There is a race condition between rescuer_thread() and
pwq_unbound_release_workfn().
Even after a pwq is scheduled for rescue, the associated work items
may be consumed by any worker. If all of them are consumed before the
rescuer gets to them and the pwq's base ref was put due to attribute
change, the pwq may be released while still being linked on
@wq->maydays list making the rescuer dereference already freed pwq
later.
Make send_mayday() pin the target pwq until the rescuer is done with
it.
tj: Updated comment and patch description.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.10+
After a @pwq is scheduled for emergency execution, other workers may
consume the affectd work items before the rescuer gets to them. This
means that a workqueue many have pwqs queued on @wq->maydays list
while not having any work item pending or in-flight. If
destroy_workqueue() executes in such condition, the rescuer may exit
without emptying @wq->maydays.
This currently doesn't cause any actual harm. destroy_workqueue() can
safely destroy all the involved data structures whether @wq->maydays
is populated or not as nobody access the list once the rescuer exits.
However, this is nasty and makes future development difficult. Let's
update rescuer_thread() so that it empties @wq->maydays after seeing
should_stop to guarantee that the list is empty on rescuer exit.
tj: Updated comment and patch description.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.10+
wq_update_unbound_numa() failure path has the following two bugs.
- alloc_unbound_pwq() is called without holding wq->mutex; however, if
the allocation fails, it jumps to out_unlock which tries to unlock
wq->mutex.
- The function should switch to dfl_pwq on failure but didn't do so
after alloc_unbound_pwq() failure.
Fix it by regrabbing wq->mutex and jumping to use_dfl_pwq on
alloc_unbound_pwq() failure.
Signed-off-by: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 4c16bd327c ("workqueue: implement NUMA affinity for unbound workqueues")
Pull timer changes from Thomas Gleixner:
"This assorted collection provides:
- A new timer based timer broadcast feature for systems which do not
provide a global accessible timer device. That allows those
systems to put CPUs into deep idle states where the per cpu timer
device stops.
- A few NOHZ_FULL related improvements to the timer wheel
- The usual updates to timer devices found in ARM SoCs
- Small improvements and updates all over the place"
* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (44 commits)
tick: Remove code duplication in tick_handle_periodic()
tick: Fix spelling mistake in tick_handle_periodic()
x86: hpet: Use proper destructor for delayed work
workqueue: Provide destroy_delayed_work_on_stack()
clocksource: CMT, MTU2, TMU and STI should depend on GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
timer: Remove code redundancy while calling get_nohz_timer_target()
hrtimer: Rearrange comments in the order struct members are declared
timer: Use variable head instead of &work_list in __run_timers()
clocksource: exynos_mct: silence a static checker warning
arm: zynq: Add support for cpufreq
arm: zynq: Don't use arm_global_timer with cpufreq
clocksource/cadence_ttc: Overhaul clocksource frequency adjustment
clocksource/cadence_ttc: Call clockevents_update_freq() with IRQs enabled
clocksource: Add Kconfig entries for CMT, MTU2, TMU and STI
sh: Remove Kconfig entries for TMU, CMT and MTU2
ARM: shmobile: Remove CMT, TMU and STI Kconfig entries
clocksource: armada-370-xp: Use atomic access for shared registers
clocksource: orion: Use atomic access for shared registers
clocksource: timer-keystone: Delete unnecessary variable
clocksource: timer-keystone: introduce clocksource driver for Keystone
...
If a delayed or deferrable work is on stack we need to tell debug
objects that we are destroying the timer and the work. Otherwise we
leak the tracking object.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140323141939.911487677@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
When a kworker should die, the kworkre is notified through WORKER_DIE
flag instead of kthread_should_stop(). This, IIRC, is primarily to
keep the test synchronized inside worker_pool lock. WORKER_DIE is
first set while holding pool->lock, the lock is dropped and
kthread_stop() is called.
Unfortunately, this means that there's a slight chance that the target
kworker may see WORKER_DIE before kthread_stop() finishes and exits
and frees the target task before or during kthread_stop().
