Long long ago the kernel log buffer was a buffered stream of bytes, very
much like stdio in user space. It supported log levels by scanning the
stream and noticing the log level markers at the beginning of each line,
but if you wanted to print a partial line in multiple chunks, you just
did multiple printk() calls, and it just automatically worked.
Except when it didn't, and you had very confusing output when different
lines got all mixed up with each other. Then you got fragment lines
mixing with each other, or with non-fragment lines, because it was
traditionally impossible to tell whether a printk() call was a
continuation or not.
To at least help clarify the issue of continuation lines, we added a
KERN_CONT marker back in 2007 to mark continuation lines:
4749252776 ("printk: add KERN_CONT annotation").
That continuation marker was initially an empty string, and didn't
actuall make any semantic difference. But it at least made it possible
to annotate the source code, and have check-patch notice that a printk()
didn't need or want a log level marker, because it was a continuation of
a previous line.
To avoid the ambiguity between a continuation line that had that
KERN_CONT marker, and a printk with no level information at all, we then
in 2009 made KERN_CONT be a real log level marker which meant that we
could now reliably tell the difference between the two cases.
5fd29d6ccb ("printk: clean up handling of log-levels and newlines")
and we could take advantage of that to make sure we didn't mix up
continuation lines with lines that just didn't have any loglevel at all.
Then, in 2012, the kernel log buffer was changed to be a "record" based
log, where each line was a record that has a loglevel and a timestamp.
You can see the beginning of that conversion in commits
e11fea92e1 ("kmsg: export printk records to the /dev/kmsg interface")
7ff9554bb5 ("printk: convert byte-buffer to variable-length record buffer")
with a number of follow-up commits to fix some painful fallout from that
conversion. Over all, it took a couple of months to sort out most of
it. But the upside was that you could have concurrent readers (and
writers) of the kernel log and not have lines with mixed output in them.
And one particular pain-point for the record-based kernel logging was
exactly the fragmentary lines that are generated in smaller chunks. In
order to still log them as one recrod, the continuation lines need to be
attached to the previous record properly.
However the explicit continuation record marker that is actually useful
for this exact case was actually removed in aroundm the same time by commit
61e99ab8e3 ("printk: remove the now unnecessary "C" annotation for KERN_CONT")
due to the incorrect belief that KERN_CONT wasn't meaningful. The
ambiguity between "is this a continuation line" or "is this a plain
printk with no log level information" was reintroduced, and in fact
became an even bigger pain point because there was now the whole
record-level merging of kernel messages going on.
This patch reinstates the KERN_CONT as a real non-empty string marker,
so that the ambiguity is fixed once again.
But it's not a plain revert of that original removal: in the four years
since we made KERN_CONT an empty string again, not only has the format
of the log level markers changed, we've also had some usage changes in
this area.
For example, some ACPI code seems to use KERN_CONT _together_ with a log
level, and now uses both the KERN_CONT marker and (for example) a
KERN_INFO marker to show that it's an informational continuation of a
line.
Which is actually not a bad idea - if the continuation line cannot be
attached to its predecessor, without the log level information we don't
know what log level to assign to it (and we traditionally just assigned
it the default loglevel). So having both a log level and the KERN_CONT
marker is not necessarily a bad idea, but it does mean that we need to
actually iterate over potentially multiple markers, rather than just a
single one.
Also, since KERN_CONT was still conceptually needed, and encouraged, but
didn't actually _do_ anything, we've also had the reverse problem:
rather than having too many annotations it has too few, and there is bit
rot with code that no longer marks the continuation lines with the
KERN_CONT marker.
So this patch not only re-instates the non-empty KERN_CONT marker, it
also fixes up the cases of bit-rot I noticed in my own logs.
There are probably other cases where KERN_CONT will be needed to be
added, either because it is new code that never dealt with the need for
KERN_CONT, or old code that has bitrotted without anybody noticing.
That said, we should strive to avoid the need for KERN_CONT. It does
result in real problems for logging, and should generally not be seen as
a good feature. If we some day can get rid of the feature entirely,
because nobody does any fragmented printk calls, that would be lovely.
But until that point, let's at mark the code that relies on the hacky
multi-fragment kernel printk's. Not only does it avoid the ambiguity,
it also annotates code as "maybe this would be good to fix some day".
(That said, particularly during single-threaded bootup, the downsides of
KERN_CONT are very limited. Things get much hairier when you have
multiple threads going on and user level reading and writing logs too).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If a device tree specifies a preferred device for kernel console output
via the stdout-path or linux,stdout-path chosen node properties or the
stdout alias then the kernel ought to honor it & output the kernel
console to that device. As it stands, this isn't the case. Whilst we
parse the stdout-path properties & set an of_stdout variable from
of_alias_scan(), and use that from of_console_check() to determine
whether to add a console device as a preferred console whilst
registering it, we also prefer the first registered console if no other
has been selected at the time of its registration.
This means that if a console other than the one the device tree selects
via stdout-path is registered first, we will switch to using it & when
the stdout-path console is later registered the call to
add_preferred_console() via of_console_check() is too late to do
anything useful. In practice this seems to mean that we switch to the
dummy console device fairly early & see no further console output:
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [tty0] enabled
bootconsole [ns16550a0] disabled
Fix this by not automatically preferring the first registered console if
one is specified by the device tree. This allows consoles to be
registered but not enabled, and once the driver for the console selected
by stdout-path calls of_console_check() the driver will be added to the
list of preferred consoles before any other console has been enabled.
When that console is then registered via register_console() it will be
enabled as expected.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160809151937.26118-1-paul.burton@imgtec.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Ivan Delalande <colona@arista.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit 874f9c7da9.
Geert Uytterhoeven reports:
"This change seems to have an (unintendent?) side-effect.
Before, pr_*() calls without a trailing newline characters would be
printed with a newline character appended, both on the console and in
the output of the dmesg command.
After this commit, no new line character is appended, and the output
of the next pr_*() call of the same type may be appended, like in:
- Truncating RAM at 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000c0000000 to -0x0000000070000000
- Ignoring RAM at 0x0000000200000000-0x0000000240000000 (!CONFIG_HIGHMEM)
+ Truncating RAM at 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000c0000000 to -0x0000000070000000Ignoring RAM at 0x0000000200000000-0x0000000240000000 (!CONFIG_HIGHMEM)"
Joe Perches says:
"No, that is not intentional.
The newline handling code inside vprintk_emit is a bit involved and
for now I suggest a revert until this has all the same behavior as
earlier"
Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Requested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit 874f9c7da9 ("printk: create pr_<level> functions"), new
pr_level defines were added to printk.c.
These new defines are guarded by an #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK - however,
there is already a surrounding #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK starting a lot
earlier in line 249 which means the newly introduced #ifdef is
unnecessary.
Let's remove it to avoid confusion.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Ziegler <andreas.ziegler@fau.de>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a "printk.devkmsg" kernel command line parameter which controls how
userspace writes into /dev/kmsg. It has three options:
* ratelimit - ratelimit logging from userspace.
* on - unlimited logging from userspace
* off - logging from userspace gets ignored
The default setting is to ratelimit the messages written to it.
This changes the kernel default setting of "on" to "ratelimit" and we do
that because we want to keep userspace spamming /dev/kmsg to sane
levels. This is especially moot when a small kernel log buffer wraps
around and messages get lost. So the ratelimiting setting should be a
sane setting where kernel messages should have a bit higher chance of
survival from all the spamming.
It additionally does not limit logging to /dev/kmsg while the system is
booting if we haven't disabled it on the command line.
Furthermore, we can control the logging from a lower priority sysctl
interface - kernel.printk_devkmsg.
That interface will succeed only if printk.devkmsg *hasn't* been
supplied on the command line. If it has, then printk.devkmsg is a
one-time setting which remains for the duration of the system lifetime.
This "locking" of the setting is to prevent userspace from changing the
logging on us through sysctl(2).
This patch is based on previous patches from Linus and Steven.
[bp@suse.de: fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160719072344.GC25563@nazgul.tnic
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160716061745.15795-3-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Franck Bui <fbui@suse.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
asm-generic headers are generic implementations for architecture
specific code and should not be included by common code. Thus use the
asm/ version of sections.h to get at the linker sections.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468285008-7331-1-git-send-email-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Messages' levels and console log level are inspected when the actual
printing occurs, which may provoke console_unlock() and
console_cont_flush() to waste CPU cycles on every message that has
loglevel above the current console_loglevel.
Schematically, console_unlock() does the following:
console_unlock()
{
...
for (;;) {
...
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&logbuf_lock, flags);
skip:
msg = log_from_idx(console_idx);
if (msg->flags & LOG_NOCONS) {
...
goto skip;
}
level = msg->level;
len += msg_print_text(); >> sprintfs
memcpy,
etc.
if (nr_ext_console_drivers) {
ext_len = msg_print_ext_header(); >> scnprintf
ext_len += msg_print_ext_body(); >> scnprintfs
etc.
}
...
raw_spin_unlock(&logbuf_lock);
call_console_drivers(level, ext_text, ext_len, text, len)
{
if (level >= console_loglevel && >> drop the message
!ignore_loglevel)
return;
console->write(...);
}
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
...
}
The thing here is this deferred `level >= console_loglevel' check. We
are wasting CPU cycles on sprintfs/memcpy/etc. preparing the messages
that we will eventually drop.
