A good practice is to prefix the names of functions by the name
of the subsystem.
The kthread worker API is a mix of classic kthreads and workqueues. Each
worker has a dedicated kthread. It runs a generic function that process
queued works. It is implemented as part of the kthread subsystem.
This patch renames the existing kthread worker API to use
the corresponding name from the workqueues API prefixed by
kthread_:
__init_kthread_worker() -> __kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_worker() -> kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_work() -> kthread_init_work()
insert_kthread_work() -> kthread_insert_work()
queue_kthread_work() -> kthread_queue_work()
flush_kthread_work() -> kthread_flush_work()
flush_kthread_worker() -> kthread_flush_worker()
Note that the names of DEFINE_KTHREAD_WORK*() macros stay
as they are. It is common that the "DEFINE_" prefix has
precedence over the subsystem names.
Note that INIT() macros and init() functions use different
naming scheme. There is no good solution. There are several
reasons for this solution:
+ "init" in the function names stands for the verb "initialize"
aka "initialize worker". While "INIT" in the macro names
stands for the noun "INITIALIZER" aka "worker initializer".
+ INIT() macros are used only in DEFINE() macros
+ init() functions are used close to the other kthread()
functions. It looks much better if all the functions
use the same scheme.
+ There will be also kthread_destroy_worker() that will
be used close to kthread_cancel_work(). It is related
to the init() function. Again it looks better if all
functions use the same naming scheme.
+ there are several precedents for such init() function
names, e.g. amd_iommu_init_device(), free_area_init_node(),
jump_label_init_type(), regmap_init_mmio_clk(),
+ It is not an argument but it was inconsistent even before.
[arnd@arndb.de: fix linux-next merge conflict]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908135724.1311726-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-3-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All architectures:
Move `make kvmconfig` stubs from x86; use 64 bits for debugfs stats.
ARM:
Important fixes for not using an in-kernel irqchip; handle SError
exceptions and present them to guests if appropriate; proxying of GICV
access at EL2 if guest mappings are unsafe; GICv3 on AArch32 on ARMv8;
preparations for GICv3 save/restore, including ABI docs; cleanups and
a bit of optimizations.
MIPS:
A couple of fixes in preparation for supporting MIPS EVA host kernels;
MIPS SMP host & TLB invalidation fixes.
PPC:
Fix the bug which caused guests to falsely report lockups; other minor
fixes; a small optimization.
s390:
Lazy enablement of runtime instrumentation; up to 255 CPUs for nested
guests; rework of machine check deliver; cleanups and fixes.
x86:
IOMMU part of AMD's AVIC for vmexit-less interrupt delivery; Hyper-V
TSC page; per-vcpu tsc_offset in debugfs; accelerated INS/OUTS in
nVMX; cleanups and fixes.
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Merge tag 'kvm-4.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM updates from Radim Krčmář:
"All architectures:
- move `make kvmconfig` stubs from x86
- use 64 bits for debugfs stats
ARM:
- Important fixes for not using an in-kernel irqchip
- handle SError exceptions and present them to guests if appropriate
- proxying of GICV access at EL2 if guest mappings are unsafe
- GICv3 on AArch32 on ARMv8
- preparations for GICv3 save/restore, including ABI docs
- cleanups and a bit of optimizations
MIPS:
- A couple of fixes in preparation for supporting MIPS EVA host
kernels
- MIPS SMP host & TLB invalidation fixes
PPC:
- Fix the bug which caused guests to falsely report lockups
- other minor fixes
- a small optimization
s390:
- Lazy enablement of runtime instrumentation
- up to 255 CPUs for nested guests
- rework of machine check deliver
- cleanups and fixes
x86:
- IOMMU part of AMD's AVIC for vmexit-less interrupt delivery
- Hyper-V TSC page
- per-vcpu tsc_offset in debugfs
- accelerated INS/OUTS in nVMX
- cleanups and fixes"
* tag 'kvm-4.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (140 commits)
KVM: MIPS: Drop dubious EntryHi optimisation
KVM: MIPS: Invalidate TLB by regenerating ASIDs
KVM: MIPS: Split kernel/user ASID regeneration
KVM: MIPS: Drop other CPU ASIDs on guest MMU changes
KVM: arm/arm64: vgic: Don't flush/sync without a working vgic
KVM: arm64: Require in-kernel irqchip for PMU support
KVM: PPC: Book3s PR: Allow access to unprivileged MMCR2 register
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Support 64kB page size on POWER8E and POWER8NVL
KVM: PPC: Book3S: Remove duplicate setting of the B field in tlbie
KVM: PPC: BookE: Fix a sanity check
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Take out virtual core piggybacking code
KVM: PPC: Book3S: Treat VTB as a per-subcore register, not per-thread
ARM: gic-v3: Work around definition of gic_write_bpr1
KVM: nVMX: Fix the NMI IDT-vectoring handling
KVM: VMX: Enable MSR-BASED TPR shadow even if APICv is inactive
KVM: nVMX: Fix reload apic access page warning
kvmconfig: add virtio-gpu to config fragment
config: move x86 kvm_guest.config to a common location
arm64: KVM: Remove duplicating init code for setting VMID
ARM: KVM: Support vgic-v3
...
