Now that input core insists on having dev->absinfo when device claims to
generate EV_ABS in its dev->evbit, we should not be blindly setting that
bit.
The code in question might have been needed before input_set_abs_params()
started setting EV_ABS in device's evbit, but not anymore, and is now
breaking devices such as SMART SPNL-6075 Touchscreen.
Fixes: 6ecfe51b40 ("Input: refuse to register absolute devices ...")
Reported-by: Matthias Fend <Matthias.Fend@wolfvision.net>
Tested-by: Matthias Fend <Matthias.Fend@wolfvision.net>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Instead of unconditionally expiring the timer and calling a long
mt_release_contacts(), we can check if some slots are used when the
timer expires.
We can also remove the timer if we happen to receive all the releases.
The logic behind the MT_IO_FLAGS_PENDING_SLOTS could be implemented by
counting how many slots are active, but using bits feels slightly more
efficient.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Arek Burdach <arek.burdach@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Instead of blindly trusting the hardware to send us release, we should
consider some events can get lost and release them when we judge time has
come.
The Windows 8 spec allows to be confident in the fact that the device
will continuously report events when a finger touches the surface.
This has been tested on the HID recording database I have, and all of
those devices behave properly.
Also, Arek tested it on his Lenovo Yoga 910, which exports such bug in
some situations, when the movements are rather slow.
We use an atomic bit here to guard against concurrent accesses to the mt
slots because both mt_process_mt_event() and mt_expired_timeout() are
called in interrupt context.
Signed-off-by: Arek Burdach <arek.burdach@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Arek Burdach <arek.burdach@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
(1 << X) is wrong. We should use BIT(X)
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Arek Burdach <arek.burdach@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Add Google Rose Touchpad USB PID and required quirks.
Signed-off-by: Wei-Ning Huang <wnhuang@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Support PTP Stick and Touchpad device. This Touchpad is Precision Touchpad
(PTP), and Stick Pointer data is the same as Mouse; Stick Pointer works as
Mouse.
[jkosina@suse.cz: changelog deuglification]
Signed-off-by: Masaki Ota <masaki.ota@jp.alps.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Quoting from Jonathan Clarke in previous thread(2017/01/24):
"This division by 2 was added along with the touch width/height fields 6 years
ago so that those fields 'match the visual scale of the touch' for a specific
device (3M PCT)" "The scaling is also discarding information about touch size
(1 bit for each of width/height) which is useful for any application that wants
to know about it."
Jonathan mentioned just what I thought in a new project recently. It dosen't
make sense to discard 1 bit width/height in general case according to the spec
in multi-touch-protocol.txt so I would like to make a slight change here.
A quirk MT_QUIRK_TOUCH_SIZE_SCALING was added to service devices like 3M PCT
with a special visual scale and the division by 2 only take effect with devices
like that.
[jkosina@suse.cz: reformat changelog]
Signed-off-by: HungNien Chen <hn.chen@weidahitech.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The LG Melfas touchscreen has a bad firmware where it declares the Contact ID
field as constant while it shouldn't. This messes up the autodetection and the
reporting of the events by hid-multitouch given that hid-input ignores constant
fields.
The autodetection is simply worked around by manually adding the device to
hid_have_special_driver[].
The processing of the events requires either a report fixup, or some specific
case handling. Given that the report fixup would require to basically rewrite
all the report descriptor, I went for the programatic way of fixing that after
the report descriptors are loaded.
Link: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1416181
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
We already have in place a quirk for Windows 8 devices, but it looks
like the Surface Cover are not conforming to it.
Given that we are only interested in 3 feature reports (the ones that
the Windows driver retrieves), we should be safe to unconditionally apply
the quirk to everybody.
In case there is an issue with a controller, we can always mark it as such
in the transport driver, and hid-multitouch won't try to retrieve the
feature report.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
There is no reasons to filter out keyboard and consumer control collections
in hid-multitouch.
With the previous hid-input fix, there is now a full support of the Type
Cover and we can remove all specific bits from hid-core and hid-microsoft.
hid-multitouch will automatically set HID_QUIRK_NO_INIT_REPORTS so we can
also remove it from the list of ushbid quirks.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
According to https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/mt604195(v=vs.85).aspx
external buttons have some weird usage mapping:
- Button 2 Indicates Button State for external button for primary
(default left) clicking.