This can be huge when we register a new CON_PRINTBUFFER console, for
instance. For every such a console register_console() resets the
console_seq, console_idx, console_prev
and sets a `exclusive console' pointer to replay the log buffer to that
just-registered console. And there can be a lot of messages to replay,
in the worst case most of which can be dropped after console_loglevel
test.
We know messages' levels long before we call msg_print_text() and
friends, so we can just move console_loglevel check out of
call_console_drivers() and format a new message only if we are sure that
it won't be dropped.
The patch factors out loglevel check into suppress_message_printing()
function and tests message->level and console_loglevel before formatting
functions in console_unlock() and console_cont_flush() are getting
executed. This improves things not only for exclusive CON_PRINTBUFFER
consoles, but for every console_unlock() that attempts to print a
message of level above the console_loglevel.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160627135012.8229-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Using functions instead of macros can reduce overall code size by
eliminating unnecessary "KERN_SOH<digit>" prefixes from format strings.
defconfig x86-64:
$ size vmlinux*
text data bss dec hex filename
10193570 4331464 1105920 15630954 ee826a vmlinux.new
10192623 4335560 1105920 15634103 ee8eb7 vmlinux.old
As the return value are unimportant and unused in the kernel tree, these
new functions return void.
Miscellanea:
- change pr_<level> macros to call new __pr_<level> functions
- change vprintk_nmi and vprintk_default to add LOGLEVEL_<level> argument
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix LOGLEVEL_INFO, per Joe]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e16cc34479dfefcae37c98b481e6646f0f69efc3.1466718827.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A trivial cosmetic change: interrupt.h header is redundant since commit
6b898c07cb ("console: use might_sleep in console_lock").
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160620132847.21930-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We currently show:
task: <current> ti: <current_thread_info()> task.ti: <task_thread_info(current)>"
"ti" and "task.ti" are redundant, and neither is actually what we want
to show, which the the base of the thread stack. Change the display to
show the stack pointer explicitly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/543ac5bd66ff94000a57a02e11af7239571a3055.1468523549.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In NMI context, printk() messages are stored into per-CPU buffers to
avoid a possible deadlock. They are normally flushed to the main ring
buffer via an IRQ work. But the work is never called when the system
calls panic() in the very same NMI handler.
This patch tries to flush NMI buffers before the crash dump is
generated. In this case it does not risk a double release and bails out
when the logbuf_lock is already taken. The aim is to get the messages
into the main ring buffer when possible. It makes them better
accessible in the vmcore.
Then the patch tries to flush the buffers second time when other CPUs
are down. It might be more aggressive and reset logbuf_lock. The aim
is to get the messages available for the consequent kmsg_dump() and
console_flush_on_panic() calls.
The patch causes vprintk_emit() to be called even in NMI context again.
But it is done via printk_deferred() so that the console handling is
skipped. Consoles use internal locks and we could not prevent a
deadlock easily. They are explicitly called later when the crash dump
is not generated, see console_flush_on_panic().
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We could not resize the temporary buffer in NMI context. Let's warn if
a message is lost.
This is rather theoretical. printk() should not be used in NMI. The
only sensible use is when we want to print backtrace from all CPUs. The
current buffer should be enough for this purpose.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: whitespace fixlet]
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
printk() takes some locks and could not be used a safe way in NMI
context.
The chance of a deadlock is real especially when printing stacks from
all CPUs. This particular problem has been addressed on x86 by the
commit a9edc88093 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all
CPUs").
The patchset brings two big advantages. First, it makes the NMI
backtraces safe on all architectures for free. Second, it makes all NMI
messages almost safe on all architectures (the temporary buffer is
limited. We still should keep the number of messages in NMI context at
minimum).
Note that there already are several messages printed in NMI context:
WARN_ON(in_nmi()), BUG_ON(in_nmi()), anything being printed out from MCE
handlers. These are not easy to avoid.
This patch reuses most of the code and makes it generic. It is useful
for all messages and architectures that support NMI.
The alternative printk_func is set when entering and is reseted when
leaving NMI context. It queues IRQ work to copy the messages into the
main ring buffer in a safe context.
__printk_nmi_flush() copies all available messages and reset the buffer.
Then we could use a simple cmpxchg operations to get synchronized with
writers. There is also used a spinlock to get synchronized with other
flushers.
We do not longer use seq_buf because it depends on external lock. It
would be hard to make all supported operations safe for a lockless use.
It would be confusing and error prone to make only some operations safe.
The code is put into separate printk/nmi.c as suggested by Steven
Rostedt. It needs a per-CPU buffer and is compiled only on
architectures that call nmi_enter(). This is achieved by the new
HAVE_NMI Kconfig flag.
The are MN10300 and Xtensa architectures. We need to clean up NMI
handling there first. Let's do it separately.
The patch is heavily based on the draft from Peter Zijlstra, see
https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/10/327
[arnd@arndb.de: printk-nmi: use %zu format string for size_t]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: min_t->min - all types are size_t here]
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk> [arm part]
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows us to extract from the vmcore only the messages emitted
since the last time the ring buffer was cleared. We just have to make
sure its value is always up-to-date, when old messages are discarded to
free space in log_make_free_space() for example.
Signed-off-by: Zeyu Zhao <zzy8200@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ivan Delalande <colona@arista.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
have_callable_console() must also test CON_ENABLED bit, not just
CON_ANYTIME. We may have disabled CON_ANYTIME console so printk can
wrongly assume that it's safe to call_console_drivers().
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
console_unlock() allows to cond_resched() if its caller has set
`console_may_schedule' to 1, since 8d91f8b153 ("printk: do
cond_resched() between lines while outputting to consoles").
The rules are:
-- console_lock() always sets `console_may_schedule' to 1
-- console_trylock() always sets `console_may_schedule' to 0
However, console_trylock() callers (among them is printk()) do not
always call printk() from atomic contexts, and some of them can
cond_resched() in console_unlock(), so console_trylock() can set
`console_may_schedule' to 1 for such processes.
For !CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT kernels, however, console_trylock() always
sets `console_may_schedule' to 0.
It's possible to drop explicit preempt_disable()/preempt_enable() in
vprintk_emit(), because console_unlock() and console_trylock() are now
smart enough:
a) console_unlock() does not cond_resched() when it's unsafe
(console_trylock() takes care of that)
b) console_unlock() does can_use_console() check.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
console_unlock() allows to cond_resched() if its caller has set
`console_may_schedule' to 1 (this functionality is present since
8d91f8b153 ("printk: do cond_resched() between lines while outputting
to consoles").
The rules are:
-- console_lock() always sets `console_may_schedule' to 1
-- console_trylock() always sets `console_may_schedule' to 0
printk() calls console_unlock() with preemption desabled, which
basically can lead to RCU stalls, watchdog soft lockups, etc. if
something is simultaneously calling printk() frequent enough (IOW,
console_sem owner always has new data to send to console divers and
can't leave console_unlock() for a long time).
printk()->console_trylock() callers do not necessarily execute in atomic
contexts, and some of them can cond_resched() in console_unlock().
console_trylock() can set `console_may_schedule' to 1 (allow
cond_resched() later in consoe_unlock()) when it's safe.
This patch (of 3):
vprintk_emit() disables preemption around console_trylock_for_printk()
and console_unlock() calls for a strong reason -- can_use_console()
check. The thing is that vprintl_emit() can be called on a CPU that is
not fully brought up yet (!cpu_online()), which potentially can cause
problems if console driver wants to access per-cpu data. A console
driver can explicitly state that it's safe to call it from !online cpu
by setting CON_ANYTIME bit in console ->flags. That's why for
!cpu_online() can_use_console() iterates all the console to find out if
there is a CON_ANYTIME console, otherwise console_unlock() must be
avoided.
can_use_console() ensures that console_unlock() call is safe in
vprintk_emit() only; console_lock() and console_trylock() are not
covered by this check. Even though call_console_drivers(), invoked from
console_cont_flush() and console_unlock(), tests `!cpu_online() &&
CON_ANYTIME' for_each_console(), it may be too late, which can result in
messages loss.
Assume that we have 2 cpus -- CPU0 is online, CPU1 is !online, and no
CON_ANYTIME consoles available.
CPU0 online CPU1 !online
console_trylock()
...
console_unlock()
console_cont_flush
spin_lock logbuf_lock
if (!cont.len) {
spin_unlock logbuf_lock
return
}
for (;;) {
vprintk_emit
spin_lock logbuf_lock
log_store
spin_unlock logbuf_lock
spin_lock logbuf_lock
!console_trylock_for_printk msg_print_text
return console_idx = log_next()
console_seq++
console_prev = msg->flags
spin_unlock logbuf_lock
call_console_drivers()
for_each_console(con) {
if (!cpu_online() &&
!(con->flags & CON_ANYTIME))
continue;
}
/*
* no message printed, we lost it
*/
vprintk_emit
spin_lock logbuf_lock
log_store
spin_unlock logbuf_lock
!console_trylock_for_printk
return
/*
* go to the beginning of the loop,
* find out there are new messages,
* lose it
*/
}
console_trylock()/console_lock() call on CPU1 may come from cpu
notifiers registered on that CPU. Since notifiers are not getting
unregistered when CPU is going DOWN, all of the notifiers receive
notifications during CPU UP. For example, on my x86_64, I see around 50
notification sent from offline CPU to itself
[swapper/2] from cpu:2 to:2 action:CPU_STARTING hotplug_hrtick
[swapper/2] from cpu:2 to:2 action:CPU_STARTING blk_mq_main_cpu_notify
[swapper/2] from cpu:2 to:2 action:CPU_STARTING blk_mq_queue_reinit_notify
[swapper/2] from cpu:2 to:2 action:CPU_STARTING console_cpu_notify
while doing
echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/online
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/online
So grabbing the console_sem lock while CPU is !online is possible,
in theory.
