While performing some destructive tests with vfio-ccw, where the
paths to a device are forcible removed and thus the device itself
is unreachable, it is rather easy to end up in an endless loop in
vfio_del_group_dev() due to the lack of a request callback for the
associated device.
In this example, one MDEV (77c) is used by a guest, while another
(77b) is not. The symptom is that the iommu is detached from the
mdev for 77b, but not 77c, until that guest is shutdown:
[ 238.794867] vfio_ccw 0.0.077b: MDEV: Unregistering
[ 238.794996] vfio_mdev 11f2d2bc-4083-431d-a023-eff72715c4f0: Removing from iommu group 2
[ 238.795001] vfio_mdev 11f2d2bc-4083-431d-a023-eff72715c4f0: MDEV: detaching iommu
[ 238.795036] vfio_ccw 0.0.077c: MDEV: Unregistering
...silence...
Let's wire in the request call back to the mdev device, so that a
device being physically removed from the host can be (gracefully?)
handled by the parent device at the time the device is removed.
Add a message when registering the device if a driver doesn't
provide this callback, so a clue is given that this same loop
may be encountered in a similar situation, and a message when
this occurs instead of the awkward silence noted above.
Signed-off-by: Eric Farman <farman@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
This allows udev to trigger rules when a parent device is registered
or unregistered from mdev.
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Based on 2 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation #
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-only
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 4122 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Enrico Weigelt <info@metux.net>
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190604081206.933168790@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
In following sequences, child devices created while removing mdev parent
device can be left out, or it may lead to race of removing half
initialized child mdev devices.
issue-1:
--------
cpu-0 cpu-1
----- -----
mdev_unregister_device()
device_for_each_child()
mdev_device_remove_cb()
mdev_device_remove()
create_store()
mdev_device_create() [...]
device_add()
parent_remove_sysfs_files()
/* BUG: device added by cpu-0
* whose parent is getting removed
* and it won't process this mdev.
*/
issue-2:
--------
Below crash is observed when user initiated remove is in progress
and mdev_unregister_driver() completes parent unregistration.
cpu-0 cpu-1
----- -----
remove_store()
mdev_device_remove()
active = false;
mdev_unregister_device()
parent device removed.
[...]
parents->ops->remove()
/*
* BUG: Accessing invalid parent.
*/
This is similar race like create() racing with mdev_unregister_device().
BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffffffc0585668
PGD e8f618067 P4D e8f618067 PUD e8f61a067 PMD 85adca067 PTE 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
CPU: 41 PID: 37403 Comm: bash Kdump: loaded Not tainted 5.1.0-rc6-vdevbus+ #6
Hardware name: Supermicro SYS-6028U-TR4+/X10DRU-i+, BIOS 2.0b 08/09/2016
RIP: 0010:mdev_device_remove+0xfa/0x140 [mdev]
Call Trace:
remove_store+0x71/0x90 [mdev]
kernfs_fop_write+0x113/0x1a0
vfs_write+0xad/0x1b0
ksys_write+0x5a/0xe0
do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x210
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
Therefore, mdev core is improved as below to overcome above issues.
Wait for any ongoing mdev create() and remove() to finish before
unregistering parent device.
This continues to allow multiple create and remove to progress in
parallel for different mdev devices as most common case.
At the same time guard parent removal while parent is being accessed by
create() and remove() callbacks.
create()/remove() and unregister_device() are synchronized by the rwsem.
Refactor device removal code to mdev_device_remove_common() to avoid
acquiring unreg_sem of the parent.
Fixes: 7b96953bc6 ("vfio: Mediated device Core driver")
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
This patch addresses below two issues and prepares the code to address
3rd issue listed below.
1. mdev device is placed on the mdev bus before it is created in the
vendor driver. Once a device is placed on the mdev bus without creating
its supporting underlying vendor device, mdev driver's probe() gets
triggered. However there isn't a stable mdev available to work on.
create_store()
mdev_create_device()
device_register()
...
vfio_mdev_probe()
[...]
parent->ops->create()
vfio_ap_mdev_create()
mdev_set_drvdata(mdev, matrix_mdev);
/* Valid pointer set above */
Due to this way of initialization, mdev driver who wants to use the mdev,
doesn't have a valid mdev to work on.
2. Current creation sequence is,
parent->ops_create()
groups_register()
Remove sequence is,
parent->ops->remove()
groups_unregister()
However, remove sequence should be exact mirror of creation sequence.
Once this is achieved, all users of the mdev will be terminated first
before removing underlying vendor device.
(Follow standard linux driver model).
At that point vendor's remove() ops shouldn't fail because taking the
device off the bus should terminate any usage.
3. When remove operation fails, mdev sysfs removal attempts to add the
file back on already removed device. Following call trace [1] is observed.
