If cpu specific cpufreq driver(i.e. longrun) has "setpolicy" function,
governor object isn't set into cpufreq_policy object at "__cpufreq_set_policy"
function in driver/cpufreq/cpufreq.c .
This causes a null object access at "store_scaling_setspeed" and
"show_scaling_setspeed" function in driver/cpufreq/cpufreq.c when reading or
writing through /sys interface (ex. cat
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_setspeed)
Addresses:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10654https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=443354
Signed-off-by: CHIKAMA Masaki <masaki.chikama@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Chuck Ebbert <cebbert@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c the function cpufreq_add_dev() takes the
error exit 'err_out_unregister' from different places once with the
'cpu_policy_rwsem' lock held, once with the lock released:
| if (ret)
| goto err_out_unregister;
| }
|
| policy->governor = NULL; /* to assure that the starting sequence is
| * run in cpufreq_set_policy */
|
| /* set default policy */
| ret = __cpufreq_set_policy(policy, &new_policy);
| policy->user_policy.policy = policy->policy;
| policy->user_policy.governor = policy->governor;
|
| unlock_policy_rwsem_write(cpu);
|
| if (ret) {
| dprintk("setting policy failed\n");
| goto err_out_unregister;
| }
This leads to the following error message in case of a failing
__cpufreq_set_policy() call:
=====================================
[ BUG: bad unlock balance detected! ]
-------------------------------------
swapper/1 is trying to release lock (&per_cpu(cpu_policy_rwsem, cpu)) at:
[<c01b4564>] unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x30/0x40
but there are no more locks to release!
other info that might help us debug this:
1 lock held by swapper/1:
#0: (sysdev_drivers_lock){--..}, at: [<c018fd18>] sysdev_driver_register+0x74/0x130
stack backtrace:
[<c002f588>] (dump_stack+0x0/0x14) from [<c00692fc>] (print_unlock_inbalance_bug+0xc8/0x104)
[<c0069234>] (print_unlock_inbalance_bug+0x0/0x104) from [<c006b7ac>] (lock_release_non_nested+0xc4/0x19c)
r6:00000028 r5:c3c1ab80 r4:c01b4564
[<c006b6e8>] (lock_release_non_nested+0x0/0x19c) from [<c006b9e0>] (lock_release+0x15c/0x18c)
r8:60000013 r7:00000001 r6:c01b4564 r5:c0541bb4 r4:c3c1ab80
[<c006b884>] (lock_release+0x0/0x18c) from [<c0061ba0>] (up_write+0x24/0x30)
r8:c0541b80 r7:00000000 r6:ffffffea r5:c3c34828 r4:c0541b8c
[<c0061b7c>] (up_write+0x0/0x30) from [<c01b4564>] (unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x30/0x40)
r4:c3c34884
[<c01b4534>] (unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x0/0x40) from [<c01b4c40>] (cpufreq_add_dev+0x324/0x398)
[<c01b491c>] (cpufreq_add_dev+0x0/0x398) from [<c018fd64>] (sysdev_driver_register+0xc0/0x130)
[<c018fca4>] (sysdev_driver_register+0x0/0x130) from [<c01b3574>] (cpufreq_register_driver+0xbc/0x174)
Signed-off-by: Lothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Change references from for_each_cpu_mask to for_each_cpu_mask_nr
where appropriate
Reviewed-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Change cpufreq_policy and cpufreq_governor pointer tables
from arrays to per_cpu variables in the cpufreq subsystem.
Also some minor complaints from checkpatch.pl fixed.
Based on:
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/x86/linux-2.6-x86.git
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Sometimes old_index != stat->last_index, see cpufreq_update_policy, bios can
change cpu setting in resume. In my test, after resume cpu is in lowest
speed, but the stat info shows cpu is in full speed. This patch makes the
stat info correct after a resume.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Allow use of the powersave cpufreq governor as the default one for EMBEDDED
configs.
Signed-off-by: Alessandro Guido <alessandro.guido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Currently, affected_cpus shows which CPUs need to have their frequency
coordinated in software. When hardware coordination is in use, the contents
of this file appear the same as when no coordination is required. This can
lead to some confusion among user-space programs, for example, that do not
know that extra coordination is required to force a CPU core to a particular
speed to control power consumption.
