defining module, and
format string of each marker, separated by \t characters. This simple text
file can be used by offline build procedures for instrumentation code,
analogous to how System.map and Module.symvers can be useful to have for
kernels other than the one you are running right now.
The strings are made easy to extract by having the __trace_mark macro define
the name and format together in a single array called __mstrtab_* in the
__markers_strings section. This is straightforward and reliable as long as
the marker structs are always defined by this macro. It is an unreasonable
amount of hairy work to extract the string pointers from the __markers section
structs, which entails handling a relocation type for every machine under the
sun.
Mathieu :
- Ran through checkpatch.pl
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: David Smith <dsmith@redhat.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
modpost: Use warn() for announcing section mismatches, for easy grepping for
warnings in build logs.
Also change an existing call from fprintf() to warn() while we're at it.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <Geert.Uytterhoeven@sonycom.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
If we cannot determine the symbol then print
(unknown) to hint the reader that we failed to
find the symbol.
This happens with REL relocation records
in arm object files.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
We have several legitimate uses where we export symbols
annotated with one of:
__devinit, __cpuinit, __meminit and their exit counterpart.
So let's stop warning about those being exported in favour
of adding all sorts of workaround to silence the warning.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
We have too many section mismatches detected at the moment.
So silence modpost and prevent the option from being
set in a typical allyesconfig build.
Tell the user how to see all the deteils in the summary
message from modpost.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
If there is a mixture of specifying sections for code in gcc
and assembler then if the assembler code do not add
the "ax" flags the linker will see this as two different sections
and generate unique sections for each. ld does so by adding a dot
and a number.
Teach modpost to warn if a section shows up that match this
pattern - but do this only for non-debug sections.
It will result in warnings like this:
WARNING: vmlinux.o (.sched.text.1): unexpected section name.
The (.[number]+) following section name are ld generated and not expected.
Did you forget to use "ax"/"aw" in a .S file?
Note that for example <linux/init.h> contains
section definitions for use in .S files.
All warnings seen with a defconfig build for:
x86 (32+64bit) and sparc64 has been fixed (via respective maintainers).
arm, powerpc (64 bit), s390 (32 bit), ia64, alpha, sh4 checked - no
warnings seen with a defconfig build.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
If the config option CONFIG_SECTION_MISMATCH is not set and
we see a Section mismatch present the following to the user:
modpost: Found 1 section mismatch(es).
To see additional details select "Enable full Section mismatch analysis"
in the Kernel Hacking menu (CONFIG_SECTION_MISMATCH).
If the option CONFIG_SECTION_MISMATCH is selected
then be verbose in the Section mismatch reporting from mdopost.
Sample outputs:
WARNING: o-x86_64/vmlinux.o(.text+0x7396): Section mismatch in reference from the function discover_ebda() to the variable .init.data:ebda_addr
The function discover_ebda() references
the variable __initdata ebda_addr.
This is often because discover_ebda lacks a __initdata
annotation or the annotation of ebda_addr is wrong.
WARNING: o-x86_64/vmlinux.o(.data+0x74d58): Section mismatch in reference from the variable pci_serial_quirks to the function .devexit.text:pci_plx9050_exit()
The variable pci_serial_quirks references
the function __devexit pci_plx9050_exit()
If the reference is valid then annotate the
variable with __exit* (see linux/init.h) or name the variable:
*driver, *_template, *_timer, *_sht, *_ops, *_probe, *_probe_one, *_console,
WARNING: o-x86_64/vmlinux.o(__ksymtab+0x630): Section mismatch in reference from the variable __ksymtab_arch_register_cpu to the function .cpuinit.text:arch_register_cpu()
The symbol arch_register_cpu is exported and annotated __cpuinit
Fix this by removing the __cpuinit annotation of arch_register_cpu or drop the export.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Remove the deprecated __attribute_used__.
[Introduce __section in a few places to silence checkpatch /sam]
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Refactor code so the warning report function
does nothing else than reporting warnings.
As a side effect some other code paths were cleaned
up by this.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
The typical layout is now:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x372ec): Section mismatch: reference to .devinit.text:pci_scan_one_pbm in 'psycho_scan_bus'
This is first step towards more readable warnings.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Introducing separate sections for __dev* (HOTPLUG),
__cpu* (HOTPLUG_CPU) and __mem* (MEMORY_HOTPLUG)
allows us to do a much more reliable Section mismatch
check in modpost. We are no longer dependent on the actual
configuration of for example HOTPLUG.