This patch moves can_use_console() check out of
console_trylock_for_printk(). Instead it calls it in console_unlock(),
so now console_lock()/console_unlock() are also 'protected' by
can_use_console(). This also means that console_trylock_for_printk() is
not really needed anymore and can be removed.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On architectures that have support for efficient unaligned access struct
printk_log has 4-byte alignment. Specify alignment attribute in type
declaration.
The whole point of this patch is to fix deadlock which happening when
UBSAN detects unaligned access in printk() thus UBSAN recursively calls
printk() with logbuf_lock held by top printk() call.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Yury Gribov <y.gribov@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
`recursion_bug' is used as recursion_bug toggle, so make it `bool'.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
@console_may_schedule tracks whether console_sem was acquired through
lock or trylock. If the former, we're inside a sleepable context and
console_conditional_schedule() performs cond_resched(). This allows
console drivers which use console_lock for synchronization to yield
while performing time-consuming operations such as scrolling.
However, the actual console outputting is performed while holding
irq-safe logbuf_lock, so console_unlock() clears @console_may_schedule
before starting outputting lines. Also, only a few drivers call
console_conditional_schedule() to begin with. This means that when a
lot of lines need to be output by console_unlock(), for example on a
console registration, the task doing console_unlock() may not yield for
a long time on a non-preemptible kernel.
If this happens with a slow console devices, for example a serial
console, the outputting task may occupy the cpu for a very long time.
Long enough to trigger softlockup and/or RCU stall warnings, which in
turn pile more messages, sometimes enough to trigger the next cycle of
warnings incapacitating the system.
Fix it by making console_unlock() insert cond_resched() between lines if
@console_may_schedule.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Calvin Owens <calvinowens@fb.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Boot consoles are typically replaced by proper consoles during the boot
process. This can be problematic if the boot console data is part of
the init section that is reclaimed late during boot. If the proper
console does not register before this point in time, the boot console
will need to be removed (so that the freed memory is not accessed),
leaving the system without output for some time.
There are various reasons why the proper console may not register early
enough, such as deferred probe or the driver being a loadable module.
If that happens, there is some amount of time where no console messages
are visible to the user, which in turn can mean that they won't see
crashes or other potentially useful information.
To avoid this situation, only remove the boot console when it resides in
the init section. Code exists to replace the boot console by the proper
console when it is registered, keeping a seamless transition between the
boot and proper consoles.
Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The following statement of ABI/testing/dev-kmsg is not quite right:
It is not possible to inject messages from userspace with the
facility number LOG_KERN (0), to make sure that the origin of the
messages can always be reliably determined.
Userland actually can inject messages with a facility of 0 by abusing the
fact that the facility is stored in a u8 data type. By using a facility
which is a multiple of 256 the assignment of msg->facility in log_store()
implicitly truncates it to 0, i.e. LOG_KERN, allowing users of /dev/kmsg
to spoof kernel messages as shown below:
The following call...
# printf '<%d>Kernel panic - not syncing: beer empty\n' 0 >/dev/kmsg
...leads to the following log entry (dmesg -x | tail -n 1):
user :emerg : [ 66.137758] Kernel panic - not syncing: beer empty
However, this call...
# printf '<%d>Kernel panic - not syncing: beer empty\n' 0x800 >/dev/kmsg
...leads to the slightly different log entry (note the kernel facility):
kern :emerg : [ 74.177343] Kernel panic - not syncing: beer empty
Fix that by limiting the user provided facility to 8 bit right from the
beginning and catch the truncation early.
Fixes: 7ff9554bb5 ("printk: convert byte-buffer to variable-length...")
Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pstore doesn't support unregistering yet. It was marked as TODO.
This patch adds some code to fix it:
1) Add functions to unregister kmsg/console/ftrace/pmsg.
2) Add a function to free compression buffer.
3) Unmap the memory and free it.
4) Add a function to unregister pstore filesystem.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
[Removed __exit annotation from ramoops_remove(). Reported by Arnd Bergmann]
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
There are two kexec load syscalls, kexec_load another and kexec_file_load.
kexec_file_load has been splited as kernel/kexec_file.c. In this patch I
split kexec_load syscall code to kernel/kexec.c.
And add a new kconfig option KEXEC_CORE, so we can disable kexec_load and
use kexec_file_load only, or vice verse.
The original requirement is from Ted Ts'o, he want kexec kernel signature
being checked with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled. But kexec-tools use
kexec_load syscall can bypass the checking.
Vivek Goyal proposed to create a common kconfig option so user can compile
in only one syscall for loading kexec kernel. KEXEC/KEXEC_FILE selects
KEXEC_CORE so that old config files still work.
Because there's general code need CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE, so I updated all the
architecture Kconfig with a new option KEXEC_CORE, and let KEXEC selects
KEXEC_CORE in arch Kconfig. Also updated general kernel code with to
kexec_load syscall.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The comment about /dev/kmsg does not mention the additional values which
may actually be exported, fix that.
Also move up the part of the comment instructing the users to ignore these
additional values, this way the reading is more fluent and logically
compact.
Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch fixes drawbacks in heck_syslog_permissions() noticed by AKPM:
"from_file handling makes me cry.
That's not a boolean - it's an enumerated value with two values
currently defined.
But the code in check_syslog_permissions() treats it as a boolean and
also hardwires the knowledge that SYSLOG_FROM_PROC == 1 (or == `true`).
And the name is wrong: it should be called from_proc to match
SYSLOG_FROM_PROC."
Signed-off-by: Vasily Averin <vvs@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The final version of commit 637241a900 ("kmsg: honor dmesg_restrict
sysctl on /dev/kmsg") lost few hooks, as result security_syslog() are
processed incorrectly:
- open of /dev/kmsg checks syslog access permissions by using
check_syslog_permissions() where security_syslog() is not called if
dmesg_restrict is set.
- syslog syscall and /proc/kmsg calls do_syslog() where security_syslog
can be executed twice (inside check_syslog_permissions() and then
directly in do_syslog())
With this patch security_syslog() is called once only in all
syslog-related operations regardless of dmesg_restrict value.
Fixes: 637241a900 ("kmsg: honor dmesg_restrict sysctl on /dev/kmsg")
Signed-off-by: Vasily Averin <vvs@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
printk log_buf keeps various metadata for each message including its
sequence number and timestamp. The metadata is currently available only
through /dev/kmsg and stripped out before passed onto console drivers. We
want this metadata to be available to console drivers too so that console
consumers can get full information including the metadata and dictionary,
which among other things can be used to detect whether messages got lost
in transit.
This patch implements support for extended console drivers. Consoles can
indicate that they want extended messages by setting the new CON_EXTENDED
flag and they'll be fed messages formatted the same way as /dev/kmsg.
"<level>,<sequnum>,<timestamp>,<contflag>;<message text>\n"
If extended consoles exist, in-kernel fragment assembly is disabled. This
ensures that all messages emitted to consoles have full metadata including
sequence number. The contflag carries enough information to reassemble
the fragments from the reader side trivially. Note that this only affects
/dev/kmsg. Regular console and /proc/kmsg outputs are not affected by
this change.
* Extended message formatting for console drivers is enabled iff there
are registered extended consoles.
* Comment describing /dev/kmsg message format updated to add missing
contflag field and help distinguishing variable from verbatim terms.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The extended message formatting used for /dev/kmsg will be used implement
extended consoles. Factor out msg_print_ext_header() and
msg_print_ext_body() from devkmsg_read().
This is pure restructuring.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patchset updates netconsole so that it can emit messages with the
same header as used in /dev/kmsg which gives neconsole receiver full log
information which enables things like structured logging and detection
of lost messages.
This patch (of 7):
devkmsg_read() uses 8k buffer and assumes that the formatted output
message won't overrun which seems safe given LOG_LINE_MAX, the current use
of dict and the escaping method being used; however, we're planning to use
devkmsg formatting wider and accounting for the buffer size properly isn't
that complicated.
This patch defines CONSOLE_EXT_LOG_MAX as 8192 and updates devkmsg_read()
so that it limits output accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Here's the big tty/serial driver update for 4.1-rc1.
It was delayed for a bit due to some questions surrounding some of the
console command line parsing changes that are in here. There's still
one tiny regression for people who were previously putting multiple
console command lines and expecting them all to be ignored for some odd
reason, but Peter is working on fixing that. If not, I'll send a revert
for the offending patch, but I have faith that Peter can address it.
Other than the console work here, there's the usual serial driver
updates and changes, and a buch of 8250 reworks to try to make that
driver easier to maintain over time, and have it support more devices in
the future.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'tty-4.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull tty/serial updates from Greg KH:
"Here's the big tty/serial driver update for 4.1-rc1.
It was delayed for a bit due to some questions surrounding some of the
console command line parsing changes that are in here. There's still
one tiny regression for people who were previously putting multiple
console command lines and expecting them all to be ignored for some
odd reason, but Peter is working on fixing that. If not, I'll send a
revert for the offending patch, but I have faith that Peter can
address it.
