Now that the replay owner is in the cstate we can remove it from a lot
of other individual operations and further simplify
nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op().
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Set the stateowner associated with a replay in one spot in
nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op() and keep it in cstate. This allows removing
a few lines of boilerplate from all the nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op()
callers.
Also turn ENCODE_SEQID_OP_TAIL into a function while we're here.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Thanks to Casey for reminding me that 5661 gives a special meaning to a
value of 0 in the stateid's seqid field, so all stateid's should start
out with si_generation 1. We were doing that in the open and lock
cases for minorversion 1, but not for the delegation stateid, and not
for openstateid's with v4.0.
It doesn't *really* matter much for v4.0 or for delegation stateid's
(which never get the seqid field incremented), but we may as well do the
same for all of them.
Reported-by: Casey Bodley <cbodley@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Follow the recommendation from rfc3530bis for stateid generation number
wraparound, simplify some code, and fix or remove incorrect comments.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The values here represent highest slotid numbers. Since slotid's are
numbered starting from zero, the highest should be one less than the
number of slots.
Reported-by: Rick Macklem <rmacklem@uoguelph.ca>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
When called with OPEN_STATE, preprocess_seqid_op only returns an open
stateid, hence only an open owner.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
We've got some lock-specific code here in nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op which
is only used by nfsd4_lock(). Move it to the caller.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Note that the special handling for the lock stateid case is already done
by nfs4_check_openmode() (as of 0292191417
"nfsd4: fix openmode checking on IO using lock stateid") so we no longer
need these two cases in the caller.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Share some common code, stop doing silly things like initializing a list
head immediately before adding it to a list, etc.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
These appear to be generic (for both open and lock owners), but they're
actually just for open owners. This has confused me more than once.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The server is returning nfserr_resource for both permanent errors and
for errors (like allocation failures) that might be resolved by retrying
later. Save nfserr_resource for the former and use delay/jukebox for
the latter.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Even if we fail to write a recovery record, we should still mark the
client as having acquired its first state. Otherwise we leave 4.1
clients with indefinite ERR_GRACE returns.
However, an inability to write stable storage records may cause failures
of reboot recovery, and the problem should still be brought to the
server administrator's attention.
So, make sure the error is logged.
These errors shouldn't normally be triggered on a corectly functioning
server--this isn't a case where a misconfigured client could spam the
logs.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
A client that wants to execute a file must be able to read it. Read
opens over nfs are therefore implicitly allowed for executable files
even when those files are not readable.
NFSv2/v3 get this right by using a passed-in NFSD_MAY_OWNER_OVERRIDE on
read requests, but NFSv4 has gotten this wrong ever since
dc730e1737 "nfsd4: fix owner-override on
open", when we realized that the file owner shouldn't override
permissions on non-reclaim NFSv4 opens.
So we can't use NFSD_MAY_OWNER_OVERRIDE to tell nfsd_permission to allow
reads of executable files.
So, do the same thing we do whenever we encounter another weird NFS
permission nit: define yet another NFSD_MAY_* flag.
The industry's future standardization on 128-bit processors will be
motivated primarily by the need for integers with enough bits for all
the NFSD_MAY_* flags.
Reported-by: Leonardo Borda <leonardoborda@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The nfsd4 code has a bunch of special exceptions for error returns which
map nfserr_symlink to other errors.
In fact, the spec makes it clear that nfserr_symlink is to be preferred
over less specific errors where possible.
The patch that introduced it back in 2.6.4 is "kNFSd: correct symlink
related error returns.", which claims that these special exceptions are
represent an NFSv4 break from v2/v3 tradition--when in fact the symlink
error was introduced with v4.
I suspect what happened was pynfs tests were written that were overly
faithful to the (known-incomplete) rfc3530 error return lists, and then
code was fixed up mindlessly to make the tests pass.
Delete these unnecessary exceptions.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Zero means "I don't care what kind of file this is". And that's
probably what we want--acls are also settable at least on directories,
and if the filesystem doesn't want them on other objects, leave it to it
to complain.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
We allow the fh_verify caller to specify that any object *except* those
of a given type is allowed, by passing a negative type. But only one
caller actually uses it. Open-code that check in the one caller.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
A slightly unconventional approach to make the code more compact I could
live with, but let's give the poor reader *some* chance.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The set of errors here does *not* agree with the set of errors specified
in the rfc!