Run kvm-unit-tests/eventinj.flat in L1:
Sending NMI to self
After NMI to self
FAIL: NMI
This test scenario is to test whether VMM can handle NMI IDT-vectoring info correctly.
At the beginning, L2 writes LAPIC to send a self NMI, the EPT page tables on both L1
and L0 are empty so:
- The L2 accesses memory can generate EPT violation which can be intercepted by L0.
The EPT violation vmexit occurred during delivery of this NMI, and the NMI info is
recorded in vmcs02's IDT-vectoring info.
- L0 walks L1's EPT12 and L0 sees the mapping is invalid, it injects the EPT violation into L1.
The vmcs02's IDT-vectoring info is reflected to vmcs12's IDT-vectoring info since
it is a nested vmexit.
- L1 receives the EPT violation, then fixes its EPT12.
- L1 executes VMRESUME to resume L2 which generates vmexit and causes L1 exits to L0.
- L0 emulates VMRESUME which is called from L1, then return to L2.
L0 merges the requirement of vmcs12's IDT-vectoring info and injects it to L2 through
vmcs02.
- The L2 re-executes the fault instruction and cause EPT violation again.
- Since the L1's EPT12 is valid, L0 can fix its EPT02
- L0 resume L2
The EPT violation vmexit occurred during delivery of this NMI again, and the NMI info
is recorded in vmcs02's IDT-vectoring info. L0 should inject the NMI through vmentry
event injection since it is caused by EPT02's EPT violation.
However, vmx_inject_nmi() refuses to inject NMI from IDT-vectoring info if vCPU is in
guest mode, this patch fix it by permitting to inject NMI from IDT-vectoring if it is
the L0's responsibility to inject NMI from IDT-vectoring info to L2.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Cc: Bandan Das <bsd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
I observed that kvmvapic(to optimize flexpriority=N or AMD) is used
to boost TPR access when testing kvm-unit-test/eventinj.flat tpr case
on my haswell desktop (w/ flexpriority, w/o APICv). Commit (8d14695f95
x86, apicv: add virtual x2apic support) disable virtual x2apic mode
completely if w/o APICv, and the author also told me that windows guest
can't enter into x2apic mode when he developed the APICv feature several
years ago. However, it is not truth currently, Interrupt Remapping and
vIOMMU is added to qemu and the developers from Intel test windows 8 can
work in x2apic mode w/ Interrupt Remapping enabled recently.
This patch enables TPR shadow for virtual x2apic mode to boost
windows guest in x2apic mode even if w/o APICv.
Can pass the kvm-unit-test.
Suggested-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Wincy Van <fanwenyi0529@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Wincy Van <fanwenyi0529@gmail.com>
Cc: Yang Zhang <yang.zhang.wz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 4230 at kernel/sched/core.c:7564 __might_sleep+0x7e/0x80
do not call blocking ops when !TASK_RUNNING; state=1 set at [<ffffffff8d0de7f9>] prepare_to_swait+0x39/0xa0
CPU: 1 PID: 4230 Comm: qemu-system-x86 Not tainted 4.8.0-rc5+ #47
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x99/0xd0
__warn+0xd1/0xf0
warn_slowpath_fmt+0x4f/0x60
? prepare_to_swait+0x39/0xa0
? prepare_to_swait+0x39/0xa0
__might_sleep+0x7e/0x80
__gfn_to_pfn_memslot+0x156/0x480 [kvm]
gfn_to_pfn+0x2a/0x30 [kvm]
gfn_to_page+0xe/0x20 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_reload_apic_access_page+0x32/0xa0 [kvm]
nested_vmx_vmexit+0x765/0xca0 [kvm_intel]
? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x36/0x80
vmx_check_nested_events+0x49/0x1f0 [kvm_intel]
kvm_arch_vcpu_runnable+0x2d/0xe0 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_check_block+0x12/0x60 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_block+0x94/0x4c0 [kvm]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x619/0x1aa0 [kvm]
? kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xdf1/0x1aa0 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d3/0x7c0 [kvm]
===============================
[ INFO: suspicious RCU usage. ]
4.8.0-rc5+ #47 Not tainted
-------------------------------
./include/linux/kvm_host.h:535 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!
