When the memcg OOM killer runs out of killable tasks, it currently
prints a WARN with no further OOM context. This has caused some user
confusion.
Warnings indicate a kernel problem. In a reported case, however, the
situation was triggered by a nonsensical memcg configuration (hard limit
set to 0). But without any VM context this wasn't obvious from the
report, and it took some back and forth on the mailing list to identify
what is actually a trivial issue.
Handle this OOM condition like we handle it in the global OOM killer:
dump the full OOM context and tell the user we ran out of tasks.
This way the user can identify misconfigurations easily by themselves
and rectify the problem - without having to go through the hassle of
running into an obscure but unsettling warning, finding the appropriate
kernel mailing list and waiting for a kernel developer to remote-analyze
that the memcg configuration caused this.
If users cannot make sense of why the OOM killer was triggered or why it
failed, they will still report it to the mailing list, we know that from
experience. So in case there is an actual kernel bug causing this,
kernel developers will very likely hear about it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180821160406.22578-1-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For some workloads an intervention from the OOM killer can be painful.
Killing a random task can bring the workload into an inconsistent state.
Historically, there are two common solutions for this
problem:
1) enabling panic_on_oom,
2) using a userspace daemon to monitor OOMs and kill
all outstanding processes.
Both approaches have their downsides: rebooting on each OOM is an obvious
waste of capacity, and handling all in userspace is tricky and requires a
userspace agent, which will monitor all cgroups for OOMs.
In most cases an in-kernel after-OOM cleaning-up mechanism can eliminate
the necessity of enabling panic_on_oom. Also, it can simplify the cgroup
management for userspace applications.
This commit introduces a new knob for cgroup v2 memory controller:
memory.oom.group. The knob determines whether the cgroup should be
treated as an indivisible workload by the OOM killer. If set, all tasks
belonging to the cgroup or to its descendants (if the memory cgroup is not
a leaf cgroup) are killed together or not at all.
To determine which cgroup has to be killed, we do traverse the cgroup
hierarchy from the victim task's cgroup up to the OOMing cgroup (or root)
and looking for the highest-level cgroup with memory.oom.group set.
Tasks with the OOM protection (oom_score_adj set to -1000) are treated as
an exception and are never killed.
This patch doesn't change the OOM victim selection algorithm.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180802003201.817-4-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently cgroup-v1's memcg_stat_show traverses the memcg tree ~17 times
to collect the stats while cgroup-v2's memory_stat_show traverses the
memcg tree thrice. On a large machine, a couple thousand memcgs is very
normal and if the churn is high and memcgs stick around during to several
reasons, tens of thousands of nodes in memcg tree can exist. This patch
has refactored and shared the stat collection code between cgroup-v1 and
cgroup-v2 and has reduced the tree traversal to just one.
I ran a simple benchmark which reads the root_mem_cgroup's stat file
1000 times in the presense of 2500 memcgs on cgroup-v1. The results are:
Without the patch:
$ time ./read-root-stat-1000-times
real 0m1.663s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.660s
With the patch:
$ time ./read-root-stat-1000-times
real 0m0.468s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.467s
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180724224635.143944-1-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Bruce Merry <bmerry@ska.ac.za>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To avoid further unneed calls of do_shrink_slab() for shrinkers, which
already do not have any charged objects in a memcg, their bits have to
be cleared.
This patch introduces a lockless mechanism to do that without races
without parallel list lru add. After do_shrink_slab() returns
SHRINK_EMPTY the first time, we clear the bit and call it once again.
Then we restore the bit, if the new return value is different.
Note, that single smp_mb__after_atomic() in shrink_slab_memcg() covers
two situations:
1)list_lru_add() shrink_slab_memcg
list_add_tail() for_each_set_bit() <--- read bit
do_shrink_slab() <--- missed list update (no barrier)
<MB> <MB>
set_bit() do_shrink_slab() <--- seen list update
This situation, when the first do_shrink_slab() sees set bit, but it
doesn't see list update (i.e., race with the first element queueing), is
rare. So we don't add <MB> before the first call of do_shrink_slab()
instead of this to do not slow down generic case. Also, it's need the
second call as seen in below in (2).
2)list_lru_add() shrink_slab_memcg()
list_add_tail() ...
set_bit() ...
... for_each_set_bit()
do_shrink_slab() do_shrink_slab()
clear_bit() ...
... ...
list_lru_add() ...
list_add_tail() clear_bit()
<MB> <MB>
set_bit() do_shrink_slab()
The barriers guarantee that the second do_shrink_slab() in the right
side task sees list update if really cleared the bit. This case is
drawn in the code comment.
