This patch adds nftables which is the intended successor of iptables.
This packet filtering framework reuses the existing netfilter hooks,
the connection tracking system, the NAT subsystem, the transparent
proxying engine, the logging infrastructure and the userspace packet
queueing facilities.
In a nutshell, nftables provides a pseudo-state machine with 4 general
purpose registers of 128 bits and 1 specific purpose register to store
verdicts. This pseudo-machine comes with an extensible instruction set,
a.k.a. "expressions" in the nftables jargon. The expressions included
in this patch provide the basic functionality, they are:
* bitwise: to perform bitwise operations.
* byteorder: to change from host/network endianess.
* cmp: to compare data with the content of the registers.
* counter: to enable counters on rules.
* ct: to store conntrack keys into register.
* exthdr: to match IPv6 extension headers.
* immediate: to load data into registers.
* limit: to limit matching based on packet rate.
* log: to log packets.
* meta: to match metainformation that usually comes with the skbuff.
* nat: to perform Network Address Translation.
* payload: to fetch data from the packet payload and store it into
registers.
* reject (IPv4 only): to explicitly close connection, eg. TCP RST.
Using this instruction-set, the userspace utility 'nft' can transform
the rules expressed in human-readable text representation (using a
new syntax, inspired by tcpdump) to nftables bytecode.
nftables also inherits the table, chain and rule objects from
iptables, but in a more configurable way, and it also includes the
original datatype-agnostic set infrastructure with mapping support.
This set infrastructure is enhanced in the follow up patch (netfilter:
nf_tables: add netlink set API).
This patch includes the following components:
* the netlink API: net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c and
include/uapi/netfilter/nf_tables.h
* the packet filter core: net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c
* the expressions (described above): net/netfilter/nft_*.c
* the filter tables: arp, IPv4, IPv6 and bridge:
net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_tables_ipv4.c
net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_tables_ipv6.c
net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_tables_arp.c
net/bridge/netfilter/nf_tables_bridge.c
* the NAT table (IPv4 only):
net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_table_nat_ipv4.c
* the route table (similar to mangle):
net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_table_route_ipv4.c
net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_table_route_ipv6.c
* internal definitions under:
include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
include/net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.h
* It also includes an skeleton expression:
net/netfilter/nft_expr_template.c
and the preliminary implementation of the meta target
net/netfilter/nft_meta_target.c
It also includes a change in struct nf_hook_ops to add a new
pointer to store private data to the hook, that is used to store
the rule list per chain.
This patch is based on the patch from Patrick McHardy, plus merged
accumulated cleanups, fixes and small enhancements to the nftables
code that has been done since 2009, which are:
From Patrick McHardy:
* nf_tables: adjust netlink handler function signatures
* nf_tables: only retry table lookup after successful table module load
* nf_tables: fix event notification echo and avoid unnecessary messages
* nft_ct: add l3proto support
* nf_tables: pass expression context to nft_validate_data_load()
* nf_tables: remove redundant definition
* nft_ct: fix maxattr initialization
* nf_tables: fix invalid event type in nf_tables_getrule()
* nf_tables: simplify nft_data_init() usage
* nf_tables: build in more core modules
* nf_tables: fix double lookup expression unregistation
* nf_tables: move expression initialization to nf_tables_core.c
* nf_tables: build in payload module
* nf_tables: use NFPROTO constants
* nf_tables: rename pid variables to portid
* nf_tables: save 48 bits per rule
* nf_tables: introduce chain rename
* nf_tables: check for duplicate names on chain rename
* nf_tables: remove ability to specify handles for new rules
* nf_tables: return error for rule change request
* nf_tables: return error for NLM_F_REPLACE without rule handle
* nf_tables: include NLM_F_APPEND/NLM_F_REPLACE flags in rule notification
* nf_tables: fix NLM_F_MULTI usage in netlink notifications
* nf_tables: include NLM_F_APPEND in rule dumps
From Pablo Neira Ayuso:
* nf_tables: fix stack overflow in nf_tables_newrule
* nf_tables: nft_ct: fix compilation warning
* nf_tables: nft_ct: fix crash with invalid packets
* nft_log: group and qthreshold are 2^16
* nf_tables: nft_meta: fix socket uid,gid handling
* nft_counter: allow to restore counters
* nf_tables: fix module autoload
* nf_tables: allow to remove all rules placed in one chain
* nf_tables: use 64-bits rule handle instead of 16-bits
* nf_tables: fix chain after rule deletion
* nf_tables: improve deletion performance
* nf_tables: add missing code in route chain type
* nf_tables: rise maximum number of expressions from 12 to 128
* nf_tables: don't delete table if in use
* nf_tables: fix basechain release
From Tomasz Bursztyka:
* nf_tables: Add support for changing users chain's name
* nf_tables: Change chain's name to be fixed sized
* nf_tables: Add support for replacing a rule by another one
* nf_tables: Update uapi nftables netlink header documentation
From Florian Westphal:
* nft_log: group is u16, snaplen u32
From Phil Oester:
* nf_tables: operational limit match
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Pass the hook ops to the hookfn to allow for generic hook
functions. This change is required by nf_tables.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
There are a mix of function prototypes with and without extern
in the kernel sources. Standardize on not using extern for
function prototypes.