other info that might help us debug this:
rcu_scheduler_active = 1, debug_locks = 0
1 lock held by qemu-system-x86/4230:
#0: (&vcpu->mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffffc062975c>] vcpu_load+0x1c/0x60 [kvm]
stack backtrace:
CPU: 1 PID: 4230 Comm: qemu-system-x86 Not tainted 4.8.0-rc5+ #47
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x99/0xd0
lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0xe7/0x120
gfn_to_memslot+0x12a/0x140 [kvm]
gfn_to_pfn+0x12/0x30 [kvm]
gfn_to_page+0xe/0x20 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_reload_apic_access_page+0x32/0xa0 [kvm]
nested_vmx_vmexit+0x765/0xca0 [kvm_intel]
? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x36/0x80
vmx_check_nested_events+0x49/0x1f0 [kvm_intel]
kvm_arch_vcpu_runnable+0x2d/0xe0 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_check_block+0x12/0x60 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_block+0x94/0x4c0 [kvm]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x619/0x1aa0 [kvm]
? kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xdf1/0x1aa0 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d3/0x7c0 [kvm]
? __fget+0xfd/0x210
? __lock_is_held+0x54/0x70
do_vfs_ioctl+0x96/0x6a0
? __fget+0x11c/0x210
? __fget+0x5/0x210
SyS_ioctl+0x79/0x90
do_syscall_64+0x81/0x220
entry_SYSCALL64_slow_path+0x25/0x25
These can be triggered by running kvm-unit-test: ./x86-run x86/vmx.flat
The nested preemption timer is based on hrtimer which is started on L2
entry, stopped on L2 exit and evaluated via the new check_nested_events
hook. The current logic adds vCPU to a simple waitqueue (TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE)
if need to yield pCPU and w/o holding srcu read lock when accesses memslots,
both can be in nested preemption timer evaluation path which results in
the warning above.
This patch fix it by leveraging request bit to async reload APIC access
page before vmentry in order to avoid to reload directly during the nested
preemption timer evaluation, it is safe since the vmcs01 is loaded and
current is nested vmexit.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Yunhong Jiang <yunhong.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
vm_data->avic_vm_id is a u32, so the check for a error
return (less than zero) such as -EAGAIN from
avic_get_next_vm_id currently has no effect whatsoever.
Fix this by using a temporary int for the comparison
and assign vm_data->avic_vm_id to this. I used an explicit
u32 cast in the assignment to show why vm_data->avic_vm_id
cannot be used in the assign/compare steps.
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Lately tsc page was implemented but filled with empty
values. This patch setup tsc page scale and offset based
on vcpu tsc, tsc_khz and HV_X64_MSR_TIME_REF_COUNT value.
The valid tsc page drops HV_X64_MSR_TIME_REF_COUNT msr
reads count to zero which potentially improves performance.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Smetanin <asmetanin@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Hornyack <peterhornyack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
CC: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
CC: Roman Kagan <rkagan@virtuozzo.com>
CC: Denis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
[Computation of TSC page parameters rewritten to use the Linux timekeeper
parameters. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce a function that reads the exact nanoseconds value that is
provided to the guest in kvmclock. This crystallizes the notion of
kvmclock as a thin veneer over a stable TSC, that the guest will
(hopefully) convert with NTP. In other words, kvmclock is *not* a
paravirtualized host-to-guest NTP.
Drop the get_kernel_ns() function, that was used both to get the base
value of the master clock and to get the current value of kvmclock.
The former use is replaced by ktime_get_boot_ns(), the latter is
the purpose of get_kernel_ns().
This also allows KVM to provide a Hyper-V time reference counter that
is synchronized with the time that is computed from the TSC page.
Reviewed-by: Roman Kagan <rkagan@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make the guest's kvmclock count up from zero, not from the host boot
time. The guest cannot rely on that anyway because it changes on
migration, the numbers are easier on the eye and finally it matches the
desired semantics of the Hyper-V time reference counter.
Reviewed-by: Roman Kagan <rkagan@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We will use it in the next patches for KVM_GET_CLOCK and as a basis for the
contents of the Hyper-V TSC page. Get the values from the Linux
timekeeper even if kvmclock is not enabled.
