This reverts commit 790d849bf8.
Using a v4.7-rc7 kernel on a HP ProLiant triggered following messages
pcc-cpufreq: (v1.10.00) driver loaded with frequency limits: 1200 MHz, 2800 MHz
cpufreq: ondemand governor failed, too long transition latency of HW, fallback to performance governor
The last line was shown for each CPU in the system.
Testing v4.5 (where commit 790d849b was integrated) triggered
similar messages. Same behaviour on a 2nd HP Proliant system.
So commit 790d849bf (cpufreq: pcc-cpufreq: update default value of
cpuinfo_transition_latency) causes the system to use performance
governor which, I guess, was not the intention of the patch.
Enabling debug output in pcc-cpufreq provides following verbose output:
pcc-cpufreq: (v1.10.00) driver loaded with frequency limits: 1200 MHz, 2800 MHz
pcc_get_offset: for CPU 0: pcc_cpu_data input_offset: 0x44, pcc_cpu_data output_offset: 0x48
init: policy->max is 2800000, policy->min is 1200000
get: get_freq for CPU 0
get: SUCCESS: (virtual) output_offset for cpu 0 is 0xffffc9000d7c0048, contains a value of: 0xff06. Speed is: 168000 MHz
cpufreq: ondemand governor failed, too long transition latency of HW, fallback to performance governor
target: CPU 0 should go to target freq: 2800000 (virtual) input_offset is 0xffffc9000d7c0044
target: was SUCCESSFUL for cpu 0
I am asking to revert 790d849bf to re-enable usage of ondemand
governor with pcc-cpufreq.
Fixes: 790d849bf (cpufreq: pcc-cpufreq: update default value of cpuinfo_transition_latency)
CC: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.5+
Signed-off-by: Andreas Herrmann <aherrmann@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Export cpufreq_driver_resolve_freq() since governors may be compiled as
modules.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Steve Muckle <smuckle@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The handlers provided by cpufreq core are sufficient for resolving the
frequency for drivers providing ->target_index(), as the core already
has the frequency table and so ->resolve_freq() isn't required for such
platforms.
This patch disallows drivers with ->target_index() callback to use the
->resolve_freq() callback.
Also, it fixes a potential kernel crash for drivers providing ->target()
but no ->resolve_freq().
Fixes: e3c0623608 "cpufreq: add cpufreq_driver_resolve_freq()"
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
A call to cpufreq_driver_resolve_freq will cache the mapping from
the desired target frequency to the frequency table index. If there
is a mapping for the desired target frequency then use it instead of
looking up the mapping again.
Signed-off-by: Steve Muckle <smuckle@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cpufreq governors may need to know what a particular target frequency
maps to in the driver without necessarily wanting to set the frequency.
Support this operation via a new cpufreq API,
cpufreq_driver_resolve_freq(). This API returns the lowest driver
frequency equal or greater than the target frequency
(CPUFREQ_RELATION_L), subject to any policy (min/max) or driver
limitations. The mapping is also cached in the policy so that a
subsequent fast_switch operation can avoid repeating the same lookup.
The API will call a new cpufreq driver callback, resolve_freq(), if it
has been registered by the driver. Otherwise the frequency is resolved
via cpufreq_frequency_table_target(). Rather than require ->target()
style drivers to provide a resolve_freq() callback it is left to the
caller to ensure that the driver implements this callback if necessary
to use cpufreq_driver_resolve_freq().
Suggested-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve Muckle <smuckle@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The MSR MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT is valid only when CPUID.06H:EAX[8] = 1, so
check for feature before accessing this MSR.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Currently, intel_pstate only updates the cpu_frequency tracepoint
if the new P-state to set is different from the current one, but
that causes powertop to report 100% idle on an 100% loaded system
sometimes.
Prevent that from happening by updating the cpu_frequency tracepoint
every time intel_pstate_update_pstate() is called.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>-
When I was working with the Intel P state driver I came across a
remnant struct element that is no longer needed after the function
intel_pstate_calc_freq() was retired.
Signed-off-by: Carsten Emde <C.Emde@osadl.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Refactoring code to use frequency table index instead of pstate_id.
This abstraction will make the code independent of the pstate values.
- No functional changes
- The highest frequency is at frequency table index 0 and the frequency
decreases as the index increases.
- Macros pstates_to_idx() and idx_to_pstate() can be used for conversion
between pstate_id and index.
- powernv_pstate_info now contains frequency table index to min, max and
nominal frequency (instead of pstate_ids)
- global_pstate_info new stores index values instead pstate ids.
- variables renamed as *_idx which now store index instead of pstate
Signed-off-by: Akshay Adiga <akshay.adiga@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gautham R. Shenoy <ego@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
If MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL is locked, we currently try to address some
MSR 0x80000648 or so. Mask out the relevant level bits 0 and 1.
Found while running over the Jailhouse hypervisor which became upset
about this strange MSR index.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Cc: 4.4+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.4+
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Replace MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT with MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Pinned timers must carry the pinned attribute in the timer structure
itself, so convert the code to the new API.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: George Spelvin <linux@sciencehorizons.net>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160704094341.297014487@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch migrates few users of cpufreq tables to the new helpers
that work on sorted freq-tables.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
cpufreq drivers aren't required to provide a sorted frequency table
today, and even the ones which provide a sorted table aren't handled
efficiently by cpufreq core.
This patch adds infrastructure to verify if the freq-table provided by
the drivers is sorted or not, and use efficient helpers if they are
sorted.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Both callers of cpufreq_update_current_freq(), cpufreq_update_policy()
and cpufreq_start_governor(), check cpufreq_suspended before calling
that function, so drop the redundant cpufreq_suspended check from it.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
CPU notifications from the firmware coming in when cpufreq is
suspended cause cpufreq_update_current_freq() to return 0 which
triggers the WARN_ON() in cpufreq_update_policy() for no reason.
Avoid that by checking cpufreq_suspended before calling
cpufreq_update_current_freq().
Fixes: c9d9c929e6 (cpufreq: Abort cpufreq_update_current_freq() for cpufreq_suspended set)
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: 4.6+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.6+
pid_params is written once by copy_pid_params() during initialization,
and thereafter is mostly read by hot path intel_pstate_update_util().
The read of pid_params gets more after commit a4675fbc4a ("cpufreq:
intel_pstate: Replace timers with utilization update callbacks")
pstate_funcs is written once by copy_cpu_funcs() during initialization,
and thereafter is mostly read by hot path intel_pstate_update_util()
hwp_active is written to once during initialization and thereafter is
mostly read by hot path intel_pstate_update_util().
The fact that they are mostly read and not written to makes them
candidates for __read_mostly declarations.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
These functions/variables are not needed after booting, so mark them
as __init or __initdata.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
__initdata should be placed between the variable name and equal sign
(if there is) for the variable to be placed in the intended section.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
If of_match_node() fails, this init function bails out without
calling of_node_put().
Also change of_node_put(of_root) to of_node_put(np); both of them
hold the same pointer, but it seems better to call of_node_put()
against the node returned by of_find_node_by_path().
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
intel_pstate_set_policy() is invoked by the cpufreq core during
driver initialization, on changes of policy attributes (minimim and
maximum frequency, for example) via sysfs and via CPU notifications
from the platform firmware. On some platforms the latter may occur
relatively often.