Fix it by pinning the target task before setting WORKER_DIE and
putting it after kthread_stop() is done.
tj: Improved patch description and comment. Moved pinning above
WORKER_DIE for better signify what it's protecting.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Pull workqueue update from Tejun Heo:
"Just one patch to add destroy_work_on_stack() annotations to help
debugobj debugging"
* 'for-3.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: Calling destroy_work_on_stack() to pair with INIT_WORK_ONSTACK()
In case CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK is defined, it is needed to
call destroy_work_on_stack() which frees the debug object to pair
with INIT_WORK_ONSTACK().
Signed-off-by: Liu, Chuansheng <chuansheng.liu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
This reverts commit c2fda50966.
c2fda50966 removed lockdep annotation from work_on_cpu() to work around
the PCI path that calls work_on_cpu() from within a work_on_cpu() work item
(PF driver .probe() method -> pci_enable_sriov() -> add VFs -> VF driver
.probe method).
961da7fb6b22 ("PCI: Avoid unnecessary CPU switch when calling driver
.probe() method) avoids that recursive work_on_cpu() use in a different
way, so this revert restores the work_on_cpu() lockdep annotation.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
When one work starts execution, the high bits of work's data contain
pool ID. It can represent a maximum of WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE. Pool ID
is assigned WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE when the work being initialized
indicating that no pool is associated and get_work_pool() uses it to
check the associated pool. So if worker_pool_assign_id() assigns a
ID greater than or equal WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE to a pool, it triggers
leakage, and it may break the non-reentrance guarantee.
This patch fix this issue by modifying the worker_pool_assign_id()
function calling idr_alloc() by setting @end param WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE.
Furthermore, in the current implementation, the BUILD_BUG_ON() in
init_workqueues makes no sense. The number of worker pools needed
cannot be determined at compile time, because the number of backing
pools for UNBOUND workqueues is dynamic based on the assigned custom
attributes. So remove it.
tj: Minor comment and indentation updates.
Signed-off-by: Li Bin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
An ordered workqueue implements execution ordering by using single
pool_workqueue with max_active == 1. On a given pool_workqueue, work
items are processed in FIFO order and limiting max_active to 1
enforces the queued work items to be processed one by one.
Unfortunately, 4c16bd327c ("workqueue: implement NUMA affinity for
unbound workqueues") accidentally broke this guarantee by applying
NUMA affinity to ordered workqueues too. On NUMA setups, an ordered
workqueue would end up with separate pool_workqueues for different
nodes. Each pool_workqueue still limits max_active to 1 but multiple
work items may be executed concurrently and out of order depending on
which node they are queued to.
Fix it by using dedicated ordered_wq_attrs[] when creating ordered
workqueues. The new attrs match the unbound ones except that no_numa
is always set thus forcing all NUMA nodes to share the default
pool_workqueue.
While at it, add sanity check in workqueue creation path which
verifies that an ordered workqueues has only the default
pool_workqueue.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Libin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Move the setting of PF_NO_SETAFFINITY up before set_cpus_allowed()
in create_worker(). Otherwise userland can change ->cpus_allowed
in between.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Pull trivial tree from Jiri Kosina:
"The usual trivial updates all over the tree -- mostly typo fixes and
documentation updates"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (52 commits)
doc: Documentation/cputopology.txt fix typo
treewide: Convert retrun typos to return
Fix comment typo for init_cma_reserved_pageblock
Documentation/trace: Correcting and extending tracepoint documentation
mm/hotplug: fix a typo in Documentation/memory-hotplug.txt
power: Documentation: Update s2ram link
doc: fix a typo in Documentation/00-INDEX
Documentation/printk-formats.txt: No casts needed for u64/s64
doc: Fix typo "is is" in Documentations
treewide: Fix printks with 0x%#
zram: doc fixes
Documentation/kmemcheck: update kmemcheck documentation
doc: documentation/hwspinlock.txt fix typo
PM / Hibernate: add section for resume options
doc: filesystems : Fix typo in Documentations/filesystems
scsi/megaraid fixed several typos in comments
ppc: init_32: Fix error typo "CONFIG_START_KERNEL"
treewide: Add __GFP_NOWARN to k.alloc calls with v.alloc fallbacks
page_isolation: Fix a comment typo in test_pages_isolated()
doc: fix a typo about irq affinity
...