Reviewed-by: Roman Kagan <rkagan@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pull perf fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
"A couple of small fixes to x86 perf drivers:
- Measure L2 for HW_CACHE* events on AMD
- Fix the address filter handling in the intel/pt driver
- Handle the BTS disabling at the proper place"
* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
perf/x86/amd: Make HW_CACHE_REFERENCES and HW_CACHE_MISSES measure L2
perf/x86/intel/pt: Do validate the size of a kernel address filter
perf/x86/intel/pt: Fix kernel address filter's offset validation
perf/x86/intel/pt: Fix an off-by-one in address filter configuration
perf/x86/intel: Don't disable "intel_bts" around "intel" event batching
This commit exports the following information to
user-space via the newly created per-vcpu debugfs
directory:
- TSC offset (as a signed number)
- TSC scaling ratio
- TSC scaling ratio fractinal bits
The original intention of this commit was to
export only the TSC offset, but the TSC scaling
information is exported for completeness.
We need to retrieve the TSC offset from user-space
in order to support the merging of host and guest
traces in trace-cmd. Today, we use the kvm_write_tsc_offset
tracepoint, but it has a number of problems (mainly,
it requires a running VM to be rebooted, ftrace setup,
and also tracepoints are not supposed to be ABIs).
The merging of host and guest traces is explained
in more detail in this thread:
[Qemu-devel] [RFC] host and guest kernel trace merging
https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2016-03/msg00887.html
This commit creates the following files in debugfs:
/sys/kernel/debug/kvm/66828-10/vcpu0/tsc-offset
/sys/kernel/debug/kvm/66828-10/vcpu0/tsc-scaling-ratio
/sys/kernel/debug/kvm/66828-10/vcpu0/tsc-scaling-ratio-frac-bits
The last two are only created if TSC scaling is supported.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Two stubs are added:
o kvm_arch_has_vcpu_debugfs(): must return true if the arch
supports creating debugfs entries in the vcpu debugfs dir
(which will be implemented by the next commit)
o kvm_arch_create_vcpu_debugfs(): code that creates debugfs
entries in the vcpu debugfs dir
For x86, this commit introduces a new file to avoid growing
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c even more.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TSC offset can now be read directly from struct kvm_arch_vcpu.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
A future commit will want to easily read a vCPU's TSC offset,
so we store it in struct kvm_arch_vcpu_arch for easy access.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
While the Intel PMU monitors the LLC when perf enables the
HW_CACHE_REFERENCES and HW_CACHE_MISSES events, these events monitor
L1 instruction cache fetches (0x0080) and instruction cache misses
(0x0081) on the AMD PMU.
This is extremely confusing when monitoring the same workload across
Intel and AMD machines, since parameters like,
$ perf stat -e cache-references,cache-misses
measure completely different things.
Instead, make the AMD PMU measure instruction/data cache and TLB fill
requests to the L2 and instruction/data cache and TLB misses in the L2
when HW_CACHE_REFERENCES and HW_CACHE_MISSES are enabled,
respectively. That way the events measure unified caches on both
platforms.
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472044328-21302-1-git-send-email-matt@codeblueprint.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When userspace sends KVM_SET_LAPIC, KVM schedules a check between
the vCPU's IRR and ISR and the IOAPIC redirection table, in order
to re-establish the IOAPIC's dest_map (the list of CPUs servicing
the real-time clock interrupt with the corresponding vectors).
However, __rtc_irq_eoi_tracking_restore_one was forgetting to
set dest_map->vectors. Because of this, the IOAPIC did not process
the real-time clock interrupt EOI, ioapic->rtc_status.pending_eoi
got stuck at a non-zero value, and further RTC interrupts were
reported to userspace as coalesced.
Fixes: 9e4aabe2bb
Fixes: 4d99ba898d
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: David Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This patch implements update_pi_irte function hook to allow SVM
communicate to IOMMU driver regarding how to set up IRTE for handling
posted interrupt.
In case AVIC is enabled, during vcpu_load/unload, SVM needs to update
IOMMU IRTE with appropriate host physical APIC ID. Also, when
vcpu_blocking/unblocking, SVM needs to update the is-running bit in
the IOMMU IRTE. Both are achieved via calling amd_iommu_update_ga().
However, if GA mode is not enabled for the pass-through device,
IOMMU driver will simply just return when calling amd_iommu_update_ga.
