This patch corrects the SPDX License Identifier style in
header file related to debugfs File System support.
For C header files Documentation/process/license-rules.rst
mandates C-like comments (opposed to C source files where
C++ style should be used).
Changes made by using a script provided by Joe Perches here:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/2/7/46.
Suggested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Nishad Kamdar <nishadkamdar@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200419144852.GA9206@nishad
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Now that the SPDX tag is in all debugfs files, that identifies the
license in a specific and legally-defined manner. So the extra GPL text
wording can be removed as it is no longer needed at all.
This is done on a quest to remove the 700+ different ways that files in
the kernel describe the GPL license text. And there's unneeded stuff
like the address (sometimes incorrect) for the FSF which is never
needed.
No copyright headers or other non-license-description text was removed.
Cc: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
It's good to have SPDX identifiers in all files to make it easier to
audit the kernel tree for correct licenses.
Update the debugfs files files with the correct SPDX license identifier
based on the license text in the file itself. The SPDX identifier is a
legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler
plate text.
This work is based on a script and data from Thomas Gleixner, Philippe
Ombredanne, and Kate Stewart.
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently, __debugfs_create_file allocates one struct debugfs_fsdata
instance for every file created. However, there are potentially many
debugfs file around, most of which are never touched by userspace.
Thus, defer the allocations to the first usage, i.e. to the first
debugfs_file_get().
A dentry's ->d_fsdata starts out to point to the "real", user provided
fops. After a debugfs_fsdata instance has been allocated (and the real
fops pointer has been moved over into its ->real_fops member),
->d_fsdata is changed to point to it from then on. The two cases are
distinguished by setting BIT(0) for the real fops case.
struct debugfs_fsdata's foremost purpose is to track active users and to
make debugfs_remove() block until they are done. Since no debugfs_fsdata
instance means no active users, make debugfs_remove() return immediately
in this case.
Take care of possible races between debugfs_file_get() and
debugfs_remove(): either debugfs_remove() must see a debugfs_fsdata
instance and thus wait for possible active users or debugfs_file_get() must
see a dead dentry and return immediately.
Make a dentry's ->d_release(), i.e. debugfs_release_dentry(), check whether
->d_fsdata is actually a debugfs_fsdata instance before kfree()ing it.
Similarly, make debugfs_real_fops() check whether ->d_fsdata is actually
a debugfs_fsdata instance before returning it, otherwise emit a warning.
The set of possible error codes returned from debugfs_file_get() has grown
from -EIO to -EIO and -ENOMEM. Make open_proxy_open() and full_proxy_open()
pass the -ENOMEM onwards to their callers.
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since commit 49d200deaa ("debugfs: prevent access to removed files'
private data"), accesses to a file's private data are protected from
concurrent removal by covering all file_operations with a SRCU read section
and sychronizing with those before returning from debugfs_remove() by means
of synchronize_srcu().
As pointed out by Johannes Berg, there are debugfs files with forever
blocking file_operations. Their corresponding SRCU read side sections would
block any debugfs_remove() forever as well, even unrelated ones. This
results in a livelock. Because a remover can't cancel any indefinite
blocking within foreign files, this is a problem.
Resolve this by introducing support for more granular protection on a
per-file basis.
This is implemented by introducing an 'active_users' refcount_t to the
per-file struct debugfs_fsdata state. At file creation time, it is set to
one and a debugfs_remove() will drop that initial reference. The new
debugfs_file_get() and debugfs_file_put(), intended to be used in place of
former debugfs_use_file_start() and debugfs_use_file_finish(), increment
and decrement it respectively. Once the count drops to zero,
debugfs_file_put() will signal a completion which is possibly being waited
for from debugfs_remove().
Thus, as long as there is a debugfs_file_get() not yet matched by a
corresponding debugfs_file_put() around, debugfs_remove() will block.
Actual users of debugfs_use_file_start() and -finish() will get converted
to the new debugfs_file_get() and debugfs_file_put() by followup patches.
Fixes: 49d200deaa ("debugfs: prevent access to removed files' private data")
Reported-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently, the user provided fops, "real_fops", are stored directly into
->d_fsdata.
In order to be able to store more per-file state and thus prepare for more
granular file removal protection, wrap the real_fops into a dynamically
allocated container struct, debugfs_fsdata.
A struct debugfs_fsdata gets allocated at file creation and freed from the
newly intoduced ->d_release().
Finally, move the implementation of debugfs_real_fops() out of the public
debugfs header such that struct debugfs_fsdata's declaration can be kept
private.
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
debugfs_create_file_unsafe() is declared twice in exactly the same
manner each: once in fs/debugfs/internal.h and once in
include/linux/debugfs.h
All files that include the former also include the latter and thus,
the declaration in fs/debugfs/internal.h is superfluous.
Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Upon return of debugfs_remove()/debugfs_remove_recursive(), it might
still be attempted to access associated private file data through
previously opened struct file objects. If that data has been freed by
the caller of debugfs_remove*() in the meanwhile, the reading/writing
process would either encounter a fault or, if the memory address in
question has been reassigned again, unrelated data structures could get
overwritten.
However, since debugfs files are seldomly removed, usually from module
exit handlers only, the impact is very low.