Pull workqueue updates from Tejun Heo:
"Nothing interesting. All are doc / comment updates"
* 'for-3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: Correct/Drop references to gcwq in Documentation
workqueue: Fix manage_workers() RETURNS description
workqueue: Comment correction in file header
workqueue: mark WQ_NON_REENTRANT deprecated
Here's the big driver core pull request for 3.12-rc1.
Lots of tiny changes here fixing up the way sysfs attributes are
created, to try to make drivers simpler, and fix a whole class race
conditions with creations of device attributes after the device was
announced to userspace.
All the various pieces are acked by the different subsystem maintainers.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'driver-core-3.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core
Pull driver core patches from Greg KH:
"Here's the big driver core pull request for 3.12-rc1.
Lots of tiny changes here fixing up the way sysfs attributes are
created, to try to make drivers simpler, and fix a whole class race
conditions with creations of device attributes after the device was
announced to userspace.
All the various pieces are acked by the different subsystem
maintainers"
* tag 'driver-core-3.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (119 commits)
firmware loader: fix pending_fw_head list corruption
drivers/base/memory.c: introduce help macro to_memory_block
dynamic debug: line queries failing due to uninitialized local variable
sysfs: sysfs_create_groups returns a value.
debugfs: provide debugfs_create_x64() when disabled
rbd: convert bus code to use bus_groups
firmware: dcdbas: use binary attribute groups
sysfs: add sysfs_create/remove_groups for when SYSFS is not enabled
driver core: add #include <linux/sysfs.h> to core files.
HID: convert bus code to use dev_groups
Input: serio: convert bus code to use drv_groups
Input: gameport: convert bus code to use drv_groups
driver core: firmware: use __ATTR_RW()
driver core: core: use DEVICE_ATTR_RO
driver core: bus: use DRIVER_ATTR_WO()
driver core: create write-only attribute macros for devices and drivers
sysfs: create __ATTR_WO()
driver-core: platform: convert bus code to use dev_groups
workqueue: convert bus code to use dev_groups
MEI: convert bus code to use dev_groups
...
If !PREEMPT, a kworker running work items back to back can hog CPU.
This becomes dangerous when a self-requeueing work item which is
waiting for something to happen races against stop_machine. Such
self-requeueing work item would requeue itself indefinitely hogging
the kworker and CPU it's running on while stop_machine would wait for
that CPU to enter stop_machine while preventing anything else from
happening on all other CPUs. The two would deadlock.
Jamie Liu reports that this deadlock scenario exists around
scsi_requeue_run_queue() and libata port multiplier support, where one
port may exclude command processing from other ports. With the right
timing, scsi_requeue_run_queue() can end up requeueing itself trying
to execute an IO which is asked to be retried while another device has
an exclusive access, which in turn can't make forward progress due to
stop_machine.
Fix it by invoking cond_resched() after executing each work item.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jamie Liu <jamieliu@google.com>
References: http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1552567
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
--
kernel/workqueue.c | 9 +++++++++
1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)
The dev_attrs field of struct bus_type is going away soon, dev_groups
should be used instead. This converts the workqueue bus code to use
the correct field.
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
No functional change. The comment of function manage_workers()
RETURNS description is obvious wrong, same as the CONTEXT.
Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Libin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
No functional change. There are two worker pools for each cpu in
current implementation (one for normal work items and the other for
high priority ones).
tj: Whitespace adjustments.
Signed-off-by: Libin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
When building the htmldocs (in verbose mode), scripts/kernel-doc reports the
following type of warnings:
Warning(kernel/workqueue.c:653): No description found for return value of
'get_work_pool'
Fix them by:
- Using "Return:" sections to introduce descriptions of return values
- Adding some missing descriptions
Signed-off-by: Yacine Belkadi <yacine.belkadi.1@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Pull two workqueue fixes from Tejun Heo:
"A lockdep notation update so that nested work_on_cpu() invocations
don't lead to spurious lockdep warnings and fix for an unbound attr
bug which made what's shown in sysfs deviate from the actual ones.