This has the effect that all users see much more
Section mismatch warnings than before because they
were almost all hidden when HOTPLUG was enabled.
The advantage of this is that when building a piece
of code then it is much more likely that the Section
mismatch errors are spotted and the warnings will be
felt less random of nature.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Change the logic in modpost so we identify all the
bad combinations of sections that refer to other
sections.
Compared to the previous approach we are much less
dependent on knowledge of what additional sections
the tool chain uses and thus we can keep the false
positives low.
The implmentation is changed to use a table based
lookup and we now check all combinations in first
pass so we no longer need separate passes for init
and exit sections.
Tested that the same warnings are generated for
an allyesconfig build without CONFIG_HOTPLUG.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Split a too long function up in smaller bits to make
prgram logic easier to follow.
A few related changes done due to parameter
changes.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
The relocation record sometimes contained an address
which was not an exactly match for a symbol.
Implment some simple logic such that if there
is a symbol within 20 bytes of the address contained
in the relocation record then print the name of this
symbol.
With this change modpost could find symbol names
for the remaining .init.text symbols in my
allyesconfig build for x86_64.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
It is very convinient to say:
scripts/mod/modpost mm/built-in.o
to check if any section mismatch errors occured
in mm/ (as an example).
Fix it so this is possible again.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
akpm complained about overly long lines in modpost.c and
when started additional style issues were fixed:
o Updated my copyright
o Removed unneeded {}
o Drop assignments in if ()
o Spaces around operators
o Break long lines
o locate * near variable not type
o Fix a format specifier for sizeof()
o Corrected placement of '{' and '}'
o spaces to tabs (but use tabs only for indention)
modpost.c is not checkpatch clean. Readability were favoured
on top of checkpatch compliance.
But checkpatch were used to find additional stuff to clean up.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
When passing an file name > 1k the stack could be overflowed.
Not really a security issue, but still better plugged.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Fix wrong format strings in modpost exposed by the previous patch.
Including one missing argument -- some random data was printed instead.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
When part of build an external module tree, modpost first reads in the
kernel's and then the external tree's Module.symvers files. From these files
it establishes a symbol => module mapping. When it later reads in each module
built and processes the symbols it finds, it discovers the symbol=>module
mapping from Module.symvers and leaves it as it is.
The problem comes with a module has been re-named or a symbol has moved from
one module to another, since the Module.symvers file was generated. modpost
does not update the symbol=>module mapping when it finds the new location of
the symbol when scanning the newly built modules. This results in the module
containing incorrect dependency information and the new Module.symvers file
written by modpost will also contain the incorrect mappings, perpetuating the
problem to the next build, and so on.
When building the out of kernel development tree for kernel subsystem, like
v4l-dvb or ALSA, deleting the external Module.symvers file before building
(which the kernel build system doesn't do and shouldn't be necessary anyway),
won't fix the problem. modpost still reads the kernel's Module.symvers, and
since we a building a kernel subsystem, it will define the same symbols as the
external modules.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <xyzzy@speakeasy.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Fix modpost segfault.
Before:
-------
ynezz@ntbk:~/linux-2.6.git$ scripts/mod/modpost vmlinux ath_pci.o
Segmentation fault
After:
------
ynezz@ntbk:~/linux-2.6.git$ scripts/mod/modpost vmlinux ath_pci.o
FATAL: section header offset=815726848 in file 'ath_pci.o' is bigger then filesize=153968
Sam: This seems to warn for a binutils issue. Anyway modpost should not
segfault.
Signed-off-by: Petr Stetiar <ynezz@true.cz>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
With the net namespaces many code leaved the __init section,
thus making the kernel occupy more memory than it did before.
Since we have a config option that prohibits the namespace
creation, the functions that initialize/finalize some netns
stuff are simply not needed and can be freed after the boot.
Currently, this is almost not noticeable, since few calls
are no longer in __init, but when the namespaces will be
merged it will be possible to free more code. I propose to
use the __net_init, __net_exit and __net_initdata "attributes"
for functions/variables that are not used if the CONFIG_NET_NS
is not set to save more space in memory.