Currently, there are ~1000 call sites of debugfs_create_file() spread
throughout the whole tree and touching all of those struct file_operations
in order to make them file removal aware by means of checking the result of
debugfs_use_file_start() from within their methods is unfeasible.
Instead, wrap the struct file_operations by a lifetime managing proxy at
file open:
- In debugfs_create_file(), the original fops handed in has got stashed
away in ->d_fsdata already.
- In debugfs_create_file(), install a proxy file_operations factory,
debugfs_full_proxy_file_operations, at ->i_fop.
This proxy factory has got an ->open() method only. It carries out some
lifetime checks and if successful, dynamically allocates and sets up a new
struct file_operations proxy at ->f_op. Afterwards, it forwards to the
->open() of the original struct file_operations in ->d_fsdata, if any.
The dynamically set up proxy at ->f_op has got a lifetime managing wrapper
set for each of the methods defined in the original struct file_operations
in ->d_fsdata.
Its ->release()er frees the proxy again and forwards to the original
->release(), if any.
In order not to mislead the VFS layer, it is strictly necessary to leave
those fields blank in the proxy that have been NULL in the original
struct file_operations also, i.e. aren't supported. This is why there is a
need for dynamically allocated proxies. The choice made not to allocate a
proxy instance for every dentry at file creation, but for every
struct file object instantiated thereof is justified by the expected usage
pattern of debugfs, namely that in general very few files get opened more
than once at a time.
The wrapper methods set in the struct file_operations implement lifetime
managing by means of the SRCU protection facilities already in place for
debugfs:
They set up a SRCU read side critical section and check whether the dentry
is still alive by means of debugfs_use_file_start(). If so, they forward
the call to the original struct file_operation stored in ->d_fsdata, still
under the protection of the SRCU read side critical section.
This SRCU read side critical section prevents any pending debugfs_remove()
and friends to return to their callers. Since a file's private data must
only be freed after the return of debugfs_remove(), the ongoing proxied
call is guarded against any file removal race.
If, on the other hand, the initial call to debugfs_use_file_start() detects
that the dentry is dead, the wrapper simply returns -EIO and does not
forward the call. Note that the ->poll() wrapper is special in that its
signature does not allow for the return of arbitrary -EXXX values and thus,
POLLHUP is returned here.
In order not to pollute debugfs with wrapper definitions that aren't ever
needed, I chose not to define a wrapper for every struct file_operations
method possible. Instead, a wrapper is defined only for the subset of
methods which are actually set by any debugfs users.
Currently, these are:
->llseek()
->read()
->write()
->unlocked_ioctl()
->poll()
The ->release() wrapper is special in that it does not protect the original
->release() in any way from dead files in order not to leak resources.
Thus, any ->release() handed to debugfs must implement file lifetime
management manually, if needed.
For only 33 out of a total of 434 releasers handed in to debugfs, it could
not be verified immediately whether they access data structures that might
have been freed upon a debugfs_remove() return in the meanwhile.
Export debugfs_use_file_start() and debugfs_use_file_finish() in order to
allow any ->release() to manually implement file lifetime management.
For a set of common cases of struct file_operations implemented by the
debugfs_core itself, future patches will incorporate file lifetime
management directly within those in order to allow for their unproxied
operation. Rename the original, non-proxying "debugfs_create_file()" to
"debugfs_create_file_unsafe()" and keep it for future internal use by
debugfs itself. Factor out code common to both into the new
__debugfs_create_file().
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Nothing prevents a dentry found by path lookup before a return of
__debugfs_remove() to actually get opened after that return. Now, after
the return of __debugfs_remove(), there are no guarantees whatsoever
regarding the memory the corresponding inode's file_operations object
had been kept in.
Since __debugfs_remove() is seldomly invoked, usually from module exit
handlers only, the race is hard to trigger and the impact is very low.
A discussion of the problem outlined above as well as a suggested
solution can be found in the (sub-)thread rooted at
http://lkml.kernel.org/g/20130401203445.GA20862@ZenIV.linux.org.uk
("Yet another pipe related oops.")
Basically, Greg KH suggests to introduce an intermediate fops and
Al Viro points out that a pointer to the original ones may be stored in
->d_fsdata.
Follow this line of reasoning:
- Add SRCU as a reverse dependency of DEBUG_FS.
- Introduce a srcu_struct object for the debugfs subsystem.
- In debugfs_create_file(), store a pointer to the original
file_operations object in ->d_fsdata.
- Make debugfs_remove() and debugfs_remove_recursive() wait for a
SRCU grace period after the dentry has been delete()'d and before they
return to their callers.
- Introduce an intermediate file_operations object named
"debugfs_open_proxy_file_operations". It's ->open() functions checks,
under the protection of a SRCU read lock, whether the dentry is still
alive, i.e. has not been d_delete()'d and if so, tries to acquire a
reference on the owning module.
On success, it sets the file object's ->f_op to the original
file_operations and forwards the ongoing open() call to the original
->open().
- For clarity, rename the former debugfs_file_operations to
debugfs_noop_file_operations -- they are in no way canonical.
The choice of SRCU over "normal" RCU is justified by the fact, that the
former may also be used to protect ->i_private data from going away
during the execution of a file's readers and writers which may (and do)
sleep.
Finally, introduce the fs/debugfs/internal.h header containing some
declarations internal to the debugfs implementation.
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Nishad Kamdar
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Nicolai Stange