Both patches have pretty limited scope"
* 'for-3.11-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: copy workqueue_attrs with all fields
workqueue: allow work_on_cpu() to be called recursively
$echo '0' > /sys/bus/workqueue/devices/xxx/numa
$cat /sys/bus/workqueue/devices/xxx/numa
I got 1. It should be 0, the reason is copy_workqueue_attrs() called
in apply_workqueue_attrs() doesn't copy no_numa field.
Fix it by making copy_workqueue_attrs() copy ->no_numa too. This
would also make get_unbound_pool() set a pool's ->no_numa attribute
according to the workqueue attributes used when the pool was created.
While harmelss, as ->no_numa isn't a pool attribute, this is a bit
confusing. Clear it explicitly.
tj: Updated description and comments a bit.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
If the @fn call work_on_cpu() again, the lockdep will complain:
> [ INFO: possible recursive locking detected ]
> 3.11.0-rc1-lockdep-fix-a #6 Not tainted
> ---------------------------------------------
> kworker/0:1/142 is trying to acquire lock:
> ((&wfc.work)){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff81077100>] flush_work+0x0/0xb0
>
> but task is already holding lock:
> ((&wfc.work)){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff81075dd9>] process_one_work+0x169/0x610
>
> other info that might help us debug this:
> Possible unsafe locking scenario:
>
> CPU0
> ----
> lock((&wfc.work));
> lock((&wfc.work));
>
> *** DEADLOCK ***
It is false-positive lockdep report. In this sutiation,
the two "wfc"s of the two work_on_cpu() are different,
they are both on stack. flush_work() can't be deadlock.
To fix this, we need to avoid the lockdep checking in this case,
thus we instroduce a internal __flush_work() which skip the lockdep.
tj: Minor comment adjustment.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reported-by: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications. For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.
After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out. Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.
This removes all the uses of the __cpuinit macros from C files in
the core kernel directories (kernel, init, lib, mm, and include)
that don't really have a specific maintainer.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Pull workqueue changes from Tejun Heo:
"Surprisingly, Lai and I didn't break too many things implementing
custom pools and stuff last time around and there aren't any follow-up
changes necessary at this point.
The only change in this pull request is Viresh's patches to make some
per-cpu workqueues to behave as unbound workqueues dependent on a boot
param whose default can be configured via a config option. This leads
to higher processing overhead / lower bandwidth as more work items are
bounced across CPUs; however, it can lead to noticeable powersave in
certain configurations - ~10% w/ idlish constant workload on a
big.LITTLE configuration according to Viresh.
This is because per-cpu workqueues interfere with how the scheduler
perceives whether or not each CPU is idle by forcing pinned tasks on
them, which makes the scheduler's power-aware scheduling decisions
less effective.
Its effectiveness is likely less pronounced on homogenous
configurations and this type of optimization can probably be made
automatic; however, the changes are pretty minimal and the affected
workqueues are clearly marked, so it's an easy gain for some
configurations for the time being with pretty unintrusive changes."
* 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
fbcon: queue work on power efficient wq
block: queue work on power efficient wq
PHYLIB: queue work on system_power_efficient_wq
workqueue: Add system wide power_efficient workqueues
workqueues: Introduce new flag WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT for power oriented workqueues
Commit 8425e3d5bd ("workqueue: inline trivial wrappers") changed
schedule_work() and schedule_delayed_work() to inline wrappers,
but these rely on some symbols that are EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, while
the original functions were EXPORT_SYMBOL. This has the effect of
changing the licensing requirement for these functions and making
them unavailable to non GPL modules.
Make them available again by removing the restriction on the
required symbols.
Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@your-file-system.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
When we fail to mutex_trylock(), we release the pool spin_lock and do
mutex_lock(). After that, we should regrab the pool spin_lock, but,
regrabbing is missed in current code. So correct it.
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
This patch adds system wide workqueues aligned towards power saving. This is
done by allocating them with WQ_UNBOUND flag if 'wq_power_efficient' is set to
'true'.
tj: updated comments a bit.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Workqueues can be performance or power-oriented. Currently, most workqueues are
bound to the CPU they were created on. This gives good performance (due to cache
effects) at the cost of potentially waking up otherwise idle cores (Idle from
scheduler's perspective. Which may or may not be physically idle) just to
process some work. To save power, we can allow the work to be rescheduled on a
core that is already awake.
Workqueues created with the WQ_UNBOUND flag will allow some power savings.
However, we don't change the default behaviour of the system. To enable
power-saving behaviour, a new config option CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT needs to
be turned on. This option can also be overridden by the
workqueue.power_efficient boot parameter.
tj: Updated config description and comments. Renamed
CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT to CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT_DEFAULT.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Amit Kucheria <amit.kucheria@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
One of the problems that arise when converting dedicated custom
threadpool to workqueue is that the shared worker pool used by workqueue
anonimizes each worker making it more difficult to identify what the
worker was doing on which target from the output of sysrq-t or debug
dump from oops, BUG() and friends.
This patch implements set_worker_desc() which can be called from any
workqueue work function to set its description. When the worker task is
dumped for whatever reason - sysrq-t, WARN, BUG, oops, lockdep assertion
and so on - the description will be printed out together with the
workqueue name and the worker function pointer.
The printing side is implemented by print_worker_info() which is called
from functions in task dump paths - sched_show_task() and
dump_stack_print_info(). print_worker_info() can be safely called on
any task in any state as long as the task struct itself is accessible.
It uses probe_*() functions to access worker fields. It may print
garbage if something went very wrong, but it wouldn't cause (another)
oops.
The description is currently limited to 24bytes including the
terminating \0. worker->desc_valid and workder->desc[] are added and
the 64 bytes marker which was already incorrect before adding the new
fields is moved to the correct position.
Here's an example dump with writeback updated to set the bdi name as
worker desc.
Hardware name: Bochs
Modules linked in:
Pid: 7, comm: kworker/u9:0 Not tainted 3.9.0-rc1-work+ #1
Workqueue: writeback bdi_writeback_workfn (flush-8:0)
ffffffff820a3ab0 ffff88000f6e9cb8 ffffffff81c61845 ffff88000f6e9cf8
ffffffff8108f50f 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff88000cde16b0
ffff88000cde1aa8 ffff88001ee19240 ffff88000f6e9fd8 ffff88000f6e9d08
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81c61845>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
[<ffffffff8108f50f>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7f/0xc0
[<ffffffff8108f56a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
[<ffffffff81200150>] bdi_writeback_workfn+0x2a0/0x3b0
...
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
memory allocated by kmem_cache_alloc() should be freed using
kmem_cache_free(), not kfree().
Signed-off-by: Wei Yongjun <yongjun_wei@trendmicro.com.cn>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
destroy_workqueue() performs several sanity checks before proceeding
with destruction of a workqueue. One of the checks verifies that
refcnt of each pwq (pool_workqueue) is over 1 as at that point there
should be no in-flight work items and the only holder of pwq refs is
the workqueue itself.
This worked fine as a workqueue used to hold only one reference to its
pwqs; however, since 4c16bd327c ("workqueue: implement NUMA affinity
for unbound workqueues"), a workqueue may hold multiple references to
its default pwq triggering this sanity check spuriously.
Fix it by not triggering the pwq->refcnt assertion on default pwqs.
An example spurious WARN trigger follows.