Other than the console work here, there's the usual serial driver
updates and changes, and a buch of 8250 reworks to try to make that
driver easier to maintain over time, and have it support more devices
in the future.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while"
* tag 'tty-4.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (119 commits)
n_gsm: Drop unneeded cast on netdev_priv
sc16is7xx: expose RTS inversion in RS-485 mode
serial: 8250_pci: port failed after wakeup from S3
earlycon: 8250: Document kernel command line options
earlycon: 8250: Fix command line regression
earlycon: Fix __earlycon_table stride
tty: clean up the tty time logic a bit
serial: 8250_dw: only get the clock rate in one place
serial: 8250_dw: remove useless ACPI ID check
dmaengine: hsu: move memory allocation to GFP_NOWAIT
dmaengine: hsu: remove redundant pieces of code
serial: 8250_pci: add Intel Tangier support
dmaengine: hsu: add Intel Tangier PCI ID
serial: 8250_pci: replace switch-case by formula for Intel MID
serial: 8250_pci: replace switch-case by formula
tty: cpm_uart: replace CONFIG_8xx by CONFIG_CPM1
serial: jsm: some off by one bugs
serial: xuartps: Fix check in console_setup().
serial: xuartps: Get rid of register access macros.
serial: xuartps: Fix iobase use.
...
Add match() method to struct console which allows the console to
perform console command line matching instead of (or in addition to)
default console matching (ie., by fixed name and index).
The match() method returns 0 to indicate a successful match; normal
console matching occurs if no match() method is defined or the
match() method returns non-zero. The match() method is expected to set
the console index if required.
Re-implement earlycon-to-console-handoff with direct matching of
"console=uart|uart8250,..." to the 8250 ttyS console.
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
struct kiocb now is a generic I/O container, so move it to fs.h.
Also do a #include diet for aio.h while we're at it.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
There is no need to pass the total request length in the kiocb, as
we already get passed in through the iov_iter argument.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Before register_console() calls the setup() method of the matched
console, the registering console index is already equal to the index
from the console command line; ie. newcon->index == c->index.
This change is also required to support extensible console matching;
(the command line index may have no relation to the console index
assigned by the console-defined match() function).
Signed-off-by: Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 6ae9200f2c ("enlarge console.name") increased the storage
for the console name to 16 bytes, but not the corresponding
struct console_cmdline::name storage. Console names longer than
8 bytes cause read beyond end-of-string and failure to match
console; I'm not sure if there are other unexpected consequences.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 2.6.22+
Signed-off-by: Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
* KDB: improved searching
* No longer enter debug core on panic if panic timeout is set
KGDB/KDB regressions / cleanups
* fix pdf doc build errors
* prevent junk characters on kdb console from printk levels
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Merge tag 'for_linux-3.20-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jwessel/kgdb
Pull kgdb/kdb updates from Jason Wessel:
"KGDB/KDB New:
- KDB: improved searching
- No longer enter debug core on panic if panic timeout is set
KGDB/KDB regressions / cleanups
- fix pdf doc build errors
- prevent junk characters on kdb console from printk levels"
* tag 'for_linux-3.20-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jwessel/kgdb:
kgdb, docs: Fix <para> pdfdocs build errors
debug: prevent entering debug mode on panic/exception.
kdb: Const qualifier for kdb_getstr's prompt argument
kdb: Provide forward search at more prompt
kdb: Fix a prompt management bug when using | grep
kdb: Remove stack dump when entering kgdb due to NMI
kdb: Avoid printing KERN_ levels to consoles
kdb: Fix off by one error in kdb_cpu()
kdb: fix incorrect counts in KDB summary command output
Currently when kdb traps printk messages then the raw log level prefix
(consisting of '\001' followed by a numeral) does not get stripped off
before the message is issued to the various I/O handlers supported by
kdb. This causes annoying visual noise as well as causing problems
grepping for ^. It is also a change of behaviour compared to normal usage
of printk() usage. For example <SysRq>-h ends up with different output to
that of kdb's "sr h".
This patch addresses the problem by stripping log levels from messages
before they are issued to the I/O handlers. printk() which can also
act as an i/o handler in some cases is special cased; if the caller
provided a log level then the prefix will be preserved when sent to
printk().
The addition of non-printable characters to the output of kdb commands is a
regression, albeit and extremely elderly one, introduced by commit
04d2c8c83d ("printk: convert the format for KERN_<LEVEL> to a 2 byte
pattern"). Note also that this patch does *not* restore the original
behaviour from v3.5. Instead it makes printk() from within a kdb command
display the message without any prefix (i.e. like printk() normally does).
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Neaten the MODULE_PARAM_DESC message.
Use 30 seconds in the comment for the zap console locks timeout.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
clean ups from that branch.
This code solves the issue of performing stack dumps from NMI context.
The issue is that printk() is not safe from NMI context as if the NMI
were to trigger when a printk() was being performed, the NMI could
deadlock from the printk() internal locks. This has been seen in practice.
With lots of review from Petr Mladek, this code went through several
iterations, and we feel that it is now at a point of quality to be
accepted into mainline.
Here's what is contained in this patch set:
o Creates a "seq_buf" generic buffer utility that allows a descriptor
to be passed around where functions can write their own "printk()"
formatted strings into it. The generic version was pulled out of
the trace_seq() code that was made specifically for tracing.
o The seq_buf code was change to model the seq_file code. I have
a patch (not included for 3.19) that converts the seq_file.c code
over to use seq_buf.c like the trace_seq.c code does. This was done
to make sure that seq_buf.c is compatible with seq_file.c. I may
try to get that patch in for 3.20.
o The seq_buf.c file was moved to lib/ to remove it from being dependent
on CONFIG_TRACING.
o The printk() was updated to allow for a per_cpu "override" of
the internal calls. That is, instead of writing to the console, a call
to printk() may do something else. This made it easier to allow the
NMI to change what printk() does in order to call dump_stack() without
needing to update that code as well.
o Finally, the dump_stack from all CPUs via NMI code was converted to
use the seq_buf code. The caller to trigger the NMI code would wait
till all the NMIs finished, and then it would print the seq_buf
data to the console safely from a non NMI context.
[ Updated to remove unnecessary preempt_disable in printk() ]
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Merge tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing fixlet from Steven Rostedt:
"Remove unnecessary preempt_disable in printk()"
* tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
printk: Do not disable preemption for accessing printk_func
As printk_func will either be the default function, or a per_cpu function
for the current CPU, there's no reason to disable preemption to access
it from printk. That's because if the printk_func is not the default
then the caller had better disabled preemption as they were the one to
change it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFz5-_LKW4JHEBoWinN9_ouNcGRWAF2FUA35u46FRN-Kxw@mail.gmail.com
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
clean ups from that branch.
This code solves the issue of performing stack dumps from NMI context.
The issue is that printk() is not safe from NMI context as if the NMI
were to trigger when a printk() was being performed, the NMI could
deadlock from the printk() internal locks. This has been seen in practice.
With lots of review from Petr Mladek, this code went through several
iterations, and we feel that it is now at a point of quality to be
accepted into mainline.
Here's what is contained in this patch set:
o Creates a "seq_buf" generic buffer utility that allows a descriptor
to be passed around where functions can write their own "printk()"
formatted strings into it. The generic version was pulled out of
the trace_seq() code that was made specifically for tracing.
o The seq_buf code was change to model the seq_file code. I have
a patch (not included for 3.19) that converts the seq_file.c code
over to use seq_buf.c like the trace_seq.c code does. This was done
to make sure that seq_buf.c is compatible with seq_file.c. I may
try to get that patch in for 3.20.
o The seq_buf.c file was moved to lib/ to remove it from being dependent
on CONFIG_TRACING.
o The printk() was updated to allow for a per_cpu "override" of
the internal calls. That is, instead of writing to the console, a call
to printk() may do something else. This made it easier to allow the
NMI to change what printk() does in order to call dump_stack() without
needing to update that code as well.
o Finally, the dump_stack from all CPUs via NMI code was converted to
use the seq_buf code. The caller to trigger the NMI code would wait
till all the NMIs finished, and then it would print the seq_buf
data to the console safely from a non NMI context.
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Merge tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull nmi-safe seq_buf printk update from Steven Rostedt:
"This code is a fork from the trace-3.19 pull as it needed the
trace_seq clean ups from that branch.
This code solves the issue of performing stack dumps from NMI context.
The issue is that printk() is not safe from NMI context as if the NMI
were to trigger when a printk() was being performed, the NMI could
deadlock from the printk() internal locks. This has been seen in
practice.
With lots of review from Petr Mladek, this code went through several
iterations, and we feel that it is now at a point of quality to be
accepted into mainline.
Here's what is contained in this patch set:
- Creates a "seq_buf" generic buffer utility that allows a descriptor
to be passed around where functions can write their own "printk()"
formatted strings into it. The generic version was pulled out of
the trace_seq() code that was made specifically for tracing.
- The seq_buf code was change to model the seq_file code. I have a
patch (not included for 3.19) that converts the seq_file.c code
over to use seq_buf.c like the trace_seq.c code does. This was
done to make sure that seq_buf.c is compatible with seq_file.c. I
may try to get that patch in for 3.20.
- The seq_buf.c file was moved to lib/ to remove it from being
dependent on CONFIG_TRACING.