While we're there, turn this macros into a function, for the usual
reasons, and move it to the one place where it's actually used.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Fan Yong <yong.fan@whamcloud.com> noticed setting
FMODE_32bithash wouldn't work with nfsd v4, as
nfsd4_readdir() checks for 32 bit cookies. However, according to RFC 3530
cookies have a 64 bit type and cookies are also defined as u64 in
'struct nfsd4_readdir'. So remove the test for >32-bit values.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Bernd Schubert <bernd.schubert@itwm.fraunhofer.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-3.1' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux:
nfsd: don't break lease on CLAIM_DELEGATE_CUR
locks: rename lock-manager ops
nfsd4: update nfsv4.1 implementation notes
nfsd: turn on reply cache for NFSv4
nfsd4: call nfsd4_release_compoundargs from pc_release
nfsd41: Deny new lock before RECLAIM_COMPLETE done
fs: locks: remove init_once
nfsd41: check the size of request
nfsd41: error out when client sets maxreq_sz or maxresp_sz too small
nfsd4: fix file leak on open_downgrade
nfsd4: remember to put RW access on stateid destruction
NFSD: Added TEST_STATEID operation
NFSD: added FREE_STATEID operation
svcrpc: fix list-corrupting race on nfsd shutdown
rpc: allow autoloading of gss mechanisms
svcauth_unix.c: quiet sparse noise
svcsock.c: include sunrpc.h to quiet sparse noise
nfsd: Remove deprecated nfsctl system call and related code.
NFSD: allow OP_DESTROY_CLIENTID to be only op in COMPOUND
Fix up trivial conflicts in Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
CLAIM_DELEGATE_CUR is used in response to a broken lease; allowing it
to break the lease and return EAGAIN leaves the client unable to make
progress in returning the delegation
nfs4_get_vfs_file() now takes struct nfsd4_open for access to the
claim type, and calls nfsd_open() with NFSD_MAY_NOT_BREAK_LEASE when
claim type is CLAIM_DELEGATE_CUR
Signed-off-by: Casey Bodley <cbodley@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Both the filesystem and the lock manager can associate operations with a
lock. Confusingly, one of them (fl_release_private) actually has the
same name in both operation structures.
It would save some confusion to give the lock-manager ops different
names.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
It's sort of ridiculous that we've never had a working reply cache for
NFSv4.
On the other hand, we may still not: our current reply cache is likely
not very good, especially in the TCP case (which is the only case that
matters for v4). What we really need here is some serious testing.
Anyway, here's a start.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Before nfs41 client's RECLAIM_COMPLETE done, nfs server should deny any
new locks or opens.
rfc5661:
" Whenever a client establishes a new client ID and before it does
the first non-reclaim operation that obtains a lock, it MUST send a
RECLAIM_COMPLETE with rca_one_fs set to FALSE, even if there are no
locks to reclaim. If non-reclaim locking operations are done before
the RECLAIM_COMPLETE, an NFS4ERR_GRACE error will be returned. "
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Check in SEQUENCE that the request doesn't exceed maxreq_sz for the
given session.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
According to RFC5661, 18.36.3,
"if the client selects a value for ca_maxresponsesize such that
a replier on a channel could never send a response,the server
SHOULD return NFS4ERR_TOOSMALL in the CREATE_SESSION reply."
So, error out when the client sets a maxreq_sz less than the minimum
possible SEQUENCE request size, or sets a maxresp_sz less than the
minimum possible SEQUENCE reply size.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Stateid's hold a read reference for a read open, a write reference for a
write open, and an additional one of each for each read+write open. The
latter wasn't getting put on a downgrade, so something like:
open RW
open R
downgrade to R
was resulting in a file leak.
Also fix an imbalance in an error path.
Regression from 7d94784293 "nfsd4: fix
downgrade/lock logic".
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Without this, for example,
open read
open read+write
close
will result in a struct file leak.
Regression from 7d94784293 "nfsd4: fix
downgrade/lock logic".
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
This operation is used by the client to check the validity of a list of
stateids.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
This operation is used by the client to tell the server to free a
stateid.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
As promised in feature-removal-schedule.txt it is time to
remove the nfsctl system call.
Userspace has perferred to not use this call throughout 2.6 and it has been
excluded in the default configuration since 2.6.36 (9 months ago).
So this patch removes all the code that was being compiled out.
There are still references to sys_nfsctl in various arch systemcall tables
and related code. These should be cleaned out too, probably in the next
merge window.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
DESTROY_CLIENTID MAY be preceded with a SEQUENCE operation as long as
the client ID derived from the session ID of SEQUENCE is not the same
as the client ID to be destroyed. If the client IDs are the same,
then the server MUST return NFS4ERR_CLIENTID_BUSY.
(that's not implemented yet)
If DESTROY_CLIENTID is not prefixed by SEQUENCE, it MUST be the only
operation in the COMPOUND request (otherwise, the server MUST return
NFS4ERR_NOT_ONLY_OP).
This fixes the error return; before, we returned
NFS4ERR_OP_NOT_IN_SESSION; after this patch, we return NFS4ERR_NOTSUPP.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <benny@tonian.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Thanks to Casey Bodley for pointing out that on a read open we pass 0,
instead of O_RDONLY, to break_lease, with the result that a read open is
treated like a write open for the purposes of lease breaking!
