Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
For some file systems we still memcpy into it, but in various places this
already allows us to use the proper uuid helpers. More to come..
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> (Changes to IMA/EVM)
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Let cleancache_fs_enabled() call cleancache_fs_enabled_mapping()
directly.
Remove redundant variable ret in cleancache_get_page().
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
The cleancache_ops structure is never modified, so declare it as const.
Done with the help of Coccinelle.
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
The limit equals 32 and is imposed by the number of entries in the
fs_poolid_map and shared_fs_poolid_map. Nowadays it is insufficient,
because with containers on board a Linux host can have hundreds of
active fs mounts.
These maps were introduced by commit 49a9ab815a ("mm: cleancache:
lazy initialization to allow tmem backends to build/run as modules") in
order to allow compiling cleancache drivers as modules. Real pool ids
are stored in these maps while super_block->cleancache_poolid points to
an entry in the map, so that on cleancache registration we can walk over
all (if there are <= 32 of them, of course) cleancache-enabled super
blocks and assign real pool ids.
Actually, there is absolutely no need in these maps, because we can
iterate over all super blocks immediately using iterate_supers. This is
not racy, because cleancache_init_ops is called from mount_fs with
super_block->s_umount held for writing, while iterate_supers takes this
semaphore for reading, so if we call iterate_supers after setting
cleancache_ops, all super blocks that had been created before
cleancache_register_ops was called will be assigned pool ids by the
action function of iterate_supers while all newer super blocks will
receive it in cleancache_init_fs.
This patch therefore removes the maps and hence the artificial limit on
the number of cleancache enabled filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Cc: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Cc: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, cleancache_register_ops returns the previous value of
cleancache_ops to allow chaining. However, chaining, as it is
implemented now, is extremely dangerous due to possible pool id
collisions. Suppose, a new cleancache driver is registered after the
previous one assigned an id to a super block. If the new driver assigns
the same id to another super block, which is perfectly possible, we will
have two different filesystems using the same id. No matter if the new
driver implements chaining or not, we are likely to get data corruption
with such a configuration eventually.
This patch therefore disables the ability to override cleancache_ops
altogether as potentially dangerous. If there is already cleancache
driver registered, all further calls to cleancache_register_ops will
return EBUSY. Since no user of cleancache implements chaining, we only
need to make minor changes to the code outside the cleancache core.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Cc: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Cc: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use super_block->s_uuid instead. Every shared filesystem using cleancache
must now initialize super_block->s_uuid before calling
cleancache_init_shared_fs. The only one on the tree, ocfs2, already meets
this requirement.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Cc: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Cc: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cleancache_ops is used to decide whether backend is registered.
So now cleancache_enabled is always true if defined CONFIG_CLEANCACHE.
Signed-off-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Instead of using a backend_registered to determine whether a backend is
enabled. This allows us to remove the backend_register check and just
do 'if (cleancache_ops)'
[v1: Rebase on top of b97c4b430b0a (ramster->zcache move]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andor Daam <andor.daam@googlemail.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Florian Schmaus <fschmaus@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Stefan Hengelein <ilendir@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Complete the renaming from "flush" to "invalidate" across
both tmem frontends (cleancache and frontswap) and both tmem backends
(Xen and zcache), as required by akpm.
This change is completely cosmetic.
[v10: no change]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: change "flush" to "invalidate", part 3]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[v11: Remove the frontswap part]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Per akpm suggestions alter the use of the term flush to be
invalidate. The next patch will do this across all MM.
This change is completely cosmetic.
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: change "flush" to "invalidate", part 3]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[v10: Fixed fs: move code out of buffer.c conflict change]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
This third patch of eight in this cleancache series provides
the core code for cleancache that interfaces between the hooks in
VFS and individual filesystems and a cleancache backend. It also
includes build and config patches.
Two new files are added: mm/cleancache.c and include/linux/cleancache.h.
Note that CONFIG_CLEANCACHE can default to on; in systems that do
not provide a cleancache backend, all hooks devolve to a simple
check of a global enable flag, so performance impact should
be negligible but can be reduced to zero impact if config'ed off.
However for this first commit, it defaults to off.
Details and a FAQ can be found in Documentation/vm/cleancache.txt
Credits: Cleancache_ops design derived from Jeremy Fitzhardinge
design for tmem
[v8: dan.magenheimer@oracle.com: fix exportfs call affecting btrfs]
[v8: akpm@linux-foundation.org: use static inline function, not macro]
[v7: dan.magenheimer@oracle.com: cleanup sysfs and remove cleancache prefix]
[v6: JBeulich@novell.com: robustly handle buggy fs encode_fh actor definition]
[v5: jeremy@goop.org: clean up global usage and static var names]
[v5: jeremy@goop.org: simplify init hook and any future fs init changes]
[v5: hch@infradead.org: cleaner non-global interface for ops registration]
[v4: adilger@sun.com: interface must support exportfs FS's]
[v4: hch@infradead.org: interface must support 64-bit FS on 32-bit kernel]
[v3: akpm@linux-foundation.org: use one ops struct to avoid pointer hops]
[v3: akpm@linux-foundation.org: document and ensure PageLocked reqts are met]
[v3: ngupta@vflare.org: fix success/fail codes, change funcs to void]
[v2: viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk: use sane types]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Reviewed-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Rik Van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Ted Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Christoph Hellwig
Chen Gang
Julia Lawall
Vladimir Davydov
Bob Liu
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk
Dan Magenheimer