- The printk() was updated to allow for a per_cpu "override" of the
internal calls. That is, instead of writing to the console, a call
to printk() may do something else. This made it easier to allow
the NMI to change what printk() does in order to call dump_stack()
without needing to update that code as well.
- Finally, the dump_stack from all CPUs via NMI code was converted to
use the seq_buf code. The caller to trigger the NMI code would
wait till all the NMIs finished, and then it would print the
seq_buf data to the console safely from a non NMI context
One added bonus is that this code also makes the NMI dump stack work
on PREEMPT_RT kernels. As printk() includes sleeping locks on
PREEMPT_RT, printk() only writes to console if the console does not
use any rt_mutex converted spin locks. Which a lot do"
* tag 'trace-seq-buf-3.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
x86/nmi: Fix use of unallocated cpumask_var_t
printk/percpu: Define printk_func when printk is not defined
x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all CPUs
printk: Add per_cpu printk func to allow printk to be diverted
seq_buf: Move the seq_buf code to lib/
seq-buf: Make seq_buf_bprintf() conditional on CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
tracing: Add seq_buf_get_buf() and seq_buf_commit() helper functions
tracing: Have seq_buf use full buffer
seq_buf: Add seq_buf_can_fit() helper function
tracing: Add paranoid size check in trace_printk_seq()
tracing: Use trace_seq_used() and seq_buf_used() instead of len
tracing: Clean up tracing_fill_pipe_page()
seq_buf: Create seq_buf_used() to find out how much was written
tracing: Add a seq_buf_clear() helper and clear len and readpos in init
tracing: Convert seq_buf fields to be like seq_file fields
tracing: Convert seq_buf_path() to be like seq_path()
tracing: Create seq_buf layer in trace_seq
Merge first patchbomb from Andrew Morton:
- a few minor cifs fixes
- dma-debug upadtes
- ocfs2
- slab
- about half of MM
- procfs
- kernel/exit.c
- panic.c tweaks
- printk upates
- lib/ updates
- checkpatch updates
- fs/binfmt updates
- the drivers/rtc tree
- nilfs
- kmod fixes
- more kernel/exit.c
- various other misc tweaks and fixes
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (190 commits)
exit: pidns: fix/update the comments in zap_pid_ns_processes()
exit: pidns: alloc_pid() leaks pid_namespace if child_reaper is exiting
exit: exit_notify: re-use "dead" list to autoreap current
exit: reparent: call forget_original_parent() under tasklist_lock
exit: reparent: avoid find_new_reaper() if no children
exit: reparent: introduce find_alive_thread()
exit: reparent: introduce find_child_reaper()
exit: reparent: document the ->has_child_subreaper checks
exit: reparent: s/while_each_thread/for_each_thread/ in find_new_reaper()
exit: reparent: fix the cross-namespace PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER reparenting
exit: reparent: fix the dead-parent PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER reparenting
exit: proc: don't try to flush /proc/tgid/task/tgid
exit: release_task: fix the comment about group leader accounting
exit: wait: drop tasklist_lock before psig->c* accounting
exit: wait: don't use zombie->real_parent
exit: wait: cleanup the ptrace_reparented() checks
usermodehelper: kill the kmod_thread_locker logic
usermodehelper: don't use CLONE_VFORK for ____call_usermodehelper()
fs/hfs/catalog.c: fix comparison bug in hfs_cat_keycmp
nilfs2: fix the nilfs_iget() vs. nilfs_new_inode() races
...
Pranith Kumar posted a patch in which removed the "volatile"
qualifier for the "logbuf_cpu" variable in vprintk_emit().
https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/11/13/894
In his patch, he used ACCESS_ONCE() for all references to
that symbol to provide whatever protection was intended.
There was some discussion that followed, and in the end Steven Rostedt
concluded that not only was "volatile" not needed, neither was it
required to use ACCESS_ONCE(). I offered an elaborate description that
concluded Steven was right, and Pranith asked me to submit an
alternative patch. And this is it.
The basic reason "volatile" is not needed is that "logbuf_cpu" has
static storage duration, and vprintk_emit() is an exported
interface. This means that the value of logbuf_cpu must be read
from memory the first time it is used in a particular call of
vprintk_emit(). The variable's value is read only once in that
function, when it's read it'll be the copy from memory (or cache).
In addition, the value of "logbuf_cpu" is only ever written under
protection of a spinlock. So the value that is read is the "real"
value (and not an out-of-date cached one). If its value is not
UINT_MAX, it is the current CPU's processor id, and it will have
been last written by the running CPU.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Reported-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Eliminate the unlikely possibility of message interleaving for
early_printk/early_vprintk use.
early_vprintk can be done via the %pV extension so remove this
unnecessary function and change early_printk to have the equivalent
vprintk code.
All uses of early_printk already end with a newline so also remove the
unnecessary newline from the early_printk function.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To avoid include hell, the per_cpu variable printk_func was declared
in percpu.h. But it is only defined if printk is defined.
As users of printk may also use the printk_func variable, it needs to
be defined even if CONFIG_PRINTK is not.
Also add a printk.h include in percpu.h just to be safe.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141121183215.01ba539c@canb.auug.org.au
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Being able to divert printk to call another function besides the normal
logging is useful for such things like NMI handling. If some functions
are to be called from NMI that does printk() it is possible to lock up
the box if the nmi handler triggers when another printk is happening.
One example of this use is to perform a stack trace on all CPUs via NMI.
But if the NMI is to do the printk() it can cause the system to lock up.
By allowing the printk to be diverted to another function that can safely
record the printk output and then print it when it in a safe context
then NMIs will be safe to call these functions like show_regs().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/p/20140619213952.209176403@goodmis.org
Tested-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
When the kernel.dmesg_restrict restriction is in place, only users with
CAP_SYSLOG should be able to access crash dumps (like: attacker is
trying to exploit a bug, watchdog reboots, attacker can happily read
crash dumps and logs).
This puts the restriction on console-* types as well as sensitive
information could have been leaked there.
Other log types are unaffected.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Schmidt <yath@yath.de>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Pull percpu consistent-ops changes from Tejun Heo:
"Way back, before the current percpu allocator was implemented, static
and dynamic percpu memory areas were allocated and handled separately
and had their own accessors. The distinction has been gone for many
years now; however, the now duplicate two sets of accessors remained
with the pointer based ones - this_cpu_*() - evolving various other
operations over time. During the process, we also accumulated other
inconsistent operations.
This pull request contains Christoph's patches to clean up the
duplicate accessor situation. __get_cpu_var() uses are replaced with
with this_cpu_ptr() and __this_cpu_ptr() with raw_cpu_ptr().
Unfortunately, the former sometimes is tricky thanks to C being a bit
messy with the distinction between lvalues and pointers, which led to
a rather ugly solution for cpumask_var_t involving the introduction of
this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr().
This converts most of the uses but not all. Christoph will follow up
with the remaining conversions in this merge window and hopefully
remove the obsolete accessors"
* 'for-3.18-consistent-ops' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (38 commits)
irqchip: Properly fetch the per cpu offset
percpu: Resolve ambiguities in __get_cpu_var/cpumask_var_t -fix
ia64: sn_nodepda cannot be assigned to after this_cpu conversion. Use __this_cpu_write.
percpu: Resolve ambiguities in __get_cpu_var/cpumask_var_t
Revert "powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses"
percpu: Remove __this_cpu_ptr
clocksource: Replace __this_cpu_ptr with raw_cpu_ptr
sparc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
avr32: Replace __get_cpu_var with __this_cpu_write
blackfin: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
tile: Use this_cpu_ptr() for hardware counters
tile: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
alpha: Replace __get_cpu_var
ia64: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
s390: cio driver &__get_cpu_var replacements
s390: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
mips: Replace __get_cpu_var uses
MIPS: Replace __get_cpu_var uses in FPU emulator.
arm: Replace __this_cpu_ptr with raw_cpu_ptr
...
Commit 458df9fd48 ("printk: remove separate printk_sched buffers and use
printk buf instead") hardcodes printk_deferred() to KERN_WARNING and
inserts the string "[sched_delayed] " before the actual message. However
it doesn't take into account the KERN_* prefix of the message, that now
ends up in the middle of the output:
[sched_delayed] ^a4CE: hpet increased min_delta_ns to 20115 nsec
Fix this by just getting rid of the "[sched_delayed] " scnprintf(). The
prefix is useless since 458df9fd48 anyway since from that moment
printk_deferred() inserts the message into the kernel printk buffer
immediately. So if the message eventually gets printed to console, it is
printed in the correct order with other messages and there's no need for
any special prefix. And if the kernel crashes before the message makes it
to console, then prefix in the printk buffer doesn't make the situation
any better.
Link: http://lkml.org/lkml/2014/9/14/4
Signed-off-by: Markus Trippelsdorf <markus@trippelsdorf.de>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When configuring a uniprocessor kernel, don't bother the user with an
irrelevant LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT question, and don't build the unused
code.
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We shouldn't set text_len in the code path that detects printk recursion
because text_len corresponds to the length of the string inside textbuf.
A few lines down from the line
text_len = strlen(recursion_msg);
is the line
text_len += vscnprintf(text + text_len, ...);
So if printk detects recursion, it sets text_len to 29 (the length of
recursion_msg) and logs an error. Then the message supplied by the
caller of printk is stored inside textbuf but offset by 29 bytes. This
means that the output of the recursive call to printk will contain 29
bytes of garbage in front of it.
