The i915 memory arbiter has a register full of configuration
bits which are currently not defined in the driver header file.
Signed-off-by: Keith Packard <keithp@keithp.com>
cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
copy_to_user() returns the number of bytes remaining to be copied, but
we want to return a negative error code. This gets copied to user
space.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
If the kzalloc() fails we should return NULL. All the places that call
alloc_apertures() check for this already.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Acked-by: James Simmons <jsimmons@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Make inclusion of <asm/agp.h> conditional on TTM_HAS_AGP. The use
of the functions declared in it is already conditional.
Reported-by: Geert Stappers <stappers@stappers.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Tested-by: Geert Stappers <stappers@stappers.nl>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
The name of platfrom device was changed and we need to make driver's
name match in order for it to bind to the device.
Signed-off-by: Wan ZongShun <mcuos.com@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
Gigabyte "Spring Peak" notebook indicates wrong chassis-type, tripping up
i8042 and breaking the touchpad. Add this model to i8042_dmi_noloop_table[]
to resolve.
BugLink: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/580664
Signed-off-by: Kamal Mostafa <kamal@canonical.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
* 'shrinker' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/xfsdev:
xfs: track AGs with reclaimable inodes in per-ag radix tree
xfs: convert inode shrinker to per-filesystem contexts
mm: add context argument to shrinker callback
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=16348
When the filesystem grows to a large number of allocation groups,
the summing of recalimable inodes gets expensive. In many cases,
most AGs won't have any reclaimable inodes and so we are wasting CPU
time aggregating over these AGs. This is particularly important for
the inode shrinker that gets called frequently under memory
pressure.
To avoid the overhead, track AGs with reclaimable inodes in the
per-ag radix tree so that we can find all the AGs with reclaimable
inodes via a simple gang tag lookup. This involves setting the tag
when the first reclaimable inode is tracked in the AG, and removing
the tag when the last reclaimable inode is removed from the tree.
Then the summation process becomes a loop walking the radix tree
summing AGs with the reclaim tag set.
This significantly reduces the overhead of scanning - a 6400 AG
filesystea now only uses about 25% of a cpu in kswapd while slab
reclaim progresses instead of being permanently stuck at 100% CPU
and making little progress. Clean filesystems filesystems will see
no overhead and the overhead only increases linearly with the number
of dirty AGs.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Now the shrinker passes us a context, wire up a shrinker context per
filesystem. This allows us to remove the global mount list and the
locking problems that introduced. It also means that a shrinker call
does not need to traverse clean filesystems before finding a
filesystem with reclaimable inodes. This significantly reduces
scanning overhead when lots of filesystems are present.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
1. The BTRFS_IOC_CLONE and BTRFS_IOC_CLONE_RANGE ioctls should check
whether the donor file is append-only before writing to it.
2. The BTRFS_IOC_CLONE_RANGE ioctl appears to have an integer
overflow that allows a user to specify an out-of-bounds range to copy
from the source file (if off + len wraps around). I haven't been able
to successfully exploit this, but I'd imagine that a clever attacker
could use this to read things he shouldn't. Even if it's not
exploitable, it couldn't hurt to be safe.
Signed-off-by: Dan Rosenberg <dan.j.rosenberg@gmail.com>
cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86, pci, mrst: Add extra sanity check in walking the PCI extended cap chain
x86: Fix x2apic preenabled system with kexec
x86: Force HPET readback_cmp for all ATI chipsets
* 'kmemleak' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux-2.6-cm:
kmemleak: Add support for NO_BOOTMEM configurations
kmemleak: Annotate false positive in init_section_page_cgroup()
- fix reversing of command/sub arguments
- fix a crash if the i2c interface is called before the device is found
Signed-off-by: Sreedhara DS <sreedhara.ds@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The CLONE and CLONE_RANGE ioctls round up the range of extents being
cloned to the block size when the range to clone extends to the end of file
(this is always the case with CLONE). It was then using that offset when
extending the destination file's i_size. Fix this by not setting i_size
beyond the originally requested ending offset.