[Results/performance of the patchset]
After the whole patchset applied the below test shows signify increase
of performance:
$echo 1 > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.use_hierarchy
$mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct
$echo 4000M > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/memory.kmem.limit_in_bytes
$for i in `seq 0 4000`; do mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/$i;
echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ct/$i/cgroup.procs;
mkdir -p s/$i; mount -t tmpfs $i s/$i;
touch s/$i/file; done
Then, 5 sequential calls of drop caches:
$time echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
1)Before:
0.00user 13.78system 0:13.78elapsed 99%CPU
0.00user 5.59system 0:05.60elapsed 99%CPU
0.00user 5.48system 0:05.48elapsed 99%CPU
0.00user 8.35system 0:08.35elapsed 99%CPU
0.00user 8.34system 0:08.35elapsed 99%CPU
2)After
0.00user 1.10system 0:01.10elapsed 99%CPU
0.00user 0.00system 0:00.01elapsed 64%CPU
0.00user 0.01system 0:00.01elapsed 82%CPU
0.00user 0.00system 0:00.01elapsed 64%CPU
0.00user 0.01system 0:00.01elapsed 82%CPU
The results show the performance increases at least in 548 times.
Shakeel Butt tested this patchset with fork-bomb on his configuration:
> I created 255 memcgs, 255 ext4 mounts and made each memcg create a
> file containing few KiBs on corresponding mount. Then in a separate
> memcg of 200 MiB limit ran a fork-bomb.
>
> I ran the "perf record -ag -- sleep 60" and below are the results:
>
> Without the patch series:
> Samples: 4M of event 'cycles', Event count (approx.): 3279403076005
> + 36.40% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_slab
> + 18.97% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] list_lru_count_one
> + 6.75% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] super_cache_count
> + 0.49% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] down_read_trylock
> + 0.44% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mem_cgroup_iter
> + 0.27% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] up_read
> + 0.21% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] osq_lock
> + 0.13% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shmem_unused_huge_count
> + 0.08% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_node_memcg
> + 0.08% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_node
>
> With the patch series:
> Samples: 4M of event 'cycles', Event count (approx.): 2756866824946
> + 47.49% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] down_read_trylock
> + 30.72% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] up_read
> + 9.51% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mem_cgroup_iter
> + 1.69% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_node_memcg
> + 1.35% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mem_cgroup_protected
> + 1.05% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] queued_spin_lock_slowpath
> + 0.85% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] _raw_spin_lock
> + 0.78% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] lruvec_lru_size
> + 0.57% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_node
> + 0.54% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] queue_work_on
> + 0.46% fb.sh [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_slab_memcg
[ktkhai@virtuozzo.com: v9]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153112561772.4097.11011071937553113003.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063070859.1818.11870882950920963480.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce set_shrinker_bit() function to set shrinker-related bit in
memcg shrinker bitmap, and set the bit after the first item is added and
in case of reparenting destroyed memcg's items.
This will allow next patch to make shrinkers be called only, in case of
they have charged objects at the moment, and to improve shrink_slab()
performance.
[ktkhai@virtuozzo.com: v9]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153112557572.4097.17315791419810749985.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063065671.1818.15914674956134687268.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is just refactoring to allow the next patches to have dst_memcg
pointer in memcg_drain_list_lru_node().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063062118.1818.2761273817739499749.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Imagine a big node with many cpus, memory cgroups and containers. Let
we have 200 containers, every container has 10 mounts, and 10 cgroups.
All container tasks don't touch foreign containers mounts. If there is
intensive pages write, and global reclaim happens, a writing task has to
iterate over all memcgs to shrink slab, before it's able to go to
shrink_page_list().
Iteration over all the memcg slabs is very expensive: the task has to
visit 200 * 10 = 2000 shrinkers for every memcg, and since there are
2000 memcgs, the total calls are 2000 * 2000 = 4000000.
So, the shrinker makes 4 million do_shrink_slab() calls just to try to
isolate SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX pages in one of the actively writing memcg via
shrink_page_list(). I've observed a node spending almost 100% in
kernel, making useless iteration over already shrinked slab.
This patch adds bitmap of memcg-aware shrinkers to memcg. The size of
the bitmap depends on bitmap_nr_ids, and during memcg life it's
maintained to be enough to fit bitmap_nr_ids shrinkers. Every bit in
the map is related to corresponding shrinker id.
Next patches will maintain set bit only for really charged memcg. This
will allow shrink_slab() to increase its performance in significant way.
See the last patch for the numbers.
[ktkhai@virtuozzo.com: v9]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153112549031.4097.3576147070498769979.stgit@localhost.localdomain
[ktkhai@virtuozzo.com: add comment to mem_cgroup_css_online()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/521f9e5f-c436-b388-fe83-4dc870bfb489@virtuozzo.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063056619.1818.12550500883688681076.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Next patch requires these defines are above their current position, so
here they are moved to declarations.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063055665.1818.5200425793649695598.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce new config option, which is used to replace repeating
CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB pattern. Next patches add a little more
memcg+kmem related code, so let's keep the defines more clearly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/153063053670.1818.15013136946600481138.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Sahitya Tummala <stummala@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 3812c8c8f3 ("mm: memcg: do not trap chargers with full
callstack on OOM") has changed the ENOMEM semantic of memcg charges.
Rather than invoking the oom killer from the charging context it delays
the oom killer to the page fault path (pagefault_out_of_memory). This
in turn means that many users (e.g. slab or g-u-p) will get ENOMEM when
the corresponding memcg hits the hard limit and the memcg is is OOM.
This is behavior is inconsistent with !memcg case where the oom killer
is invoked from the allocation context and the allocator keeps retrying
until it succeeds.