- Button 3 Indicates Button State for external button for secondary
(default right) clicking.
So in the current state, the buttons are mapped to right and middle.
Move the usage by one to correctly map the external buttons.
Tested-by: Chris Chiu <chiu@endlessm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The usage Confidence is mandary to Windows Precision Touchpad devices. If
it is examined in input_mapping on a WIndows Precision Touchpad, a new add
quirk MT_QUIRK_CONFIDENCE desgned for such devices will be applied to the
device. A touch with the confidence bit is not set is determined as
invalid.
Tested on Dell XPS13 9343
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.5+
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> # XPS 13 9350, BIOS 1.4.3
Signed-off-by: Allen Hung <allen_hung@dell.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
This reverts commit 25a84db15b ("HID: multitouch: enable palm rejection
if device implements confidence usage")
The commit enables palm rejection for Win8 Precision Touchpad devices but
the quirk MT_QUIRK_VALID_IS_CONFIDENCE it is using is not working very
properly. This quirk is originally designed for some WIn7 touchscreens. Use
of this for a Win8 Precision Touchpad will cause unexpected pointer jumping
problem.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.5+
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> # XPS 13 9350, BIOS 1.4.3
Signed-off-by: Allen Hung <allen_hung@dell.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The firmware found in the touch screen of an SP3 is buggy and may miss
to send lift off reports for contacts. Try to work around that issue by
using MT_QUIRK_NOT_SEEN_MEANS_UP.
based on a patch from: Daniel Martin <consume.noise@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
input_mt_get_slot_by_key() requires input_mt_sync_frame() to be called
at each frame. Do it when releasing the touches, or else we won't get
a proper slot number after mt_reset_resume().
Signed-off-by: Gabriele Mazzotta <gabriele.mzt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Benson Leung <bleung@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin TIssoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
When resetting a device (especially after power loss) it is unlikely
that the firmware will keep the contact tracking data for the previous
touches and will be able to reconcile it with the new contacts, so
let's release all slots on reset resume as start anew.
Signed-off-by: Benson Leung <bleung@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The Synaptics 0x11e5 over I2C found in the Asus T100-CHI requires to
fetch the signature blob to actually start sending events.
With this patch, we should be close enough to the Windows driver which
checks the content of the blob at plugin to validate or not the
touchscreen.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=113481
Fixes: 6d4f5440 ("HID: multitouch: Fetch feature reports on demand for Win8 devices")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
This adds a warning message stating that the sysfs group was not able to be
created for the passed hid_device structure pointer with dev_warn.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benajmin.tissoires@redhat.com>
[jkosina@suse.cz: massaged changelog a bit]
[jkosina@suse.cz: reformatted source]
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
as reported by https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=108481
This bug reports mentions 6d4f5440 ("HID: multitouch: Fetch feature
reports on demand for Win8 devices") as the origin of the problem but this
commit actually masked 2 firmware bugs that are annihilating each other:
The report descriptor declares two features in reports 3 and 5:
0x05, 0x0d, // Usage Page (Digitizers) 318
0x09, 0x0e, // Usage (Device Configuration) 320
0xa1, 0x01, // Collection (Application) 322
0x85, 0x03, // Report ID (3) 324
0x09, 0x22, // Usage (Finger) 326
0xa1, 0x00, // Collection (Physical) 328
0x09, 0x52, // Usage (Inputmode) 330
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0) 332
0x25, 0x0a, // Logical Maximum (10) 334
0x75, 0x08, // Report Size (8) 336
0x95, 0x02, // Report Count (2) 338
0xb1, 0x02, // Feature (Data,Var,Abs) 340
0xc0, // End Collection 342
0x09, 0x22, // Usage (Finger) 343
0xa1, 0x00, // Collection (Physical) 345
0x85, 0x05, // Report ID (5) 347
0x09, 0x57, // Usage (Surface Switch) 349
0x09, 0x58, // Usage (Button Switch) 351
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0) 353
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1) 355
0x95, 0x02, // Report Count (2) 357
0x25, 0x03, // Logical Maximum (3) 359
0xb1, 0x02, // Feature (Data,Var,Abs) 361
0x95, 0x0e, // Report Count (14) 363
0xb1, 0x03, // Feature (Cnst,Var,Abs) 365
0xc0, // End Collection 367
The report ID 3 presents 2 input mode features, while only the first one
is handled by the device. Given that we did not checked if one was
previously assigned, we were dealing with the ignored featured and we
should never have been able to switch this panel into the multitouch mode.