This defect is caused by commit 458df9fd48 ("printk: remove separate
printk_sched buffers and use printk buf instead") which turned the line
text_len = vscnprintf(text, ...);
into
text_len += vscnprintf(text + text_len, ...);
To fix this, this patch avoids setting text_len when logging the printk
recursion error. This patch also marks unlikely() the branch leading up
to this code.
Fixes: 458df9fd48 ("printk: remove separate printk_sched buffers and use printk buf instead")
Signed-off-by: Patrick Palka <patrick@parcs.ath.cx>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace uses of __get_cpu_var for address calculation with this_cpu_ptr.
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Platforms like IBM Power Systems supports service processor
assisted dump. It provides interface to add memory region to
be captured when system is crashed.
During initialization/running we can add kernel memory region
to be collected.
Presently we don't have a way to get the log buffer base address
and size. This patch adds support to return log buffer address
and size.
Signed-off-by: Vasant Hegde <hegdevasant@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
We need interrupts disabled when calling console_trylock_for_printk()
only so that cpu id we pass to can_use_console() remains valid (for
other things console_sem provides all the exclusion we need and
deadlocks on console_sem due to interrupts are impossible because we use
down_trylock()). However if we are rescheduled, we are guaranteed to
run on an online cpu so we can easily just get the cpu id in
can_use_console().
We can lose a bit of performance when we enable interrupts in
vprintk_emit() and then disable them again in console_unlock() but OTOH
it can somewhat reduce interrupt latency caused by console_unlock().
We differ from (reverted) commit 939f04bec1 in that we avoid calling
console_unlock() from vprintk_emit() with lockdep enabled as that has
unveiled quite some bugs leading to system freezes during boot (e.g.
https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/5/30/242,
https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/6/28/521).
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Andreas Bombe <aeb@debian.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some small cleanups to kernel/printk/printk.c. None of them should
cause any change in behavior.
- When CONFIG_PRINTK is defined, parenthesize the value of LOG_LINE_MAX.
- When CONFIG_PRINTK is *not* defined, there is an extra LOG_LINE_MAX
definition; delete it.
- Pull an assignment out of a conditional expression in console_setup().
- Use isdigit() in console_setup() rather than open coding it.
- In update_console_cmdline(), drop a NUL-termination assignment;
the strlcpy() call that precedes it guarantees it's not needed.
- Simplify some logic in printk_timed_ratelimit().
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use the IS_ENABLED() macro rather than #ifdef blocks to set certain
global values.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix a few comments that don't accurately describe their corresponding
code. It also fixes some minor typographical errors.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit a8fe19ebfb ("kernel/printk: use symbolic defines for console
loglevels") makes consistent use of symbolic values for printk() log
levels.
The naming scheme used is different from the one used for
DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL though. Change that symbol name to be
MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT for consistency. And because the value of that
symbol comes from a similarly-named config option, rename
CONFIG_DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL as well.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In do_syslog() there's a path used by kmsg_poll() and kmsg_read() that
only needs to know whether there's any data available to read (and not
its size). These callers only check for non-zero return. As a
shortcut, do_syslog() returns the difference between what has been
logged and what has been "seen."
The comments say that the "count of records" should be returned but it's
not. Instead it returns (log_next_idx - syslog_idx), which is a
difference between buffer offsets--and the result could be negative.
The behavior is the same (it'll be zero or not in the same cases), but
the count of records is more meaningful and it matches what the comments
say. So change the code to return that.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The default size of the ring buffer is too small for machines with a
large amount of CPUs under heavy load. What ends up happening when
debugging is the ring buffer overlaps and chews up old messages making
debugging impossible unless the size is passed as a kernel parameter.
An idle system upon boot up will on average spew out only about one or
two extra lines but where this really matters is on heavy load and that
will vary widely depending on the system and environment.
There are mechanisms to help increase the kernel ring buffer for tracing
through debugfs, and those interfaces even allow growing the kernel ring
buffer per CPU. We also have a static value which can be passed upon
boot. Relying on debugfs however is not ideal for production, and
relying on the value passed upon bootup is can only used *after* an
issue has creeped up. Instead of being reactive this adds a proactive
measure which lets you scale the amount of contributions you'd expect to
the kernel ring buffer under load by each CPU in the worst case
scenario.
We use num_possible_cpus() to avoid complexities which could be
introduced by dynamically changing the ring buffer size at run time,
num_possible_cpus() lets us use the upper limit on possible number of
CPUs therefore avoiding having to deal with hotplugging CPUs on and off.
This introduces the kernel configuration option LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT
which is used to specify the maximum amount of contributions to the
kernel ring buffer in the worst case before the kernel ring buffer flips
over, the size is specified as a power of 2. The total amount of
contributions made by each CPU must be greater than half of the default
kernel ring buffer size (1 << LOG_BUF_SHIFT bytes) in order to trigger
an increase upon bootup. The kernel ring buffer is increased to the
next power of two that would fit the required minimum kernel ring buffer
size plus the additional CPU contribution. For example if LOG_BUF_SHIFT
is 18 (256 KB) you'd require at least 128 KB contributions by other CPUs
in order to trigger an increase of the kernel ring buffer. With a
LOG_CPU_BUF_SHIFT of 12 (4 KB) you'd require at least anything over > 64
possible CPUs to trigger an increase. If you had 128 possible CPUs the
amount of minimum required kernel ring buffer bumps to:
((1 << 18) + ((128 - 1) * (1 << 12))) / 1024 = 764 KB
Since we require the ring buffer to be a power of two the new required
size would be 1024 KB.
This CPU contributions are ignored when the "log_buf_len" kernel
parameter is used as it forces the exact size of the ring buffer to an
expected power of two value.
[pmladek@suse.cz: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Arun KS <arunks.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In practice the power of 2 practice of the size of the kernel ring
buffer remains purely historical but not a requirement, specially now
that we have LOG_ALIGN and use it for both static and dynamic
allocations. It could have helped with implicit alignment back in the
days given the even the dynamically sized ring buffer was guaranteed to
be aligned so long as CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT was set to produce a
__LOG_BUF_LEN which is architecture aligned, since log_buf_len=n would
be allowed only if it was > __LOG_BUF_LEN and we always ended up
rounding the log_buf_len=n to the next power of 2 with
roundup_pow_of_two(), any multiple of 2 then should be also architecture
aligned. These assumptions of course relied heavily on
CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT producing an aligned value but users can always
change this.
We now have precise alignment requirements set for the log buffer size
for both static and dynamic allocations, but lets upkeep the old
practice of using powers of 2 for its size to help with easy expected
scalable values and the allocators for dynamic allocations. We'll reuse
this later so move this into a helper.
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Arun KS <arunks.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have to consider alignment for the ring buffer both for the default
static size, and then also for when an dynamic allocation is made when
the log_buf_len=n kernel parameter is passed to set the size
specifically to a size larger than the default size set by the
architecture through CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT.
The default static kernel ring buffer can be aligned properly if
architectures set CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT properly, we provide ranges for
the size though so even if CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT has a sensible aligned
value it can be reduced to a non aligned value. Commit 6ebb017de9
("printk: Fix alignment of buf causing crash on ARM EABI") by Andrew
Lunn ensures the static buffer is always aligned and the decision of
alignment is done by the compiler by using __alignof__(struct log).
When log_buf_len=n is used we allocate the ring buffer dynamically.
Dynamic allocation varies, for the early allocation called before
setup_arch() memblock_virt_alloc() requests a page aligment and for the
default kernel allocation memblock_virt_alloc_nopanic() requests no
special alignment, which in turn ends up aligning the allocation to
SMP_CACHE_BYTES, which is L1 cache aligned.
Since we already have the required alignment for the kernel ring buffer
though we can do better and request explicit alignment for LOG_ALIGN.
This does that to be safe and make dynamic allocation alignment
explicit.
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Arun KS <arunks.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Revert commit 939f04bec1 ("printk: enable interrupts before calling
console_trylock_for_printk()").
Andreas reported:
: None of the post 3.15 kernel boot for me. They all hang at the GRUB
: screen telling me it loaded and started the kernel, but the kernel
: itself stops before it prints anything (or even replaces the GRUB
: background graphics).
939f04bec1 is modest latency reduction. Revert it until we understand
the reason for these failures.
Reported-by: Andreas Bombe <aeb@debian.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
... instead of naked numbers.
Stuff in sysrq.c used to set it to 8 which is supposed to mean above
default level so set it to DEBUG instead as we're terminating/killing all
tasks and we want to be verbose there.
Also, correct the check in x86_64_start_kernel which should be >= as
we're clearly issuing the string there for all debug levels, not only
the magical 10.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If the log ring buffer becomes full, we silently overwrite old messages
with new data. console_unlock will detect this case and fast-forward the
console_* pointers to skip over the corrupted data, but nothing will be
reported to the user.
This patch hijacks the first valid log message after detecting that we
dropped messages and prefixes it with a note detailing how many messages
were dropped. For long (~1000 char) messages, this will result in some
truncation of the real message, but given that we're dropping things
anyway, that doesn't seem to be the end of the world.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After learning we'll need some sort of deferred printk functionality in
the timekeeping core, Peter suggested we rename the printk_sched function
so it can be reused by needed subsystems.
This only changes the function name. No logic changes.