The difference in the behavior is user visible. mmap(MAP_POPULATE)
might result in not fully populated ranges while the mmap return code
doesn't tell that to the userspace. Random syscalls might fail with
ENOMEM etc.
The primary motivation of the different memcg oom semantic was the
deadlock avoidance. Things have changed since then, though. We have an
async oom teardown by the oom reaper now and so we do not have to rely
on the victim to tear down its memory anymore. Therefore we can return
to the original semantic as long as the memcg oom killer is not handed
over to the users space.
There is still one thing to be careful about here though. If the oom
killer is not able to make any forward progress - e.g. because there is
no eligible task to kill - then we have to bail out of the charge path
to prevent from same class of deadlocks. We have basically two options
here. Either we fail the charge with ENOMEM or force the charge and
allow overcharge. The first option has been considered more harmful
than useful because rare inconsistencies in the ENOMEM behavior is hard
to test for and error prone. Basically the same reason why the page
allocator doesn't fail allocations under such conditions. The later
might allow runaways but those should be really unlikely unless somebody
misconfigures the system. E.g. allowing to migrate tasks away from the
memcg to a different unlimited memcg with move_charge_at_immigrate
disabled.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180628151101.25307-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The buffer_head can consume a significant amount of system memory and is
directly related to the amount of page cache. In our production
environment we have observed that a lot of machines are spending a
significant amount of memory as buffer_head and can not be left as
system memory overhead.
Charging buffer_head is not as simple as adding __GFP_ACCOUNT to the
allocation. The buffer_heads can be allocated in a memcg different from
the memcg of the page for which buffer_heads are being allocated. One
concrete example is memory reclaim. The reclaim can trigger I/O of
pages of any memcg on the system. So, the right way to charge
buffer_head is to extract the memcg from the page for which buffer_heads
are being allocated and then use targeted memcg charging API.
[shakeelb@google.com: use __GFP_ACCOUNT for directed memcg charging]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180702220208.213380-1-shakeelb@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180627191250.209150-3-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Directed kmem charging", v8.
The Linux kernel's memory cgroup allows limiting the memory usage of the
jobs running on the system to provide isolation between the jobs. All
the kernel memory allocated in the context of the job and marked with
__GFP_ACCOUNT will also be included in the memory usage and be limited
by the job's limit.
The kernel memory can only be charged to the memcg of the process in
whose context kernel memory was allocated. However there are cases
where the allocated kernel memory should be charged to the memcg
different from the current processes's memcg. This patch series
contains two such concrete use-cases i.e. fsnotify and buffer_head.
The fsnotify event objects can consume a lot of system memory for large
or unlimited queues if there is either no or slow listener. The events
are allocated in the context of the event producer. However they should
be charged to the event consumer. Similarly the buffer_head objects can
be allocated in a memcg different from the memcg of the page for which
buffer_head objects are being allocated.
To solve this issue, this patch series introduces mechanism to charge
kernel memory to a given memcg. In case of fsnotify events, the memcg
of the consumer can be used for charging and for buffer_head, the memcg
of the page can be charged. For directed charging, the caller can use
the scope API memalloc_[un]use_memcg() to specify the memcg to charge
for all the __GFP_ACCOUNT allocations within the scope.
This patch (of 2):
A lot of memory can be consumed by the events generated for the huge or
unlimited queues if there is either no or slow listener. This can cause
system level memory pressure or OOMs. So, it's better to account the
fsnotify kmem caches to the memcg of the listener.
However the listener can be in a different memcg than the memcg of the
producer and these allocations happen in the context of the event
producer. This patch introduces remote memcg charging API which the
producer can use to charge the allocations to the memcg of the listener.
There are seven fsnotify kmem caches and among them allocations from
dnotify_struct_cache, dnotify_mark_cache, fanotify_mark_cache and
inotify_inode_mark_cachep happens in the context of syscall from the
listener. So, SLAB_ACCOUNT is enough for these caches.
The objects from fsnotify_mark_connector_cachep are not accounted as
they are small compared to the notification mark or events and it is
unclear whom to account connector to since it is shared by all events
attached to the inode.
The allocations from the event caches happen in the context of the event
producer. For such caches we will need to remote charge the allocations
to the listener's memcg. Thus we save the memcg reference in the
fsnotify_group structure of the listener.
This patch has also moved the members of fsnotify_group to keep the size
same, at least for 64 bit build, even with additional member by filling
the holes.
[shakeelb@google.com: use GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT rather than open-coding it]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180702215439.211597-1-shakeelb@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180627191250.209150-2-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'for-4.19/block-20180812' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull block updates from Jens Axboe:
"First pull request for this merge window, there will also be a
followup request with some stragglers.