However, the firmware presents an other bugs which allowed 6d4f5440
to counteract the faulty report descriptor. When we request the values
of the feature 5, the firmware answers "03 03 00". The fields are correct
but the report id is wrong. Before 6d4f5440, we retrieved all the features
and injected them in the system. So when we called report 5, we injected
in the system the report 3 with the values "03 00".
Setting the second input mode to 03 in this report changed it to "03 03"
and the touchpad switched to the mt mode. We could have set anything
in the second field because the actual value (the first 03 in this report)
was given by the query of report ID 5.
To sum up: 2 bugs in the firmware were hiding that we were accessing the
wrong feature.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The usage Confidence is mandary to Windows Precision Touchpad devices. The
appearance of this usage is checked in hidinput_connect but the quirk
MT_QUIRK_VALID_IS_CONFIDENCE is not applied to device accordingly.
Apply this quirk and also remove quirk MT_QUIRK_ALWAYS_VALID to enable palm
rejection for the WIN 8 touchpad devices which have implemented usage
Confidence in its input reports.
Tested on Dell XPS 13 laptop.
Signed-off-by: Allen Hung <allen_hung@dell.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Some newer Intel Skylake based Dell laptops with Win8 precision touchpad
fail when initial feature reports are fetched from it. Below is an example
output with some additional debug included:
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: Fetching the HID descriptor
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: __i2c_hid_command: cmd=20 00
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: HID Descriptor: 1e 00 00 01 99 02 21 00 24 ...
...
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: i2c_hid_get_report
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: __i2c_hid_command: cmd=22 00 38 02 23 00
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: report (len=4): 04 00 08 05
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: report id 13
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: i2c_hid_get_report
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: __i2c_hid_command: cmd=22 00 3d 02 23 00
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: failed to retrieve report from device.
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: report id 7
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: i2c_hid_get_report
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: __i2c_hid_command: cmd=22 00 37 02 23 00
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: report (len=259): 03 01 07 fc 28 fe 84 40 ...
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: report id 4
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: i2c_hid_get_report
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: __i2c_hid_command: cmd=22 00 34 02 23 00
We manage to fetch few reports but then the touchpad dies:
i2c_designware i2c_designware.1: i2c_dw_handle_tx_abort: lost arbitration
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: failed to retrieve report from device.
it eventually pulls the whole I2C bus low:
i2c_designware i2c_designware.1: controller timed out
i2c_hid i2c-DLL0704:01: failed to set a report to device.
Fix this by preventing initial feature report retrieval for Win8 devices.
Instead we fetch reports as needed in mt_feature_mapping(). This prevents
fetching reports which might cause problems with the device in question.
Suggested-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
When configuring input device via input_configured callback we may
encounter errors (for example input_mt_init_slots() may fail). Instead
of continuing with half-initialized input device let's allow driver
indicate failures.
Signed-off-by: Jaikumar Ganesh <jaikumarg@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nikolai Kondrashov <Nikolai.Kondrashov@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Duggan <aduggan@synaptics.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Instead of printing "UNKNOWN" as device suffix for HID_DG_TOUCHPAD call
the device as "Touchpad".
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Martin <consume.noise@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Fields like HID_DG_CONTACTCOUNT are outside of the physical collection,
but within the application collection and report ID. Make sure to catch
those fields that are not part of the mt_report_id and return 0 so they
can be processed with the pen. Otherwise, the wrong HID_DG_CONTACTCOUNT
will be applied to cc_index and result in dereferencing a null pointer in
mt_touch_report.
Signed-off-by: Brent Adam <brentadam@smarttech.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com>
According to [1], Windows Precision Touchpad devices must supply
a button type usage in the device capabilities feature report. A
value of 0 indicates that the device contains a depressible
button (i.e. it's a click-pad) whereas a value of 1 indicates
a non-depressible button. Add support for this usage and set
INPUT_PROP_BUTTONPAD on the touchpad input device whenever a
depressible button is present.
[1] https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/dn467314(v=vs.85).aspx
Signed-off-by: Seth Forshee <seth.forshee@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Touchpads that have only one button are called clickpads and should
be advertised as such by the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jason Ekstrand <jason@jlekstrand.net>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
These 2 are left over from the USB dependency cleaning, so there is
no need to keep them.