Function prototypes don't need to be written with extern.
extern is assumed by the compiler. Its use is as unnecessary as
using auto to declare automatic/local variables in a block.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Split out sequence number adjustments from NAT and move them to the conntrack
core to make them usable for SYN proxying. The sequence number adjustment
information is moved to a seperate extend. The extend is added to new
conntracks when a NAT mapping is set up for a connection using a helper.
As a side effect, this saves 24 bytes per connection with NAT in the common
case that a connection does not have a helper assigned.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Tested-by: Martin Topholm <mph@one.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This patch adds the capability to attach expectations via nfnetlink_queue.
This is required by conntrack helpers that trigger expectations based on
the first packet seen like the TFTP and the DHCPv6 user-space helpers.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Using 16 bits is too small, when many adjustments happen the offsets might
overflow and break the connection.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Don't panic if we hit an error while adding the nf_log or pernet
netfilter support, just bail out.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Acked-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Now that this supports net namespace for nflog and nfqueue,
we can remove the global proc_net_netfilter which has no
clients anymore.
Based on patch from Gao feng.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Convert the IPv4 NAT implementation to a protocol independent core and
address family specific modules.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
LD init/built-in.o
net/built-in.o:(.data+0x4408): undefined reference to `nf_nat_tcp_seq_adjust'
make: *** [vmlinux] Error 1
This patch adds a new pointer hook (nfq_ct_nat_hook) similar to other existing
in Netfilter to solve our complicated configuration dependencies.
Reported-by: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
User-space programs that receive traffic via NFQUEUE may mangle packets.
If NAT is enabled, this usually puzzles sequence tracking, leading to
traffic disruptions.
With this patch, nfnl_queue will make the corresponding NAT TCP sequence
adjustment if:
1) The packet has been mangled,
2) the NFQA_CFG_F_CONNTRACK flag has been set, and
3) NAT is detected.
There are some records on the Internet complaning about this issue:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/260757/packet-mangling-utilities-besides-iptables
By now, we only support TCP since we have no helpers for DCCP or SCTP.
Better to add this if we ever have some helper over those layer 4 protocols.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This patch allows you to include the conntrack information together
with the packet that is sent to user-space via NFQUEUE.
Previously, there was no integration between ctnetlink and
nfnetlink_queue. If you wanted to access conntrack information
from your libnetfilter_queue program, you required to query
ctnetlink from user-space to obtain it. Thus, delaying the packet
processing even more.
Including the conntrack information is optional, you can set it
via NFQA_CFG_F_CONNTRACK flag with the new NFQA_CFG_FLAGS attribute.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
The mask option allows you put all address belonging that mask into
the same recent slot. This can be useful in case that recent is used
to detect attacks from the same network segment.
Tested for backward compatibility.
Signed-off-by: Denys Fedoryshchenko <denys@visp.net.lb>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
We don't use struct ctl_path anymore so delete the exported constants.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
So here's a boot tested patch on top of Jason's series that does
all the cleanups I talked about and turns jump labels into a
more intuitive to use facility. It should also address the
various misconceptions and confusions that surround jump labels.
Typical usage scenarios:
#include <linux/static_key.h>
struct static_key key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;
if (static_key_false(&key))
do unlikely code
else
do likely code
Or:
if (static_key_true(&key))
do likely code
else
do unlikely code
The static key is modified via:
static_key_slow_inc(&key);
...
static_key_slow_dec(&key);
The 'slow' prefix makes it abundantly clear that this is an
expensive operation.