Signed-off-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This patch introduces avic_ga_log_notifier, which will be called
by IOMMU driver whenever it handles the Guest vAPIC (GA) log entry.
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduces per-VM AVIC ID and helper functions to manage the IDs.
Currently, the ID will be used to implement 32-bit AVIC IOMMU GA tag.
The ID is 24-bit one-based indexing value, and is managed via helper
functions to get the next ID, or to free an ID once a VM is destroyed.
There should be no ID conflict for any active VMs.
Reviewed-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Expose the feature to L1 hypervisor if host CPU supports it, since
certain hypervisors requires it for own purposes.
According to Intel SDM A.1, if CPU supports the feature,
VMX_INSTRUCTION_INFO field of VMCS will contain detailed information
about INS/OUTS instructions handling. This field is already copied to
VMCS12 for L1 hypervisor (see prepare_vmcs12 routine) independently
feature presence.
Signed-off-by: Jan Dakinevich <jan.dakinevich@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
setup_vmcs_config takes a pointer to the vmcs_config global. The
indirection is somewhat pointless, but just keep things consistent
for now.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
handle_external_intr does not enable interrupts anymore, vcpu_enter_guest
does it after calling guest_exit_irqoff.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
These are mostly related to nested VMX. They needn't have
a loglevel as high as KERN_WARN, and mustn't be allowed to
pollute the host logs.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If EPT support is exposed to L1 hypervisor, guest linear-address field
of VMCS should contain GVA of L2, the access to which caused EPT violation.
Signed-off-by: Jan Dakinevich <jan.dakinevich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Commit 61abdbe0bc ("kvm: x86: make lapic hrtimer pinned") pins the emulated
lapic timer. This patch does the same for the emulated nested preemption
timer to avoid vmexit an unrelated vCPU and the latency of kicking IPI to
another vCPU.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Yunhong Jiang <yunhong.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The validity check for the guest line address is inefficient,
check the invalid value instead of enumerating the valid ones.
Signed-off-by: Liang Li <liang.z.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
TSC_OFFSET will be adjusted if discovers TSC backward during vCPU load.
The preemption timer, which relies on the guest tsc to reprogram its
preemption timer value, is also reprogrammed if vCPU is scheded in to
a different pCPU. However, the current implementation reprogram preemption
timer before TSC_OFFSET is adjusted to the right value, resulting in the
preemption timer firing prematurely.
This patch fix it by adjusting TSC_OFFSET before reprogramming preemption
timer if TSC backward.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krċmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Yunhong Jiang <yunhong.jiang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Expose AVX512DQ, AVX512BW, AVX512VL feature to guest.
Its spec can be found at:
https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/managed/b4/3a/319433-024.pdf
Signed-off-by: Luwei Kang <luwei.kang@intel.com>
[Resolved a trivial conflict with removed F(PCOMMIT).]
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
That parameter isn't used in these functions,
it's probably a historical artifact.
Signed-off-by: Bandan Das <bsd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
APIC map table is recalculated during reset APIC ID to the initial value
when enabling LAPIC. This patch move the recalculate_apic_map() to the
next branch since we don't need to recalculate apic map twice in current
codes.
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When the host supported TSC scaling, L2 would use a TSC multiplier of
0, which causes a VM entry failure. Now L2's TSC uses the same
multiplier as L1.
Signed-off-by: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If vmcs12 does not intercept APIC_BASE writes, then KVM will handle the
write with vmcs02 as the current VMCS.
This will incorrectly apply modifications intended for vmcs01 to vmcs02
and L2 can use it to gain access to L0's x2APIC registers by disabling
virtualized x2APIC while using msr bitmap that assumes enabled.
Postpone execution of vmx_set_virtual_x2apic_mode until vmcs01 is the
current VMCS. An alternative solution would temporarily make vmcs01 the
current VMCS, but it requires more care.
Fixes: 8d14695f95 ("x86, apicv: add virtual x2apic support")
Reported-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
msr bitmap can be used to avoid a VM exit (interception) on guest MSR
accesses. In some configurations of VMX controls, the guest can even
directly access host's x2APIC MSRs. See SDM 29.5 VIRTUALIZING MSR-BASED
APIC ACCESSES.
L2 could read all L0's x2APIC MSRs and write TPR, EOI, and SELF_IPI.
To do so, L1 would first trick KVM to disable all possible interceptions
by enabling APICv features and then would turn those features off;
nested_vmx_merge_msr_bitmap() only disabled interceptions, so VMX would
not intercept previously enabled MSRs even though they were not safe
with the new configuration.