This pull request contains:
- Fix for a thundering heard issue in the wbt block code (Anchal
Agarwal)
- A few NVMe pull requests:
* Improved tracepoints (Keith)
* Larger inline data support for RDMA (Steve Wise)
* RDMA setup/teardown fixes (Sagi)
* Effects log suppor for NVMe target (Chaitanya Kulkarni)
* Buffered IO suppor for NVMe target (Chaitanya Kulkarni)
* TP4004 (ANA) support (Christoph)
* Various NVMe fixes
- Block io-latency controller support. Much needed support for
properly containing block devices. (Josef)
- Series improving how we handle sense information on the stack
(Kees)
- Lightnvm fixes and updates/improvements (Mathias/Javier et al)
- Zoned device support for null_blk (Matias)
- AIX partition fixes (Mauricio Faria de Oliveira)
- DIF checksum code made generic (Max Gurtovoy)
- Add support for discard in iostats (Michael Callahan / Tejun)
- Set of updates for BFQ (Paolo)
- Removal of async write support for bsg (Christoph)
- Bio page dirtying and clone fixups (Christoph)
- Set of bcache fix/changes (via Coly)
- Series improving blk-mq queue setup/teardown speed (Ming)
- Series improving merging performance on blk-mq (Ming)
- Lots of other fixes and cleanups from a slew of folks"
* tag 'for-4.19/block-20180812' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (190 commits)
blkcg: Make blkg_root_lookup() work for queues in bypass mode
bcache: fix error setting writeback_rate through sysfs interface
null_blk: add lock drop/acquire annotation
Blk-throttle: reduce tail io latency when iops limit is enforced
block: paride: pd: mark expected switch fall-throughs
block: Ensure that a request queue is dissociated from the cgroup controller
block: Introduce blk_exit_queue()
blkcg: Introduce blkg_root_lookup()
block: Remove two superfluous #include directives
blk-mq: count the hctx as active before allocating tag
block: bvec_nr_vecs() returns value for wrong slab
bcache: trivial - remove tailing backslash in macro BTREE_FLAG
bcache: make the pr_err statement used for ENOENT only in sysfs_attatch section
bcache: set max writeback rate when I/O request is idle
bcache: add code comments for bset.c
bcache: fix mistaken comments in request.c
bcache: fix mistaken code comments in bcache.h
bcache: add a comment in super.c
bcache: avoid unncessary cache prefetch bch_btree_node_get()
bcache: display rate debug parameters to 0 when writeback is not running
...
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Merge tag 'v4.18-rc6' into for-4.19/block2
Pull in 4.18-rc6 to get the NVMe core AEN change to avoid a
merge conflict down the line.
Signed-of-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In case of memcg_online_kmem() failure, memcg_cgroup::id remains hashed
in mem_cgroup_idr even after memcg memory is freed. This leads to leak
of ID in mem_cgroup_idr.
This patch adds removal into mem_cgroup_css_alloc(), which fixes the
problem. For better readability, it adds a generic helper which is used
in mem_cgroup_alloc() and mem_cgroup_id_put_many() as well.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/152354470916.22460.14397070748001974638.stgit@localhost.localdomain
Fixes 73f576c04b ("mm: memcontrol: fix cgroup creation failure after many small jobs")
Signed-off-by: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was reported that a kernel crash happened in mem_cgroup_iter(), which
can be triggered if the legacy cgroup-v1 non-hierarchical mode is used.
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 6b6b6b6b6b6b8f
......
Call trace:
mem_cgroup_iter+0x2e0/0x6d4
shrink_zone+0x8c/0x324
balance_pgdat+0x450/0x640
kswapd+0x130/0x4b8
kthread+0xe8/0xfc
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
mem_cgroup_iter():
......
if (css_tryget(css)) <-- crash here
break;
......
The crashing reason is that mem_cgroup_iter() uses the memcg object whose
pointer is stored in iter->position, which has been freed before and
filled with POISON_FREE(0x6b).
And the root cause of the use-after-free issue is that
invalidate_reclaim_iterators() fails to reset the value of iter->position
to NULL when the css of the memcg is released in non- hierarchical mode.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1531994807-25639-1-git-send-email-jing.xia@unisoc.com
Fixes: 6df38689e0 ("mm: memcontrol: fix possible memcg leak due to interrupted reclaim")
Signed-off-by: Jing Xia <jing.xia.mail@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: <chunyan.zhang@unisoc.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memory allocations can induce swapping via kswapd or direct reclaim. If
we are having IO done for us by kswapd and don't actually go into direct
reclaim we may never get scheduled for throttling. So instead check to
see if our cgroup is congested, and if so schedule the throttling.
Before we return to user space the throttling stuff will only throttle
if we actually required it.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Commit e27be240df ("mm: memcg: make sure memory.events is uptodate
when waking pollers") converted most of memcg event counters to
per-memcg atomics, which made them less confusing for a user. The
"oom_kill" counter remained untouched, so now it behaves differently
than other counters (including "oom"). This adds nothing but confusion.
Let's fix this by adding the MEMCG_OOM_KILL event, and follow the
MEMCG_OOM approach.
This also removes a hack from count_memcg_event_mm(), introduced earlier
specially for the OOM_KILL counter.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix for droppage of memcg-replace-mm-owner-with-mm-memcg.patch]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180508124637.29984-1-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently an attempt to set swap.max into a value lower than the actual
swap usage fails, which causes configuration problems as there's no way
of lowering the configuration below the current usage short of turning
off swap entirely. This makes swap.max difficult to use and allows
delegatees to lock the delegator out of reducing swap allocation.
