When directory iterate and lookup is called, there's a buggy rewinding
of start point for traversing cluster chain to the parent directory
entry's first cluster. This caused repeated cluster chain traversing
from the first entry of the parent directory that would show worse
performance if huge amounts of files exist under the parent directory.
Fix not to rewind, make continue from currently referenced cluster and
dir entry.
Tested with 50,000 files under single directory / 256GB sdcard,
with command "time ls -l > /dev/null",
Before : 0m08.69s real 0m00.27s user 0m05.91s system
After : 0m07.01s real 0m00.25s user 0m04.34s system
Signed-off-by: Hyeongseok Kim <hyeongseok@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Degradation of write speed caused by frequent disk access for cluster
bitmap update on every cluster allocation could be improved by
selective syncing bitmap buffer. Change to flush bitmap buffer only
for the directory related operations.
Signed-off-by: Hyeongseok Kim <hyeongseok@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Add FITRIM ioctl to enable discarding unused blocks while mounted.
As current exFAT doesn't have generic ioctl handler, add empty ioctl
function first, and add FITRIM handler.
Signed-off-by: Hyeongseok Kim <hyeongseok@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <chaitanya.kulkarni@wdc.com>
Acked-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
s_lock which is for protecting concurrent access of file operations is
too huge for cluster bitmap protection, so introduce a new bitmap_lock
to narrow the lock range if only need to access cluster bitmap.
Signed-off-by: Hyeongseok Kim <hyeongseok@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
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Merge tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux
Pull idmapped mounts from Christian Brauner:
"This introduces idmapped mounts which has been in the making for some
time. Simply put, different mounts can expose the same file or
directory with different ownership. This initial implementation comes
with ports for fat, ext4 and with Christoph's port for xfs with more
filesystems being actively worked on by independent people and
maintainers.
Idmapping mounts handle a wide range of long standing use-cases. Here
are just a few:
- Idmapped mounts make it possible to easily share files between
multiple users or multiple machines especially in complex
scenarios. For example, idmapped mounts will be used in the
implementation of portable home directories in
systemd-homed.service(8) where they allow users to move their home
directory to an external storage device and use it on multiple
computers where they are assigned different uids and gids. This
effectively makes it possible to assign random uids and gids at
login time.
- It is possible to share files from the host with unprivileged
containers without having to change ownership permanently through
chown(2).
- It is possible to idmap a container's rootfs and without having to
mangle every file. For example, Chromebooks use it to share the
user's Download folder with their unprivileged containers in their
Linux subsystem.
- It is possible to share files between containers with
non-overlapping idmappings.
- Filesystem that lack a proper concept of ownership such as fat can
use idmapped mounts to implement discretionary access (DAC)
permission checking.
- They allow users to efficiently changing ownership on a per-mount
basis without having to (recursively) chown(2) all files. In
contrast to chown (2) changing ownership of large sets of files is
instantenous with idmapped mounts. This is especially useful when
ownership of a whole root filesystem of a virtual machine or
container is changed. With idmapped mounts a single syscall
mount_setattr syscall will be sufficient to change the ownership of
all files.
- Idmapped mounts always take the current ownership into account as
idmappings specify what a given uid or gid is supposed to be mapped
to. This contrasts with the chown(2) syscall which cannot by itself
take the current ownership of the files it changes into account. It
simply changes the ownership to the specified uid and gid. This is
especially problematic when recursively chown(2)ing a large set of
files which is commong with the aforementioned portable home
directory and container and vm scenario.
- Idmapped mounts allow to change ownership locally, restricting it
to specific mounts, and temporarily as the ownership changes only
apply as long as the mount exists.
Several userspace projects have either already put up patches and
pull-requests for this feature or will do so should you decide to pull
this:
- systemd: In a wide variety of scenarios but especially right away
in their implementation of portable home directories.
https://systemd.io/HOME_DIRECTORY/
- container runtimes: containerd, runC, LXD:To share data between
host and unprivileged containers, unprivileged and privileged
containers, etc. The pull request for idmapped mounts support in
containerd, the default Kubernetes runtime is already up for quite
a while now: https://github.com/containerd/containerd/pull/4734
- The virtio-fs developers and several users have expressed interest
in using this feature with virtual machines once virtio-fs is
ported.
- ChromeOS: Sharing host-directories with unprivileged containers.
I've tightly synced with all those projects and all of those listed
here have also expressed their need/desire for this feature on the
mailing list. For more info on how people use this there's a bunch of
talks about this too. Here's just two recent ones:
https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Rootless-Containers-in-Gitpod.pdfhttps://fosdem.org/2021/schedule/event/containers_idmap/
This comes with an extensive xfstests suite covering both ext4 and
xfs:
https://git.kernel.org/brauner/xfstests-dev/h/idmapped_mounts
It covers truncation, creation, opening, xattrs, vfscaps, setid
execution, setgid inheritance and more both with idmapped and
non-idmapped mounts. It already helped to discover an unrelated xfs
setgid inheritance bug which has since been fixed in mainline. It will
be sent for inclusion with the xfstests project should you decide to
merge this.