Correctly re-enabling interceptions is not enough as a second bug would
still allow L1+L2 to access host's MSRs: msr bitmap was shared for all
VMCSs, so L1 could trigger a race to get the desired combination of msr
bitmap and VMX controls.
This fix allocates a msr bitmap for every L1 VCPU, allows only safe
x2APIC MSRs from L1's msr bitmap, and disables msr bitmaps if they would
have to intercept everything anyway.
Fixes: 3af18d9c5f ("KVM: nVMX: Prepare for using hardware MSR bitmap")
Reported-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Suggested-by: Wincy Van <fanwenyi0529@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpeng.li@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Guided by grsecurity's analogous __read_only markings in arch/x86,
this applies several uses of __ro_after_init to structures that are
only updated during __init, and const for some structures that are
never updated. Additionally extends __init markings to some functions
that are only used during __init, and cleans up some missing C99 style
static initializers.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160808232906.GA29731@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Commit 4b85507860 ("KVM: nVMX: Don't advertise single
context invalidation for invept") removed advertising
single context invalidation since the spec does not mandate it.
However, some hypervisors (such as ESX) require it to be present
before willing to use ept in a nested environment. Advertise it
and fallback to the global case.
Signed-off-by: Bandan Das <bsd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Nested vpid is already supported and both single/global
modes are advertised to the guest
Signed-off-by: Bandan Das <bsd@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Includes GSI routing support to go along with the new VGIC and a small fix that
has been cooking in -next for a while.
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Merge tag 'kvm-arm-for-4.8-take2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/ARM Changes for v4.8 - Take 2
Includes GSI routing support to go along with the new VGIC and a small fix that
has been cooking in -next for a while.
VGIC implementation.
- s390: support for trapping software breakpoints, nested virtualization
(vSIE), the STHYI opcode, initial extensions for CPU model support.
- MIPS: support for MIPS64 hosts (32-bit guests only) and lots of cleanups,
preliminary to this and the upcoming support for hardware virtualization
extensions.
- x86: support for execute-only mappings in nested EPT; reduced vmexit
latency for TSC deadline timer (by about 30%) on Intel hosts; support for
more than 255 vCPUs.
- PPC: bugfixes.
The ugly bit is the conflicts. A couple of them are simple conflicts due
to 4.7 fixes, but most of them are with other trees. There was definitely
too much reliance on Acked-by here. Some conflicts are for KVM patches
where _I_ gave my Acked-by, but the worst are for this pull request's
patches that touch files outside arch/*/kvm. KVM submaintainers should
probably learn to synchronize better with arch maintainers, with the
latter providing topic branches whenever possible instead of Acked-by.
This is what we do with arch/x86. And I should learn to refuse pull
requests when linux-next sends scary signals, even if that means that
submaintainers have to rebase their branches.
Anyhow, here's the list:
- arch/x86/kvm/vmx.c: handle_pcommit and EXIT_REASON_PCOMMIT was removed
by the nvdimm tree. This tree adds handle_preemption_timer and
EXIT_REASON_PREEMPTION_TIMER at the same place. In general all mentions
of pcommit have to go.
There is also a conflict between a stable fix and this patch, where the
stable fix removed the vmx_create_pml_buffer function and its call.
- virt/kvm/kvm_main.c: kvm_cpu_notifier was removed by the hotplug tree.
This tree adds kvm_io_bus_get_dev at the same place.
- virt/kvm/arm/vgic.c: a few final bugfixes went into 4.7 before the
file was completely removed for 4.8.
- include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v3.h: this one is entirely our fault;
this is a change that should have gone in through the irqchip tree and
pulled by kvm-arm. I think I would have rejected this kvm-arm pull
request. The KVM version is the right one, except that it lacks
GITS_BASER_PAGES_SHIFT.
- arch/powerpc: what a mess. For the idle_book3s.S conflict, the KVM
tree is the right one; everything else is trivial. In this case I am
not quite sure what went wrong. The commit that is causing the mess
(fd7bacbca4, "KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix TB corruption in guest exit
path on HMI interrupt", 2016-05-15) touches both arch/powerpc/kernel/
and arch/powerpc/kvm/. It's large, but at 396 insertions/5 deletions
I guessed that it wasn't really possible to split it and that the 5
deletions wouldn't conflict. That wasn't the case.
- arch/s390: also messy. First is hypfs_diag.c where the KVM tree
moved some code and the s390 tree patched it. You have to reapply the
relevant part of commits 6c22c98637, plus all of e030c1125e, to
arch/s390/kernel/diag.c. Or pick the linux-next conflict
resolution from http://marc.info/?l=kvm&m=146717549531603&w=2.