To fix this, create a "related_cpus" attribute that always displays the
coordination map regardless of whatever coordination strategy the cpufreq
driver uses (sw or hw). If the cpufreq driver does not provide a value, fall
back to policy->cpus.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Fix show_trans_table when it overflows PAGE_SIZE.
* Not all snprintf calls were protected against being passed a negative
length.
* When show_trans_table overflows, len might be > PAGE_SIZE. In that case,
returns PAGE_SIZE.
Signed-off-by: Cesar Eduardo Barros <cesarb@cesarb.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
If cpufreq_register_notifier is called before pure initcalls,
init_cpufreq_transition_notifier_list will overwrite whatever it did,
causing notifiers to be ignored.
Print some noise to the kernel log if that happens.
Signed-off-by: Cesar Eduardo Barros <cesarb@cesarb.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Fix the following warnings:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0xfe6711): Section mismatch in reference from the function cpufreq_unregister_driver() to the variable .cpuinit.data:cpufreq_cpu_notifier
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0xfe68af): Section mismatch in reference from the function cpufreq_register_driver() to the variable .cpuinit.data:cpufreq_cpu_notifier
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.exit.text+0xc4fa): Section mismatch in reference from the function cpufreq_stats_exit() to the variable .cpuinit.data:cpufreq_stat_cpu_notifier
The warnings were casued by references to unregister_hotcpu_notifier()
from normal functions or exit functions.
This is flagged by modpost as a potential error because
it does not know that for the non HOTPLUG_CPU
scenario the unregister_hotcpu_notifier() is a nop.
Silence the warning by replacing the __initdata
annotation with a __refdata annotation.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
The cpufreq core should not take an extra kobject reference count for no
reason, and then refuse to release it. This has been reported as
keeping machines from properly powering down all the way.
Signed-off-by: Balaji Rao <balajirrao@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Yi Yang <yi.y.yang@intel.com>
Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Frans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
cpufreq support can't be built as a module. Fix the related configuration
help message.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <stefano.brivio@polimi.it>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Eliminate cpufreq_userspace scaling_setspeed deadlock.
Luming Yu recently uncovered yet another cpufreq related deadlock.
One thread that continuously switches the governors and the other thread that
repeatedly cats the contents of cpufreq directory causes both these threads to
go into a deadlock.
Detailed examination of the deadlock showed the exact flow before the deadlock
as:
Thread 1 Thread 2
________ ________
cats files under /sys/devices/.../cpufreq/
Set governor to userspace
Adds a new sysfs entry for
scaling_setspeed
cats files under /sys/devices/.../cpufreq/
Set governor to performance
Holds cpufreq_rw_sem in write
mode
Sends a STOP notify to
userspace governor
cat /sys/devices/.../cpufreq/scaling_setspeed
Gets a handle on the above sysfs entry with
sysfs_get_active
Blocks while trying to get cpufreq_rw_sem
in read mode
Remove a sysfs entry for
scaling_setspeed
Blocks on sysfs_deactivate
while waiting for earlier
get_active (on other thread)
to drain
At this point both threads go into deadlock and any other thread that tries to
do anything with sysfs cpufreq will also block.
There seems to be no easy way to avoid this deadlock as long as
cpufreq_userspace adds/removes the sysfs entry under same kobject as cpufreq.
Below patch moves scaling_setspeed to cpufreq.c, keeping it always and calling
back the governor on read/write. This is the cleanest fix I could think of,
even though adding two callbacks in governor structure just for this seems
unnecessary.
Note that the change makes scaling_setspeed under /sys/.../cpufreq permanent
and returns <unsupported> when governor is not userspace.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
In freq_table.c, show_available_freqs()'s comment is oberviously wrong.
Change the comment to a new one to avoid confusion.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
There is no need for kobject_unregister() anymore, thanks to Kay's
kobject cleanup changes, so replace all instances of it with
kobject_put().
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Stop using kobject_register, as this way we can control the sending of
the uevent properly, after everything is properly initialized.
Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@brodo.de>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Cc: Jacob Shin <jacob.shin@amd.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
When the cpufreq driver starts up at boot time, it calls into the default
governor which might not be initialised yet. This hurts when the
governor's worker function relies on memory that is not yet set up by its
init function.
This migrates all governors from module_init() to fs_initcall() when being
the default, as was already done in cpufreq_performance when it was the
only possible choice. The performance governor is always initialized early
because it might be used as fallback even when not being the default.