In order to support per-mount idmappings vfsmounts are marked with
user namespaces. The idmapping of the user namespace will be used to
map the ids of vfs objects when they are accessed through that mount.
By default all vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace.
The initial user namespace is used to indicate that a mount is not
idmapped. All operations behave as before and this is verified in the
testsuite.
Based on prior discussions we want to attach the whole user namespace
and not just a dedicated idmapping struct. This allows us to reuse all
the helpers that already exist for dealing with idmappings instead of
introducing a whole new range of helpers. In addition, if we decide in
the future that we are confident enough to enable unprivileged users
to setup idmapped mounts the permission checking can take into account
whether the caller is privileged in the user namespace the mount is
currently marked with.
The user namespace the mount will be marked with can be specified by
passing a file descriptor refering to the user namespace as an
argument to the new mount_setattr() syscall together with the new
MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP flag. The system call follows the openat2() pattern
of extensibility.
The following conditions must be met in order to create an idmapped
mount:
- The caller must currently have the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability in the
user namespace the underlying filesystem has been mounted in.
- The underlying filesystem must support idmapped mounts.
- The mount must not already be idmapped. This also implies that the
idmapping of a mount cannot be altered once it has been idmapped.
- The mount must be a detached/anonymous mount, i.e. it must have
been created by calling open_tree() with the OPEN_TREE_CLONE flag
and it must not already have been visible in the filesystem.
The last two points guarantee easier semantics for userspace and the
kernel and make the implementation significantly simpler.
By default vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace and no
behavioral or performance changes are observed.
The manpage with a detailed description can be found here:
1d7b902e28
In order to support idmapped mounts, filesystems need to be changed
and mark themselves with the FS_ALLOW_IDMAP flag in fs_flags. The
patches to convert individual filesystem are not very large or
complicated overall as can be seen from the included fat, ext4, and
xfs ports. Patches for other filesystems are actively worked on and
will be sent out separately. The xfstestsuite can be used to verify
that port has been done correctly.
The mount_setattr() syscall is motivated independent of the idmapped
mounts patches and it's been around since July 2019. One of the most
valuable features of the new mount api is the ability to perform
mounts based on file descriptors only.
Together with the lookup restrictions available in the openat2()
RESOLVE_* flag namespace which we added in v5.6 this is the first time
we are close to hardened and race-free (e.g. symlinks) mounting and
path resolution.
While userspace has started porting to the new mount api to mount
proper filesystems and create new bind-mounts it is currently not
possible to change mount options of an already existing bind mount in
the new mount api since the mount_setattr() syscall is missing.
With the addition of the mount_setattr() syscall we remove this last
restriction and userspace can now fully port to the new mount api,
covering every use-case the old mount api could. We also add the
crucial ability to recursively change mount options for a whole mount
tree, both removing and adding mount options at the same time. This
syscall has been requested multiple times by various people and
projects.
There is a simple tool available at
https://github.com/brauner/mount-idmapped
that allows to create idmapped mounts so people can play with this
patch series. I'll add support for the regular mount binary should you
decide to pull this in the following weeks:
Here's an example to a simple idmapped mount of another user's home
directory:
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo ./mount --idmap both:1000:1001:1 /home/ubuntu/ /mnt
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 28 04:00 ..
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 u1001 u1001 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 4096 Oct 28 22:01 ..
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ touch /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ setfacl -m u:1001:rwx /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo setcap -n 1001 cap_net_raw+ep /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 28 22:14 /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 28 22:14 /home/ubuntu/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /mnt/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: mnt/my-file
# owner: u1001
# group: u1001
user::rw-
user:u1001:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /home/ubuntu/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: home/ubuntu/my-file
# owner: ubuntu
# group: ubuntu
user::rw-
user:ubuntu:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--"
* tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux: (41 commits)
xfs: remove the possibly unused mp variable in xfs_file_compat_ioctl
xfs: support idmapped mounts
ext4: support idmapped mounts
fat: handle idmapped mounts
tests: add mount_setattr() selftests
fs: introduce MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP
fs: add mount_setattr()
fs: add attr_flags_to_mnt_flags helper
fs: split out functions to hold writers
namespace: only take read lock in do_reconfigure_mnt()
mount: make {lock,unlock}_mount_hash() static
namespace: take lock_mount_hash() directly when changing flags
nfs: do not export idmapped mounts
overlayfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ecryptfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ima: handle idmapped mounts
apparmor: handle idmapped mounts
fs: make helpers idmap mount aware
exec: handle idmapped mounts
would_dump: handle idmapped mounts
...