This patch updates swap_max_write() so that the limit can be lowered
below the current usage. It doesn't implement active reclaiming of swap
entries for the following reasons.
* mem_cgroup_swap_full() already tells the swap machinary to
aggressively reclaim swap entries if the usage is above 50% of
limit, so simply lowering the limit automatically triggers gradual
reclaim.
* Forcing back swapped out pages is likely to heavily impact the
workload and mess up the working set. Given that swap usually is a
lot less valuable and less scarce, letting the existing usage
dissipate over time through the above gradual reclaim and as they're
falted back in is likely the better behavior.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180523185041.GR1718769@devbig577.frc2.facebook.com
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memory controller implements the memory.low best-effort memory
protection mechanism, which works perfectly in many cases and allows
protecting working sets of important workloads from sudden reclaim.
But its semantics has a significant limitation: it works only as long as
there is a supply of reclaimable memory. This makes it pretty useless
against any sort of slow memory leaks or memory usage increases. This
is especially true for swapless systems. If swap is enabled, memory
soft protection effectively postpones problems, allowing a leaking
application to fill all swap area, which makes no sense. The only
effective way to guarantee the memory protection in this case is to
invoke the OOM killer.
It's possible to handle this case in userspace by reacting on MEMCG_LOW
events; but there is still a place for a fail-safe in-kernel mechanism
to provide stronger guarantees.
This patch introduces the memory.min interface for cgroup v2 memory
controller. It works very similarly to memory.low (sharing the same
hierarchical behavior), except that it's not disabled if there is no
more reclaimable memory in the system.
If cgroup is not populated, its memory.min is ignored, because otherwise
even the OOM killer wouldn't be able to reclaim the protected memory,
and the system can stall.
[guro@fb.com: s/low/min/ in docs]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180510130758.GA9129@castle.DHCP.thefacebook.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180509180734.GA4856@castle.DHCP.thefacebook.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The per-cpu memcg stock can retain a charge of upto 32 pages. On a
machine with large number of cpus, this can amount to a decent amount of
memory. Additionally force_empty interface might be triggering unneeded
memcg reclaims.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180507201651.165879-1-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Resizing the memcg limit for cgroup-v2 drains the stocks before
triggering the memcg reclaim. Do the same for cgroup-v1 to make the
behavior consistent.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180504205548.110696-1-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Mark memcg1_events static: it's only used by memcontrol.c. And mark it
const: it's not modified.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180503192940.94971-1-gthelen@google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_cgwb_list is a very simple wrapper and it will never be used
outside of code under CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK. so use memcg->cgwb_list
directly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1524406173-212182-1-git-send-email-wanglong19@meituan.com
Signed-off-by: Wang Long <wanglong19@meituan.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If memcg's usage is equal to the memory.low value, avoid reclaiming from
this cgroup while there is a surplus of reclaimable memory.
This sounds more logical and also matches memory.high and memory.max
behavior: both are inclusive.
Empty cgroups are not considered protected, so MEMCG_LOW events are not
emitted for empty cgroups, if there is no more reclaimable memory in the
system.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406122132.GA7185@castle
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch aims to address an issue in current memory.low semantics,
which makes it hard to use it in a hierarchy, where some leaf memory
cgroups are more valuable than others.
For example, there are memcgs A, A/B, A/C, A/D and A/E:
A A/memory.low = 2G, A/memory.current = 6G
//\\
BC DE B/memory.low = 3G B/memory.current = 2G
C/memory.low = 1G C/memory.current = 2G
D/memory.low = 0 D/memory.current = 2G
E/memory.low = 10G E/memory.current = 0
If we apply memory pressure, B, C and D are reclaimed at the same pace
while A's usage exceeds 2G. This is obviously wrong, as B's usage is
fully below B's memory.low, and C has 1G of protection as well. Also, A
is pushed to the size, which is less than A's 2G memory.low, which is
also wrong.
A simple bash script (provided below) can be used to reproduce
the problem. Current results are:
A: 1430097920
A/B: 711929856
A/C: 717426688
A/D: 741376
A/E: 0
To address the issue a concept of effective memory.low is introduced.
Effective memory.low is always equal or less than original memory.low.
In a case, when there is no memory.low overcommittment (and also for
top-level cgroups), these two values are equal.
Otherwise it's a part of parent's effective memory.low, calculated as a
cgroup's memory.low usage divided by sum of sibling's memory.low usages
(under memory.low usage I mean the size of actually protected memory:
memory.current if memory.current < memory.low, 0 otherwise). It's
necessary to track the actual usage, because otherwise an empty cgroup
with memory.low set (A/E in my example) will affect actual memory
distribution, which makes no sense. To avoid traversing the cgroup tree
twice, page_counters code is reused.
Calculating effective memory.low can be done in the reclaim path, as we
conveniently traversing the cgroup tree from top to bottom and check
memory.low on each level. So, it's a perfect place to calculate
effective memory low and save it to use it for children cgroups.
This also eliminates a need to traverse the cgroup tree from bottom to
top each time to check if parent's guarantee is not exceeded.
Setting/resetting effective memory.low is intentionally racy, but it's
fine and shouldn't lead to any significant differences in actual memory
distribution.