This bug was introduced by a22285a6 (2.6.35-rc1).
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
split_leaf was not properly balancing leaves when it was forced to
split a leaf twice. This commit adds an extra push left and right
before forcing the double split in hopes of getting the slot where
we want to insert at either the start or end of the leaf.
If the extra pushes do work, then we are able to avoid splitting twice
and we keep the tree properly balanced.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
It can happen that there are no packets in queue while calling
tcp_xmit_retransmit_queue(). tcp_write_queue_head() then returns
NULL and that gets deref'ed to get sacked into a local var.
There is no work to do if no packets are outstanding so we just
exit early.
This oops was introduced by 08ebd1721a (tcp: remove tp->lost_out
guard to make joining diff nicer).
Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@helsinki.fi>
Reported-by: Lennart Schulte <lennart.schulte@nets.rwth-aachen.de>
Tested-by: Lennart Schulte <lennart.schulte@nets.rwth-aachen.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
With commits 08677214 and 59be5a8e, alloc_bootmem()/free_bootmem() and
friends use the early_res functions for memory management when
NO_BOOTMEM is enabled. This patch adds the kmemleak calls in the
corresponding code paths for bootmem allocations.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
The pointer to the page_cgroup table allocated in
init_section_page_cgroup() is stored in section->page_cgroup as (base -
pfn). Since this value does not point to the beginning or inside the
allocated memory block, kmemleak reports a false positive.
This was reported in bugzilla.kernel.org as #16297.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Adrien Dessemond <adrien.dessemond@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
The length filed in the chsc response block (if valid)
has a value of n*(sizeof(chp_desc))+8 (for the response
block header). When we memcopied from the response block
to the actual descriptor we copied 8 bytes too much.
The bug was not revealed since the descriptor is embedded
in struct channel_path.
Since we only write one descriptor at a time ignore the
length value and use sizeof(*desc).
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
The dasd_alias_show function does not return a device reference
in case the device is an alias.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Haberland <stefan.haberland@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Partition boundary calculation fails for DASD FBA disks under the
following conditions:
- disk is formatted with CMS FORMAT with a blocksize of more than
512 bytes
- all of the disk is reserved to a single CMS file using CMS RESERVE
- the disk is accessed using the DIAG mode of the DASD driver
Under these circumstances, the partition detection code tries to
read the CMS label block containing partition-relevant information
from logical block offset 1, while it is in fact located at physical
block offset 1.
Fix this problem by using the correct CMS label block location
depending on the device type as determined by the DASD SENSE ID
information.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <peter.oberparleiter@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
In function sg_copy_end_to_buffer, too much data
is copied when a segment in the scatterlist
has .length greater than the requested copy length.
This patch adds the limit checks to fix this bug of over copying,
which affected only the ahash algorithms.
Signed-off-by: Lee Nipper <lee.nipper@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kim Phillips <kim.phillips@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
The current shrinker implementation requires the registered callback
to have global state to work from. This makes it difficult to shrink
caches that are not global (e.g. per-filesystem caches). Pass the shrinker
structure to the callback so that users can embed the shrinker structure
in the context the shrinker needs to operate on and get back to it in the
callback via container_of().
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
In commit f007ea26, the order of the %es and %ds segment registers
got accidentally swapped, so synthesized 'struct pt_regs' frames
have the two values inverted. It's almost sure that these values
never matter, and that they also never differ. But wrong is wrong.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
The input handler for Type 2 Routing Header (mip6_rthdr_input())
checks if the CoA in the packet matches the CoA in the XFRM state.
Current check is buggy: it compares the adddress in the Type 2
Routing Header, i.e. the HoA, against the expected CoA in the state.
The comparison should be made against the address in the destination
field of the IPv6 header.