Fixes at least one actual oops where ondemand is the default governor and
cpufreq_governor_dbs() uses the uninitialised kondemand_wq work-queue
during boot-time.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cpufreq_stats_free_table() mustn't be __cpuexit since it's called by the
__cpuinit cpufreq_stat_cpu_callback().
This patch fixes the following section mismatch reported by
Chris Clayton:
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.init.text+0x143dd): Section mismatch: reference to .exit.text:cpufreq_stats_free_table (between 'cpufreq_stat_cpu_callback' and 'cpufreq_stats_init')
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: Chris Clayton <chris2553@googlemail.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Ingo hit some BUG_ONs that were probably caused by these missing unlocks
causing an unbalance. He couldn't reproduce the bug reliably, so it's
unknown that it's definitly fixing the problem he hit, but it's a fairly
good chance, and this fixes an obvious bug.
[ Dave: "Ingo followed up that he hit some lockdep related output with
this applied, so it may not be right. I'll look at it after
xmas if no-one has it figured out before then."
Akpm: "It looks pretty correct to me though." ]
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make cpufreq_conservative handle out-of-sync events properly
Currently, the cpufreq_conservative governor doesn't get notified when the
actual frequency the cpu is running at differs from what cpufreq thought it
was. As a result the cpu may stay at the maximum frequency after a s2ram /
resume cycle even though the system is idle.
Signed-off-by: Elias Oltmanns <eo@nebensachen.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-2.6: (75 commits)
PM: merge device power-management source files
sysfs: add copyrights
kobject: update the copyrights
kset: add some kerneldoc to help describe what these strange things are
Driver core: rename ktype_edd and ktype_efivar
Driver core: rename ktype_driver
Driver core: rename ktype_device
Driver core: rename ktype_class
driver core: remove subsystem_init()
sysfs: move sysfs file poll implementation to sysfs_open_dirent
sysfs: implement sysfs_open_dirent
sysfs: move sysfs_dirent->s_children into sysfs_dirent->s_dir
sysfs: make sysfs_root a regular directory dirent
sysfs: open code sysfs_attach_dentry()
sysfs: make s_elem an anonymous union
sysfs: make bin attr open get active reference of parent too
sysfs: kill unnecessary NULL pointer check in sysfs_release()
sysfs: kill unnecessary sysfs_get() in open paths
sysfs: reposition sysfs_dirent->s_mode.
sysfs: kill sysfs_update_file()
...
A number of different drivers incorrect access the kobject name field
directly. This is not correct as the name might not be in the array.
Use the proper accessor function instead.
I don't see any reason to take an expensive lock in cpufreq_quick_get()
Reading policy->cur is a single atomic operation and after
the lock is dropped again the state could change any time anyways.
So don't take the lock in the first place.
This also makes this function interrupt safe which is useful
for some code of mine.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Pallipadi, Venkatesh" <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
* Stop referencing the callback directly from the __init and __exit
functions of this driver, and instead explicitly call
cpufreq_update_policy() et al. This enables the callback function
to be marked as __cpuinit (and the notifier_block __cpuinitdata),
thereby saving space when HOTPLUG_CPU=n. This also enables us to
use other tricks to replace __cpuinit{data} in future.
* cpufreq_stats_free_table() is only called from __cpuinit or __exit
marked functions, making it an ideal candidate for __cpuexit.
* Fix missing space in the module description
Signed-off-by: Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
The notifier_block is already __cpuinitdata, thereby allowing us to safely
mark the callback function as __cpuinit also, thereby saving space when
HOTPLUG_CPU=n.
Signed-off-by: Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Depending on the transition latency of the HW for cpufreq switches, the
ondemand or conservative governor cannot be used with certain cpufreq
drivers. Still the ondemand should be the default governor on a wide range
of systems. This patch allows this and lets the governor fallback to the
performance governor at cpufreq driver load time, if the driver does not
support fast enough frequency switching.
Main benefit is that on e.g. installation or other systems without
userspace support a working dynamic cpufreq support can be achieved on most
systems by simply loading the cpufreq driver. This is especially essential
for recent x86(_64) laptop hardware which may rely on working dynamic
cpufreq OS support.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Negative side effect: needs NR_CPUs pointer array of memory in
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU case.