Second, there is a conflict in gmap.c between a stable fix and 4.8.
The KVM version here is the correct one.
I have pushed my resolution at refs/heads/merge-20160802 (commit
3d1f53419842) at git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm.git.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM updates from Paolo Bonzini:
- ARM: GICv3 ITS emulation and various fixes. Removal of the
old VGIC implementation.
- s390: support for trapping software breakpoints, nested
virtualization (vSIE), the STHYI opcode, initial extensions
for CPU model support.
- MIPS: support for MIPS64 hosts (32-bit guests only) and lots
of cleanups, preliminary to this and the upcoming support for
hardware virtualization extensions.
- x86: support for execute-only mappings in nested EPT; reduced
vmexit latency for TSC deadline timer (by about 30%) on Intel
hosts; support for more than 255 vCPUs.
- PPC: bugfixes.
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (302 commits)
KVM: PPC: Introduce KVM_CAP_PPC_HTM
MIPS: Select HAVE_KVM for MIPS64_R{2,6}
MIPS: KVM: Reset CP0_PageMask during host TLB flush
MIPS: KVM: Fix ptr->int cast via KVM_GUEST_KSEGX()
MIPS: KVM: Sign extend MFC0/RDHWR results
MIPS: KVM: Fix 64-bit big endian dynamic translation
MIPS: KVM: Fail if ebase doesn't fit in CP0_EBase
MIPS: KVM: Use 64-bit CP0_EBase when appropriate
MIPS: KVM: Set CP0_Status.KX on MIPS64
MIPS: KVM: Make entry code MIPS64 friendly
MIPS: KVM: Use kmap instead of CKSEG0ADDR()
MIPS: KVM: Use virt_to_phys() to get commpage PFN
MIPS: Fix definition of KSEGX() for 64-bit
KVM: VMX: Add VMCS to CPU's loaded VMCSs before VMPTRLD
kvm: x86: nVMX: maintain internal copy of current VMCS
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Save/restore TM state in H_CEDE
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Pull out TM state save/restore into separate procedures
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Simplify MAPI error handling
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Make vgic_its_cmd_handle_mapi similar to other handlers
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Turn device_id validation into generic ID validation
...
Pull x86 header cleanups from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree is a cleanup of the x86 tree reducing spurious uses of
module.h - which should improve build performance a bit"
* 'x86-headers-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, crypto: Restore MODULE_LICENSE() to glue_helper.c so it loads
x86/apic: Remove duplicated include from probe_64.c
x86/ce4100: Remove duplicated include from ce4100.c
x86/headers: Include spinlock_types.h in x8664_ksyms_64.c for missing spinlock_t
x86/platform: Delete extraneous MODULE_* tags fromm ts5500
x86: Audit and remove any remaining unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/kvm: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/xen: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/platform: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/lib: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/kernel: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86/mm: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h
x86: Don't use module.h just for AUTHOR / LICENSE tags
Kexec needs to know the addresses of all VMCSs that are active on
each CPU, so that it can flush them from the VMCS caches. It is
safe to record superfluous addresses that are not associated with
an active VMCS, but it is not safe to omit an address associated
with an active VMCS.
After a call to vmcs_load, the VMCS that was loaded is active on
the CPU. The VMCS should be added to the CPU's list of active
VMCSs before it is loaded.
Signed-off-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
KVM maintains L1's current VMCS in guest memory, at the guest physical
page identified by the argument to VMPTRLD. This makes hairy
time-of-check to time-of-use bugs possible,as VCPUs can be writing
the the VMCS page in memory while KVM is emulating VMLAUNCH and
VMRESUME.
The spec documents that writing to the VMCS page while it is loaded is
"undefined". Therefore it is reasonable to load the entire VMCS into
an internal cache during VMPTRLD and ignore writes to the VMCS page
-- the guest should be using VMREAD and VMWRITE to access the current
VMCS.
To adhere to the spec, KVM should flush the current VMCS during VMPTRLD,
and the target VMCS during VMCLEAR (as given by the operand to VMCLEAR).
Since this implementation of VMCS caching only maintains the the current
VMCS, VMCLEAR will only do a flush if the operand to VMCLEAR is the
current VMCS pointer.
KVM will also flush during VMXOFF, which is not mandated by the spec,
but also not in conflict with the spec.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pull smp hotplug updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is the next part of the hotplug rework.