Commit bb6ab52f2b (intel_pstate: Do not set utilization update hook
too early) made intel_pstate_set_policy() clear the CPU's utilization
update hook before updating the policy attributes for it (and set the
hook again after doind that), but that involves invoking
synchronize_sched() and adds overhead to the CPU notifications
mentioned above and to the sched-RCU handling in general.
That extra overhead is arguably not necessary, because updating
policy attributes when the CPU's utilization update hook is active
should not lead to any adverse effects, so drop the clearing of
the hook from intel_pstate_set_policy() and make it check if
the hook has been set already when attempting to set it.
Fixes: bb6ab52f2b (intel_pstate: Do not set utilization update hook too early)
Reported-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Tested-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Tested-by: Doug Smythies <dsmythies@telus.net>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Commit 920de6ebfa (ACPICA: Hardware: Enhance
acpi_hw_validate_register() with access_width/bit_offset awareness)
apparently exposed a latent bug, doorbell.access_width is initialized
to 64, but per Lv Zheng, it should be 4, and indeed, making that
change does bring pcc-cpufreq back to life.
Fixes: 920de6ebfa (ACPICA: Hardware: Enhance acpi_hw_validate_register() with access_width/bit_offset awareness)
Suggested-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <umgwanakikbuti@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The use of __raw IO accesors is not endian safe and should be used
sparingly. The relaxed variants should be as lightweight and also
are endian safe.
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
The maximum turbo P-State used by the intel_pstate driver may be
limited by ACPI _PSS table entry 0. After commit 9522a2ff9c
(cpufreq: intel_pstate: Enforce _PPC limits), the maximum performance
on servers will be capped by the _PSS table entry 0 by default.
Even though that is formally correct, it may lead to preformance
regressions in some cases. Namely, if the _PSS table entry 0 is
not the maximum turbo P-State, performance measured after commit
9522a2ff9c will not match the performance measured before that
commit on the same system.
For this reason, modify the code to always use the maximum turbo
frequency as the one that corresponds to _PSS table entry 0 if turbo
is enabled in the BIOS. This way, the performance levels from
before commit 9522a2ff9c will be restored on the affected systems.
Fixes: 9522a2ff9c (cpufreq: intel_pstate: Enforce _PPC limits)
Suggested-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
[ rjw : Changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Fix the use of 0 instead of NULL to clk_get() call. This stops the
following warning:
drivers/cpufreq/mvebu-cpufreq.c:73:40: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Add Broxton CPU model number.
Broxton requires core_params to get performance limits via MSRs, but
it is an Atom platform, which requires more power optimized algorithm.
So the P state selection will use similar algorithm as other Atom
platforms.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The conservative governor registers a transition notifier so it
can update its internal requested_freq value if it falls out of the
policy->min...policy->max range, but requested_freq is not really
necessary.
That value is used to track the frequency requested by the governor
previously, but policy->cur can be used instead of it and then the
governor will not have to worry about updating the tracked value when
the current frequency changes independently (for example, as a result
of min or max changes).
Accodringly, drop requested_freq from struct cs_policy_dbs_info
and modify cs_dbs_timer() to use policy->cur instead of it.
While at it, notice that __cpufreq_driver_target() clamps its
target_freq argument between policy->min and policy->max, so
the callers of it don't have to do that and make additional
changes in cs_dbs_timer() in accordance with that.
After these changes the transition notifier used by the conservative
governor is not necessary any more, so drop it, which also makes it
possible to drop the struct cs_governor definition and simplify the
code accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
* pm-cpufreq-fixes:
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix ->set_policy() interface for no_turbo
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix code ordering in intel_pstate_set_policy()
* pm-cpuidle:
cpuidle: Do not access cpuidle_devices when !CONFIG_CPU_IDLE
There's no reason for gov_cancel_work() to exist at all, as it only
has one caller and the only thing done by that caller is to invoke
gov_cancel_work().
Accordingly, drop gov_cancel_work() and move its contents to the
caller.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
policy->freq_table will always be valid for this platform, otherwise
driver's probe() would fail. And so this routine will *always* return
after calling cpufreq_frequency_table_verify().
This can be done using the generic callback provided by core, lets use
it instead.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This routine can't fail unless the frequency table is invalid and
doesn't contain any valid entries.
Make it return the index and WARN() in case it is used for an invalid
table.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
It is already present as part of the policy and so no need to pass it
from the caller. Also, 'freq_table' is guaranteed to be valid in this
function and so no need to check it.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The policy already has this pointer set, use it instead.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
There is absolutely no need to keep a copy to the freq-table in 'struct
od_policy_dbs_info'. Use policy->freq_table instead.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Most of the callers of cpufreq_frequency_get_table() already have the
pointer to a valid 'policy' structure and they don't really need to go
through the per-cpu variable first and then a check to validate the
frequency, in order to find the freq-table for the policy.
Directly use the policy->freq_table field instead for them.
Only one user of that API is left after above changes, cpu_cooling.c and
it accesses the freq_table in a racy way as the policy can get freed in
between.
Fix it by using cpufreq_cpu_get() properly.
Since there are no more users of cpufreq_frequency_get_table() left, get
rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Javi Merino <javi.merino@arm.com> (cpu_cooling.c)
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
These aren't required at all, remove them.
Reviewed-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
When turbo is disabled, the ->set_policy() interface is broken.
For example, when turbo is disabled and cpuinfo.max = 2900000 (full
max turbo frequency), setting the limits results in frequency less
than the requested one:
Set 1000000 KHz results in 0700000 KHz
Set 1500000 KHz results in 1100000 KHz
Set 2000000 KHz results in 1500000 KHz
This is because the limits->max_perf fraction is calculated using
the max turbo frequency as the reference, but when the max P-State is
capped in intel_pstate_get_min_max(), the reference is not the max
turbo P-State. This results in reducing max P-State.
One option is to always use max turbo as reference for calculating
limits. But this will not be correct. By definition the intel_pstate
sysfs limits, shows percentage of available performance. So when
BIOS has disabled turbo, the available performance is max non turbo.
So the max_perf_pct should still show 100%.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
[ rjw : Subject & changelog, rewrite in fewer lines of code ]
Cc: All applicable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The limits->max_perf is rounded_up but immediately overwritten by
another assignment to limits->max_perf.
Move that operation to the correct location.
While here also added a pr_debug() call in ->set_policy to aid in
debugging.
Fixes: 785ee27881 (cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix limits->max_perf rounding error)
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
[ rjw : Subject & changelog ]
Cc: 4.4+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.4+
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
All cpufreq drivers with a freq-table are migrated to use
cpufreq_table_validate_and_show() long back and the routine
cpufreq_frequency_table_cpuinfo() isn't used outside of cpufreq core
now.
Unexport it and update Documentation as well.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The modularity of cpufreq_stats is quite problematic.
First off, the usage of policy notifiers for the initialization
and cleanup in the cpufreq_stats module is inherently racy with
respect to CPU offline/online and the initialization and cleanup
of the cpufreq driver.
Second, fast frequency switching (used by the schedutil governor)
cannot be enabled if any transition notifiers are registered, so
if the cpufreq_stats module (that registers a transition notifier
for updating transition statistics) is loaded, the schedutil governor
cannot use fast frequency switching.
On the other hand, allowing cpufreq_stats to be built as a module
doesn't really add much value. Arguably, there's not much reason
for that code to be modular at all.
For the above reasons, make the cpufreq stats code non-modular,
modify the core to invoke functions provided by that code directly
and drop the notifiers from it.
Make the stats sysfs attributes appear empty if fast frequency
switching is enabled as the statistics will not be updated in that
case anyway (and returning -EBUSY from those attributes breaks
powertop).