Still needs userspace track keeping and rewriting of governors if governors
change while a CPU is not active (always the governor at CPU remove time is
restored).
Move of policy->user_policy.governor assignment is just a minor cleanup.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8671
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Mattia Dongili <malattia@linux.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
There is a frequency scaling issue that I encountered with the performance
governor in combination with CPU hotplug.
In cpufreq.c CPU frequency is reduced to its minimum before the CPU gets
unregistered and set offline. Does that have a particular reason?
Since the (k8-)governor does not monitor CPU frequency that setting also
applies then to the remaining CPU as well and lets the system run on the
lowest frequency although performance is chose as the policy.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oruba <peter.oruba@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davej/cpufreq:
[CPUFREQ] Fix sysfs_create_file return value handling
[CPUFREQ] ondemand: fix tickless accounting and software coordination bug
[CPUFREQ] ondemand: add a check to avoid negative load calculation
[CPUFREQ] Keep userspace governor quiet when it is not being used
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Proper register access
[CPUFREQ] Kconfig powernow-k8 driver should depend on ACPI P-States driver
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Replace ACPI functions with direct I/O
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Remove duplicate multipliers
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Embedded "conservative"
[CPUFREQ] acpi-cpufreq: Proper ReadModifyWrite of PERF_CTL MSR
[CPUFREQ] check return value of sysfs_create_file
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Check ACPI "BM DMA in progress" bit
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Move old_ratio to correct place
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - VT8237 support
[CPUFREQ] Longhaul - Use all kinds of support
[CPUFREQ] powernow-k8: clarify number of cores.
sysfs is now completely out of driver/module lifetime game. After
deletion, a sysfs node doesn't access anything outside sysfs proper,
so there's no reason to hold onto the attribute owners. Note that
often the wrong modules were accounted for as owners leading to
accessing removed modules.
This patch kills now unnecessary attribute->owner. Note that with
this change, userland holding a sysfs node does not prevent the
backing module from being unloaded.
For more info regarding lifetime rule cleanup, please read the
following message.
http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293
(tweaked by Greg to not delete the field just yet, to make it easier to
merge things properly.)
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Commit 0a4b2ccc55 in cpufreq.git
eliminates the build warnings but does not pass on the error code of
sysfs_create_file to the function calling cpufreq_add_dev. Instead some
previous value of ret would be returned.
Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
With tickless kernel and software coordination os P-states, ondemand
can look at wrong idle statistics. This can happen when ondemand sampling
is happening on CPU 0 and due to software coordination sampling also looks at
utilization of CPU 1. If CPU 1 is in tickless state at that moment, its idle
statistics will not be uptodate and CPU 0 thinks CPU 1 is idle for less
amount of time than it actually is.
This can be resolved by looking at all the busy times of CPUs, which is
accurate, even with tickless, and use that to determine idle time in a
round about way (total time - busy time).
Thanks to Arjan for originally reporting the ondemand bug on
Lenovo T61.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Due to rounding and inexact jiffy accounting, idle_ticks can sometimes
be higher than total_ticks. Make sure those cases are handled as
zero load case.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Userspace governor registers a frequency change notifier at init time, even
when no CPU is set to userspace governor. Make it register only when
atleast one CPU is using userspace.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Eliminate build warning (sysfs_create_file return value must be checked)
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Since nonboot CPUs are now disabled after tasks and devices have been
frozen and the CPU hotplug infrastructure is used for this purpose, we need
special CPU hotplug notifications that will help the CPU-hotplug-aware
subsystems distinguish normal CPU hotplug events from CPU hotplug events
related to a system-wide suspend or resume operation in progress. This
patch introduces such notifications and causes them to be used during
suspend and resume transitions. It also changes all of the
CPU-hotplug-aware subsystems to take these notifications into consideration
(for now they are handled in the same way as the corresponding "normal"
ones).
[oleg@tv-sign.ru: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a new deferrable delayed work init. This can be used to schedule work
that are 'unimportant' when CPU is idle and can be called later, when CPU
eventually comes out of idle.
Use this init in cpufreq ondemand governor.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Adds proper lines to help output of kconfig so people can find the module names.
Also fixed some broken leading spaces versus tabs.