WARNING: at kernel/workqueue.c:4201 destroy_workqueue+0x6a/0x13e()
Hardware name: 4286C12
Modules linked in: sdhci_pci sdhci mmc_core usb_storage i915 drm_kms_helper drm i2c_algo_bit i2c_core video
Pid: 361, comm: umount Not tainted 3.9.0-rc5+ #29
Call Trace:
[<c04314a7>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7c/0x93
[<c04314e0>] warn_slowpath_null+0x22/0x24
[<c044796a>] destroy_workqueue+0x6a/0x13e
[<c056dc01>] ext4_put_super+0x43/0x2c4
[<c04fb7b8>] generic_shutdown_super+0x4b/0xb9
[<c04fb848>] kill_block_super+0x22/0x60
[<c04fb960>] deactivate_locked_super+0x2f/0x56
[<c04fc41b>] deactivate_super+0x2e/0x31
[<c050f1e6>] mntput_no_expire+0x103/0x108
[<c050fdce>] sys_umount+0x2a2/0x2c4
[<c050fe0e>] sys_oldumount+0x1e/0x20
[<c085ba4d>] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x38
tj: Rewrote description.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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Merge tag 'v3.9-rc5' into wq/for-3.10
Writeback conversion to workqueue will be based on top of wq/for-3.10
branch to take advantage of custom attrs and NUMA support for unbound
workqueues. Mainline currently contains two commits which result in
non-trivial merge conflicts with wq/for-3.10 and because
block/for-3.10/core is based on v3.9-rc3 which contains one of the
conflicting commits, we need a pre-merge-window merge anyway. Let's
pull v3.9-rc5 into wq/for-3.10 so that the block tree doesn't suffer
from workqueue merge conflicts.
The two conflicts and their resolutions:
* e68035fb65 ("workqueue: convert to idr_alloc()") in mainline changes
worker_pool_assign_id() to use idr_alloc() instead of the old idr
interface. worker_pool_assign_id() goes through multiple locking
changes in wq/for-3.10 causing the following conflict.
static int worker_pool_assign_id(struct worker_pool *pool)
{
int ret;
<<<<<<< HEAD
lockdep_assert_held(&wq_pool_mutex);
do {
if (!idr_pre_get(&worker_pool_idr, GFP_KERNEL))
return -ENOMEM;
ret = idr_get_new(&worker_pool_idr, pool, &pool->id);
} while (ret == -EAGAIN);
=======
mutex_lock(&worker_pool_idr_mutex);
ret = idr_alloc(&worker_pool_idr, pool, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
if (ret >= 0)
pool->id = ret;
mutex_unlock(&worker_pool_idr_mutex);
>>>>>>> c67bf5361e
return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
}
We want locking from the former and idr_alloc() usage from the
latter, which can be combined to the following.
static int worker_pool_assign_id(struct worker_pool *pool)
{
int ret;
lockdep_assert_held(&wq_pool_mutex);
ret = idr_alloc(&worker_pool_idr, pool, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
if (ret >= 0) {
pool->id = ret;
return 0;
}
return ret;
}
* eb2834285c ("workqueue: fix possible pool stall bug in
wq_unbind_fn()") updated wq_unbind_fn() such that it has single
larger for_each_std_worker_pool() loop instead of two separate loops
with a schedule() call inbetween. wq/for-3.10 renamed
pool->assoc_mutex to pool->manager_mutex causing the following
conflict (earlier function body and comments omitted for brevity).
static void wq_unbind_fn(struct work_struct *work)
{
...
spin_unlock_irq(&pool->lock);
<<<<<<< HEAD
mutex_unlock(&pool->manager_mutex);
}
=======
mutex_unlock(&pool->assoc_mutex);
>>>>>>> c67bf5361e
schedule();
<<<<<<< HEAD
for_each_cpu_worker_pool(pool, cpu)
=======
>>>>>>> c67bf5361e
atomic_set(&pool->nr_running, 0);
spin_lock_irq(&pool->lock);
wake_up_worker(pool);
spin_unlock_irq(&pool->lock);
}
}
The resolution is mostly trivial. We want the control flow of the
latter with the rename of the former.
static void wq_unbind_fn(struct work_struct *work)
{
...
spin_unlock_irq(&pool->lock);
mutex_unlock(&pool->manager_mutex);
schedule();
atomic_set(&pool->nr_running, 0);
spin_lock_irq(&pool->lock);
wake_up_worker(pool);
spin_unlock_irq(&pool->lock);
}
}
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Unbound workqueues are now NUMA aware. Let's add some control knobs
and update sysfs interface accordingly.