I've updated all in-kernel code to use this everywhere. Note
that I (intentionally) have not pushed through the rename
blindly through to the lowest levels: the actual jump-label
patching arch facility should be named like that, so we want to
decouple jump labels from the static-key facility a bit.
On non-jump-label enabled architectures static keys default to
likely()/unlikely() branches.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: ddaney.cavm@gmail.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120222085809.GA26397@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
On configs where CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL=y, we can replace in fast path a
load/compare/conditional jump by a single jump with no dcache reference.
Jump target is modified as soon as nf_hooks[pf][hook] switches from
empty state to non empty states. jump_label state is kept outside of
nf_hooks array so has no cost on cpu caches.
This patch removes the test on CONFIG_NETFILTER_DEBUG : No need to call
nf_hook_slow() at all if nf_hooks[pf][hook] is empty, this didnt give
useful information, but slowed down things a lot.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
CC: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Several networking headers were depending upon the implicit
linux/sysctl.h include they get when including linux/net.h
Add explicit includes.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
ipv6 fib lookup can set RT6_LOOKUP_F_IFACE flag to restrict search
to an interface, but this flag cannot be set via struct flowi.
Also, it cannot be set via ip6_route_output: this function uses the
passed sock struct to determine if this flag is required
(by testing for nonzero sk_bound_dev_if).
Work around this by passing in an artificial struct sk in case
'strict' argument is true.
This is required to replace the rt6_lookup call in xt_addrtype.c with
nf_afinfo->route().
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
This is required to eventually replace the rt6_lookup call in
xt_addrtype.c with nf_afinfo->route().
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
If an skb is to be NF_QUEUE'd, but no program has opened the queue, the
packet is dropped.
This adds a v2 target revision of xt_NFQUEUE that allows packets to
continue through the ruleset instead.
Because the actual queueing happens outside of the target context, the
'bypass' flag has to be communicated back to the netfilter core.
Unfortunately the only choice to do this without adding a new function
argument is to use the target function return value (i.e. the verdict).
In the NF_QUEUE case, the upper 16bit already contain the queue number
to use. The previous patch reduced NF_VERDICT_MASK to 0xff, i.e.
we now have extra room for a new flag.
If a hook issued a NF_QUEUE verdict, then the netfilter core will
continue packet processing if the queueing hook
returns -ESRCH (== "this queue does not exist") and the new
NF_VERDICT_FLAG_QUEUE_BYPASS flag is set in the verdict value.
Note: If the queue exists, but userspace does not consume packets fast
enough, the skb will still be dropped.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fwestphal@astaro.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
NF_VERDICT_MASK is currently 0xffff. This is because the upper
16 bits are used to store errno (for NF_DROP) or the queue number
(NF_QUEUE verdict).
As there are up to 0xffff different queues available, there is no more
room to store additional flags.
At the moment there are only 6 different verdicts, i.e. we can reduce
NF_VERDICT_MASK to 0xff to allow storing additional flags in the 0xff00 space.
NF_VERDICT_BITS would then be reduced to 8, but because the value is
exported to userspace, this might cause breakage; e.g.:
e.g. 'queuenr = (1 << NF_VERDICT_BITS) | NF_QUEUE' would now break.
Thus, remove NF_VERDICT_BITS usage in the kernel and move the old value
to the 'userspace compat' section.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
SELinux would like to pass certain fatal errors back up the stack. This patch
implements the generic netfilter support for this functionality.
Based-on-patch-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add some __rcu annotations and use helpers to reduce number of sparse
warnings (CONFIG_SPARSE_RCU_POINTER=y)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
The NF_HOOK_COND returns 0 when it shouldn't due to what I believe to be an
error in the code as the order of operations is not what was intended. C will
evalutate == before =. Which means ret is getting set to the bool result,
rather than the return value of the function call. The code says
if (ret = function() == 1)
when it meant to say:
if ((ret = function()) == 1)
Normally the compiler would warn, but it doesn't notice it because its
a actually complex conditional and so the wrong code is wrapped in an explict
set of () [exactly what the compiler wants you to do if this was intentional].
Fixing this means that errors when netfilter denies a packet get propagated
back up the stack rather than lost.