With this patch applied results are matching the expectations:
A: 2147930112
A/B: 1428721664
A/C: 718393344
A/D: 815104
A/E: 0
Test script:
#!/bin/bash
CGPATH="/sys/fs/cgroup"
truncate /file1 --size 2G
truncate /file2 --size 2G
truncate /file3 --size 2G
truncate /file4 --size 50G
mkdir "${CGPATH}/A"
echo "+memory" > "${CGPATH}/A/cgroup.subtree_control"
mkdir "${CGPATH}/A/B" "${CGPATH}/A/C" "${CGPATH}/A/D" "${CGPATH}/A/E"
echo 2G > "${CGPATH}/A/memory.low"
echo 3G > "${CGPATH}/A/B/memory.low"
echo 1G > "${CGPATH}/A/C/memory.low"
echo 0 > "${CGPATH}/A/D/memory.low"
echo 10G > "${CGPATH}/A/E/memory.low"
echo $$ > "${CGPATH}/A/B/cgroup.procs" && vmtouch -qt /file1
echo $$ > "${CGPATH}/A/C/cgroup.procs" && vmtouch -qt /file2
echo $$ > "${CGPATH}/A/D/cgroup.procs" && vmtouch -qt /file3
echo $$ > "${CGPATH}/cgroup.procs" && vmtouch -qt /file4
echo "A: " `cat "${CGPATH}/A/memory.current"`
echo "A/B: " `cat "${CGPATH}/A/B/memory.current"`
echo "A/C: " `cat "${CGPATH}/A/C/memory.current"`
echo "A/D: " `cat "${CGPATH}/A/D/memory.current"`
echo "A/E: " `cat "${CGPATH}/A/E/memory.current"`
rmdir "${CGPATH}/A/B" "${CGPATH}/A/C" "${CGPATH}/A/D" "${CGPATH}/A/E"
rmdir "${CGPATH}/A"
rm /file1 /file2 /file3 /file4
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180405185921.4942-2-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch renames struct page_counter fields:
count -> usage
limit -> max
and the corresponding functions:
page_counter_limit() -> page_counter_set_max()
mem_cgroup_get_limit() -> mem_cgroup_get_max()
mem_cgroup_resize_limit() -> mem_cgroup_resize_max()
memcg_update_kmem_limit() -> memcg_update_kmem_max()
memcg_update_tcp_limit() -> memcg_update_tcp_max()
The idea behind this renaming is to have the direct matching
between memory cgroup knobs (low, high, max) and page_counters API.
This is pure renaming, this patch doesn't bring any functional change.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180405185921.4942-1-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add swap max and fail events so that userland can monitor and respond to
running out of swap.
I'm not too sure about the fail event. Right now, it's a bit confusing
which stats / events are recursive and which aren't and also which ones
reflect events which originate from a given cgroup and which targets the
cgroup. No idea what the right long term solution is and it could just
be that growing them organically is actually the only right thing to do.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180416231151.GI1911913@devbig577.frc2.facebook.com
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm, memcontrol: Implement memory.swap.events", v2.
This patchset implements memory.swap.events which contains max and fail
events so that userland can monitor and respond to swap running out.
This patch (of 2):
get_swap_page() is always followed by mem_cgroup_try_charge_swap().
This patch moves mem_cgroup_try_charge_swap() into get_swap_page() and
makes get_swap_page() call the function even after swap allocation
failure.
This simplifies the callers and consolidates memcg related logic and
will ease adding swap related memcg events.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180416230934.GH1911913@devbig577.frc2.facebook.com
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These abstract out calls to the poll method in preparation for changes
in how we poll.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Remove the address_space ->tree_lock and use the xa_lock newly added to
the radix_tree_root. Rename the address_space ->page_tree to ->i_pages,
since we don't really care that it's a tree.
[willy@infradead.org: fix nds32, fs/dax.c]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406145415.GB20605@bombadil.infradead.orgLink: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180313132639.17387-9-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
syzbot has triggered a NULL ptr dereference when allocation fault
injection enforces a failure and alloc_mem_cgroup_per_node_info
initializes memcg->nodeinfo only half way through.
But __mem_cgroup_free still tries to free all per-node data and
dereferences pn->lruvec_stat_cpu unconditioanlly even if the specific
per-node data hasn't been initialized.
The bug is quite unlikely to hit because small allocations do not fail
and we would need quite some numa nodes to make struct
mem_cgroup_per_node large enough to cross the costly order.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406100906.17790-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Reported-by: syzbot+8a5de3cce7cdc70e9ebe@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 00f3ca2c2d ("mm: memcontrol: per-lruvec stats infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit a983b5ebee ("mm: memcontrol: fix excessive complexity in
memory.stat reporting") added per-cpu drift to all memory cgroup stats
and events shown in memory.stat and memory.events.
For memory.stat this is acceptable. But memory.events issues file
notifications, and somebody polling the file for changes will be
confused when the counters in it are unchanged after a wakeup.