While at it, clean up Kconfig help for the CPU_FREQ_STAT and
CPU_FREQ_STAT_DETAILS options.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Use clamp_val() instead of open coding it.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The sequence got a bit wrong as we are sending CPUFREQ_START
notifications even before we have sent CPUFREQ_CREATE_POLICY.
Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The 'initialized' field in struct cpufreq_governor is only used by
the conservative governor (as a usage counter) and the way that
happens is far from straightforward and arguably incorrect.
Namely, the value of 'initialized' is checked by
cpufreq_dbs_governor_init() and cpufreq_dbs_governor_exit() and
the results of those checks are passed (as the second argument) to
the ->init() and ->exit() callbacks in struct dbs_governor. Those
callbacks are only implemented by the ondemand and conservative
governors and ondemand doesn't use their second argument at all.
In turn, the conservative governor uses it to decide whether or not
to either register or unregister a transition notifier.
That whole mechanism is not only unnecessarily convoluted, but also
racy, because the 'initialized' field of struct cpufreq_governor is
updated in cpufreq_init_governor() and cpufreq_exit_governor() under
policy->rwsem which doesn't help if one of these functions is run
twice in parallel for different policies (which isn't impossible in
principle), for example.
Instead of it, add a proper usage counter to the conservative
governor and update it from cs_init() and cs_exit() which is
guaranteed to be non-racy, as those functions are only called
under gov_dbs_data_mutex which is global.
With that in place, drop the 'initialized' field from struct
cpufreq_governor as it is not used any more.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Create a new helper to avoid code duplication across governors.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
pr_*() helpers already prefix the print messages with
"cpufreq_governor:" and similar details aren't required in the actual
message.
For example, the print message getting fixed looks like this before this
patch:
cpufreq_governor: cpufreq: Governor initialization failed (dbs_data kobject init error 0)
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
These aren't required anymore as the allocation core already prints such
messages. Remove the redundant ones.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The design of the cpufreq governor API is not very straightforward,
as struct cpufreq_governor provides only one callback to be invoked
from different code paths for different purposes. The purpose it is
invoked for is determined by its second "event" argument, causing it
to act as a "callback multiplexer" of sorts.
Unfortunately, that leads to extra complexity in governors, some of
which implement the ->governor() callback as a switch statement
that simply checks the event argument and invokes a separate function
to handle that specific event.
That extra complexity can be eliminated by replacing the all-purpose
->governor() callback with a family of callbacks to carry out specific
governor operations: initialization and exit, start and stop and policy
limits updates. That also turns out to reduce the code size too, so
do it.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
The return value of clamp_val() has to be stored actually.
Fixes: b7898fda5b (cpufreq: Support for fast frequency switching)
Reported-by: Steve Muckle <steve.muckle@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Downgrade pr_info to pr_debug for the "_PPC limits will be enforced"
message.
In server systems with many cores this message is annoying.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
[ rjw: Changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The cpufreq_governor() routine is used by the cpufreq core to invoke
the current governor's ->governor() callback with appropriate arguments
and do some housekeeping related to that. Unfortunately, the way it
mixes different governor events in one code path makes it rather hard
to follow the code.
For this reason, split cpufreq_governor() into five simpler functions
that each will handle just one specific governor event and put all of
the code related to the given event into its own function.
This change is a prerequisite for a redesign of the cpufreq governor
API that will be done subsequently.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
The performance and powersave cpufreq governors handle the
CPUFREQ_GOV_START event in the same way as CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS.
However, the cpufreq core always invokes cpufreq_governor() with the
event argument equal to CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS right after invoking it with
event equal to CPUFREQ_GOV_START. As a result, for both the governors
in question, __cpufreq_driver_target() is executed twice in a row
with the same arguments which is not useful.
For this reason, simplify the performance and powersave governors
to handle the CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS event only as that's going to be
sufficient for the governor start too.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
It is not necessary to check the governor's max_transition_latency
attribute every time cpufreq_governor() runs, so check it only if
the event argument is CPUFREQ_GOV_POLICY_INIT.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
None of the cpufreq governors currently in the tree will ever fail
an invocation of the ->governor() callback with the event argument
equal to CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS (unless invoked with incorrect arguments
which doesn't matter anyway) and had it ever failed, the result of
it wouldn't have been very clean.
For this reason, rearrange the code in the core to ignore the return
value of cpufreq_governor() when called with event equal to
CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Most users of IS_ERR_VALUE() in the kernel are wrong, as they
pass an 'int' into a function that takes an 'unsigned long'
argument. This happens to work because the type is sign-extended
on 64-bit architectures before it gets converted into an
unsigned type.
However, anything that passes an 'unsigned short' or 'unsigned int'
argument into IS_ERR_VALUE() is guaranteed to be broken, as are
8-bit integers and types that are wider than 'unsigned long'.
Andrzej Hajda has already fixed a lot of the worst abusers that
were causing actual bugs, but it would be nice to prevent any
users that are not passing 'unsigned long' arguments.
This patch changes all users of IS_ERR_VALUE() that I could find
on 32-bit ARM randconfig builds and x86 allmodconfig. For the
moment, this doesn't change the definition of IS_ERR_VALUE()
because there are probably still architecture specific users
elsewhere.
Almost all the warnings I got are for files that are better off
using 'if (err)' or 'if (err < 0)'.
The only legitimate user I could find that we get a warning for
is the (32-bit only) freescale fman driver, so I did not remove
the IS_ERR_VALUE() there but changed the type to 'unsigned long'.
For 9pfs, I just worked around one user whose calling conventions
are so obscure that I did not dare change the behavior.
I was using this definition for testing:
#define IS_ERR_VALUE(x) ((unsigned long*)NULL == (typeof (x)*)NULL && \
unlikely((unsigned long long)(x) >= (unsigned long long)(typeof(x))-MAX_ERRNO))
which ends up making all 16-bit or wider types work correctly with
the most plausible interpretation of what IS_ERR_VALUE() was supposed
to return according to its users, but also causes a compile-time
warning for any users that do not pass an 'unsigned long' argument.
I suggested this approach earlier this year, but back then we ended
up deciding to just fix the users that are obviously broken. After
the initial warning that caused me to get involved in the discussion
(fs/gfs2/dir.c) showed up again in the mainline kernel, Linus
asked me to send the whole thing again.
[ Updated the 9p parts as per Al Viro - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Andrzej Hajda <a.hajda@samsung.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/7/363
Link: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/5/27/486
Acked-by: Srinivas Kandagatla <srinivas.kandagatla@linaro.org> # For nvmem part
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull thermal management updates from Zhang Rui:
- Introduce generic ADC thermal driver, based on OF thermal (Laxman
Dewangan)
- Introduce new thermal driver for Tango chips (Marc Gonzalez)
- Rockchip driver support for RK3399, RK3366, and some fixes (Caesar
Wang, Elaine Zhang and Shawn Lin)
- Add CPU power cooling model to Mediatek thermal driver (Dawei Chien)
- Wider usage of dev_thermal_zone_of_sensor_register (Eduardo Valentin)
- TI thermal driver gained a new maintainer (Keerthy).