Problem introduced by commit 2249065f (netfilter: get rid of the grossness
in netfilter.h).
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Commit 2249065 ("netfilter: get rid of the grossness in netfilter.h")
inverted the logic for conditional hook invocation, breaking the
POST_ROUTING hook invoked by ip_output().
Correct the logic and remove an unnecessary initialization.
Reported-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
This cleanup patch puts struct/union/enum opening braces,
in first line to ease grep games.
struct something
{
becomes :
struct something {
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This provides safety against negative optlen at the type
level instead of depending upon (sometimes non-trivial)
checks against this sprinkled all over the the place, in
each and every implementation.
Based upon work done by Arjan van de Ven and feedback
from Linus Torvalds.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now that dev_net() exists, the usefullness of them is even less. Also they're
a big problem in resolving circular header dependencies necessary for
NOTRACK-in-netns patch. See below.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
The netfilter subsystem only supports a handful of protocols (much
less than PF_*) and even non-PF protocols like ARP and
pseudo-protocols like PF_BRIDGE. By creating NFPROTO_*, we can earn a
few memory savings on arrays that previously were always PF_MAX-sized
and keep the pseudo-protocols to ourselves.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
and (try to) consistently use u_int8_t for the L3 family.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Greg Steuck <greg@nest.cx> points out that some of the netfilter
headers can't be used in userspace without including linux/types.h
first. The headers include their own linux/types.h include statements,
these are stripped by make headers-install because they are inside
#ifdef __KERNEL__ however. Move them out to fix this.
Reported and Tested by Greg Steuck.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Move the UDP-Lite conntrack checksum validation to a generic helper
similar to nf_checksum() and make it fall back to nf_checksum()
in case the full packet is to be checksummed and hardware checksums
are available. This is to be used by DCCP conntrack, which also
needs to verify partial checksums.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Commit 9335f047fe aka
"[NETFILTER]: ip_tables: per-netns FILTER, MANGLE, RAW"
added per-netns _view_ of iptables rules. They were shown to user, but
ignored by filtering code. Now that it's possible to at least ping loopback,
per-netns tables can affect filtering decisions.
netns is taken in case of
PRE_ROUTING, LOCAL_IN -- from in device,
POST_ROUTING, LOCAL_OUT -- from out device,
FORWARD -- from in device which should be equal to out device's netns.
This code is relatively new, so BUG_ON was plugged.
Wrappers were added to a) keep code the same from CONFIG_NET_NS=n users
(overwhelming majority), b) consolidate code in one place -- similar
changes will be done in ipv6 and arp netfilter code.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@sw.ru>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Properly add parens around the macro argument. This is not needed by
the kernel but the macro is exported to userspace, so it shouldn't
make any assumptions.
Also use NF_VERDICT_BITS instead of NF_VERDICT_QBTIS for the left-shift
since thats whats logically correct.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As reported by David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>, using u_int32_t
in struct nf_inet_addr breaks the busybox build. Fix by using __u32.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Extend union nf_inet_addr with struct in_addr and in6_addr. Useful
because a lot of in-kernel IPv4 and IPv6 functions use
in_addr/in6_addr.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@computergmbh.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The conntracks subsystem has a similar infrastructure
to maintain ctl_paths, but since we already have it
on the generic level, I think it's OK to switch to
using it.
So, basically, this patch just replaces the ctl_table-s
with ctl_path-s, nf_register_sysctl_table with
register_sysctl_paths() and removes no longer needed code.
After this the net/netfilter/nf_sysctl.c file contains
the paths only.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
A few netfilter modules provide their own union of IPv4 and IPv6
address storage. Will unify that in this patch series.
(1/4): Rename union nf_conntrack_address to union nf_inet_addr and
move it to x_tables.h.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@computergmbh.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We need to use rcu_assign_pointer/rcu_dereference to avoid races.
Also remove an obsolete CONFIG_IP_NAT_NEEDED ifdef.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Patrick McHardy
Joe Perches
Pablo Neira Ayuso
David Howells
Denys Fedoryshchenko
Eric W. Biederman
Ingo Molnar
Eric Dumazet
David S. Miller
Florian Westphal
Simon Horman
Eric Paris
Jan Engelhardt
Alexey Dobriyan
Alexey Dobriyan
Jan Engelhardt
Pavel Emelyanov