[1] call trace:
kernel: WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 9348 at fs/sysfs/file.c:327 sysfs_create_file_ns+0x7f/0x90
kernel: CPU: 2 PID: 9348 Comm: bash Kdump: loaded Not tainted 5.1.0-rc6-vdevbus+ #6
kernel: Hardware name: Supermicro SYS-6028U-TR4+/X10DRU-i+, BIOS 2.0b 08/09/2016
kernel: RIP: 0010:sysfs_create_file_ns+0x7f/0x90
kernel: Call Trace:
kernel: remove_store+0xdc/0x100 [mdev]
kernel: kernfs_fop_write+0x113/0x1a0
kernel: vfs_write+0xad/0x1b0
kernel: ksys_write+0x5a/0xe0
kernel: do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x210
kernel: entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
Therefore, mdev core is improved in following ways.
1. Split the device registration/deregistration sequence so that some
things can be done between initialization of the device and hooking it
up to the bus respectively after deregistering it from the bus but
before giving up our final reference.
In particular, this means invoking the ->create() and ->remove()
callbacks in those new windows. This gives the vendor driver an
initialized mdev device to work with during creation.
At the same time, a bus driver who wish to bind to mdev driver also
gets initialized mdev device.
This follows standard Linux kernel bus and device model.
2. During remove flow, first remove the device from the bus. This
ensures that any bus specific devices are removed.
Once device is taken off the mdev bus, invoke remove() of mdev
from the vendor driver.
3. The driver core device model provides way to register and auto
unregister the device sysfs attribute groups at dev->groups.
Make use of dev->groups to let core create the groups and eliminate
code to avoid explicit groups creation and removal.
To ensure, that new sequence is solid, a below stack dump of a
process is taken who attempts to remove the device while device is in
use by vfio driver and user application.
This stack dump validates that vfio driver guards against such device
removal when device is in use.
cat /proc/21962/stack
[<0>] vfio_del_group_dev+0x216/0x3c0 [vfio]
[<0>] mdev_remove+0x21/0x40 [mdev]
[<0>] device_release_driver_internal+0xe8/0x1b0
[<0>] bus_remove_device+0xf9/0x170
[<0>] device_del+0x168/0x350
[<0>] mdev_device_remove_common+0x1d/0x50 [mdev]
[<0>] mdev_device_remove+0x8c/0xd0 [mdev]
[<0>] remove_store+0x71/0x90 [mdev]
[<0>] kernfs_fop_write+0x113/0x1a0
[<0>] vfs_write+0xad/0x1b0
[<0>] ksys_write+0x5a/0xe0
[<0>] do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x210
[<0>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
[<0>] 0xffffffffffffffff
This prepares the code to eliminate calling device_create_file() in
subsequent patch.
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Including:
- ATS support for ARM-SMMU-v3.
- AUX domain support in the IOMMU-API and the Intel VT-d driver.
This adds support for multiple DMA address spaces per
(PCI-)device. The use-case is to multiplex devices between
host and KVM guests in a more flexible way than supported by
SR-IOV.
- The Rest are smaller cleanups and fixes, two of which needed
to be reverted after testing in linux-next.
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Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v5.2' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu
Pull IOMMU updates from Joerg Roedel:
- ATS support for ARM-SMMU-v3.
- AUX domain support in the IOMMU-API and the Intel VT-d driver. This
adds support for multiple DMA address spaces per (PCI-)device. The
use-case is to multiplex devices between host and KVM guests in a
more flexible way than supported by SR-IOV.
- the rest are smaller cleanups and fixes, two of which needed to be
reverted after testing in linux-next.
* tag 'iommu-updates-v5.2' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu: (45 commits)
Revert "iommu/amd: Flush not present cache in iommu_map_page"
Revert "iommu/amd: Remove the leftover of bypass support"
iommu/vt-d: Fix leak in intel_pasid_alloc_table on error path
iommu/vt-d: Make kernel parameter igfx_off work with vIOMMU
iommu/vt-d: Set intel_iommu_gfx_mapped correctly
iommu/amd: Flush not present cache in iommu_map_page
iommu/vt-d: Cleanup: no spaces at the start of a line
iommu/vt-d: Don't request page request irq under dmar_global_lock
iommu/vt-d: Use struct_size() helper
iommu/mediatek: Fix leaked of_node references
iommu/amd: Remove amd_iommu_pd_list
iommu/arm-smmu: Log CBFRSYNRA register on context fault
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Don't disable SMMU in kdump kernel
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Disable tagged pointers
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Add support for PCI ATS
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Link domains and devices
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Add a master->domain pointer
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Store SteamIDs in master
iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Rename arm_smmu_master_data to arm_smmu_master
ACPI/IORT: Check ATS capability in root complex nodes
...
As section 15 of Documentation/process/coding-style.rst clearly
describes that compiler will be able to optimize code.
Hence drop inline for get and put helpers for parent.