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Remove deprecated /proc/acpi/processor/performance write support
Writing to /proc/acpi/processor/xy/performance interferes with sysfs
cpufreq interface. Also removes buggy cpufreq_set_policy exported symbol.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
References:
https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=231107https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=264077
Fix limited cpufreq when booted on battery
If booted on battery:
cpufreq_set_policy (evil) is invoked which calls verify_within_limits.
max_freq gets lowered and therefore users_policy.max, which
is used to restore higher freqs via update_policy later is set to the
already limited frequency -> you can never go up again, even BIOS
allows higher freqs later.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Ingo reported it on lkml in the thread
"2.6.21-rc5: maxcpus=1 crash in cpufreq: kernel BUG at drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c:82!"
This check added to remove_dev is symmetric to one in add_dev and handles
callbacks for offline cpus cleanly.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit aeeddc1435, which was
half-baked and broken. It just resulted in compile errors, since
cpufreq_register_driver() still changes the 'driver_data' by setting
bits in the flags field. So claiming it is 'const' _really_ doesn't
work.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Looks like dbs_timer() is very careful wrt per_cpu(cpu_dbs_info),
and it doesn't need the help of WORK_STRUCT_NOAUTOREL.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Acked-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
After Al Viro (finally) succeeded in removing the sched.h #include in module.h
recently, it makes sense again to remove other superfluous sched.h includes.
There are quite a lot of files which include it but don't actually need
anything defined in there. Presumably these includes were once needed for
macros that used to live in sched.h, but moved to other header files in the
course of cleaning it up.
To ease the pain, this time I did not fiddle with any header files and only
removed #includes from .c-files, which tend to cause less trouble.
Compile tested against 2.6.20-rc2 and 2.6.20-rc2-mm2 (with offsets) on alpha,
arm, i386, ia64, mips, powerpc, and x86_64 with allnoconfig, defconfig,
allmodconfig, and allyesconfig as well as a few randconfigs on x86_64 and all
configs in arch/arm/configs on arm. I also checked that no new warnings were
introduced by the patch (actually, some warnings are removed that were emitted
by unnecessarily included header files).
Signed-off-by: Tim Schmielau <tim@physik3.uni-rostock.de>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CPU_FREQ_TABLE enables helper code and gets select'ed when it's required.
Building it as a module when it's not required doesn't seem to make much sense.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Eliminate flush_workqueue in cpufreq_governor(STOP) callpath. Using flush
there has a deadlock potential as in
http://uwsg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0611.3/1223.html
Also, cleanup the locking issues with do_dbs_timer delayed_work callback. As
it changes the CPU frequency using __cpufreq_target, it needs to have
policy_rwsem in write mode, which also protects it from hot plug.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Restructure the delayed_work callback in ondemand.
This eliminates the need for smp_processor_id in the callback function and
also helps in proper locking and avoiding flush_workqueue when stopping the
governor (done in subsequent patch).
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Yet another attempt to resolve cpufreq and hotplug locking issues.
Patchset has 3 patches:
* Rewrite the lock infrastructure of cpufreq using a per cpu rwsem.
* Minor restructuring of work callback in ondemand driver.
* Use the new cpufreq rwsem infrastructure in ondemand work.
This patch:
Convert policy->lock to rwsem and move it to per_cpu area.
This rwsem will protect against both changing/accessing policy
related parameters and CPU hot plug/unplug.
[malattia@linux.it: fix oops in kref_put()]
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mattia Dongili <malattia@linux.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
The hotplug CPU locking in cpufreq is horrendous. No-one seems to care
enough to fix it, so just remove it so that the 99.9% of the real world
users of this code can use cpufreq without being bothered by warnings.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Trivial patch to check sysfs_create_link return values.
Fail gracefully if needed.
Signed-off-by: Ahmed Darwish <darwish.07@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Fixes the oops in cpufreq_stats with acpi_cpufreq driver. The issue was
that the frequency was reported as 0 in acpi-cpufreq.c. The bug is due to
different indicies for freq_table and ACPI perf table.
Also adds a check in cpufreq_stats to check for error return from
freq_table_get_index() and avoid using the error return value.