Reported-by: Casey Bodley <cbodley@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
fix for commit 4795bb37ef, nfsd: break
lease on unlink, link, and rename
if the LINK operation breaks a delegation, it returns NFS4ERR_NOENT
(which is not a valid error in rfc 5661) instead of NFS4ERR_DELAY.
the return value of nfsd_break_lease() in nfsd_link() must be
converted from host_err to err
Signed-off-by: Casey Bodley <cbodley@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
nfsd V4 support uses crypto interfaces, so select CRYPTO
to fix build errors in 2.6.39:
ERROR: "crypto_destroy_tfm" [fs/nfsd/nfsd.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "crypto_alloc_base" [fs/nfsd/nfsd.ko] undefined!
Reported-by: Wakko Warner <wakko@animx.eu.org>
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Commit b0b0c0a26e "nfsd: add proc file listing kernel's gss_krb5
enctypes" added an nunnecessary dependency of nfsd on the auth_rpcgss
module.
It's a little ad hoc, but since the only piece of information nfsd needs
from rpcsec_gss_krb5 is a single static string, one solution is just to
share it with an include file.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Michael Guntsche <mike@it-loops.com>
Cc: Kevin Coffman <kwc@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-2.6.40' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (22 commits)
nfsd: make local functions static
NFSD: Remove unused variable from nfsd4_decode_bind_conn_to_session()
NFSD: Check status from nfsd4_map_bcts_dir()
NFSD: Remove setting unused variable in nfsd_vfs_read()
nfsd41: error out on repeated RECLAIM_COMPLETE
nfsd41: compare request's opcnt with session's maxops at nfsd4_sequence
nfsd v4.1 lOCKT clientid field must be ignored
nfsd41: add flag checking for create_session
nfsd41: make sure nfs server process OPEN with EXCLUSIVE4_1 correctly
nfsd4: fix wrongsec handling for PUTFH + op cases
nfsd4: make fh_verify responsibility of nfsd_lookup_dentry caller
nfsd4: introduce OPDESC helper
nfsd4: allow fh_verify caller to skip pseudoflavor checks
nfsd: distinguish functions of NFSD_MAY_* flags
svcrpc: complete svsk processing on cb receive failure
svcrpc: take advantage of tcp autotuning
SUNRPC: Don't wait for full record to receive tcp data
svcrpc: copy cb reply instead of pages
svcrpc: close connection if client sends short packet
svcrpc: note network-order types in svc_process_calldir
...
This also fixes a number of sparse warnings.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Compiling gave me this warning:
fs/nfsd/nfs4xdr.c: In function ‘nfsd4_decode_bind_conn_to_session’:
fs/nfsd/nfs4xdr.c:427:6: warning: variable ‘dummy’ set but not used
[-Wunused-but-set-variable]
The local variable "dummy" wasn't being used past the READ32() macro that
set it. READ_BUF() should ensure that the xdr buffer is pushed past the
data read into dummy already, so nothing needs to be read in.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
[bfields@redhat.com: minor comment fixup.]
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Compiling gave me this warning:
fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c: In function ‘nfsd4_bind_conn_to_session’:
fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c:1623:9: warning: variable ‘status’ set but not used
[-Wunused-but-set-variable]
The local variable "status" was being set by nfsd4_map_bcts_dir() and
then ignored before calling nfsd4_new_conn().
Signed-off-by: Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Compiling gave me this warning:
fs/nfsd/vfs.c: In function ‘nfsd_vfs_read’:
fs/nfsd/vfs.c:880:16: warning: variable ‘inode’ set but not used
[-Wunused-but-set-variable]
I discovered that a local variable "inode" was being set towards the
beginning of nfsd_vfs_read() and then ignored for the rest of the
function.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Servers are supposed to return nfserr_complete_already to clients that
attempt to send multiple RECLAIM_COMPLETEs.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Make sure nfs server errors out if request contains more ops
than channel allows.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
[bfields@redhat.com: use helper function]
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
RFC 5661 Section 18.11.3
The clientid field of the owner MAY be set to any value by the client
and MUST be ignored by the server. The reason the server MUST ignore
the clientid field is that the server MUST derive the client ID from
the session ID from the SEQUENCE operation of the COMPOUND request.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Teach the NFS server to reject invalid create_session flags.
Also do some minor formatting adjustments.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The NFS server uses nfsd_create_v3 to handle EXCLUSIVE4_1 opens, but
that function is not prepared to handle them.
Rename nfsd_create_v3() to do_nfsd_create(), and add handling of
EXCLUSIVE4_1.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
When PUTFH is followed by an operation that uses the filehandle, and
when the current client is using a security flavor that is inconsistent
with the given filehandle, we have a choice: we can return WRONGSEC
either when the current filehandle is set using the PUTFH, or when the
filehandle is first used by the following operation.
Follow the recommendations of RFC 5661 in making this choice.