- Enabled powerclamp driver by checking CPU feature and package cstate
counter instead of CPU whitelist (Jacob Pan)
- Various fixes on thermal governor, OF thermal, Tegra, and RCAR
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rzhang/linux: (50 commits)
thermal: tango: initialize TEMPSI_CFG
thermal: rockchip: use the usleep_range instead of udelay
thermal: rockchip: add the notes for better reading
thermal: rockchip: Support RK3366 SoCs in the thermal driver
thermal: rockchip: handle the power sequence for tsadc controller
thermal: rockchip: update the tsadc table for rk3399
thermal: rockchip: fixes the code_to_temp for tsadc driver
thermal: rockchip: disable thermal->clk in err case
thermal: tegra: add Tegra132 specific SOC_THERM driver
thermal: fix ptr_ret.cocci warnings
thermal: mediatek: Add cpu dynamic power cooling model.
thermal: generic-adc: Add ADC based thermal sensor driver
thermal: generic-adc: Add DT binding for ADC based thermal sensor
thermal: tegra: fix static checker warning
thermal: tegra: mark PM functions __maybe_unused
thermal: add temperature sensor support for tango SoC
thermal: hisilicon: fix IRQ imbalance enabling
thermal: hisilicon: support to use any sensor
thermal: rcar: Remove binding docs for r8a7794
thermal: tegra: add PM support
...
- Stable-candidate cpuidle fix to make it check the right variable
when deciding whether or not to enable interrupts on the local CPU
so as to avoid enabling iterrupts too early in some cases if the
system has both coupled and per-core idle states (Daniel Lezcano).
- Stable-candidate PM core fix to make it handle failures at the
"late suspend" stage of device suspend consistently for all
devices regardless of whether or not async suspend/resume is
enabled for them (Rafael Wysocki).
- Cleanups in the cpufreq core, the schedutil governor and the
intel_pstate driver (Rafael Wysocki, Pankaj Gupta, Viresh Kumar).
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Merge tag 'pm-4.7-rc1-more' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull more power management updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"These are two stable-candidate fixes (PM core, cpuidle) and a bunch of
cpufreq cleanups.
Specifics:
- Stable-candidate cpuidle fix to make it check the right variable
when deciding whether or not to enable interrupts on the local CPU
so as to avoid enabling iterrupts too early in some cases if the
system has both coupled and per-core idle states (Daniel Lezcano).
- Stable-candidate PM core fix to make it handle failures at the
"late suspend" stage of device suspend consistently for all devices
regardless of whether or not async suspend/resume is enabled for
them (Rafael Wysocki).
- Cleanups in the cpufreq core, the schedutil governor and the
intel_pstate driver (Rafael Wysocki, Pankaj Gupta, Viresh Kumar)"
* tag 'pm-4.7-rc1-more' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm:
PM / sleep: Handle failures in device_suspend_late() consistently
cpufreq: schedutil: Improve prints messages with pr_fmt
cpuidle: Fix cpuidle_state_is_coupled() argument in cpuidle_enter()
cpufreq: simplified goto out in cpufreq_register_driver()
cpufreq: governor: CPUFREQ_GOV_STOP never fails
cpufreq: governor: CPUFREQ_GOV_POLICY_EXIT never fails
intel_pstate: Simplify conditional in intel_pstate_set_policy()
Highlights:
- Support for Power ISA 3.0 (Power9) Radix Tree MMU from Aneesh Kumar K.V
- Live patching support for ppc64le (also merged via livepatching.git)
Various cleanups & minor fixes from:
- Aaro Koskinen, Alexey Kardashevskiy, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V,
Chris Smart, Daniel Axtens, Frederic Barrat, Gavin Shan, Ian Munsie, Lennart
Sorensen, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Markus Elfring, Michael
Ellerman, Oliver O'Halloran, Paul Gortmaker, Paul Mackerras, Rashmica Gupta,
Russell Currey, Suraj Jitindar Singh, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Valentin
Rothberg, Vipin K Parashar.
General:
- Update LMB associativity index during DLPAR add/remove from Nathan Fontenot
- Fix branching to OOL handlers in relocatable kernel from Hari Bathini
- Add support for userspace Power9 copy/paste from Chris Smart
- Always use STRICT_MM_TYPECHECKS from Michael Ellerman
- Add mask of possible MMU features from Michael Ellerman
PCI:
- Enable pass through of NVLink to guests from Alexey Kardashevskiy
- Cleanups in preparation for powernv PCI hotplug from Gavin Shan
- Don't report error in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover() from Gavin Shan
- Restore initial state in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover() from Gavin Shan
- Revert "powerpc/eeh: Fix crash in eeh_add_device_early() on Cell" from Guilherme G. Piccoli
- Remove the dependency on EEH struct in DDW mechanism from Guilherme G. Piccoli
selftests:
- Test cp_abort during context switch from Chris Smart
- Add several tests for transactional memory support from Rashmica Gupta
perf:
- Add support for sampling interrupt register state from Anju T
- Add support for unwinding perf-stackdump from Chandan Kumar
cxl:
- Configure the PSL for two CAPI ports on POWER8NVL from Philippe Bergheaud
- Allow initialization on timebase sync failures from Frederic Barrat
- Increase timeout for detection of AFU mmio hang from Frederic Barrat
- Handle num_of_processes larger than can fit in the SPA from Ian Munsie
- Ensure PSL interrupt is configured for contexts with no AFU IRQs from Ian Munsie
- Add kernel API to allow a context to operate with relocate disabled from Ian Munsie
- Check periodically the coherent platform function's state from Christophe Lombard
Freescale:
- Updates from Scott: "Contains 86xx fixes, minor device tree fixes, an erratum
workaround, and a kconfig dependency fix."
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.7-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
"Highlights:
- Support for Power ISA 3.0 (Power9) Radix Tree MMU from Aneesh Kumar K.V
- Live patching support for ppc64le (also merged via livepatching.git)
Various cleanups & minor fixes from:
- Aaro Koskinen, Alexey Kardashevskiy, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V,
Chris Smart, Daniel Axtens, Frederic Barrat, Gavin Shan, Ian Munsie,
Lennart Sorensen, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Markus Elfring,
Michael Ellerman, Oliver O'Halloran, Paul Gortmaker, Paul Mackerras,
Rashmica Gupta, Russell Currey, Suraj Jitindar Singh, Thiago Jung
Bauermann, Valentin Rothberg, Vipin K Parashar.
General:
- Update LMB associativity index during DLPAR add/remove from Nathan
Fontenot
- Fix branching to OOL handlers in relocatable kernel from Hari Bathini
- Add support for userspace Power9 copy/paste from Chris Smart
- Always use STRICT_MM_TYPECHECKS from Michael Ellerman
- Add mask of possible MMU features from Michael Ellerman
PCI:
- Enable pass through of NVLink to guests from Alexey Kardashevskiy
- Cleanups in preparation for powernv PCI hotplug from Gavin Shan
- Don't report error in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover() from Gavin Shan
- Restore initial state in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover() from Gavin Shan
- Revert "powerpc/eeh: Fix crash in eeh_add_device_early() on Cell"
from Guilherme G Piccoli
- Remove the dependency on EEH struct in DDW mechanism from Guilherme
G Piccoli
selftests:
- Test cp_abort during context switch from Chris Smart
- Add several tests for transactional memory support from Rashmica
Gupta
perf:
- Add support for sampling interrupt register state from Anju T
- Add support for unwinding perf-stackdump from Chandan Kumar
cxl:
- Configure the PSL for two CAPI ports on POWER8NVL from Philippe
Bergheaud
- Allow initialization on timebase sync failures from Frederic Barrat
- Increase timeout for detection of AFU mmio hang from Frederic
Barrat
- Handle num_of_processes larger than can fit in the SPA from Ian
Munsie
- Ensure PSL interrupt is configured for contexts with no AFU IRQs
from Ian Munsie
- Add kernel API to allow a context to operate with relocate disabled
from Ian Munsie
- Check periodically the coherent platform function's state from
Christophe Lombard
Freescale:
- Updates from Scott: "Contains 86xx fixes, minor device tree fixes,
an erratum workaround, and a kconfig dependency fix."