Patch fixes the issue reported at
http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0611.2/0629.html
and also other similar issue here
http://bugme.osdl.org/show_bug.cgi?id=7383 comment 53
Signed-off-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval.giani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
There was lots of #ifdef noise in the kernel due to hotcpu_notifier(fn,
prio) not correctly marking 'fn' as used in the !HOTPLUG_CPU case, and thus
generating compiler warnings of unused symbols, hence forcing people to add
#ifdefs.
the compiler can skip truly unused functions just fine:
text data bss dec hex filename
1624412 728710 3674856 6027978 5bfaca vmlinux.before
1624412 728710 3674856 6027978 5bfaca vmlinux.after
[akpm@osdl.org: topology.c fix]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Pass the work_struct pointer to the work function rather than context data.
The work function can use container_of() to work out the data.
For the cases where the container of the work_struct may go away the moment the
pending bit is cleared, it is made possible to defer the release of the
structure by deferring the clearing of the pending bit.
To make this work, an extra flag is introduced into the management side of the
work_struct. This governs auto-release of the structure upon execution.
Ordinarily, the work queue executor would release the work_struct for further
scheduling or deallocation by clearing the pending bit prior to jumping to the
work function. This means that, unless the driver makes some guarantee itself
that the work_struct won't go away, the work function may not access anything
else in the work_struct or its container lest they be deallocated.. This is a
problem if the auxiliary data is taken away (as done by the last patch).
However, if the pending bit is *not* cleared before jumping to the work
function, then the work function *may* access the work_struct and its container
with no problems. But then the work function must itself release the
work_struct by calling work_release().
In most cases, automatic release is fine, so this is the default. Special
initiators exist for the non-auto-release case (ending in _NAR).
Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
This is a quick hack to overcome the fact that SRCU currently does not
allow static initializers, and we need to sometimes initialize those
things before any other initializers (even "core" ones) can do so.
Currently we don't allow this at all for modules, and the only user that
needs is right now is cpufreq. As reported by Thomas Gleixner:
"Commit b4dfdbb3c7 ("[PATCH] cpufreq:
make the transition_notifier chain use SRCU breaks cpu frequency
notification users, which register the callback > on core_init
level."
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@timesys.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>,
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Clean up cpufreq subsystem to fix coding style issues and to improve
the readability.
Signed-off-by: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Enable ondemand governor and acpi-cpufreq to use IA32_APERF and IA32_MPERF MSR
to get active frequency feedback for the last sampling interval. This will
make ondemand take right frequency decisions when hardware coordination of
frequency is going on.
Without APERF/MPERF, ondemand can take wrong decision at times due
to underlying hardware coordination or TM2.
Example:
* CPU 0 and CPU 1 are hardware cooridnated.
* CPU 1 running at highest frequency.
* CPU 0 was running at highest freq. Now ondemand reduces it to
some intermediate frequency based on utilization.
* Due to underlying hardware coordination with other CPU 1, CPU 0 continues to
run at highest frequency (as long as other CPU is at highest).
* When ondemand samples CPU 0 again next time, without actual frequency
feedback from APERF/MPERF, it will think that previous frequency change
was successful and can go to wrong target frequency. This is because it
thinks that utilization it has got this sampling interval is when running at
intermediate frequency, rather than actual highest frequency.
More information about IA32_APERF IA32_MPERF MSR:
Refer to IA-32 Intel® Architecture Software Developer's Manual at
http://developer.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
This patch (as762) changes the cpufreq_transition_notifier_list from a
blocking_notifier_head to an srcu_notifier_head. This will prevent errors
caused attempting to call down_read() to access the notifier chain at a
time when interrupts must remain disabled, during system suspend.
It's not clear to me whether this is really necessary; perhaps the chain
could be made into an atomic_notifier. However a couple of the callout
routines do use blocking operations, so this approach seems safer.
The head of the notifier chain needs to be initialized before use; this is
done by an __init routine at core_initcall time. If this turns out not to
be a good choice, it can easily be changed.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jesse Brandeburg <jesse.brandeburg@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Lukewarm IQ detected in hotplug locking
BUG: warning at kernel/cpu.c:38/lock_cpu_hotplug()
[<b0134a42>] lock_cpu_hotplug+0x42/0x65
[<b02f8af1>] cpufreq_update_policy+0x25/0xad
[<b0358756>] kprobe_flush_task+0x18/0x40
[<b0355aab>] schedule+0x63f/0x68b
[<b01377c2>] __link_module+0x0/0x1f
[<b0119e7d>] __cond_resched+0x16/0x34
[<b03560bf>] cond_resched+0x26/0x31
[<b0355b0e>] wait_for_completion+0x17/0xb1
[<f965c547>] cpufreq_stat_cpu_callback+0x13/0x20 [cpufreq_stats]
[<f9670074>] cpufreq_stats_init+0x74/0x8b [cpufreq_stats]
[<b0137872>] sys_init_module+0x91/0x174
[<b0102c81>] sysenter_past_esp+0x56/0x79
As there are other places that call cpufreq_update_policy without
the hotplug lock, it seems better to keep the hotplug locking
at the lower level for the time being until this is revamped.
