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Greg Kroah-Hartman b24413180f License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-02 11:10:55 +01:00
Michal Marek 06ed5c2bfa kbuild: Make scripts executable
The Makefiles call the respective interpreter explicitly, but this makes
it easier to use the scripts manually.

Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
2014-08-20 16:03:45 +02:00
Masahiro Yamada 9319f4539c kbuild: support simultaneous "make %config" and "make all"
Kbuild is supposed to support mixed targets. (%config and build targets)

But "make all" did nothing if it was run with configuration targets.
For example,

  $ LANG=C make defconfig all
    HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
    HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
    SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
    SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.lex.c
    SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c
    HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
    HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf
  *** Default configuration is based on 'x86_64_defconfig'
  #
  # configuration written to .config
  #
  make: Nothing to be done for `all'.

This commits allows "make %config all" and makes sure
mixed targets are built one by one in the given order.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.m@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
CC: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
2014-04-30 16:45:16 +02:00
Peter Foley 0ff35771fc kbuild: silence generated makefile message
This patch silences the "make -C /usr/src/git O=/usr/src/git/build/."
message shown when using the generated makefile in KBUILD_OUTDIR.

Signed-off-by: Peter Foley <pefoley2@verizon.net>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
2011-07-20 17:08:08 +02:00
Jan Beulich 3c955b407a fixes for using make 3.82
It doesn't like pattern and explicit rules to be on the same line,
and it seems to be more picky when matching file (or really directory)
names with different numbers of trailing slashes.

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Andrew Benton <b3nton@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
2010-08-17 11:47:40 +02:00
Sam Ravnborg d2301249e2 kbuild: teach mkmakfile to be silent
With this fix a "make -s" is now really silent

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2008-12-03 21:32:02 +01:00
Jan Beulich 1d3b3bfab1 kbuild: scripts/mkmakefile: dynamic determination of output directory
Rather than fixing the output directory in the generated Makefile,
determine it from the placement of Makefile. This allows moving
the build tree around or accessing it through different mount paths.

(The lastword definition is a compatibility one for make prior to 3.81;
newer make will simply ignore it and use the [faster] built-in.)

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2008-01-28 23:14:38 +01:00
Guillaume Chazarain 971edcfc8b kbuild: re-enable Makefile generation in a new O=... directory
The commit:
18c32dac75 "kbuild: fix
building with O=.. options"
disabled the creation of a Makefile in a new O=... directory. Restore it.

Signed-off-by: Guillaume Chazarain <guichaz@yahoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-12-13 19:19:20 +01:00
Sam Ravnborg 18c32dac75 kbuild: fix building with O=.. options
The check introduced in commit:
4f1127e204 "kbuild: fix
infinite make recursion"

caused certain external modules not to build and
also caused 'make targz-pkg' to fail.
This is a minimal fix so we revert to previous
behaviour - but we do not overwrite the Makefile
in the top-level directory.

Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Tested-by: Jay Cliburn <jacliburn@bellsouth.net>
Cc: Jay Cliburn <jacliburn@bellsouth.net>
2007-12-09 08:55:13 +01:00
Milton Miller 0b35786d77 kbuild: call make once for all targets when O=.. is used
Change the invocations of make in the output directory Makefile and the
main Makefile for separate object trees to pass all goals to one $(MAKE)
via a new phony target "sub-make" and the existing target _all.

When compiling with separate object directories, a separate make is called
in the context of another directory (from the output directory the main
Makefile is called, the Makefile is then restarted with current directory
set to the object tree).  Before this patch, when multiple make command
goals are specified, each target results in a separate make invocation.
With make -j, these invocations may run in parallel, resulting in multiple
commands running in the same directory clobbering each others results.

I did not try to address make -j for mixed dot-config and no-dot-config
targets.  Because the order does matter, a solution was not obvious.
Perhaps a simple check for MAKEFLAGS having -j and refusing to run would
be appropriate.

Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-10-12 21:20:32 +02:00
Jan Beulich fd5f0cd6b0 kbuild: Do not overwrite makefile as anohter user
Change the conditional of the outputmakefile rule to be evaluated entirely
in make, and add a conditional to not touch the generated makefile when e.g.
running 'make install' as root while the build was done as non-root. Also
adjust the comment describing this, and move the message printing and
redirection to mkmakefile.

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2006-05-08 06:55:32 +02:00
Jan Beulich 96678281bf kbuild: fix mkmakefile
With the current way of generating the Makefile in the output directory
for builds outside of the source tree, specifying real targets (rather
than phony ones) doesn't work in an already (partially) built tree, as
the stub Makefile doesn't have any dependency information available.
Thus, all targets where files may actually exist must be listed
explicitly and, due to what I'd call a make misbehavior, directory
targets must then also be special cased.

Signed-Off-By: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2006-02-19 09:51:21 +01:00
Linus Torvalds 1da177e4c3 Linux-2.6.12-rc2
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!
2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07:00