* tag 'powerpc-4.7-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (192 commits)
powerpc/86xx: Fix PCI interrupt map definition
powerpc/86xx: Move pci1 definition to the include file
powerpc/fsl: Fix build of the dtb embedded kernel images
powerpc/fsl: Fix rcpm compatible string
powerpc/fsl: Remove FSL_SOC dependency from FSL_LBC
powerpc/fsl-pci: Add a workaround for PCI 5 errata
powerpc/fsl: Fix SPI compatible on t208xrdb and t1040rdb
powerpc/powernv/npu: Add PE to PHB's list
powerpc/powernv: Fix insufficient memory allocation
powerpc/iommu: Remove the dependency on EEH struct in DDW mechanism
Revert "powerpc/eeh: Fix crash in eeh_add_device_early() on Cell"
powerpc/eeh: Drop unnecessary label in eeh_pe_change_owner()
powerpc/eeh: Ignore handlers in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover()
powerpc/eeh: Restore initial state in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover()
powerpc/eeh: Don't report error in eeh_pe_reset_and_recover()
Revert "powerpc/powernv: Exclude root bus in pnv_pci_reset_secondary_bus()"
powerpc/powernv/npu: Enable NVLink pass through
powerpc/powernv/npu: Rework TCE Kill handling
powerpc/powernv/npu: Add set/unset window helpers
powerpc/powernv/ioda2: Export debug helper pe_level_printk()
...
Pull MIPS updates from Ralf Baechle:
"This is the main pull request for MIPS for 4.7. Here's the summary of
the changes:
- ATH79: Support for DTB passuing using the UHI boot protocol
- ATH79: Remove support for builtin DTB.
- ATH79: Add zboot debug serial support.
- ATH79: Add initial support for Dragino MS14 (Dragine 2), Onion Omega
and DPT-Module.
- ATH79: Update devicetree clock support for AR9132 and AR9331.
- ATH79: Cleanup the DT code.
- ATH79: Support newer SOCs in ath79_ddr_ctrl_init.
- ATH79: Fix regression in PCI window initialization.
- BCM47xx: Move SPROM driver to drivers/firmware/
- BCM63xx: Enable partition parser in defconfig.
- BMIPS: BMIPS5000 has I cache filing from D cache
- BMIPS: BMIPS: Add cpu-feature-overrides.h
- BMIPS: Add Whirlwind support
- BMIPS: Adjust mips-hpt-frequency for BCM7435
- BMIPS: Remove maxcpus from BCM97435SVMB DTS
- BMIPS: Add missing 7038 L1 register cells to BCM7435
- BMIPS: Various tweaks to initialization code.
- BMIPS: Enable partition parser in defconfig.
- BMIPS: Cache tweaks.
- BMIPS: Add UART, I2C and SATA devices to DT.
- BMIPS: Add BCM6358 and BCM63268support
- BMIPS: Add device tree example for BCM6358.
- BMIPS: Improve Improve BCM6328 and BCM6368 device trees
- Lantiq: Add support for device tree file from boot loader
- Lantiq: Allow build with no built-in DT.
- Loongson 3: Reserve 32MB for RS780E integrated GPU.
- Loongson 3: Fix build error after ld-version.sh modification
- Loongson 3: Move chipset ACPI code from drivers to arch.
- Loongson 3: Speedup irq processing.
- Loongson 3: Add basic Loongson 3A support.
- Loongson 3: Set cache flush handlers to nop.
- Loongson 3: Invalidate special TLBs when needed.
- Loongson 3: Fast TLB refill handler.
- MT7620: Fallback strategy for invalid syscfg0.
- Netlogic: Fix CP0_EBASE redefinition warnings
- Octeon: Initialization fixes
- Octeon: Add DTS files for the D-Link DSR-1000N and EdgeRouter Lite
- Octeon: Enable add Octeon-drivers in cavium_octeon_defconfig
- Octeon: Correctly handle endian-swapped initramfs images.
- Octeon: Support CN73xx, CN75xx and CN78xx.
- Octeon: Remove dead code from cvmx-sysinfo.
- Octeon: Extend number of supported CPUs past 32.
- Octeon: Remove some code limiting NR_IRQS to 255.
- Octeon: Simplify octeon_irq_ciu_gpio_set_type.
- Octeon: Mark some functions __init in smp.c
- Octeon: Octeon: Add Octeon III CN7xxx interface detection
- PIC32: Add serial driver and bindings for it.
- PIC32: Add PIC32 deadman timer driver and bindings.
- PIC32: Add PIC32 clock timer driver and bindings.
- Pistachio: Determine SoC revision during boot
- Sibyte: Fix Kconfig dependencies of SIBYTE_BUS_WATCHER.
- Sibyte: Strip redundant comments from bcm1480_regs.h.
- Panic immediately if panic_on_oops is set.
- module: fix incorrect IS_ERR_VALUE macro usage.
- module: Make consistent use of pr_*
- Remove no longer needed work_on_cpu() call.
- Remove CONFIG_IPV6_PRIVACY from defconfigs.
- Fix registers of non-crashing CPUs in dumps.
- Handle MIPSisms in new vmcore_elf32_check_arch.
- Select CONFIG_HANDLE_DOMAIN_IRQ and make it work.
- Allow RIXI to be used on non-R2 or R6 cores.
- Reserve nosave data for hibernation
- Fix siginfo.h to use strict POSIX types.
- Don't unwind user mode with EVA.
- Fix watchpoint restoration
- Ptrace watchpoints for R6.
- Sync icache when it fills from dcache
- I6400 I-cache fills from dcache.
- Various MSA fixes.
- Cleanup MIPS_CPU_* definitions.
- Signal: Move generic copy_siginfo to signal.h
- Signal: Fix uapi include in exported asm/siginfo.h
- Timer fixes for sake of KVM.
- XPA TLB refill fixes.
- Treat perf counter feature
- Update John Crispin's email address
- Add PIC32 watchdog and bindings.
- Handle R10000 LL/SC bug in set_pte()
- cpufreq: Various fixes for Longson1.
- R6: Fix R2 emulation.
- mathemu: Cosmetic fix to ADDIUPC emulation, plenty of other small fixes
- ELF: ABI and FP fixes.
- Allow for relocatable kernel and use that to support KASLR.
- Fix CPC_BASE_ADDR mask
- Plenty fo smp-cps, CM, R6 and M6250 fixes.
- Make reset_control_ops const.
- Fix kernel command line handling of leading whitespace.
- Cleanups to cache handling.
- Add brcm, bcm6345-l1-intc device tree bindings.
- Use generic clkdev.h header
- Remove CLK_IS_ROOT usage.
- Misc small cleanups.
- CM: Fix compilation error when !MIPS_CM
- oprofile: Fix a preemption issue
- Detect DSP ASE v3 support:1"
* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus: (275 commits)
MIPS: pic32mzda: fix getting timer clock rate.