Luckily, the events in memory.events - MEMCG_LOW, MEMCG_HIGH, MEMCG_MAX,
MEMCG_OOM - are sufficiently rare and high-level that we don't need
per-cpu buffering for them: MEMCG_HIGH and MEMCG_MAX would be the most
frequent, but they're counting invocations of reclaim, which is a
complex operation that touches many shared cachelines.
This splits memory.events from the generic VM events and tracks them in
their own, unbuffered atomic counters. That's also cleaner, as it
eliminates the ugly enum nesting of VM and cgroup events.
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: "array subscript is above array bounds"]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406155441.GA20806@cmpxchg.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180405175507.GA24817@cmpxchg.org
Fixes: a983b5ebee ("mm: memcontrol: fix excessive complexity in memory.stat reporting")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A THP memcg charge can trigger the oom killer since 2516035499 ("mm,
thp: remove __GFP_NORETRY from khugepaged and madvised allocations").
We have used an explicit __GFP_NORETRY previously which ruled the OOM
killer automagically.
Memcg charge path should be semantically compliant with the allocation
path and that means that if we do not trigger the OOM killer for costly
orders which should do the same in the memcg charge path as well.
Otherwise we are forcing callers to distinguish the two and use
different gfp masks which is both non-intuitive and bug prone. As soon
as we get a costly high order kmalloc user we even do not have any means
to tell the memcg specific gfp mask to prevent from OOM because the
charging is deep within guts of the slab allocator.
The unexpected memcg OOM on THP has already been fixed upstream by
9d3c3354bb ("mm, thp: do not cause memcg oom for thp") but this is a
one-off fix rather than a generic solution. Teach mem_cgroup_oom to
bail out on costly order requests to fix the THP issue as well as any
other costly OOM eligible allocations to be added in future.
Also revert 9d3c3354bb because special gfp for THP is no longer
needed.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180403193129.22146-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Fixes: 2516035499 ("mm, thp: remove __GFP_NORETRY from khugepaged and madvised allocations")
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are a couple of places where parameter description and function
name do not match the actual code. Fix it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1520843448-17347-1-git-send-email-honglei.wang@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Honglei Wang <honglei.wang@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is the mindless scripted replacement of kernel use of POLL*
variables as described by Al, done by this script:
for V in IN OUT PRI ERR RDNORM RDBAND WRNORM WRBAND HUP RDHUP NVAL MSG; do
L=`git grep -l -w POLL$V | grep -v '^t' | grep -v /um/ | grep -v '^sa' | grep -v '/poll.h$'|grep -v '^D'`
for f in $L; do sed -i "-es/^\([^\"]*\)\(\<POLL$V\>\)/\\1E\\2/" $f; done
done
with de-mangling cleanups yet to come.
NOTE! On almost all architectures, the EPOLL* constants have the same
values as the POLL* constants do. But they keyword here is "almost".
For various bad reasons they aren't the same, and epoll() doesn't
actually work quite correctly in some cases due to this on Sparc et al.
The next patch from Al will sort out the final differences, and we
should be all done.
Scripted-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are several places where parameter descriptions do no match the
actual code. Fix it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1516700871-22279-3-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
so that kernel-doc will properly recognize the parameter and function
descriptions.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1516700871-22279-2-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch effectively reverts commit 9f1c2674b3 ("net: memcontrol:
defer call to mem_cgroup_sk_alloc()").
Moving mem_cgroup_sk_alloc() to the inet_csk_accept() completely breaks
memcg socket memory accounting, as packets received before memcg
pointer initialization are not accounted and are causing refcounting
underflow on socket release.
Actually the free-after-use problem was fixed by
commit c0576e3975 ("net: call cgroup_sk_alloc() earlier in
sk_clone_lock()") for the cgroup pointer.
So, let's revert it and call mem_cgroup_sk_alloc() just before
cgroup_sk_alloc(). This is safe, as we hold a reference to the socket
we're cloning, and it holds a reference to the memcg.
Also, let's drop BUG_ON(mem_cgroup_is_root()) check from
mem_cgroup_sk_alloc(). I see no reasons why bumping the root
memcg counter is a good reason to panic, and there are no realistic
ways to hit it.
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
mem_cgroup_resize_[memsw]_limit() tries to free only 32
(SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX) pages on each iteration. This makes it practically
impossible to decrease limit of memory cgroup. Tasks could easily
allocate back 32 pages, so we can't reduce memory usage, and once
retry_count reaches zero we return -EBUSY.
Easy to reproduce the problem by running the following commands:
mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test
echo $$ >> /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test/tasks
cat big_file > /dev/null &
sleep 1 && echo $((100*1024*1024)) > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test/memory.limit_in_bytes
-bash: echo: write error: Device or resource busy
Instead of relying on retry_count, keep retrying the reclaim until the
desired limit is reached or fail if the reclaim doesn't make any
progress or a signal is pending.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180119132544.19569-1-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix the following sparse warning:
mm/memcontrol.c:1097:14: warning: symbol 'memcg1_stats' was not declared. Should it be static?