(Our current behavior prevented the client from doing security
negotiation by returning WRONGSEC on PUTFH+SECINFO_NO_NAME.)
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
An open on a NFS4 share using the O_CREAT flag on an existing file for
which we have permissions to open but contained in a directory with no
write permissions will fail with EACCES.
A tcpdump shows that the client had set the open mode to UNCHECKED which
indicates that the file should be created if it doesn't exist and
encountering an existing flag is not an error. Since in this case the
file exists and can be opened by the user, the NFS server is wrong in
attempting to check create permissions on the parent directory.
The patch adds a conditional statement to check for create permissions
only if the file doesn't exist.
Signed-off-by: Sachin S. Prabhu <sprabhu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
23fcf2ec93 (nfsd4: fix oops on lock failure)
The above patch breaks free path for stp->st_file. If stp was inserted
into sop->so_stateids, we have to free stp->st_file refcount. Because
stp->st_file refcount itself is taken whether or not any refcounts are
taken on the stp->st_file->fi_fds[].
Signed-off-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Introduced by acfdf5c383.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Gerhard Heift <ml-nfs-linux-20110412-ef47@gheift.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Most of the NFSD_MAY_* flags actually request permissions, but over the
years we've accreted a few that modify the behavior of the permission or
open code in other ways.
Distinguish the two cases a little more. In particular, allow the
shortcut at the start of nfsd_permission to ignore the
non-permission-requesting bits.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
This was noticed by users who performed more than 2^32 lock operations
and hence made this counter overflow (eventually leading to
use-after-free's). Setting rq_client to NULL here means that it won't
later get auth_domain_put() when it should be.
Appears to have been introduced in 2.5.42 by "[PATCH] kNFSd: Move auth
domain lookup into svcauth" which moved most of the rq_client handling
to common svcauth code, but left behind this one line.
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-2.6.39' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux:
SUNRPC: Remove resource leak in svc_rdma_send_error()
nfsd: wrong index used in inner loop
nfsd4: fix comment and remove unused nfsd4_file fields
nfs41: make sure nfs server return right ca_maxresponsesize_cached
nfsd: fix compile error
svcrpc: fix bad argument in unix_domain_find
nfsd4: fix struct file leak
nfsd4: minor nfs4state.c reshuffling
svcrpc: fix rare race on unix_domain creation
nfsd41: modify the members value of nfsd4_op_flags
nfsd: add proc file listing kernel's gss_krb5 enctypes
gss:krb5 only include enctype numbers in gm_upcall_enctypes
NFSD, VFS: Remove dead code in nfsd_rename()
nfsd: kill unused macro definition
locks: use assign_type()
We must not use dummy for index.
After the first index, READ32(dummy) will change dummy!!!!
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
[bfields@redhat.com: Trond points out READ_BUF alone is sufficient.]
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
According to rfc5661,
ca_maxresponsesize_cached:
Like ca_maxresponsesize, but the maximum size of a reply that
will be stored in the reply cache (Section 2.10.6.1). For each
channel, the server MAY decrease this value, but MUST NOT
increase it.
the latest kernel(2.6.38-rc8) may increase the value for ignoring
request's ca_maxresponsesize_cached value. We should not ignore it.
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
"fs/built-in.o: In function `supported_enctypes_show':
nfsctl.c:(.text+0x7beb0): undefined reference to `gss_mech_get_by_name'
nfsctl.c:(.text+0x7bebc): undefined reference to `gss_mech_put'
"
Reported-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Index i was already used in the outer loop
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Roel Kluin <roel.kluin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Make sure we properly reference count the struct files that a lock
depends on, and release them when the lock stateid is released.
This fixes a major leak of struct files when using locking over nfsv4.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Rick Koshi <nfs-bug-report@more-right-rudder.com>
Tested-by: Ivo Přikryl <prikryl@eurosat.cz>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Minor cleanup in preparation for a bugfix--moving some code to avoid
forward references, etc. No change in functionality.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The members of nfsd4_op_flags, (ALLOWED_WITHOUT_FH | ALLOWED_ON_ABSENT_FS)
equals to ALLOWED_AS_FIRST_OP, maybe that's not what we want.
OP_PUTROOTFH with op_flags = ALLOWED_WITHOUT_FH | ALLOWED_ON_ABSENT_FS,
can't appears as the first operation with out SEQUENCE ops.
This patch modify the wrong value of ALLOWED_WITHOUT_FH etc which
was introduced by f9bb94c4.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Add a new proc file which lists the encryption types supported
by the kernel's gss_krb5 code.