The exiting functions cannot just reside in the __exit section,
as noticed by David, since the init section will have
references on it and the compilation will fail due to modpost
checks. These references can exist, since the init namespace
never dies and the exit callbacks are never called. So I
introduce the __exit_refok attribute just like it is already
done with the __init_refok.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This is needed on MIPS where the same mechanism as get_user() is used to
intercept bus error exceptions for some hardware probes. Without this
patch modpost will throw spurious warnings:
LD vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
SYSMAP .tmp_System.map
MODPOST vmlinux
WARNING: arch/mips/sgi-ip22/built-in.o(__dbe_table+0x0): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The Xtensa architecture places literal pools in sections separate
from the instructions. The corresponsing text sections, therefore,
reference the .literal section, and we have to suppress those
warnings.
The naming convention defines the name for a literal
section as .SECTION.literal, unless .SECTION is .text. In that case
the name is only .literal. Using strncmp() instead of strcmp()
to compare the from-section with .SECTION.init.refok in pattern 0
should not cause any regressions for other architectures.
We also need to suppress warnings for two informational
sections (.xt.lit and .xt.prop) used by the Xtensa architecture.
Signed-off-by: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
In the whitelist function of modpost now use the same
check to identify init_section as in other places of modpost.
This has the effect that we now recognize sections named
.init.text.19 as init sections and we no longer warn
when we see these.
At the same time make surrounding code readable by dropping
use of temporary flags.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
We already check and warn about section mismatches from vmlinux
(build as vmlinux.o) during first pass so skip the checks
during the 2nd pass where we process modules.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This is needed on MIPS where the same mechanism as get_user() is used to
intercept bus error exceptions for some hardware probes. Without this
patch modpost will throw spurious warnings:
LD vmlinux
SYSMAP System.map
SYSMAP .tmp_System.map
MODPOST vmlinux
WARNING: arch/mips/sgi-ip22/built-in.o(__dbe_table+0x0): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
gcc puts data into .data.rel or .data.rel.* on some architectures (e.g.
ia64) or under certain conditions, so whatever is legal relative to
.data should also be legal for those other sections. Fixes a few
modpost warnings on ia64.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Previously we did do the check on the .o files used to link
vmlinux but that failed to find questionable references across
the .o files.
Create a dedicated vmlinux.o file used only for section mismatch checks
that uses the defualt linker script so section does not get renamed.
The vmlinux.o may later be used as part of the the final link of vmlinux
but for now it is used fo section mismatch only.
For a defconfig build this is instant but for an allyesconfig this
add two minutes to a full build (that anyways takes ~2 hours).
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
arm uses a lot of ops structures named *_timer that has legitimite
references to .init.text.
So let's add this variable to the list of variables that may reference
.init.text without causing any warning.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Replaced this with a __init_refok marker
in front of fb_find_logo().
I think that the __initdata marker for the logo's are
wrong but I have not justified this so I did not remove it.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
The .exit.text section may be discarded either at build or at runtime.
So let modpost warn if this situation is detected.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Move more checks from whitelist to the section check functions.
Remove the redundent pci_fixup check.
Renumber the patterns.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
There were a great deal of overlap between the two functions
that check which sections may reference .init.text and .exit.text.
Factor out common check to a separate function and
sort entries in the original functions.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
.note* sections are ELF notes, which are typically used by external
tools to examine the kernel image. Since this is removed from any
runtime consideration, it's OK to reference any section from a .note*
section.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
The .paravirtprobe section is obsolete, so modpost doesn't need to handle it.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
We should do better here by effetively "dereferencing" references to
the .toc (or the .got2) section, but that is much harder.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
On i386 and MIPS, warn_sec_mismatch() sometimes fails to show
usefull symbol name. This is because empty 'refsym' due to 0 r_addend
value. This patch is to adjust r_addend value, consulting with
apply_relocate() routine in kernel code.
Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
There's a special .cranges section that is almost always generated,
with data being moved to the appropriate section by the linker at a later
stage.
To give a bit of background, sh64 has both a native SHmedia instruction
set (32-bit instructions) and SHcompact (which is compatability with
normal SH -- 16-bit, a massively reduced register set, etc.). code ranges
are emitted when we're using the 32-bit ABI, but not the 64-bit one.
It is a special staging section used solely by binutils where code with
different flags get placed (more specifically differing flags for input
and output sections), before being lazily merged by the linker.