The bug remained unnoticed because the main (and possibly only current)
user of the code (UMIP MIPv6 Daemon) initializes the XFRM state with the
unspecified address, i.e. explicitly allows everything.
Yoshifuji-san, can you ack that one?
Signed-off-by: Arnaud Ebalard <arno@natisbad.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'upstream-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jlbec/ocfs2:
ocfs2: Silence gcc warning in ocfs2_write_zero_page().
jbd2/ocfs2: Fix block checksumming when a buffer is used in several transactions
ocfs2/dlm: Remove BUG_ON from migration in the rare case of a down node
ocfs2: Don't duplicate pages past i_size during CoW.
ocfs2: tighten up strlen() checking
ocfs2: Make xattr reflink work with new local alloc reservation.
ocfs2: make xattr extension work with new local alloc reservation.
ocfs2: Remove the redundant cpu_to_le64.
ocfs2/dlm: don't access beyond bitmap size
ocfs2: No need to zero pages past i_size.
ocfs2: Zero the tail cluster when extending past i_size.
ocfs2: When zero extending, do it by page.
ocfs2: Limit default local alloc size within bitmap range.
ocfs2: Move orphan scan work to ocfs2_wq.
fs/ocfs2/dlm: Add missing spin_unlock
The hibernate issues that got fixed in commit 985b823b91 ("drm/i915:
fix hibernation since i915 self-reclaim fixes") turn out to have been
incomplete. Vefa Bicakci tested lots of hibernate cycles, and without
the __GFP_RECLAIMABLE flag the system eventually fails to resume.
With the flag added, Vefa can apparently hibernate forever (or until he
gets bored running his automated scripts, whichever comes first).
The reclaimable flag was there originally, and was one of the flags that
were dropped (unintentionally) by commit 4bdadb9785 ("drm/i915:
Selectively enable self-reclaim") that introduced all these problems,
but I didn't want to just blindly add back all the flags in commit
985b823b91, and it looked like __GFP_RECLAIM wasn't necessary. It
clearly was.
I still suspect that there is some subtle reason we're missing that
causes the problems, but __GFP_RECLAIMABLE is certainly not wrong to use
in this context, and is what the code historically used. And we have no
idea what the causes the corruption without it.
Reported-and-tested-by: M. Vefa Bicakci <bicave@superonline.com>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
drivers/input/keyboard/Kconfig defines QT2160 while the corresponding
Makefile expects CONFIG_KEYBOARD_QT2160 as all other keyboard drivers
do. To keep this Makefile consistent rename the config-token from
CONFIG_QT2160 to CONFIG_KEYBOARD_QT2160.
The various defconfig files are left alone.
Reported-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Fritz <chf.fritz@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
The fixed bar capability structure is searched in PCI extended
configuration space. We need to make sure there is a valid capability
ID to begin with otherwise, the search code may stuck in a infinite
loop which results in boot hang. This patch adds additional check for
cap ID 0, which is also invalid, and indicates end of chain.
End of chain is supposed to have all fields zero, but that doesn't
seem to always be the case in the field.
Suggested-by: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
LKML-Reference: <1279306706-27087-1-git-send-email-jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Found one x2apic system kexec loop test failed
when CONFIG_NMI_WATCHDOG=y (old) or CONFIG_LOCKUP_DETECTOR=y (current tip)
first kernel can kexec second kernel, but second kernel can not kexec third one.
it can be duplicated on another system with BIOS preenabled x2apic.
First kernel can not kexec second kernel.
It turns out, when kernel boot with pre-enabled x2apic, it will not execute
disable_local_APIC on shutdown path.
when init_apic_mappings() is called in setup_arch, it will skip setting of
apic_phys when x2apic_mode is set. ( x2apic_mode is much early check_x2apic())
Then later, disable_local_APIC() will bail out early because !apic_phys.
