Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Make the location monitor callback function prototype more useful by
changing the argument from an integer to a void pointer.
All VME bridge drivers were simply passing the location monitor index
(e.g. 0-3) as the argument to these callbacks. It is much more useful
to pass back a pointer to data that the callback-registering driver
cares about.
There appear to be no in-kernel callers of vme_lm_attach (or
vme_lme_request for that matter), so this change only affects the VME
subsystem and bridge drivers.
This has been tested with Tsi148 hardware, but the CA91Cx42 changes
have only been compiled.
Signed-off-by: Aaron Sierra <asierra@xes-inc.com>
Acked-by: Martyn Welch <martyn@welchs.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Consolidate vme_bridge structure setup that every bridge was required
to do itself. This came about because .irq_mtx is only used within the
VME core, but was required to be setup externally.
This returns the structure passed in to support shorthand like this:
bridge = vme_init_bridge(&priv->bridge);
Signed-off-by: Aaron Sierra <asierra@xes-inc.com>
Acked-by: Martyn Welch <martyn@welchs.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Here is the big char/misc driver update for 4.4-rc1. Lots of different
driver and subsystem updates, hwtracing being the largest with the
addition of some new platforms that are now supported. Full details in
the shortlog.
All of these have been in linux-next for a long time with no reported issues.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'char-misc-4.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc driver updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big char/misc driver update for 4.4-rc1. Lots of
different driver and subsystem updates, hwtracing being the largest
with the addition of some new platforms that are now supported. Full
details in the shortlog.
All of these have been in linux-next for a long time with no reported
issues"
* tag 'char-misc-4.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (181 commits)
fpga: socfpga: Fix check of return value of devm_request_irq
lkdtm: fix ACCESS_USERSPACE test
mcb: Destroy IDA on module unload
mcb: Do not return zero on error path in mcb_pci_probe()
mei: bus: set the device name before running fixup
mei: bus: use correct lock ordering
mei: Fix debugfs filename in error output
char: ipmi: ipmi_ssif: Replace timeval with timespec64
fpga: zynq-fpga: Fix issue with drvdata being overwritten.
fpga manager: remove unnecessary null pointer checks
fpga manager: ensure lifetime with of_fpga_mgr_get
fpga: zynq-fpga: Change fw format to handle bin instead of bit.
fpga: zynq-fpga: Fix unbalanced clock handling
misc: sram: partition base address belongs to __iomem space
coresight: etm3x: adding documentation for sysFS's cpu interface
vme: 8-bit status/id takes 256 values, not 255
fpga manager: Adding FPGA Manager support for Xilinx Zynq 7000
ARM: zynq: dt: Updated devicetree for Zynq 7000 platform.
ARM: dt: fpga: Added binding docs for Xilinx Zynq FPGA manager.
ver_linux: proc/modules, limit text processing to 'sed'
...
Fixes an off by one array size.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kalinkin <dmitry.kalinkin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The current VME bus error handler adds errors to the bridge error list.
vme_master_{read,write} then traverses that list to look for relevant
errors.
Such scheme didn't work well for accesses going through vme_master_mmap
because they would also allocate a vme_bus_error, but have no way to do
vme_clear_errors call to free that memory.
This changes the error handling process to be other way around: now
vme_master_{read,write} defines a window in VME address space that will
catch possible errors. VME bus error interrupt only traverses these
windows and marks those that had errors in them.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kalinkin <dmitry.kalinkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Igor Alekseev <igor.alekseev@itep.ru>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Also changes vme_bus_error_handler to take generic address modifier code
instead of raw contents of a device-specific attribute register.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kalinkin <dmitry.kalinkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Igor Alekseev <igor.alekseev@itep.ru>
Acked-by: Martyn Welch <martyn@welchs.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Error handling code found in tsi148 is not device specific. In fact it
already relies on shared vme_bus_error struct and vme_bridge.vme_errors
field. The other bridge driver could reuse this code if it is shared.
This introduces a slight behavior change: vme error message won't be
triggered in a rare case when err_chk=1 and kmalloc fails.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Kalinkin <dmitry.kalinkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Igor Alekseev <igor.alekseev@itep.ru>
Acked-by: Martyn Welch <martyn@welchs.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This moves the VME core, VME board drivers, and VME bridge drivers out
of the drivers/staging/vme/ area to drivers/vme/.
The VME device drivers have not moved out yet due to some API questions
they are still working through, that should happen soon, hopefully.
Cc: Martyn Welch <martyn.welch@ge.com>
Cc: Manohar Vanga <manohar.vanga@cern.ch>
Cc: Vincent Bossier <vincent.bossier@gmail.com>
Cc: "Emilio G. Cota" <cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Aaron Sierra
Linus Torvalds
Dmitry Kalinkin