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
device_for_each_child() stops executing callback function for remaining
child devices, if callback hits an error.
Each child mdev device is independent of each other.
While unregistering parent device, mdev core must remove all child mdev
devices.
Therefore, mdev_device_remove_cb() always returns success so that
device_for_each_child doesn't abort if one child removal hits error.
While at it, improve remove and unregister functions for below simplicity.
There isn't need to pass forced flag pointer during mdev parent
removal which invokes mdev_device_remove(). So simplify the flow.
mdev_device_remove() is called from two paths.
1. mdev_unregister_driver()
mdev_device_remove_cb()
mdev_device_remove()
2. remove_store()
mdev_device_remove()
Fixes: 7b96953bc6 ("vfio: Mediated device Core driver")
Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Instead of masking return error to -EBUSY, return actual error
returned by the driver.
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
During mdev parent registration in mdev_register_device(),
if parent device is duplicate, it releases the reference of existing
parent device.
This is incorrect. Existing parent device should not be touched.
Fixes: 7b96953bc6 ("vfio: Mediated device Core driver")
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Parav Pandit <parav@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
A parent device might create different types of mediated
devices. For example, a mediated device could be created
by the parent device with full isolation and protection
provided by the IOMMU. One usage case could be found on
Intel platforms where a mediated device is an assignable
subset of a PCI, the DMA requests on behalf of it are all
tagged with a PASID. Since IOMMU supports PASID-granular
translations (scalable mode in VT-d 3.0), this mediated
device could be individually protected and isolated by an
IOMMU.
This patch adds a new member in the struct mdev_device to
indicate that the mediated device represented by mdev could
be isolated and protected by attaching a domain to a device
represented by mdev->iommu_device. It also adds a helper to
add or set the iommu device.
* mdev_device->iommu_device
- This, if set, indicates that the mediated device could
be fully isolated and protected by IOMMU via attaching
an iommu domain to this device. If empty, it indicates
using vendor defined isolation, hence bypass IOMMU.
* mdev_set/get_iommu_device(dev, iommu_device)
- Set or get the iommu device which represents this mdev
in IOMMU's device scope. Drivers don't need to set the
iommu device if it uses vendor defined isolation.
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Cc: Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Cc: Liu Yi L <yi.l.liu@intel.com>
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Suggested-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe.brucker@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
There are new types and helpers that are supposed to be used in new code.
As a preparation to get rid of legacy types and API functions do
the conversion here.
Cc: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
When we create an mdev device, we check for duplicates against the
parent device and return -EEXIST if found, but the mdev device
namespace is global since we'll link all devices from the bus. We do
catch this later in sysfs_do_create_link_sd() to return -EEXIST, but
with it comes a kernel warning and stack trace for trying to create
duplicate sysfs links, which makes it an undesirable response.
Therefore we should really be looking for duplicates across all mdev
parent devices, or as implemented here, against our mdev device list.
Using mdev_list to prevent duplicates means that we can remove
mdev_parent.lock, but in order not to serialize mdev device creation
and removal globally, we add mdev_device.active which allows UUIDs to
be reserved such that we can drop the mdev_list_lock before the mdev
device is fully in place.
Two behavioral notes; first, mdev_parent.lock had the side-effect of
serializing mdev create and remove ops per parent device. This was
an implementation detail, not an intentional guarantee provided to
the mdev vendor drivers. Vendor drivers can trivially provide this
serialization internally if necessary. Second, review comments note
the new -EAGAIN behavior when the device, and in particular the remove
attribute, becomes visible in sysfs. If a remove is triggered prior
to completion of mdev_device_create() the user will see a -EAGAIN
error. While the errno is different, receiving an error during this
period is not, the previous implementation returned -ENODEV for the
same condition. Furthermore, the consistency to the user is improved
in the case where mdev_device_remove_ops() returns error. Previously
concurrent calls to mdev_device_remove() could see the device
disappear with -ENODEV and return in the case of error. Now a user
would see -EAGAIN while the device is in this transitory state.
Reviewed-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Halil Pasic <pasic@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Zhenyu Wang <zhenyuw@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Use an explicit module softdep rather than a request module call such
that the dependency is exposed to userspace. This allows us to more
easily support modules loaded at initrd time.
Reviewed by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Abstract access to mdev_device so that we can define which interfaces
are public rather than relying on comments in the structure.
Cc: Zhenyu Wang <zhenyuw@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Zhi Wang <zhi.a.wang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jike Song <jike.song@intel.com>
Reviewed by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Rather than hoping for good behavior by marking some elements
internal, enforce it by making the entire structure private and
creating an accessor function for the one useful external field.
Cc: Zhenyu Wang <zhenyuw@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Zhi Wang <zhi.a.wang@intel.com>
Cc: Jike Song <jike.song@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Reviewed by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Add an mdev_ prefix so we're not poluting the namespace so much.