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
This patch makes the needlessly global powersave_bias_target() static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
ondemand selects the minimum frequency that can retire
a workload with negligible idle time -- ideally resulting in the highest
performance/power efficiency with negligible performance impact.
But on some systems and some workloads, this algorithm
is more performance biased than necessary, and
de-tuning it a bit to allow some performance impact
can save measurable power.
This patch adds a "powersave_bias" tunable to ondemand
to allow it to reduce its target frequency by a specified percent.
By default, the powersave_bias is 0 and has no effect.
powersave_bias is in units of 0.1%, so it has an effective range
of 1 through 1000, resulting in 0.1% to 100% impact.
In practice, users will not be able to detect a difference between
0.1% increments, but 1.0% increments turned out to be too large.
Also, the max value of 1000 (100%) would simply peg the system
in its deepest power saving P-state, unless the processor really has
a hardware P-state at 0Hz:-)
For example, If ondemand requests 2.0GHz based on utilization,
and powersave_bias=100, this code will knock 10% off the target
and seek a target of 1.8GHz instead of 2.0GHz until the
next sampling. If 1.8 is an exact match with an hardware frequency
we use it, otherwise we average our time between the frequency
next higher than 1.8 and next lower than 1.8.
Note that a user or administrative program can change powersave_bias
at run-time depending on how they expect the system to be used.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi at intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Starikovskiy <alexey.y.starikovskiy at intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Try to make dbs_check_cpu() call on all CPUs at the same jiffy.
This will help when multiple cores share P-states via Hardware Coordination.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi at intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Starikovskiy <alexey.y.starikovskiy at intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Adds a __find_governor() helper function to look up a governor by
name. Also restructures some error handling to conform to the
"single-exit" model which is generally preferred for kernel code.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
I just stumbled on this bug/feature, this is how to reproduce it:
# echo 450000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq
# echo 450000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
# echo powersave > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
# cpufreq-info -p
450000 450000 powersave
# echo 1800000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq ; echo $?
0
# cpufreq-info -p
450000 450000 powersave
Here it is. The kernel refuses to set a min_freq higher than the
max_freq but it allows a max_freq lower than min_freq (lowering min_freq
also).
This behaviour is pretty straightforward (but undocumented) and it
doesn't return an error altough failing to accomplish the requested
action (set min_freq).
The problem (IMO) is basically that userspace is not allowed to set a
full policy atomically while the kernel always does that thus it must
enforce an ordering on operations.
The attached patch returns -EINVAL if trying to increase frequencies
starting from scaling_min_freq and documents the correct ordering of writes.
Signed-off-by: Mattia Dongili <malattia@linux.it>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux at dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
--
The patch below moves the cpu hotplugging higher up in the cpufreq
layering; this is needed to avoid recursive taking of the cpu hotplug
lock and to otherwise detangle the mess.
The new rules are:
1. you must do lock_cpu_hotplug() around the following functions:
__cpufreq_driver_target
__cpufreq_governor (for CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS operation only)
__cpufreq_set_policy
2. governer methods (.governer) must NOT take the lock_cpu_hotplug()
lock in any way; they are called with the lock taken already
3. if your governer spawns a thread that does things, like calling
__cpufreq_driver_target, your thread must honor rule #1.
4. the policy lock and other cpufreq internal locks nest within
the lock_cpu_hotplug() lock.
I'm not entirely happy about how the __cpufreq_governor rule ended up
(conditional locking rule depending on the argument) but basically all
callers pass this as a constant so it's not too horrible.
The patch also removes the cpufreq_governor() function since during the
locking audit it turned out to be entirely unused (so no need to fix it)
The patch works on my testbox, but it could use more testing
(otoh... it can't be much worse than the current code)
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Shutting down the ondemand policy was fraught with potential
problems, causing issues for SMP suspend (which wants to hot-
unplug) all but the last CPU.