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Jiri Bohac <jbohac@suse.cz>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
An earlier change in -mm (printk: remove separate printk_sched
buffers...), removed the printk_sched irqsave/restore lines since it was
safe for current users. Since we may be expanding usage of
printk_sched(), disable preepmtion for this function to make it more
generally safe to call.
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Jiri Bohac <jbohac@suse.cz>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To prevent deadlocks with doing a printk inside the scheduler,
printk_sched() was created. The issue is that printk has a console_sem
that it can grab and release. The release does a wake up if there's a
task pending on the sem, and this wake up grabs the rq locks that is
held in the scheduler. This leads to a possible deadlock if the wake up
uses the same rq as the one with the rq lock held already.
What printk_sched() does is to save the printk write in a per cpu buffer
and sets the PRINTK_PENDING_SCHED flag. On a timer tick, if this flag is
set, the printk() is done against the buffer.
There's a couple of issues with this approach.
1) If two printk_sched()s are called before the tick, the second one
will overwrite the first one.
2) The temporary buffer is 512 bytes and is per cpu. This is a quite a
bit of space wasted for something that is seldom used.
In order to remove this, the printk_sched() can use the printk buffer
instead, and delay the console_trylock()/console_unlock() to the queued
work.
Because printk_sched() would then be taking the logbuf_lock, the
logbuf_lock must not be held while doing anything that may call into the
scheduler functions, which includes wake ups. Unfortunately, printk()
also has a console_sem that it uses, and on release, the up(&console_sem)
may do a wake up of any pending waiters. This must be avoided while
holding the logbuf_lock.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We need interrupts disabled when calling console_trylock_for_printk()
only so that cpu id we pass to can_use_console() remains valid (for
other things console_sem provides all the exclusion we need and
deadlocks on console_sem due to interrupts are impossible because we use
down_trylock()). However if we are rescheduled, we are guaranteed to
run on an online cpu so we can easily just get the cpu id in
can_use_console().
We can lose a bit of performance when we enable interrupts in
vprintk_emit() and then disable them again in console_unlock() but OTOH
it can somewhat reduce interrupt latency caused by console_unlock()
especially since later in the patch series we will want to spin on
console_sem in console_trylock_for_printk().
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Printk calls mutex_acquire() / mutex_release() by hand to instrument
lockdep about console_sem. However in some corner cases the
instrumentation is missing. Fix the problem by creating helper functions
for locking / unlocking console_sem which take care of lockdep
instrumentation as well.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Fabio Estevam <festevam@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
Tested-By: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There's no reason to hold lockbuf_lock when entering
console_trylock_for_printk().
The first thing this function does is to call down_trylock(console_sem)
and if that fails it immediately unlocks lockbuf_lock. So lockbuf_lock
isn't needed for that branch. When down_trylock() succeeds, the rest of
console_trylock() is OK without lockbuf_lock (it is called without it
from other places), and the only remaining thing in
console_trylock_for_printk() is can_use_console() call. For that call
console_sem is enough (it iterates all consoles and checks CON_ANYTIME
flag).
So we drop logbuf_lock before entering console_trylock_for_printk() which
simplifies the code.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix have_callable_console() comment]
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Comment about interesting interlocking between lockbuf_lock and
console_sem is outdated.
It was added in 2002 by commit a880f45a48be during conversion of
console_lock to console_sem + lockbuf_lock.
At that time release_console_sem() (today's equivalent is
console_unlock()) was indeed using lockbuf_lock to avoid races between
trylock on console_sem in printk() and unlock of console_sem. However
these days the interlocking is gone and the races are avoided by
rechecking logbuf state after releasing console_sem.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I wonder if anyone uses printk return value but it is there and should be
counted correctly.
This patch modifies log_store() to return the number of really stored
bytes from the 'text' part. Also it handles the return value in
vprintk_emit().
Note that log_store() is used also in cont_flush() but we could ignore the
return value there. The function works with characters that were already
counted earlier. In addition, the store could newer fail here because the
length of the printed text is limited by the "cont" buffer and "dict" is
NULL.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We might want to print at least part of too long messages and add some
warning for debugging purpose.
The question is how long the shrunken message should be. If we use the
whole buffer, it might get rotated too soon. Let's try to use only 1/4 of
the buffer for now.
Also shrink the whole dictionary. We do not want to parse it or break it
in the middle of some pair of values. It would not cause any real harm
but still.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We will want to recompute the message size when shrinking too long
messages. Let's put the code into separate function.
The side effect of setting "pad_len" is not nice but it is worth removing
the code duplication. Note that I will probably have one more usage for
this function when handling messages safe way in NMI context.
This patch does not change the existing behavior.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There was no check for too long messages. The check for free space always
passed when first_seq and next_seq were equal. Enough free space was not
guaranteed, though.
log_store() might be called to store messages up to 64kB + 64kB + 16B.
This is sum of maximal text_len, dict_len values, and the size of the
structure printk_log.
On the other hand, the minimal size for the main log buffer currently is
4kB and it is enforced only by Kconfig.
The good news is that the usage looks safe right now. log_store() is
called only from vprintk_emit() and cont_flush(). Here the "text" part is
always passed via a static buffer and the length is limited to
LOG_LINE_MAX which is 1024. The "dict" part is NULL in most cases. The
only exceptions is when vprintk_emit() is called from printk_emit() and
dev_vprintk_emit(). But printk_emit() is currently used only in
devkmsg_writev() and here "dict" is NULL as well. In dev_vprintk_emit(),
"dict" is limited by the static buffer "hdr" of the size 128 bytes. It
meas that the current maximal printed text is 1024B + 128B + 16B and it
always fit the log buffer.
But it is only matter of time when someone calls printk_emit() with unsafe
parameters, especially the "dict" one.
This patch adds a check for the free space when the buffer is empty. It
reuses the already existing log_has_space() function but it has to add an
extra parameter. It defines whether the buffer is empty. Note that the
same values of "first_idx" and "next_idx" might also mean that the buffer
is full.
If the buffer is empty, we must respect the current position of the
indexes. We cannot reset them to the beginning of the buffer. Otherwise,
the functions reading the buffer would get crazy.
The question is what to do when the message is too long. This patch uses
the easiest solution and just ignores the problematic message. Let's do
something better in a followup patch.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The check for free space in the log buffer always passes when "first_seq"
and "next_seq" are equal. In theory, it might cause writing outside of
the log buffer.
Fortunately, the current usage looks safe because the used "text" and
"dict" buffers are quite limited. See the second patch for more details.
Anyway, it is better to be on the safe side and add a check. An easy
solution is done in the 2nd patch and it is improved in the 4th patch.
5th patch fixes the computation of the printed message length.
1st and 3rd patches just do some code refactoring to make the other
patches easier.
This patch (of 5):
There will be needed some fixes in the check for free space. They will be
easier if the code is moved outside of the quite long log_store()
function.
This patch does not change the existing behavior.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Here is the big tty / serial driver pull request for 3.16-rc1.
A variety of different serial driver fixes and updates and additions,
nothing huge, and no real major core tty changes at all.
All have been in linux-next for a while.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'tty-3.16-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty into next
Pull tty/serial driver updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big tty / serial driver pull request for 3.16-rc1.
A variety of different serial driver fixes and updates and additions,
nothing huge, and no real major core tty changes at all.
All have been in linux-next for a while"
* tag 'tty-3.16-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (84 commits)
Revert "serial: imx: remove the DMA wait queue"
serial: kgdb_nmi: Improve console integration with KDB I/O
serial: kgdb_nmi: Switch from tasklets to real timers
serial: kgdb_nmi: Use container_of() to locate private data
serial: cpm_uart: No LF conversion in put_poll_char()
serial: sirf: Fix compilation failure
console: Remove superfluous readonly check
console: Use explicit pointer type for vc_uni_pagedir* fields
vgacon: Fix & cleanup refcounting
ARM: tty: Move HVC DCC assembly to arch/arm
tty/hvc/hvc_console: Fix wakeup of HVC thread on hvc_kick()
drivers/tty/n_hdlc.c: replace kmalloc/memset by kzalloc
vt: emulate 8- and 24-bit colour codes.
printk/of_serial: fix serial console cessation part way through boot.
serial: 8250_dma: check the result of TX buffer mapping
serial: uart: add hw flow control support configuration
tty/serial: at91: add interrupts for modem control lines
tty/serial: at91: use mctrl_gpio helpers
tty/serial: Add GPIOLIB helpers for controlling modem lines
ARM: at91: gpio: implement get_direction
...
Commit 5f5c9ae56c
"serial_core: Unregister console in uart_remove_one_port()"
fixed a crash where a serial port was removed but
not deregistered as a console.
There is a side effect of that commit for platforms having serial consoles
and of_serial configured (CONFIG_SERIAL_OF_PLATFORM). The serial console
is disabled midway through the boot process.
This cessation of the serial console affects PowerPC computers
such as the MVME5100 and SAM440EP.
The sequence is:
bootconsole [udbg0] enabled
....
serial8250/16550 driver initialises and registers its UARTS,
one of these is the serial console.
console [ttyS0] enabled
....
of_serial probes "platform" devices, registering them as it goes.
One of these is the serial console.
console [ttyS0] disabled.
The disabling of the serial console is due to:
a. unregister_console in printk not clearing the
CONS_ENABLED bit in the console flags,
even though it has announced that the console is disabled; and
b. of_platform_serial_probe in of_serial not setting the port type
before it registers with serial8250_register_8250_port.