Newer MIT Kerberos libraries support the assertion of acceptor
subkeys. This enctype information allows user-land (svcgssd)
to request that the Kerberos libraries limit the encryption
types that it uses when generating the subkeys.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Coffman <kwc@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Currently we have the following code in fs/nfsd/vfs.c::nfsd_rename() :
...
host_err = nfsd_break_lease(odentry->d_inode);
if (host_err)
goto out_drop_write;
if (ndentry->d_inode) {
host_err = nfsd_break_lease(ndentry->d_inode);
if (host_err)
goto out_drop_write;
}
if (host_err)
goto out_drop_write;
...
'host_err' is guaranteed to be 0 by the time we test 'ndentry->d_inode'.
If 'host_err' becomes != 0 inside the 'if' statement, then we goto
'out_drop_write'. So, after the 'if' statement there is no way that
'host_err' can be anything but 0, so the test afterwards is just dead
code.
This patch removes the dead code.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
These macros had never been used for several years.
So, remove them.
Signed-off-by: Shan Wei <shanwei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
In case of a nonempty list, the return on error here is obviously bogus;
it ends up being a pointer to the list head instead of to any valid
delegation on the list.
In particular, if nfsd4_delegreturn() hits this case, and you're quite unlucky,
then renew_client may oops, and it may take an embarassingly long time to
figure out why. Facepalm.
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000090
IP: [<ffffffff81292965>] nfsd4_delegreturn+0x125/0x200
...
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Fix bug introduced in patch
85a56480 NFSD: Update XDR decoders in NFSv4 callback client
Although decode_cb_sequence4resok ignores highest slotid and target highest slotid
it must account for their space in their xdr stream when calling xdr_inline_decode
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
These functions return an nfs status, not a host_err. So don't
try to convert before returning.
This is a regression introduced by
3c726023402a2f3b28f49b9d90ebf9e71151157d; I fixed up two of the callers,
but missed these two.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
4795bb37ef "nfsd: break lease on unlink,
link, and rename", only broke the lease on the file that was being
renamed, and didn't handle the case where the target path refers to an
already-existing file that will be unlinked by a rename--in that case
the target file should have any leases broken as well.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Instead of acquiring one lease each time another client opens a file,
nfsd can acquire just one lease to represent all of them, and reference
count it to determine when to release it.
This fixes a regression introduced by
c45821d263 "locks: eliminate fl_mylease
callback": after that patch, only the struct file * is used to determine
who owns a given lease. But since we recently converted the server to
share a single struct file per open, if we acquire multiple leases on
the same file from nfsd, it then becomes impossible on unlocking a lease
to determine which of those leases (all of whom share the same struct
file *) we meant to remove.
Thanks to Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> for catching a bug in a previous
version of this patch.
Tested-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Modify fi_delegations only under the recall_lock, allowing us to use
that list on lease breaks.
Also some trivial cleanup to simplify later changes.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
If nfsd fails to find an exported via NFS file in the readahead cache, it
should increment corresponding nfsdstats counter (ra_depth[10]), but due to a
bug it may instead write to ra_depth[11], corrupting the following field.
In a kernel with NFSDv4 compiled in the corruption takes the form of an
increment of a counter of the number of NFSv4 operation 0's received; since
there is no operation 0, this is harmless.
In a kernel with NFSDv4 disabled it corrupts whatever happens to be in the
memory beyond nfsdstats.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khorenko <khorenko@openvz.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Bugs introduced in 85a5648019
"NFSD: Update XDR decoders in NFSv4 callback client"
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6: (23 commits)
sanitize vfsmount refcounting changes
fix old umount_tree() breakage
autofs4: Merge the remaining dentry ops tables
Unexport do_add_mount() and add in follow_automount(), not ->d_automount()
Allow d_manage() to be used in RCU-walk mode
Remove a further kludge from __do_follow_link()
autofs4: Bump version
autofs4: Add v4 pseudo direct mount support
autofs4: Fix wait validation
autofs4: Clean up autofs4_free_ino()
autofs4: Clean up dentry operations
autofs4: Clean up inode operations
autofs4: Remove unused code
autofs4: Add d_manage() dentry operation
autofs4: Add d_automount() dentry operation
Remove the automount through follow_link() kludge code from pathwalk
CIFS: Use d_automount() rather than abusing follow_link()
NFS: Use d_automount() rather than abusing follow_link()
AFS: Use d_automount() rather than abusing follow_link()
Add an AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT flag to suppress terminal automount
...
Add a dentry op (d_manage) to permit a filesystem to hold a process and make it
sleep when it tries to transit away from one of that filesystem's directories
during a pathwalk. The operation is keyed off a new dentry flag
(DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT).
The filesystem is allowed to be selective about which processes it holds and
which it permits to continue on or prohibits from transiting from each flagged
directory. This will allow autofs to hold up client processes whilst letting
its userspace daemon through to maintain the directory or the stuff behind it
or mounted upon it.
The ->d_manage() dentry operation:
int (*d_manage)(struct path *path, bool mounting_here);
takes a pointer to the directory about to be transited away from and a flag
indicating whether the transit is undertaken by do_add_mount() or
do_move_mount() skipping through a pile of filesystems mounted on a mountpoint.