* Add kernel param workqueue.numa_disable which disables NUMA affinity
globally.
* Replace sysfs file "pool_id" with "pool_ids" which contain
node:pool_id pairs. This change is userland-visible but "pool_id"
hasn't seen a release yet, so this is okay.
* Add a new sysf files "numa" which can toggle NUMA affinity on
individual workqueues. This is implemented as attrs->no_numa whichn
is special in that it isn't part of a pool's attributes. It only
affects how apply_workqueue_attrs() picks which pools to use.
After "pool_ids" change, first_pwq() doesn't have any user left.
Removed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Currently, an unbound workqueue has single current, or first, pwq
(pool_workqueue) to which all new work items are queued. This often
isn't optimal on NUMA machines as workers may jump around across node
boundaries and work items get assigned to workers without any regard
to NUMA affinity.
This patch implements NUMA affinity for unbound workqueues. Instead
of mapping all entries of numa_pwq_tbl[] to the same pwq,
apply_workqueue_attrs() now creates a separate pwq covering the
intersecting CPUs for each NUMA node which has online CPUs in
@attrs->cpumask. Nodes which don't have intersecting possible CPUs
are mapped to pwqs covering whole @attrs->cpumask.
As CPUs come up and go down, the pool association is changed
accordingly. Changing pool association may involve allocating new
pools which may fail. To avoid failing CPU_DOWN, each workqueue
always keeps a default pwq which covers whole attrs->cpumask which is
used as fallback if pool creation fails during a CPU hotplug
operation.
This ensures that all work items issued on a NUMA node is executed on
the same node as long as the workqueue allows execution on the CPUs of
the node.
As this maps a workqueue to multiple pwqs and max_active is per-pwq,
this change the behavior of max_active. The limit is now per NUMA
node instead of global. While this is an actual change, max_active is
already per-cpu for per-cpu workqueues and primarily used as safety
mechanism rather than for active concurrency control. Concurrency is
usually limited from workqueue users by the number of concurrently
active work items and this change shouldn't matter much.
v2: Fixed pwq freeing in apply_workqueue_attrs() error path. Spotted
by Lai.
v3: The previous version incorrectly made a workqueue spanning
multiple nodes spread work items over all online CPUs when some of
its nodes don't have any desired cpus. Reimplemented so that NUMA
affinity is properly updated as CPUs go up and down. This problem
was spotted by Lai Jiangshan.
v4: destroy_workqueue() was putting wq->dfl_pwq and then clearing it;
however, wq may be freed at any time after dfl_pwq is put making
the clearing use-after-free. Clear wq->dfl_pwq before putting it.
v5: apply_workqueue_attrs() was leaking @tmp_attrs, @new_attrs and
@pwq_tbl after success. Fixed.
Retry loop in wq_update_unbound_numa_attrs() isn't necessary as
application of new attrs is excluded via CPU hotplug. Removed.
Documentation on CPU affinity guarantee on CPU_DOWN added.
All changes are suggested by Lai Jiangshan.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Factor out lock pool, put_pwq(), unlock sequence into
put_pwq_unlocked(). The two existing places are converted and there
will be more with NUMA affinity support.
This is to prepare for NUMA affinity support for unbound workqueues
and doesn't introduce any functional difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Factor out pool_workqueue linking and installation into numa_pwq_tbl[]
from apply_workqueue_attrs() into numa_pwq_tbl_install(). link_pwq()
is made safe to call multiple times. numa_pwq_tbl_install() links the
pwq, installs it into numa_pwq_tbl[] at the specified node and returns
the old entry.
@last_pwq is removed from link_pwq() as the return value of the new
function can be used instead.