Extend some inode methods with an additional user namespace argument. A
filesystem that is aware of idmapped mounts will receive the user
namespace the mount has been marked with. This can be used for
additional permission checking and also to enable filesystems to
translate between uids and gids if they need to. We have implemented all
relevant helpers in earlier patches.
As requested we simply extend the exisiting inode method instead of
introducing new ones. This is a little more code churn but it's mostly
mechanical and doesnt't leave us with additional inode methods.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210121131959.646623-25-christian.brauner@ubuntu.com
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Remove 'rwoffset' in exfat_inode_info and replace it with the parameter of
exfat_readdir().
Since rwoffset is referenced only by exfat_readdir(), it is not necessary
a exfat_inode_info's member.
Also, change cpos to point to the next of entry-set, and return the index
of dir-entry via dir_entry->entry.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
MediaFailure and VolumeDirty should be retained if these are set before
mounting.
In '3.1.13.3 Media Failure Field' of exfat specification describe:
If, upon mounting a volume, the value of this field is 1,
implementations which scan the entire volume for media failures and
record all failures as "bad" clusters in the FAT (or otherwise resolve
media failures) may clear the value of this field to 0.
Therefore, We should not clear MediaFailure without scanning volume.
In '8.1 Recommended Write Ordering' of exfat specification describe:
Clear the value of the VolumeDirty field to 0, if its value prior to
the first step was 0.
Therefore, We should not clear VolumeDirty after mounting.
Also rename ERR_MEDIUM to MEDIA_FAILURE.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Write multiple sectors at once when updating dir-entries.
Add exfat_update_bhs() for that. It wait for write completion once
instead of sector by sector.
It's only effective if sync enabled.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
This flag is set/reset in exfat_put_super()/exfat_sync_fs()
to avoid sync_blockdev().
- exfat_put_super():
Before calling this, the VFS has already called sync_filesystem(),
so sync is never performed here.
- exfat_sync_fs():
After calling this, the VFS calls sync_blockdev(), so, it is meaningless
to check EXFAT_SB_DIRTY or to bypass sync_blockdev() here.
Remove the EXFAT_SB_DIRTY check to ensure synchronization.
And remove the code related to the flag.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
An overflow issue can occur while calculating sector in
exfat_cluster_to_sector(). It needs to cast clus's type to sector_t
before left shifting.
Fixes: 1acf1a564b ("exfat: add in-memory and on-disk structures and headers")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.7
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
generic_file_fsync() exfat used could not guarantee the consistency of
a file because it has flushed not dirty metadata but only dirty data pages
for a file.
Instead of that, use exfat_file_fsync() for files and directories so that
it guarantees to commit both the metadata and data pages for a file.
Signed-off-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
To clarify that it is a 16-bit checksum, the parts related to the 16-bit
checksum are renamed and change type to u16.
Furthermore, replace checksum calculation in exfat_load_upcase_table()
with exfat_calc_checksum32().
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Add Boot-Regions verification specified in exFAT specification.
Note that the checksum type is strongly related to the raw structure,
so the'u32 'type is used to clarify the number of bits.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Aggregate PBR related definitions and redefine as "boot_sector" to comply
with the exFAT specification.
And, rename variable names including 'pbr'.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Optimize directory access based on exfat_entry_set_cache.
- Hold bh instead of copied d-entry.
- Modify bh->data directly instead of the copied d-entry.
- Write back the retained bh instead of rescanning the d-entry-set.
And
- Remove unused cache related definitions.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.tetsuhiro@dc.mitsubishielectric.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Replace time_ms with time_cs in the file directory entry structure
and related functions.
The unit of create_time_ms/modify_time_ms in File Directory Entry are not
'milli-second', but 'centi-second'.
The exfat specification uses the term '10ms', but instead use 'cs' as in
msdos_fs.h.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuhiro Kohada <kohada.t2@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
After applying previous two patches, these functions are not used anymore.
Signed-off-by: Pali Rohár <pali@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Remove the direct use of KERN_<LEVEL> in functions by creating
separate exfat_<level> macros.
Miscellanea:
o Remove several unnecessary terminating newlines in formats
o Realign arguments and fit to 80 columns where appropriate
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
The timestamp for access_time has double seconds granularity(There is no
10msIncrement field for access_time unlike create/modify_time).
exfat's atimes are restricted to only 2s granularity so after
we set an atime, round it down to the nearest 2s and set the
sub-second component of the timestamp to 0.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
This adds in-memory and on-disk structures and headers.
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Pali Rohár <pali.rohar@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Hyeongseok Kim
Linus Torvalds
Christian Brauner
Tetsuhiro Kohada
Namjae Jeon
Sungjong Seo
Tetsuhiro Kohada
Pali Rohár
Joe Perches
Eric Sandeen