MIPS: ath79: fix regression in PCI window initialization
MIPS: ath79: make ath79_ddr_ctrl_init() compatible for newer SoCs
MIPS: Fix VZ probe gas errors with binutils <2.24
MIPS: perf: Fix I6400 event numbers
MIPS: DEC: Export `ioasic_ssr_lock' to modules
MIPS: MSA: Fix a link error on `_init_msa_upper' with older GCC
MIPS: CM: Fix compilation error when !MIPS_CM
MIPS: Fix genvdso error on rebuild
USB: ohci-jz4740: Remove obsolete driver
MIPS: JZ4740: Probe OHCI platform device via DT
MIPS: JZ4740: Qi LB60: Remove support for AVT2 variant
MIPS: pistachio: Determine SoC revision during boot
MIPS: BMIPS: Adjust mips-hpt-frequency for BCM7435
mips: mt7620: fallback to SDRAM when syscfg0 does not have a valid value for the memory type
MIPS: Prevent "restoration" of MSA context in non-MSA kernels
MIPS: cevt-r4k: Dynamically calculate min_delta_ns
MIPS: malta-time: Take seconds into account
MIPS: malta-time: Start GIC count before syncing to RTC
MIPS: Force CPUs to lose FP context during mode switches
...
None of the cpufreq governors currently in the tree will ever fail
an invocation of the ->governor() callback with the event argument
equal to CPUFREQ_GOV_STOP (unless invoked with incorrect arguments
which doesn't matter anyway) and it is rather difficult to imagine
a valid reason for such a failure.
Accordingly, rearrange the code in the core to make it clear that
this call never fails.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
None of the cpufreq governors currently in the tree will ever fail
an invocation of the ->governor() callback with the event argument
equal to CPUFREQ_GOV_POLICY_EXIT (unless invoked with incorrect
arguments which doesn't matter anyway) and it wouldn't really
make sense to fail it, because the caller won't be able to handle
that failure in a meaningful way.
Accordingly, rearrange the code in the core to make it clear that
this call never fails.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
One of the if () statements in intel_pstate_set_policy() causes
another if () to be evaluated if the condition is true and it
doesn't do anything else, so merge the two if () statements into
one.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
- New cpufreq "schedutil" governor (making decisions based on CPU
utilization information provided by the scheduler and capable of
switching CPU frequencies right away if the underlying driver
supports that) and support for fast frequency switching in the
acpi-cpufreq driver (Rafael Wysocki).
- Consolidation of CPU frequency management on ARM platforms allowing
them to get rid of some platform-specific boilerplate code if they
are going to use the cpufreq-dt driver (Viresh Kumar, Finley Xiao,
Marc Gonzalez).
- Support for ACPI _PPC and CPU frequency limits in the intel_pstate
driver (Srinivas Pandruvada).
- Fixes and cleanups in the cpufreq core and generic governor code
(Rafael Wysocki, Sai Gurrappadi).
- intel_pstate driver optimizations and cleanups (Rafael Wysocki,
Philippe Longepe, Chen Yu, Joe Perches).
- cpufreq powernv driver fixes and cleanups (Akshay Adiga, Shilpasri
Bhat).
- cpufreq qoriq driver fixes and cleanups (Jia Hongtao).
- ACPI cpufreq driver cleanups (Viresh Kumar).
- Assorted cpufreq driver updates (Ashwin Chaugule, Geliang Tang,
Javier Martinez Canillas, Paul Gortmaker, Sudeep Holla).
- Assorted cpufreq fixes and cleanups (Joe Perches, Arnd Bergmann).
- Fixes and cleanups in the OPP (Operating Performance Points)
framework, mostly related to OPP sharing, and reorganization of
OF-dependent code in it (Viresh Kumar, Arnd Bergmann, Sudeep Holla).
- New "passive" governor for devfreq (for SoC subsystems that will
rely on someone else for the management of their power resources)
and consolidation of devfreq support for Exynos platforms, coding
style and typo fixes for devfreq (Chanwoo Choi, MyungJoo Ham).
- PM core fixes and cleanups, mostly to make it work better with the
generic power domains (genpd) framework, and updates for that
framework (Ulf Hansson, Thierry Reding, Colin Ian King).
- Intel Broxton support for the intel_idle driver (Len Brown).
- cpuidle core optimization and fix (Daniel Lezcano, Dave Gerlach).
- ARM cpuidle cleanups (Jisheng Zhang).
- Intel Kabylake support for the RAPL power capping driver (Jacob Pan).
- AVS (Adaptive Voltage Switching) rockchip-io driver update (Heiko
Stuebner).
- Updates for the cpupower tool (Arjun Sreedharan, Colin Ian King,
Mattia Dongili, Thomas Renninger).
/
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Merge tag 'pm-4.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull power management updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"The majority of changes go into the cpufreq subsystem this time.
To me, quite obviously, the biggest ticket item is the new "schedutil"
governor. Interestingly enough, it's the first new cpufreq governor
since the beginning of the git era (except for some out-of-the-tree
ones).
There are two main differences between it and the existing governors.
First, it uses the information provided by the scheduler directly for
making its decisions, so it doesn't have to track anything by itself.
Second, it can invoke drivers (supporting that feature) to adjust CPU
performance right away without having to spawn work items to be
executed in process context or similar. Currently, the acpi-cpufreq
driver is the only one supporting that mode of operation, but then it
is used on a large number of systems.
The "schedutil" governor as included here is very simple and mostly
regarded as a foundation for future work on the integration of the
scheduler with CPU power management (in fact, there is work in
progress on top of it already). Nevertheless it works and the
preliminary results obtained with it are encouraging.
There also is some consolidation of CPU frequency management for ARM
platforms that can add their machine IDs the the new stub dt-platdev
driver now and that will take care of creating the requisite platform
device for cpufreq-dt, so it is not necessary to do that in platform
code any more. Several ARM platforms are switched over to using this
generic mechanism.
In addition to that, the intel_pstate driver is now going to respect
CPU frequency limits set by the platform firmware (or a BMC) and
provided via the ACPI _PPC object.
The devfreq subsystem is getting a new "passive" governor for SoCs
subsystems that will depend on somebody else to manage their voltage
rails and its support for Samsung Exynos SoCs is consolidated.
The rest is support for new hardware (Intel Broxton support in
intel_idle for one example), bug fixes, optimizations and cleanups in
a number of places.