This is to prepare for NUMA affinity support for unbound workqueues.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Use kmem_cache_alloc_node() with @pool->node instead of
kmem_cache_zalloc() when allocating a pool_workqueue so that it's
allocated on the same node as the associated worker_pool. As there's
no no kmem_cache_zalloc_node(), move zeroing to init_pwq().
This was suggested by Lai Jiangshan.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Break init_and_link_pwq() into init_pwq() and link_pwq() and move
unbound-workqueue specific handling into apply_workqueue_attrs().
Also, factor out unbound pool and pool_workqueue allocation into
alloc_unbound_pwq().
This reorganization is to prepare for NUMA affinity and doesn't
introduce any functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Currently, an unbound workqueue has only one "current" pool_workqueue
associated with it. It may have multple pool_workqueues but only the
first pool_workqueue servies new work items. For NUMA affinity, we
want to change this so that there are multiple current pool_workqueues
serving different NUMA nodes.
Introduce workqueue->numa_pwq_tbl[] which is indexed by NUMA node and
points to the pool_workqueue to use for each possible node. This
replaces first_pwq() in __queue_work() and workqueue_congested().
numa_pwq_tbl[] is currently initialized to point to the same
pool_workqueue as first_pwq() so this patch doesn't make any behavior
changes.
v2: Use rcu_dereference_raw() in unbound_pwq_by_node() as the function
may be called only with wq->mutex held.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Move wq->flags and ->cpu_pwqs to the end of workqueue_struct and align
them to the cacheline. These two fields are used in the work item
issue path and thus hot. The scheduled NUMA affinity support will add
dispatch table at the end of workqueue_struct and relocating these two
fields will allow us hitting only single cacheline on hot paths.
Note that wq->pwqs isn't moved although it currently is being used in
the work item issue path for unbound workqueues. The dispatch table
mentioned above will replace its use in the issue path, so it will
become cold once NUMA support is implemented.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Currently workqueue->name[] is of flexible length. We want to use the
flexible field for something more useful and there isn't much benefit
in allowing arbitrary name length anyway. Make it fixed len capping
at 24 bytes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Currently, when exposing attrs of an unbound workqueue via sysfs, the
workqueue_attrs of first_pwq() is used as that should equal the
current state of the workqueue.
The planned NUMA affinity support will make unbound workqueues make
use of multiple pool_workqueues for different NUMA nodes and the above
assumption will no longer hold. Introduce workqueue->unbound_attrs
which records the current attrs in effect and use it for sysfs instead
of first_pwq()->attrs.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
When worker tasks are created using kthread_create_on_node(),
currently only per-cpu ones have the matching NUMA node specified.
All unbound workers are always created with NUMA_NO_NODE.
Now that an unbound worker pool may have an arbitrary cpumask
associated with it, this isn't optimal. Add pool->node which is
determined by the pool's cpumask. If the pool's cpumask is contained
inside a NUMA node proper, the pool is associated with that node, and
all workers of the pool are created on that node.
This currently only makes difference for unbound worker pools with
cpumask contained inside single NUMA node, but this will serve as
foundation for making all unbound pools NUMA-affine.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Currently, all workqueue workers which have negative nice value has
'H' postfixed to their names. This is necessary for per-cpu workers
as they use the CPU number instead of pool->id to identify the pool
and the 'H' postfix is the only thing distinguishing normal and
highpri workers.
As workers for unbound pools use pool->id, the 'H' postfix is purely
informational. TASK_COMM_LEN is 16 and after the static part and
delimiters, there are only five characters left for the pool and
worker IDs. We're expecting to have more unbound pools with the
scheduled NUMA awareness support. Let's drop the non-essential 'H'
postfix from unbound kworker name.
While at it, restructure kthread_create*() invocation to help future
NUMA related changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Lai Jiangshan
Daeseok Youn
Linus Torvalds
Thomas Gleixner
Dongsheng Yang
Chuansheng Liu
Bjorn Helgaas
Li Bin
Tejun Heo
Oleg Nesterov
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Yacine Belkadi
Shaohua Li
Paul Gortmaker
Marc Dionne
Joonsoo Kim
Viresh Kumar
Wei Yongjun