This patch ensures that the serial console is re-enabled when of_serial
registers a serial port that corresponds to the designated console.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Chivers <schivers@csc.com>
Tested-by: Stephen Chivers <schivers@csc.com>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> [unregister_console]
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.15
===
The above failure was identified in Linux-3.15-rc2.
Tested using MVME5100 and SAM440EP PowerPC computers with
kernels built from Linux-3.15-rc5 and tty-next.
The continued operation of the serial console is vital for computers
such as the MVME5100 as that Single Board Computer does not
have any grapical/display hardware.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
As requested by Linus add explicit __visible to the asmlinkage users.
This marks functions visible to assembler.
Tree sweep for rest of tree.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1398984278-29319-4-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Fix a warning about possible circular locking dependency.
If do in following sequence:
enter suspend -> resume -> plug-out CPUx (echo 0 > cpux/online)
lockdep will show warning as following:
======================================================
[ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
3.10.0 #2 Tainted: G O
-------------------------------------------------------
sh/1271 is trying to acquire lock:
(console_lock){+.+.+.}, at: console_cpu_notify+0x20/0x2c
but task is already holding lock:
(cpu_hotplug.lock){+.+.+.}, at: cpu_hotplug_begin+0x2c/0x58
which lock already depends on the new lock.
the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
-> #2 (cpu_hotplug.lock){+.+.+.}:
lock_acquire+0x98/0x12c
mutex_lock_nested+0x50/0x3d8
cpu_hotplug_begin+0x2c/0x58
_cpu_up+0x24/0x154
cpu_up+0x64/0x84
smp_init+0x9c/0xd4
kernel_init_freeable+0x78/0x1c8
kernel_init+0x8/0xe4
ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c
-> #1 (cpu_add_remove_lock){+.+.+.}:
lock_acquire+0x98/0x12c
mutex_lock_nested+0x50/0x3d8
disable_nonboot_cpus+0x8/0xe8
suspend_devices_and_enter+0x214/0x448
pm_suspend+0x1e4/0x284
try_to_suspend+0xa4/0xbc
process_one_work+0x1c4/0x4fc
worker_thread+0x138/0x37c
kthread+0xa4/0xb0
ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c
-> #0 (console_lock){+.+.+.}:
__lock_acquire+0x1b38/0x1b80
lock_acquire+0x98/0x12c
console_lock+0x54/0x68
console_cpu_notify+0x20/0x2c
notifier_call_chain+0x44/0x84
__cpu_notify+0x2c/0x48
cpu_notify_nofail+0x8/0x14
_cpu_down+0xf4/0x258
cpu_down+0x24/0x40
store_online+0x30/0x74
dev_attr_store+0x18/0x24
sysfs_write_file+0x16c/0x19c
vfs_write+0xb4/0x190
SyS_write+0x3c/0x70
ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x48
Chain exists of:
console_lock --> cpu_add_remove_lock --> cpu_hotplug.lock
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0 CPU1
---- ----
lock(cpu_hotplug.lock);
lock(cpu_add_remove_lock);
lock(cpu_hotplug.lock);
lock(console_lock);
*** DEADLOCK ***
There are three locks involved in two sequence:
a) pm suspend:
console_lock (@suspend_console())
cpu_add_remove_lock (@disable_nonboot_cpus())
cpu_hotplug.lock (@_cpu_down())
b) Plug-out CPUx:
cpu_add_remove_lock (@(cpu_down())
cpu_hotplug.lock (@_cpu_down())
console_lock (@console_cpu_notify()) => Lockdeps prints warning log.
There should be not real deadlock, as flag of console_suspended can
protect this.
Although console_suspend() releases console_sem, it doesn't tell lockdep
about it. That results in the lockdep warning about circular locking
when doing the following: enter suspend -> resume -> plug-out CPUx (echo
0 > cpux/online)
Fix the problem by telling lockdep we actually released the semaphore in
console_suspend() and acquired it again in console_resume().
Signed-off-by: Jane Li <jiel@marvell.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is just a tiny optimization. It removes duplicate computation of
the message size.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It seems that we have newer used the last byte in the ring buffer. In
fact, we have newer used the last 4 bytes because of padding.
First problem is in the check for free space. The exact number of free
bytes is enough to store the length of data.
Second problem is in the check where the ring buffer is rotated. The
left side counts the first unused index. It is unused, so it might be
the same as the size of the buffer.
Note that the first problem has to be fixed together with the second
one. Otherwise, the buffer is rotated even when there is enough space
on the end of the buffer. Then the beginning of the buffer is rewritten
and valid entries get corrupted.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no check for potential "text_len" overflow. It is not needed
because only valid level is detected. It took me some time to
understand why. It would deserve a comment ;-)
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel log level "c" was removed in commit 61e99ab8e3 ("printk:
remove the now unnecessary "C" annotation for KERN_CONT"). It is no
longer detected in printk_get_level(). Hence we do not need to check it
in vprintk_emit.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is not a buffer overflow in the traditional sense: we don't
overflow any *kernel* buffers, but we do mis-count the amount of data we
copy back to user space for the SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL case.
In particular, if the user buffer is too small to hold everything, and
*if* there is a continuation line at just the right place, we can end up
giving the user more data than he asked for.
The reason is that we first count up the number of bytes all the log
records contains, then we walk the records again until we've skipped the
records at the beginning that won't fit, and then we walk the rest of
the records and copy them to the user space buffer.
And in between that "skip the initial records that won't fit" and the
"copy the records that *will* fit to user space", we reset the 'prev'
variable that contained the record information for the last record not
copied. That meant that when we started copying to user space, we now
had a different character count than what we had originally calculated
in the first record walk-through.
The fix is to simply not clear the 'prev' flags value (in both cases
where we had the same logic: syslog_print_all and kmsg_dump_get_buffer:
the latter is used for pstore-like dumping)
Reported-and-tested-by: Debabrata Banerjee <dbanerje@akamai.com>
Acked-by: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
An earlier newline was missing and current print is from different task.
In this scenario flush the continuation line and store this line
seperatly.
This patch fix the below scenario of timestamp interleaving,
[ 28.154370 ] read_word_reg : reg[0x 3], reg[0x 4] data [0x 642]
[ 28.155428 ] uart disconnect
[ 31.947341 ] dvfs[cpufreq.c<275>]:plug-in cpu<1> done
[ 28.155445 ] UART detached : send switch state 201
[ 32.014112 ] read_reg : reg[0x 3] data[0x21]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: simplify and condense the code]
Signed-off-by: Arun KS <getarunks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Arun KS <arun.ks@broadcom.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Switch to memblock interfaces for early memory allocator instead of
bootmem allocator. No functional change in beahvior than what it is in
current code from bootmem users points of view.
Archs already converted to NO_BOOTMEM now directly use memblock
interfaces instead of bootmem wrappers build on top of memblock. And
the archs which still uses bootmem, these new apis just fallback to
exiting bootmem APIs.
Signed-off-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@ti.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul@pwsan.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In one of those comments a typo was fixed, too.
Signed-off-by: Dirk Gouders <dirk@gouders.net>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
boot_delay does not work for earlyprintk because the kernel cmdline
parsing is late.
Change to use early_param so early kernel messages can also be delayed.
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reports the names of consoles as they're being disabled to help
identify which is which during cut-over. Helps answer the question
"which boot console actually got activated?" once the regular console is
running, mostly when debugging boot console failures.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch guards the console_drivers list to be corrupted. The
for_each_console() macro insist on a strictly forward list ended by NULL:
con0->next->con1->next->NULL
Without this patch it may happen easily to destroy this list for example by
adding 'earlyprintk' twice, especially on embedded devices where the early
console is often a single static instance. This will result in the following
list:
con0->next->con0
This in turn will result in an endless loop in console_unlock() later on by
printing the first __log_buf line endlessly.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Bießmann <andreas@biessmann.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Rename the struct to enable moving portions of
printk.c to separate files.
The rename changes output of /proc/vmcoreinfo.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make the code a bit more compact by always using a pointer for the active
console_cmdline.
Move overly indented code to correct indent level.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Create files with prototypes and static inlines for braille support. Make
braille_console functions return 1 on success.
Corrected CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE=n _braille_console_setup
return value to NULL.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add an include file for the console_cmdline struct so that the braille
console driver can be separated.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make it easier to break up printk into bite-sized chunks.
Remove printk path/filename from comment.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linus Torvalds
Paul Burton
Andreas Ziegler
Borislav Petkov
Christoph Hellwig
Sergey Senozhatsky
Joe Perches
Andy Lutomirski
Petr Mladek
Ivan Delalande
Andrey Ryabinin
Tejun Heo
Thierry Reding
Mathias Krause
Geliang Tang
Dave Young
Antonio Ospite
Vasily Averin
Al Viro
Peter Hurley
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Daniel Thompson
Steven Rostedt (Red Hat)
Alex Elder
Sebastian Schmidt
Markus Trippelsdorf
Geert Uytterhoeven
Patrick Palka
Christoph Lameter
Vasant Hegde
Neil Zhang
Jan Kara
Luis R. Rodriguez
Andrew Morton
Will Deacon
John Stultz
Petr Mladek
Stephen Chivers
Andi Kleen
Jane Li
Arun KS
Santosh Shilimkar
Dirk Gouders
Kees Cook
Andreas Bießmann