So check !x2apic_mode in x2apic_mode in disable_local_APIC with !apic_phys.
another solution could be updating init_apic_mappings() to set apic_phys even
for preenabled x2apic system. Actually even for x2apic system, that lapic
address is mapped already in early stage.
BTW: is there any x2apic preenabled system with apicid of boot cpu > 255?
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <4C3EB22B.3000701@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
ocfs2_write_zero_page() has a loop that won't ever be skipped, but gcc
doesn't know that. Set ret=0 just to make gcc happy.
Signed-off-by: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
The order of freeing the IRQ and freeing the device in firmware
in ibmveth_close can cause the adapter to become unusable after a
subsequent ibmveth_open. Only a reboot of the OS will make the
network device usable again. This is seen when cycling the adapter
up and down while there is network activity.
There is a window where an IRQ will be left unserviced (H_EOI will not
be called). The solution is to make a VIO_IRQ_DISABLE h_call, free the
device with firmware, and then call free_irq.
Signed-off-by: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
If we fail to assign resources to a PCI BAR, this patch makes us try the
original address from BIOS rather than leaving it disabled.
Linux tries to make sure all PCI device BARs are inside the upstream
PCI host bridge or P2P bridge apertures, reassigning BARs if necessary.
Windows does similar reassignment.
Before this patch, if we could not move a BAR into an aperture, we left
the resource unassigned, i.e., at address zero. Windows leaves such BARs
at the original BIOS addresses, and this patch makes Linux do the same.
This is a bit ugly because we disable the resource long before we try to
reassign it, so we have to keep track of the BIOS BAR address somewhere.
For lack of a better place, I put it in the struct pci_dev.
I think it would be cleaner to attempt the assignment immediately when the
claim fails, so we could easily remember the original address. But we
currently claim motherboard resources in the middle, after attempting to
claim PCI resources and before assigning new PCI resources, and changing
that is a fairly big job.
Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=16263
Reported-by: Andrew <nitr0@seti.kr.ua>
Tested-by: Andrew <nitr0@seti.kr.ua>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
* 'perf-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
tracing: Add alignment to syscall metadata declarations
perf: Sync callchains with period based hits
perf: Resurrect flat callchains
perf: Version String fix, for fallback if not from git
perf: Version String fix, using kernel version
The rt2x00dev->intf_work workqueue is never initialized when a driver is
probed for a non-existent device (in this case rt2500usb). On such a
path we call rt2x00lib_remove_dev() to free any resources initialized
during the probe before we use INIT_WORK to initialize the workqueue.
This causes lockdep to get confused since the lock used in the workqueue
hasn't been initialized yet but is now being acquired during
cancel_work_sync() called by rt2x00lib_remove_dev().
Fix this by initializing the workqueue first before we attempt to probe
the device. This should make lockdep happy and avoid breaking any
assumptions about how the library cleans up after a probe fails.
phy0 -> rt2x00lib_probe_dev: Error - Failed to allocate device.
INFO: trying to register non-static key.
the code is fine but needs lockdep annotation.
turning off the locking correctness validator.