It should return 0 if successful and to let the process continue on its way;
-EISDIR to prohibit the caller from skipping to overmounted filesystems or
automounting, and to use this directory; or some other error code to return to
the user.
->d_manage() is called with namespace_sem writelocked if mounting_here is true
and no other locks held, so it may sleep. However, if mounting_here is true,
it may not initiate or wait for a mount or unmount upon the parameter
directory, even if the act is actually performed by userspace.
Within fs/namei.c, follow_managed() is extended to check with d_manage() first
on each managed directory, before transiting away from it or attempting to
automount upon it.
follow_down() is renamed follow_down_one() and should only be used where the
filesystem deliberately intends to avoid management steps (e.g. autofs).
A new follow_down() is added that incorporates the loop done by all other
callers of follow_down() (do_add/move_mount(), autofs and NFSD; whilst AFS, NFS
and CIFS do use it, their use is removed by converting them to use
d_automount()). The new follow_down() calls d_manage() as appropriate. It
also takes an extra parameter to indicate if it is being called from mount code
(with namespace_sem writelocked) which it passes to d_manage(). follow_down()
ignores automount points so that it can be used to mount on them.
__follow_mount_rcu() is made to abort rcu-walk mode if it hits a directory with
DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT set on the basis that we're probably going to have to
sleep. It would be possible to enter d_manage() in rcu-walk mode too, and have
that determine whether to abort or not itself. That would allow the autofs
daemon to continue on in rcu-walk mode.
Note that DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT on a directory should be cleared when it isn't
required as every tranist from that directory will cause d_manage() to be
invoked. It can always be set again when necessary.
==========================
WHAT THIS MEANS FOR AUTOFS
==========================
Autofs currently uses the lookup() inode op and the d_revalidate() dentry op to
trigger the automounting of indirect mounts, and both of these can be called
with i_mutex held.
autofs knows that the i_mutex will be held by the caller in lookup(), and so
can drop it before invoking the daemon - but this isn't so for d_revalidate(),
since the lock is only held on _some_ of the code paths that call it. This
means that autofs can't risk dropping i_mutex from its d_revalidate() function
before it calls the daemon.
The bug could manifest itself as, for example, a process that's trying to
validate an automount dentry that gets made to wait because that dentry is
expired and needs cleaning up:
mkdir S ffffffff8014e05a 0 32580 24956
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff885371fd>] :autofs4:autofs4_wait+0x674/0x897
[<ffffffff80127f7d>] avc_has_perm+0x46/0x58
[<ffffffff8009fdcf>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2e
[<ffffffff88537be6>] :autofs4:autofs4_expire_wait+0x41/0x6b
[<ffffffff88535cfc>] :autofs4:autofs4_revalidate+0x91/0x149
[<ffffffff80036d96>] __lookup_hash+0xa0/0x12f
[<ffffffff80057a2f>] lookup_create+0x46/0x80
[<ffffffff800e6e31>] sys_mkdirat+0x56/0xe4
versus the automount daemon which wants to remove that dentry, but can't
because the normal process is holding the i_mutex lock:
automount D ffffffff8014e05a 0 32581 1 32561
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff80063c3f>] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x60/0x9b
[<ffffffff8000ccf1>] do_path_lookup+0x2ca/0x2f1
[<ffffffff80063c89>] .text.lock.mutex+0xf/0x14
[<ffffffff800e6d55>] do_rmdir+0x77/0xde
[<ffffffff8005d229>] tracesys+0x71/0xe0
[<ffffffff8005d28d>] tracesys+0xd5/0xe0
which means that the system is deadlocked.
This patch allows autofs to hold up normal processes whilst the daemon goes
ahead and does things to the dentry tree behind the automouter point without
risking a deadlock as almost no locks are held in d_manage() and none in
d_automount().
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Was-Acked-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* 'for-2.6.38' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (62 commits)
nfsd4: fix callback restarting
nfsd: break lease on unlink, link, and rename
nfsd4: break lease on nfsd setattr
nfsd: don't support msnfs export option
nfsd4: initialize cb_per_client
nfsd4: allow restarting callbacks
nfsd4: simplify nfsd4_cb_prepare
nfsd4: give out delegations more quickly in 4.1 case
nfsd4: add helper function to run callbacks
nfsd4: make sure sequence flags are set after destroy_session
nfsd4: re-probe callback on connection loss
nfsd4: set sequence flag when backchannel is down
nfsd4: keep finer-grained callback status
rpc: allow xprt_class->setup to return a preexisting xprt
rpc: keep backchannel xprt as long as server connection
rpc: move sk_bc_xprt to svc_xprt
nfsd4: allow backchannel recovery
nfsd4: support BIND_CONN_TO_SESSION
nfsd4: modify session list under cl_lock
Documentation: fl_mylease no longer exists
...