[jkosina@suse.cz: fix filename]
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
In several hid drivers it is necessary to calculate the length of an
hid_report. This patch exports the existing static function hid_report_len of
hid-core.c as an inline function in hid.h
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Magnaudet <mathieu.magnaudet@enac.fr>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
VTL panels do not switch to the multitouch mode until the input mode
feature is read by the host. This should normally be done by
usbhid, but it looks like an other bug prevents usbhid to properly
retrieve the feature state. As a workaround, we force the reading of
the feature in mt_set_input_mode for such devices.
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Magnaudet <mathieu.magnaudet@enac.fr>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
They need to have the class SERIAL.
Note: it is a Win 7 panel, not Win 8 certified.
Signed-off-by: Tomas Sokorai <tsokorai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Multitouch touchpads built for Win 8.1 need to be sent an input mode feature report
in order to start reporting multitouch events. This is the same process sent
to Win 7 multitouch touchscreens except the value of the feature report is 3 for
touchpads.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Duggan <aduggan@synaptics.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The ANTON Touch Pad is a device which can switch from a multitouch
touchpad to a mouse. It thus presents several generic collections which
are currently ignored by hid-multitouch. Enable them by not ignoring
them in mt_input_mapping.
Adding also a suffix for them depending on their application.
Reported-by: Edel Maks <edelmaks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Pens have a special handling in hid-mt as hybrid pen/touch devices
are quite common now. However, some fancy devices presents also
useful collections like mouse or keyboard.
The special case for the pen may not be a special case, and treat it as
a generic case.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
The default multitouch protocol class in use since the kernel v3.9 is
working quite well. Since its inclusion, the only devices we had to tweak
were those who really need quirks (GeneralTouch, FocalTech and Wistron,
the 3 of them are Win 7 certified ones).
The flow of new unhandled devices has stopped, which is great and I think
it's time to reduce the list of registered device.
This commit removes only the registration in the kernel of devices that
use the class MT_CLS_DEFAULT, or that can use it. By that, I mean that I
checked all the recordings I have, and the produced input device and
events are the same before and after applying the patch.
This gives two benefits:
- remove a bunch of lines of codes
- prevent bad handling of existing registered devices which are using a
different protocol while using the same VID/PID (I got the case of a
Quanta 3008 recently).
I also removed the associated classes (MT_CLS*). I kept their #define in
case people use the new_id sysfs node with a non standard class (their
should be really few people now, but we never now). This is why there
are /* reserved .... */.
Last, I add a comment on top of mt_devices[] definition to remember people
(and myself) not to include devices for the beauty of it.
To people still trying to add devices with the default class:
"""
Guys, try out your device under a kernel greater or equal to v3.9. If it
works, you are all set. Adding your VID/PID to the kernel only brings us
overload and you won't get anything from it _because_ even a backport of
this shiny patch will _not_ make the device work under 3.0, 3.2, 3.4 or
even 3.8.
So if it works, it works.
If it does not work, then yes, submit a patch or call for help.
In any cases, if you want me to do regression tests, I'd be happy to
get some traces of your device. But I won't patch the kernel if it works.
"""
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
This is a Win7 device which does not work correctly with the default
settings (not the previous default BT).
However, the quirk ALWAYS_TRUE makes it working like a charm.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
This patch adds PID VID to support for the Wistron Inc. Optical touch panel.
Signed-off-by: KaiChung Cheng <kenny_cheng@wistron.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
GeneralTouch products should use the quirk SLOT_IS_CONTACTID
instead of SLOT_IS_CONTACTNUMBER.
Adding PIDs 0101,e100,0102,0106,010a from the new products.
Tested on new and older products by GeneralTouch engineers.
Signed-off-by: Luosong <android@generaltouch.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Dmitry Torokhov
Benjamin Tissoires
Wei-Ning Huang
Masaki Ota
HungNien Chen
Jiri Kosina
Allen Hung
Gabriele Mazzotta
Benson Leung
Nicholas Krause
Geliang Tang
Mika Westerberg
Yang Bo
Brent Adam
Seth Forshee
Mathieu Magnaudet
Tomas Sokorai
Andrew Duggan
Emanuel Krenz
Wanlong Gao
KaiChung Cheng
Forest Bond
Luosong