This should fix at least the worst problems (divide-by-zero
and infinite wait for the workqueue to shut down).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[ There's some not quite baked bits in cpufreq-git right now
so sending this on as a patch instead ]
On Thu, 2006-07-06 at 07:58 -0700, Tom London wrote:
> After installing .2356 I get this each time I boot:
> =======================================================
> [ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
> -------------------------------------------------------
> S06cpuspeed/1620 is trying to acquire lock:
> (dbs_mutex){--..}, at: [<c060d6bb>] mutex_lock+0x21/0x24
>
> but task is already holding lock:
> (cpucontrol){--..}, at: [<c060d6bb>] mutex_lock+0x21/0x24
>
> which lock already depends on the new lock.
>
make sure the cpu hotplug recursive mutex (yuck) is taken early in the
cpufreq codepaths to avoid a AB-BA deadlock.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davej/cpufreq:
Move workqueue exports to where the functions are defined.
[CPUFREQ] Misc cleanups in ondemand.
[CPUFREQ] Make ondemand sampling per CPU and remove the mutex usage in sampling path.
[CPUFREQ] Add queue_delayed_work_on() interface for workqueues.
[CPUFREQ] Remove slowdown from ondemand sampling path.
Misc cleanups in ondemand. Should have zero functional impact.
Also adding Alexey as author.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Starikovskiy <alexey.y.starikovskiy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Make ondemand sampling per CPU and remove the mutex usage in sampling path.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Starikovskiy <alexey.y.starikovskiy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Remove slowdown from ondemand sampling path. This reduces the code path length
in dbs_check_cpu() by half. slowdown was not used by ondemand by default.
If there are any user level tools that were using this tunable, they
may report error now.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Starikovskiy <alexey.y.starikovskiy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Make notifier_blocks associated with cpu_notifier as __cpuinitdata.
__cpuinitdata makes sure that the data is init time only unless
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined.
Signed-off-by: Chandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
CPUs come online only at init time (unless CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined).
So, cpu_notifier functionality need to be available only at init time.
This patch makes register_cpu_notifier() available only at init time, unless
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined.
This patch exports register_cpu_notifier() and unregister_cpu_notifier() only
if CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined.
Signed-off-by: Chandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In 2.6.17, there was a problem with cpu_notifiers and XFS. I provided a
band-aid solution to solve that problem. In the process, i undid all the
changes you both were making to ensure that these notifiers were available
only at init time (unless CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined).
We deferred the real fix to 2.6.18. Here is a set of patches that fixes the
XFS problem cleanly and makes the cpu notifiers available only at init time
(unless CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined).
If CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined then cpu notifiers are available at run
time.
This patch reverts the notifier_call changes made in 2.6.17
Signed-off-by: Chandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c: In function 'do_dbs_timer':
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c:374: warning: implicit declaration of function 'lock_cpu_hotplug'
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c:381: warning: implicit declaration of function 'unlock_cpu_hotplug'
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.c: In function 'do_dbs_timer':
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.c:425: warning: implicit declaration of function 'lock_cpu_hotplug'
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.c:432: warning: implicit declaration of function 'unlock_cpu_hotplug'
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
CHIKAMA masaki
Lothar Waßmann
Mike Travis
Dominik Brodowski
Shaohua Li
Alessandro Guido
Darrick J. Wong
Cesar Eduardo Barros
Dave Jones
Sam Ravnborg
Balaji Rao
Stefano Brivio
Venki Pallipadi
Fenghua Yu
Joe Perches
Yi Yang
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Johannes Weiner
Adrian Bunk
Elias Oltmanns
Linus Torvalds
Andi Kleen
Satyam Sharma
Thomas Renninger
Peter Oruba
Tejun Heo
Tobias Klauser
Rafael J. Wysocki
Mike Frysinger
Oleg Nesterov
Tim Schmielau
Adrian Bunk
Ahmed S. Darwish
Dhaval Giani
Ingo Molnar
David Howells
Linus Torvalds
Gautham R Shenoy
Jeff Garzik
Alan Stern
Alexey Starikovskiy
Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Mattia Dongili
Arjan van de Ven
Linus Torvalds
Linus Torvalds
Jörn Engel
Chandra Seetharaman
Andrew Morton