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180118193327.14200-1-chrisadr@gentoo.org
Signed-off-by: Christopher Díaz Riveros <chrisadr@gentoo.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_resize_limit() and mem_cgroup_resize_memsw_limit() have
identical logics. Refactor code so we don't need to keep two pieces of
code that does same thing.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180108224238.14583-1-yuzhao@google.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We've seen memory.stat reads in top-level cgroups take up to fourteen
seconds during a userspace bug that created tens of thousands of ghost
cgroups pinned by lingering page cache.
Even with a more reasonable number of cgroups, aggregating memory.stat
is unnecessarily heavy. The complexity is this:
nr_cgroups * nr_stat_items * nr_possible_cpus
where the stat items are ~70 at this point. With 128 cgroups and 128
CPUs - decent, not enormous setups - reading the top-level memory.stat
has to aggregate over a million per-cpu counters. This doesn't scale.
Instead of spreading the source of truth across all CPUs, use the
per-cpu counters merely to batch updates to shared atomic counters.
This is the same as the per-cpu stocks we use for charging memory to the
shared atomic page_counters, and also the way the global vmstat counters
are implemented.
Vmstat has elaborate spilling thresholds that depend on the number of
CPUs, amount of memory, and memory pressure - carefully balancing the
cost of counter updates with the amount of per-cpu error. That's
because the vmstat counters are system-wide, but also used for decisions
inside the kernel (e.g. NR_FREE_PAGES in the allocator). Neither is
true for the memory controller.
Use the same static batch size we already use for page_counter updates
during charging. The per-cpu error in the stats will be 128k, which is
an acceptable ratio of cores to memory accounting granularity.
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: fix warning in __this_cpu_xchg() calls]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171201135750.GB8097@cmpxchg.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103153336.24044-3-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace all raw 'this_cpu_' modifications of the stat and event per-cpu
counters with API functions such as mod_memcg_state().
This makes the code easier to read, but is also in preparation for the
next patch, which changes the per-cpu implementation of those counters.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103153336.24044-1-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull poll annotations from Al Viro:
"This introduces a __bitwise type for POLL### bitmap, and propagates
the annotations through the tree. Most of that stuff is as simple as
'make ->poll() instances return __poll_t and do the same to local
variables used to hold the future return value'.
Some of the obvious brainos found in process are fixed (e.g. POLLIN
misspelled as POLL_IN). At that point the amount of sparse warnings is
low and most of them are for genuine bugs - e.g. ->poll() instance
deciding to return -EINVAL instead of a bitmap. I hadn't touched those
in this series - it's large enough as it is.
Another problem it has caught was eventpoll() ABI mess; select.c and
eventpoll.c assumed that corresponding POLL### and EPOLL### were
equal. That's true for some, but not all of them - EPOLL### are
arch-independent, but POLL### are not.
The last commit in this series separates userland POLL### values from
the (now arch-independent) kernel-side ones, converting between them
in the few places where they are copied to/from userland. AFAICS, this
is the least disruptive fix preserving poll(2) ABI and making epoll()
work on all architectures.
As it is, it's simply broken on sparc - try to give it EPOLLWRNORM and
it will trigger only on what would've triggered EPOLLWRBAND on other
architectures. EPOLLWRBAND and EPOLLRDHUP, OTOH, are never triggered
at all on sparc. With this patch they should work consistently on all
architectures"
* 'misc.poll' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (37 commits)
make kernel-side POLL... arch-independent
eventpoll: no need to mask the result of epi_item_poll() again
eventpoll: constify struct epoll_event pointers
debugging printk in sg_poll() uses %x to print POLL... bitmap
annotate poll(2) guts
9p: untangle ->poll() mess
->si_band gets POLL... bitmap stored into a user-visible long field
ring_buffer_poll_wait() return value used as return value of ->poll()
the rest of drivers/*: annotate ->poll() instances
media: annotate ->poll() instances
fs: annotate ->poll() instances
ipc, kernel, mm: annotate ->poll() instances
net: annotate ->poll() instances
apparmor: annotate ->poll() instances
tomoyo: annotate ->poll() instances
sound: annotate ->poll() instances
acpi: annotate ->poll() instances
crypto: annotate ->poll() instances
block: annotate ->poll() instances
x86: annotate ->poll() instances
...
Commit d6810d7300 ("memcg, THP, swap: make mem_cgroup_swapout()
support THP") changed mem_cgroup_swapout() to support transparent huge
page (THP).
However the patch missed one location which should be changed for
correctly handling THPs. The resulting bug will cause the memory
cgroups whose THPs were swapped out to become zombies on deletion.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171128161941.20931-1-shakeelb@google.com
Fixes: d6810d7300 ("memcg, THP, swap: make mem_cgroup_swapout() support THP")
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__poll_t is also used as wait key in some waitqueues.
Verify that wait_..._poll() gets __poll_t as key and
provide a helper for wakeup functions to get back to
that __poll_t value.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Johannes Weiner
Roman Gushchin
Shakeel Butt
Kirill Tkhai
Michal Hocko
Linus Torvalds
Jens Axboe
Jing Xia
Tejun Heo
Junaid Shahid
Greg Thelen
Wang Long
Christoph Hellwig
Minchan Kim
Matthew Wilcox
Honglei Wang
Mike Rapoport
Andrey Ryabinin
Christopher Díaz Riveros
Yu Zhao
Al Viro