Fix up conflicts in fs/nfsd/vfs.c with the vfs-scale work. The
vfs-scale work touched some msnfs cases, and this merge removes support
for that entirely, so the conflict was trivial to resolve.
We've long had these pointless #ifdef MSNFS's sprinkled throughout the
code--pointless because MSNFS is always defined (and we give no config
option to make that easy to change). So we could just remove the
ifdef's and compile the resulting code unconditionally.
But as long as we're there: why not just rip out this code entirely?
The only purpose is to implement the "msnfs" export option which turns
on Windows-like behavior in some cases, and:
- the export option isn't documented anywhere;
- the userland utilities (which would need to be able to parse
"msnfs" in an export file) don't support it;
- I don't know how to maintain this, as I don't know what the
proper behavior is; and
- google shows no evidence that anyone has ever used this.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Otherwise a callback that is aborted before it runs will result in a
list_del on an uninitialized list head.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-2.6.38/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block: (43 commits)
block: ensure that completion error gets properly traced
blktrace: add missing probe argument to block_bio_complete
block cfq: don't use atomic_t for cfq_group
block cfq: don't use atomic_t for cfq_queue
block: trace event block fix unassigned field
block: add internal hd part table references
block: fix accounting bug on cross partition merges
kref: add kref_test_and_get
bio-integrity: mark kintegrityd_wq highpri and CPU intensive
block: make kblockd_workqueue smarter
Revert "sd: implement sd_check_events()"
block: Clean up exit_io_context() source code.
Fix compile warnings due to missing removal of a 'ret' variable
fs/block: type signature of major_to_index(int) to major_to_index(unsigned)
block: convert !IS_ERR(p) && p to !IS_ERR_NOR_NULL(p)
cfq-iosched: don't check cfqg in choose_service_tree()
fs/splice: Pull buf->ops->confirm() from splice_from_pipe actors
cdrom: export cdrom_check_events()
sd: implement sd_check_events()
sr: implement sr_check_events()
...
* 'nfs-for-2.6.38' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6: (89 commits)
NFS fix the setting of exchange id flag
NFS: Don't use vm_map_ram() in readdir
NFSv4: Ensure continued open and lockowner name uniqueness
NFS: Move cl_delegations to the nfs_server struct
NFS: Introduce nfs_detach_delegations()
NFS: Move cl_state_owners and related fields to the nfs_server struct
NFS: Allow walking nfs_client.cl_superblocks list outside client.c
pnfs: layout roc code
pnfs: update nfs4_callback_recallany to handle layouts
pnfs: add CB_LAYOUTRECALL handling
pnfs: CB_LAYOUTRECALL xdr code
pnfs: change lo refcounting to atomic_t
pnfs: check that partial LAYOUTGET return is ignored
pnfs: add layout to client list before sending rpc
pnfs: serialize LAYOUTGET(openstateid)
pnfs: layoutget rpc code cleanup
pnfs: change how lsegs are removed from layout list
pnfs: change layout state seqlock to a spinlock
pnfs: add prefix to struct pnfs_layout_hdr fields
pnfs: add prefix to struct pnfs_layout_segment fields
...
If we lose the backchannel and then the client repairs the problem,
resend any callbacks.
We use a new cb_done flag to track whether there is still work to be
done for the callback or whether it can be destroyed with the rpc.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
If this loses any backchannel, make sure we have a chance to notice that
and set the sequence flags.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Distinguish between when the callback channel is known to be down, and
when it is not yet confirmed. This will be useful in the 4.1 case.
Also, we don't seem to be using the fact that this field is atomic.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Now that we have a list of connections to choose from, we can teach the
callback code to just pick a suitable connection and use that, instead
of insisting on forever using the connection that the first
create_session was sent with.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Basic xdr and processing for BIND_CONN_TO_SESSION. This adds a
connection to the list of connections associated with a session.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
* 'for-2.6.38' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq: (33 commits)
usb: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
speedtch: don't abuse struct delayed_work
media/video: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
media/video: explicitly flush request_module work
ioc4: use static work_struct for ioc4_load_modules()
init: don't call flush_scheduled_work() from do_initcalls()
s390: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
rtc: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
mmc: update workqueue usages
mfd: update workqueue usages
dvb: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
leds-wm8350: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
mISDN: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
macintosh/ams: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
vmwgfx: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
tpm: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
sonypi: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
hvsi: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
xen: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
gdrom: don't use flush_scheduled_work()
...
Fixed up trivial conflict in drivers/media/video/bt8xx/bttv-input.c
as per Tejun.
Make d_count non-atomic and protect it with d_lock. This allows us to ensure a
0 refcount dentry remains 0 without dcache_lock. It is also fairly natural when
we start protecting many other dentry members with d_lock.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
when callback is generated in NFSv4 server, it doesn't set the source
address. When an alias IP is utilized on NFSv4 server and suppose the
client is accessing via that alias IP (e.g. eth0:0), the client invokes
the callback to the IP address that is set on the original device (e.g.
eth0). This behavior results in timeout of xprt.