Cc: Zhenyu Wang <zhenyuw@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Zhi Wang <zhi.a.wang@intel.com>
Cc: Jike Song <jike.song@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Reviewed by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Using the mtty mdev sample driver we can generate a remove race by
starting one shell that continuously creates mtty devices and several
other shells all attempting to remove devices, in my case four remove
shells. The fault occurs in mdev_remove_sysfs_files() where the
passed type arg is NULL, which suggests we've received a struct device
in mdev_device_remove() but it's in some sort of teardown state. The
solution here is to make use of the accidentally unused list_head on
the mdev_device such that the mdev core keeps a list of all the mdev
devices. This allows us to validate that we have a valid mdev before
we start removal, remove it from the list to prevent others from
working on it, and if the vendor driver refuses to remove, we can
re-add it to the list.
Cc: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
vfio_mdev driver registers with mdev core driver.
mdev core driver creates mediated device and calls probe routine of
vfio_mdev driver for each device.
Probe routine of vfio_mdev driver adds mediated device to VFIO core module
This driver forms a shim layer that pass through VFIO devices operations
to vendor driver for mediated devices.
Signed-off-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Neo Jia <cjia@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Jike Song <jike.song@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dong Jia Shi <bjsdjshi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Design for Mediated Device Driver:
Main purpose of this driver is to provide a common interface for mediated
device management that can be used by different drivers of different
devices.
This module provides a generic interface to create the device, add it to
mediated bus, add device to IOMMU group and then add it to vfio group.
Below is the high Level block diagram, with Nvidia, Intel and IBM devices
as example, since these are the devices which are going to actively use
this module as of now.
+---------------+
| |
| +-----------+ | mdev_register_driver() +--------------+
| | | +<------------------------+ __init() |
| | mdev | | | |
| | bus | +------------------------>+ |<-> VFIO user
| | driver | | probe()/remove() | vfio_mdev.ko | APIs
| | | | | |
| +-----------+ | +--------------+
| |
| MDEV CORE |
| MODULE |
| mdev.ko |
| +-----------+ | mdev_register_device() +--------------+
| | | +<------------------------+ |
| | | | | nvidia.ko |<-> physical
| | | +------------------------>+ | device
| | | | callback +--------------+
| | Physical | |
| | device | | mdev_register_device() +--------------+
| | interface | |<------------------------+ |
| | | | | i915.ko |<-> physical
| | | +------------------------>+ | device
| | | | callback +--------------+
| | | |
| | | | mdev_register_device() +--------------+
| | | +<------------------------+ |
| | | | | ccw_device.ko|<-> physical
| | | +------------------------>+ | device
| | | | callback +--------------+
| +-----------+ |
+---------------+
Core driver provides two types of registration interfaces:
1. Registration interface for mediated bus driver:
/**
* struct mdev_driver - Mediated device's driver
* @name: driver name
* @probe: called when new device created
* @remove:called when device removed
* @driver:device driver structure
*
**/
struct mdev_driver {
const char *name;
int (*probe) (struct device *dev);
void (*remove) (struct device *dev);
struct device_driver driver;
};
Mediated bus driver for mdev device should use this interface to register
and unregister with core driver respectively:
int mdev_register_driver(struct mdev_driver *drv, struct module *owner);
void mdev_unregister_driver(struct mdev_driver *drv);
Mediated bus driver is responsible to add/delete mediated devices to/from
VFIO group when devices are bound and unbound to the driver.
2. Physical device driver interface
This interface provides vendor driver the set APIs to manage physical
device related work in its driver. APIs are :
* dev_attr_groups: attributes of the parent device.
* mdev_attr_groups: attributes of the mediated device.
* supported_type_groups: attributes to define supported type. This is
mandatory field.
* create: to allocate basic resources in vendor driver for a mediated
device. This is mandatory to be provided by vendor driver.
* remove: to free resources in vendor driver when mediated device is
destroyed. This is mandatory to be provided by vendor driver.
* open: open callback of mediated device
* release: release callback of mediated device
* read : read emulation callback.
* write: write emulation callback.
* ioctl: ioctl callback.
* mmap: mmap emulation callback.
Drivers should use these interfaces to register and unregister device to
mdev core driver respectively:
extern int mdev_register_device(struct device *dev,
const struct parent_ops *ops);
extern void mdev_unregister_device(struct device *dev);
There are no locks to serialize above callbacks in mdev driver and
vfio_mdev driver. If required, vendor driver can have locks to serialize
above APIs in their driver.
Signed-off-by: Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Neo Jia <cjia@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Jike Song <jike.song@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dong Jia Shi <bjsdjshi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Eric Farman
Alex Williamson
Thomas Gleixner
Parav Pandit
Linus Torvalds
Lu Baolu
Andy Shevchenko
Kirti Wankhede