The closest I've been able to find to documentation is:
http://sources.redhat.com/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/src/ld/emultempl/sh64elf.em?rev=1.10&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=src
It's an array of 8-byte Elf32_CRange structure given in
http://sources.redhat.com/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/src/bfd/elf32-sh64.h?rev=1.4&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup&cvsroot=src
that describes for which ISA a range is used.
Silence the warnings by allowing references from .init.text to .cranges.
The following warnings are fixed:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0x0): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0xa): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0x14): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0x1e): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0x28): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: init/built-in.o(.cranges+0x32): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x50): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x5a): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x64): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0xfa): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x104): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x10e): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x14a): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x154): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: kernel/built-in.o(.cranges+0x15e): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.cranges+0x6e): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.cranges+0x78): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.cranges+0x82): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: mm/built-in.o(.cranges+0xaa): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x136): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x140): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x14a): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x168): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x1f4): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: fs/built-in.o(.cranges+0x1fe): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x302): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x30c): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x316): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x3a2): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x3ac): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x4ce): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
WARNING: net/built-in.o(.cranges+0x4d8): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Kaz Kojima <kkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This reverts commit f892b7d480, which
totally broke the build on x86 with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE (which, as far as
I can tell, is the only case where it should even matter!) due to a
SIGSEGV in modpost.
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
modpost had two cases hardcoded for mm/
Shift over to __init_refok and kill the
hardcoded function names in modpost.
This has the drawback that the functions
will always be kept no matter configuration.
With previous code the function were placed in
init section if configuration allowed it.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Throughout the kernel there are a few legitimite references
to init or exit sections. Most of these are covered by the
patterns included in modpost but a few nees special attention.
To avoid hardcoding a lot of function names in modpost introduce
a marker so relevant function/data can be marked.
When modpost see a reference to a init/exit function from
a function/data marked no warning will be issued.
Idea from: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This patch fixes the following class of "Section mismatch" warnings when
building powerpc platforms.
WARNING: arch/powerpc/kernel/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.data:.got2 from prom_entry (offset 0x0)
WARNING: arch/powerpc/platforms/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:mpc8313_rdb_probe from .machine.desc after 'mach_mpc8313_rdb' (at offset 0x4)
....
Signed-off-by: Li Yang <leoli@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
On i386, ARM and MIPS, warn_sec_mismatch() sometimes fails to show
usefull symbol name. This is because empty 'refsym' due to 0 r_addend
value. This patch is to adjust r_addend value, consulting with
apply_relocate() routine in kernel code.
Without this patch:
MODPOST vmlinux
WARNING: init/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: from .text between 'rest_init' (at offset 0xf4) and 'try_name'
WARNING: mm/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: from .text between 'kmem_cache_create' (at offset 0x18a39) and 'cache_reap'
WARNING: mm/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text: from .text between 'kmem_cache_create' (at offset 0x18a6b) and 'cache_reap'
With this patch:
MODPOST vmlinux
WARNING: mm/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:set_up_list3s from .text between 'kmem_cache_create' (at offset 0x18a39) and 'cache_reap'
WARNING: mm/built-in.o - Section mismatch: reference to .init.text:set_up_list3s from .text between 'kmem_cache_create' (at offset 0x18a6b) and 'cache_reap'
Now modpost can detect "kernel_init" name (and whitelist it) and show
"set_up_list3s" name.
Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Olof Johansson
H.J. Lu
Uwe Kleine-König
Linus Torvalds
Andy Shevchenko
David Howells
Andrew Morton
Rusty Russell
Alexey Fomenko
Michal Marek
Denys Vlasenko
Stephen Rothwell
Krzysztof Halasa
Wenji Huang
Alan Jenkins
Trevor Keith
Sam Ravnborg
Jan Beulich
Anders Kaseorg
Cedric Hombourger
Tim Abbott
Tejun Heo
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Mathieu Desnoyers
Ben Dooks
Mathieu Desnoyers
Andi Kleen
Sam Ravnborg
Richard Hacker
Geert Uytterhoeven
Geert Uytterhoeven
Adrian Bunk
Andi Kleen
Trent Piepho
Petr Stetiar
Pavel Emelyanov
Ralf Baechle
Al Viro
Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Atsushi Nemoto
Linus Torvalds
Li Yang