Pid: 2027, comm: modprobe Not tainted 2.6.35-rc5+ #60
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff8105fe59>] register_lock_class+0x152/0x31f
[<ffffffff81344a00>] ? usb_control_msg+0xd5/0x111
[<ffffffff81061bde>] __lock_acquire+0xce/0xcf4
[<ffffffff8105f6fd>] ? trace_hardirqs_off+0xd/0xf
[<ffffffff81492aef>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x33/0x41
[<ffffffff810628d5>] lock_acquire+0xd1/0xf7
[<ffffffff8104f037>] ? __cancel_work_timer+0x99/0x17e
[<ffffffff8104f06e>] __cancel_work_timer+0xd0/0x17e
[<ffffffff8104f037>] ? __cancel_work_timer+0x99/0x17e
[<ffffffff8104f136>] cancel_work_sync+0xb/0xd
[<ffffffffa0096675>] rt2x00lib_remove_dev+0x25/0xb0 [rt2x00lib]
[<ffffffffa0096bf7>] rt2x00lib_probe_dev+0x380/0x3ed [rt2x00lib]
[<ffffffff811d78a7>] ? __raw_spin_lock_init+0x31/0x52
[<ffffffffa00bbd2c>] ? T.676+0xe/0x10 [rt2x00usb]
[<ffffffffa00bbe4f>] rt2x00usb_probe+0x121/0x15e [rt2x00usb]
[<ffffffff813468bd>] usb_probe_interface+0x151/0x19e
[<ffffffff812ea08e>] driver_probe_device+0xa7/0x136
[<ffffffff812ea167>] __driver_attach+0x4a/0x66
[<ffffffff812ea11d>] ? __driver_attach+0x0/0x66
[<ffffffff812e96ca>] bus_for_each_dev+0x54/0x89
[<ffffffff812e9efd>] driver_attach+0x19/0x1b
[<ffffffff812e9b64>] bus_add_driver+0xb4/0x204
[<ffffffff812ea41b>] driver_register+0x98/0x109
[<ffffffff813465dd>] usb_register_driver+0xb2/0x173
[<ffffffffa00ca000>] ? rt2500usb_init+0x0/0x20 [rt2500usb]
[<ffffffffa00ca01e>] rt2500usb_init+0x1e/0x20 [rt2500usb]
[<ffffffff81000203>] do_one_initcall+0x6d/0x17a
[<ffffffff8106cae8>] sys_init_module+0x9c/0x1e0
[<ffffffff8100296b>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <bebarino@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Strip the cap and dentry releases from replayed messages. They can
cause the shared state to get out of sync because they were generated
(with the request message) earlier, and no longer reflect the current
client state.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
Replayed rename operations (after an mds failure/recovery) were broken
because the request paths were regenerated from the dentry names, which
get mangled when d_move() is called.
Instead, resend the previous request message when replaying completed
operations. Just make sure the REPLAY flag is set and the target ino is
filled in.
This fixes problems with workloads doing renames when the MDS restarts,
where the rename operation appears to succeed, but on mds restart then
fails (leading to client confusion, app breakage, etc.).
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
When I ran "perf kvm ... top", I encountered the following error output.
Error: perfcounter syscall returned with -1 (Too many open files)
Fatal: No CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS=y kernel support configured?
Looking into perf, I found perf opens too many directories at
initialization time, but forgets to close them. Here is the fix.
LKML-Reference: <4C230362.5080704@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Gui Jianfeng <guijianfeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/steve/gfs2-2.6-fixes:
GFS2: rename causes kernel Oops
GFS2: BUG in gfs2_adjust_quota
GFS2: Fix kernel NULL pointer dereference by dlm_astd
GFS2: recovery stuck on transaction lock
GFS2: O_TRUNC not working on stuffed files across cluster
Guest can trigger packet truncation by posting
a very short buffer and disabling buffer merging.
Convert pr_err to pr_debug to avoid log from filling
up when this happens.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
No need to take address, w90p910_ts is already a pointer.
Signed-off-by: Wan ZongShun <mcuos.com@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
Keith Packard
Dan Carpenter
Kulikov Vasiliy
Ben Hutchings
Wan ZongShun
Kamal Mostafa
Linus Torvalds
Dave Chinner
Dan Rosenberg
Sreedhara DS
Sage Weil
Chris Mason
Ilpo Järvinen
David S. Miller
Catalin Marinas
Sebastian Ott
Stefan Haberland
Peter Oberparleiter
Lee Nipper
Roland McGrath
Arnaud Ebalard
Christoph Fritz
Mark Brown
Jacob Pan
Yinghai Lu
Joel Becker
Robert Jennings
Bjorn Helgaas
Stephen Boyd
Gui Jianfeng
Michael S. Tsirkin