Specifics:
- New cpufreq "schedutil" governor (making decisions based on CPU
utilization information provided by the scheduler and capable of
switching CPU frequencies right away if the underlying driver
supports that) and support for fast frequency switching in the
acpi-cpufreq driver (Rafael Wysocki)
- Consolidation of CPU frequency management on ARM platforms allowing
them to get rid of some platform-specific boilerplate code if they
are going to use the cpufreq-dt driver (Viresh Kumar, Finley Xiao,
Marc Gonzalez)
- Support for ACPI _PPC and CPU frequency limits in the intel_pstate
driver (Srinivas Pandruvada)
- Fixes and cleanups in the cpufreq core and generic governor code
(Rafael Wysocki, Sai Gurrappadi)
- intel_pstate driver optimizations and cleanups (Rafael Wysocki,
Philippe Longepe, Chen Yu, Joe Perches)
- cpufreq powernv driver fixes and cleanups (Akshay Adiga, Shilpasri
Bhat)
- cpufreq qoriq driver fixes and cleanups (Jia Hongtao)
- ACPI cpufreq driver cleanups (Viresh Kumar)
- Assorted cpufreq driver updates (Ashwin Chaugule, Geliang Tang,
Javier Martinez Canillas, Paul Gortmaker, Sudeep Holla)
- Assorted cpufreq fixes and cleanups (Joe Perches, Arnd Bergmann)
- Fixes and cleanups in the OPP (Operating Performance Points)
framework, mostly related to OPP sharing, and reorganization of
OF-dependent code in it (Viresh Kumar, Arnd Bergmann, Sudeep Holla)
- New "passive" governor for devfreq (for SoC subsystems that will
rely on someone else for the management of their power resources)
and consolidation of devfreq support for Exynos platforms, coding
style and typo fixes for devfreq (Chanwoo Choi, MyungJoo Ham)
- PM core fixes and cleanups, mostly to make it work better with the
generic power domains (genpd) framework, and updates for that
framework (Ulf Hansson, Thierry Reding, Colin Ian King)
- Intel Broxton support for the intel_idle driver (Len Brown)
- cpuidle core optimization and fix (Daniel Lezcano, Dave Gerlach)
- ARM cpuidle cleanups (Jisheng Zhang)
- Intel Kabylake support for the RAPL power capping driver (Jacob
Pan)
- AVS (Adaptive Voltage Switching) rockchip-io driver update (Heiko
Stuebner)
- Updates for the cpupower tool (Arjun Sreedharan, Colin Ian King,
Mattia Dongili, Thomas Renninger)"
* tag 'pm-4.7-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (112 commits)
intel_pstate: Clean up get_target_pstate_use_performance()
intel_pstate: Use sample.core_avg_perf in get_avg_pstate()
intel_pstate: Clarify average performance computation
intel_pstate: Avoid unnecessary synchronize_sched() during initialization
cpufreq: schedutil: Make default depend on CONFIG_SMP
cpufreq: powernv: del_timer_sync when global and local pstate are equal
cpufreq: powernv: Move smp_call_function_any() out of irq safe block
intel_pstate: Clean up intel_pstate_get()
cpufreq: schedutil: Make it depend on CONFIG_SMP
cpufreq: governor: Fix handling of special cases in dbs_update()
PM / OPP: Move CONFIG_OF dependent code in a separate file
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Ignore _PPC processing under HWP
cpufreq: arm_big_little: use generic OPP functions for {init, free}_opp_table
PM / OPP: add non-OF versions of dev_pm_opp_{cpumask_, }remove_table
cpufreq: tango: Use generic platdev driver
PM / OPP: pass cpumask by reference
cpufreq: Fix GOV_LIMITS handling for the userspace governor
cpupower: fix potential memory leak
PM / devfreq: style/typo fixes
PM / devfreq: exynos: Add the detailed correlation for Exynos5422 bus
..
Pull x86 asm updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- MSR access API fixes and enhancements (Andy Lutomirski)
- early exception handling improvements (Andy Lutomirski)
- user-space FS/GS prctl usage fixes and improvements (Andy
Lutomirski)
- Remove the cpu_has_*() APIs and replace them with equivalents
(Borislav Petkov)
- task switch micro-optimization (Brian Gerst)
- 32-bit entry code simplification (Denys Vlasenko)
- enhance PAT handling in enumated CPUs (Toshi Kani)
... and lots of other cleanups/fixlets"
* 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (70 commits)
x86/arch_prctl/64: Restore accidentally removed put_cpu() in ARCH_SET_GS
x86/entry/32: Remove asmlinkage_protect()
x86/entry/32: Remove GET_THREAD_INFO() from entry code
x86/entry, sched/x86: Don't save/restore EFLAGS on task switch
x86/asm/entry/32: Simplify pushes of zeroed pt_regs->REGs
selftests/x86/ldt_gdt: Test set_thread_area() deletion of an active segment
x86/tls: Synchronize segment registers in set_thread_area()
x86/asm/64: Rename thread_struct's fs and gs to fsbase and gsbase
x86/arch_prctl/64: Remove FSBASE/GSBASE < 4G optimization
x86/segments/64: When load_gs_index fails, clear the base
x86/segments/64: When loadsegment(fs, ...) fails, clear the base
x86/asm: Make asm/alternative.h safe from assembly
x86/asm: Stop depending on ptrace.h in alternative.h
x86/entry: Rename is_{ia32,x32}_task() to in_{ia32,x32}_syscall()
x86/asm: Make sure verify_cpu() has a good stack
x86/extable: Add a comment about early exception handlers
x86/msr: Set the return value to zero when native_rdmsr_safe() fails
x86/paravirt: Make "unsafe" MSR accesses unsafe even if PARAVIRT=y
x86/paravirt: Add paravirt_{read,write}_msr()
x86/msr: Carry on after a non-"safe" MSR access fails
...
The comments and the core_busy variable name in
get_target_pstate_use_performance() are totally confusing,
so modify them to reflect what's going on.
The results of the computations should be the same as before.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Notice that get_avg_pstate() can use sample.core_avg_perf instead of
carrying the same division again, so make it do that.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The core_pct_busy field of struct sample actually contains the
average performace during the last sampling period (in percent)
and not the utilization of the core as suggested by its name
which is confusing.
For this reason, change the name of that field to core_avg_perf
and rename the function that computes its value accordingly.
Also notice that storing this value as percentage requires a costly
integer multiplication to be carried out in a hot path, so instead
store it as an "extended fixed point" value with more fraction bits
and update the code using it accordingly (it is better to change the
name of the field along with its meaning in one go than to make those
two changes separately, as that would likely lead to more
confusion).
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Currently, in intel_pstate_clear_update_util_hook(), after
clearing the utilization update hook, we leverage
synchronize_sched() to deal with synchronization, which
is a little bit time-costly because synchronize_sched()
has to wait for all the CPUs to go through a grace period.
Actually, the synchronize_sched() is not necessary if the utilization
update hook has not been set for the given CPU yet, so make the driver
check if that's the case and avoid the synchronize_sched() call then.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=116371
Tested-by: Tian Ye <yex.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
[ rjw : Rebase ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
CPU_FREQ_GOV_SCHEDUTIL gained a dependency on SMP, so now we
get a warning if it gets selected by CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_SCHEDUTIL
without SMP:
warning: (CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_SCHEDUTIL) selects CPU_FREQ_GOV_SCHEDUTIL which has unmet direct dependencies (CPU_FREQ && SMP)
This adds another dependency to avoid the problem.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Fixes: bf7cdff194 (cpufreq: schedutil: Make it depend on CONFIG_SMP)
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
When global and local pstate are equal in a powernv_target_index() call,
we don't queue a timer. But we may have timer already queued for future.
This could cause the timer to fire one additional time for no use.
Signed-off-by: Akshay Adiga <akshay.adiga@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Fix a WARN_ON caused by smp_call_function_any() when irq is disabled,
because of changes made in the patch ('cpufreq: powernv: Ramp-down
global pstate slower than local-pstate')
https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/612058/
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 4 at kernel/smp.c:291
smp_call_function_single+0x170/0x180
Call Trace:
[c0000007f648f9f0] [c0000007f648fa90] 0xc0000007f648fa90 (unreliable)
[c0000007f648fa30] [c0000000001430e0] smp_call_function_any+0x170/0x1c0
[c0000007f648fa90] [c0000000007b4b00]
powernv_cpufreq_target_index+0xe0/0x250
[c0000007f648fb00] [c0000000007ac9dc]
__cpufreq_driver_target+0x20c/0x3d0
[c0000007f648fbc0] [c0000000007b1b4c] od_dbs_timer+0xcc/0x260
[c0000007f648fc10] [c0000000007b3024] dbs_work_handler+0x54/0xa0
[c0000007f648fc50] [c0000000000c49a8] process_one_work+0x1d8/0x590
[c0000007f648fce0] [c0000000000c4e08] worker_thread+0xa8/0x660
[c0000007f648fd80] [c0000000000cca88] kthread+0x108/0x130
[c0000007f648fe30] [c0000000000095e8] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0x74
- Calling smp_call_function_any() with interrupt disabled (through
spin_lock_irqsave) could cause a deadlock, as smp_call_function_any()
relies on the IPI to complete. This is detected in the
smp_call_function_any() call and hence the WARN_ON.