The patch sets the IP address that the client should invoke callback to.
Signed-off-by: Takuma Umeya <tumeya@redhat.com>
[bfields@redhat.com: Simplify gen_callback arguments, use helper function]
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
According to rfc 3530 BADNAME is for strings that represent paths;
BADOWNER is for user/group names that don't map.
And the too-long name should probably be BADOWNER as well; it's
effectively the same as if we couldn't map it.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Reported-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Reported-by: Simon Kirby <sim@hostway.ca>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The nfs server only supports read delegations for now, so we don't care
how conflicts are determined. All we care is that unlocks are
recognized as matching the leases they are meant to remove. After the
last patch, a comparison of struct files will work for that purpose. So
we no longer need this callback.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
When we converted to sharing struct filess between nfs4 opens I went too
far and also used the same mechanism for delegations. But keeping
a reference to the struct file ensures it will outlast the lease, and
allows us to remove the lease with the same file as we added it.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
nfsd controls the lifetime of the lease, not the lock code, so there's
no need for this callback on lease destruction.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
We no longer need this.
Also, EWOULDBLOCK is generally a synonym for EAGAIN, but that may not be
true on all architectures, so map it as well.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Currently we use -EAGAIN returns to determine when to drop a deferred
request. On its own, that is error-prone, as it makes us treat -EAGAIN
returns from other functions specially to prevent inadvertent dropping.
So, use a flag on the request instead.
Returning an error on request deferral is still required, to prevent
further processing, but we no longer need worry that an error return on
its own could result in a drop.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
We never want to drop a request if we could return a JUKEBOX/DELAY error
instead; so, convert to nfserr_jukebox and let nfsd_dispatch() convert
that to a dropit error as a last resort if JUKEBOX/DELAY is unavailable
(as in the NFSv2 case).
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
setup_callback_client(), nfsd4_release_cb() and nfsd4_process_cb_update()
do not have users outside the translation unit. Let's declare it as
static.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
The secinfo_no_name code oopses on encoding with
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 00000044
IP: [<e2bd239a>] nfsd4_encode_secinfo+0x1c/0x1c1 [nfsd]
We should implement a nfsd4_encode_secinfo_no_name() instead using
nfsd4_encode_secinfo().
Signed-off-by: Mi Jinlong <mijinlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Commit a8adbe3 forgot to remove the return variable, kill it.
drivers/block/loop.c: In function 'lo_splice_actor':
drivers/block/loop.c:398: warning: unused variable 'ret'
[...]
fs/nfsd/vfs.c: In function 'nfsd_splice_actor':
fs/nfsd/vfs.c:848: warning: unused variable 'ret'
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
See the referenced spec language; an attempt by a 4.1 client to use the
current filehandle after a secinfo call should result in a NOFILEHANDLE
error.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
these pieces of code only make sense when CONFIG_NFSD_DEPRECATED enabled
Signed-off-by: Jovi Zhang <bookjovi@gmail.com>
fs/nfsd/nfsctl.c | 2 ++
1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Instead of failing to find client entries which don't match the
minorversion, we should be finding them, then either erroring out or
expiring them as appropriate.
This also fixes a problem which would cause the 4.1 server to fail to
recognize clients after a second reboot.
Reported-by: Casey Bodley <cbodley@citi.umich.edu>
Reviewed-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
This patch pulls calls to buf->ops->confirm() from all actors passed
(also indirectly) to splice_from_pipe_feed().
Is avoiding the call to buf->ops->confirm() while splice()ing to
/dev/null is an intentional optimization? No other user does that
and this will remove this special case.
Against current linux.git 6313e3c217.
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Now that all client-side XDR decoder routines use xdr_streams, there
should be no need to support the legacy calling sequence [rpc_rqst *,
__be32 *, RPC res *] anywhere. We can construct an xdr_stream in the
generic RPC code, instead of in each decoder function.
This is a refactoring change. It should not cause different behavior.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Tested-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
J. Bruce Fields
Boaz Harrosh
Bernd Schubert
Linus Torvalds
Casey Bodley
Al Viro
Mi Jinlong
Bryan Schumaker
NeilBrown
Benny Halevy
Randy Dunlap
Daniel Mack
Justin P. Mattock
Andy Adamson
Sachin Prabhu
OGAWA Hirofumi
Lucas De Marchi
roel
Kevin Coffman
Jesper Juhl
Shan Wei
Benny Halevy
Konstantin Khorenko
David Howells
J. Bruce Fields
Nick Piggin
Takuma Umeya
Kirill A. Shutemov
Jens Axboe
bookjovi@gmail.com
Michał Mirosław
Chuck Lever