- As the spinlock (gpstates->lock) is only used to synchronize access of
global_pstate_info between timer irq handler and target_index calls. And
the timer irq handler just try_locks() hence it would not cause a
deadlock. Hence could do without making spinlocks irq safe.
- As the smp_call_function_any() is a blocking call and does not access
global_pstates_info, it could reduce the critcal section by moving
smp_call_function_any() after giving up the lock.
Reported-by: Abdul Haleem <abdhalee@linux.vnet.linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Akshay Adiga <akshay.adiga@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
intel_pstate_get() contains a local variable that's initialized but
never used and it can be written in fewer lines of code, so clean
it up.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Make the schedutil cpufreq governor depend on CONFIG_SMP, because
the scheduler-provided utilization numbers used by it are only
available with CONFIG_SMP set.
Fixes: 9bdcb44e39 (cpufreq: schedutil: New governor based on scheduler utilization data)
Reported-by: Steve Muckle <steve.muckle@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
* pm-cpufreq-fixes:
intel_pstate: Fix intel_pstate_get()
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix HWP on boot CPU after system resume
cpufreq: st: enable selective initialization based on the platform
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix processing for turbo activation ratio
As reported in KBZ 69821:
"With CONFIG_HZ_PERIODIC=y cpu stays at the lowest frequcency 800MHz
even if usage goes to 100%, frequency does not scale up, the governor
in use is ondemand. Neither works conservative. Performance and
userspace governors work as expected.
With CONFIG_NO_HZ_IDLE or CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL cpu scales up with ondemand
as expected."
Analysis carried out by Chen Yu leads to the conclusion that the
observed issue is due to idle_time in dbs_update() representing a
negative number in which case the function will return 0 as the load
(unless load is greater than 0 for another CPU sharing the policy),
although that need not be the right choice.
Indeed, idle_time representing a negative number means that during
the last sampling interval the CPU was almost 100% busy on the rough
average, so 100 should be returned as the load in that case.
Modify the code accordingly and rearrange it to clarify the handling
of all of the special cases in it. While at it, also avoid returning
zero as the load if time_elapsed is 0 (it doesn't really make sense
to return 0 then).
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=69821
Tested-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
Tested-by: Timo Valtoaho <timo.valtoaho@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
* pm-opp-fixes:
PM / OPP: Remove useless check
* pm-cpufreq-fixes:
intel_pstate: Fix intel_pstate_get()
cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix HWP on boot CPU after system resume
cpufreq: st: enable selective initialization based on the platform
* pm-cpuidle-fixes:
ARM: cpuidle: Pass on arm_cpuidle_suspend()'s return value
When HWP (hardware P states) feature is active, the ACPI _PSS and _PPC
is not used. So ignore processing for _PPC limits.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Currently when performing random CPU hot-plugs and suspend-to-ram(S2R)
on systems using arm_big_little cpufreq driver, we get warnings similar
to something like below:
cpu cpu1: _opp_add: duplicate OPPs detected. Existing: freq: 600000000,
volt: 800000, enabled: 1. New: freq: 600000000, volt: 800000, enabled: 1
This is mainly because the OPPs for the shared cpus are not set. We can
just use dev_pm_opp_of_cpumask_add_table in case the OPPs are obtained
from DT(arm_big_little_dt.c) or use dev_pm_opp_set_sharing_cpus if the
OPPs are obtained by other means like firmware(e.g. scpi-cpufreq.c)
Also now that the generic dev_pm_opp{,_of}_cpumask_remove_table can
handle removal of opp table and entries for all associated CPUs, we can
re-use dev_pm_opp{,_of}_cpumask_remove_table as free_opp_table in
cpufreq_arm_bL_ops.
This patch makes necessary changes to reuse the generic OPP functions for
{init,free}_opp_table and thereby eliminating the warnings.
Signed-off-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Add tango4 compatible string to the list.
Signed-off-by: Marc Gonzalez <marc_gonzalez@sigmadesigns.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Currently, the userspace governor only updates frequency on GOV_LIMITS
if policy->cur falls outside policy->{min/max}. However, it is also
necessary to update current frequency on GOV_LIMITS to match the user
requested value if it can be achieved within the new policy->{max/min}.
This was previously the behaviour in the governor until commit d1922f0
("cpufreq: Simplify userspace governor") which incorrectly assumed that
policy->cur == user requested frequency via scaling_setspeed. This won't
be true if the user requested frequency falls outside policy->{min/max}.
Ex: a temporary thermal cap throttled the user requested frequency.
Fix this by storing the user requested frequency in a seperate variable.
The governor will then try to achieve this request on every GOV_LIMITS
change.
Fixes: d1922f0256 (cpufreq: Simplify userspace governor)
Signed-off-by: Sai Gurrappadi <sgurrappadi@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
After commit 8fa520af50 "intel_pstate: Remove freq calculation from
intel_pstate_calc_busy()" intel_pstate_get() calls get_avg_frequency()
to compute the average frequency, which is problematic for two reasons.
First, intel_pstate_get() may be invoked before the driver reads the
CPU feedback registers for the first time and if that happens,
get_avg_frequency() will attempt to divide by zero.
Second, the get_avg_frequency() call in intel_pstate_get() is racy
with respect to intel_pstate_sample() and it may end up returning
completely meaningless values for this reason.
Moreover, after commit 7349ec0470 "intel_pstate: Move
intel_pstate_calc_busy() into get_target_pstate_use_performance()"
sample.core_pct_busy is never computed on Atom, but it is used in
intel_pstate_adjust_busy_pstate() in that case too.
To address those problems notice that if sample.core_pct_busy
was used in the average frequency computation carried out by
get_avg_frequency(), both the divide by zero problem and the
race with respect to intel_pstate_sample() would be avoided.
Accordingly, move the invocation of intel_pstate_calc_busy() from
get_target_pstate_use_performance() to intel_pstate_update_util(),
which also will take care of the uninitialized sample.core_pct_busy
on Atom, and modify get_avg_frequency() to use sample.core_pct_busy
as per the above.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <ying.huang@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=146226437623173&w=4
Fixes: 8fa520af50 "intel_pstate: Remove freq calculation from intel_pstate_calc_busy()"
Fixes: 7349ec0470 "intel_pstate: Move intel_pstate_calc_busy() into get_target_pstate_use_performance()"
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Rafael J. Wysocki
Andreas Herrmann
Steve Muckle
Viresh Kumar
Srinivas Pandruvada
Carsten Emde
Akshay Adiga
Jan Kiszka
Thomas Gleixner
Jisheng Zhang
Masahiro Yamada
Mike Galbraith
Ben Dooks
Ingo Molnar
Dave Hansen
Arnd Bergmann
Linus Torvalds
Pankaj Gupta
Dawei Chien
Kelvin Cheung
Chen Yu
Sudeep Holla
Marc Gonzalez
Sai Gurrappadi