- Convert all notifiers with a priority assigned
- Convert all CPU_STARTING/DYING notifiers
The final removal of the STARTING/DYING infrastructure will happen
when the merge window closes.
Another 700 hundred line of unpenetrable maze gone :)"
* 'smp-hotplug-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (70 commits)
timers/core: Correct callback order during CPU hot plug
leds/trigger/cpu: Move from CPU_STARTING to ONLINE level
powerpc/numa: Convert to hotplug state machine
arm/perf: Fix hotplug state machine conversion
irqchip/armada: Avoid unused function warnings
ARC/time: Convert to hotplug state machine
clocksource/atlas7: Convert to hotplug state machine
clocksource/armada-370-xp: Convert to hotplug state machine
clocksource/exynos_mct: Convert to hotplug state machine
clocksource/arm_global_timer: Convert to hotplug state machine
rcu: Convert rcutree to hotplug state machine
KVM/arm/arm64/vgic-new: Convert to hotplug state machine
smp/cfd: Convert core to hotplug state machine
x86/x2apic: Convert to CPU hotplug state machine
profile: Convert to hotplug state machine
timers/core: Convert to hotplug state machine
hrtimer: Convert to hotplug state machine
x86/tboot: Convert to hotplug state machine
arm64/armv8 deprecated: Convert to hotplug state machine
hwtracing/coresight-etm4x: Convert to hotplug state machine
...
1/ Replace pcommit with ADR / directed-flushing:
The pcommit instruction, which has not shipped on any product, is
deprecated. Instead, the requirement is that platforms implement either
ADR, or provide one or more flush addresses per nvdimm. ADR
(Asynchronous DRAM Refresh) flushes data in posted write buffers to the
memory controller on a power-fail event. Flush addresses are defined in
ACPI 6.x as an NVDIMM Firmware Interface Table (NFIT) sub-structure:
"Flush Hint Address Structure". A flush hint is an mmio address that
when written and fenced assures that all previous posted writes
targeting a given dimm have been flushed to media.
2/ On-demand ARS (address range scrub):
Linux uses the results of the ACPI ARS commands to track bad blocks
in pmem devices. When latent errors are detected we re-scrub the media
to refresh the bad block list, userspace can also request a re-scrub at
any time.
3/ Support for the Microsoft DSM (device specific method) command format.
4/ Support for EDK2/OVMF virtual disk device memory ranges.
5/ Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem.
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Merge tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull libnvdimm updates from Dan Williams:
- Replace pcommit with ADR / directed-flushing.
The pcommit instruction, which has not shipped on any product, is
deprecated. Instead, the requirement is that platforms implement
either ADR, or provide one or more flush addresses per nvdimm.
ADR (Asynchronous DRAM Refresh) flushes data in posted write buffers
to the memory controller on a power-fail event.
Flush addresses are defined in ACPI 6.x as an NVDIMM Firmware
Interface Table (NFIT) sub-structure: "Flush Hint Address Structure".
A flush hint is an mmio address that when written and fenced assures
that all previous posted writes targeting a given dimm have been
flushed to media.
- On-demand ARS (address range scrub).
Linux uses the results of the ACPI ARS commands to track bad blocks
in pmem devices. When latent errors are detected we re-scrub the
media to refresh the bad block list, userspace can also request a
re-scrub at any time.
- Support for the Microsoft DSM (device specific method) command
format.
- Support for EDK2/OVMF virtual disk device memory ranges.
- Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem.
* tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm: (41 commits)
libnvdimm-btt: Delete an unnecessary check before the function call "__nd_device_register"
nfit: do an ARS scrub on hitting a latent media error
nfit: move to nfit/ sub-directory
nfit, libnvdimm: allow an ARS scrub to be triggered on demand
libnvdimm: register nvdimm_bus devices with an nd_bus driver
pmem: clarify a debug print in pmem_clear_poison
x86/insn: remove pcommit
Revert "KVM: x86: add pcommit support"
nfit, tools/testing/nvdimm/: unify shutdown paths
libnvdimm: move ->module to struct nvdimm_bus_descriptor
nfit: cleanup acpi_nfit_init calling convention
nfit: fix _FIT evaluation memory leak + use after free
tools/testing/nvdimm: add manufacturing_{date|location} dimm properties
tools/testing/nvdimm: add virtual ramdisk range
acpi, nfit: treat virtual ramdisk SPA as pmem region
pmem: kill __pmem address space
pmem: kill wmb_pmem()
libnvdimm, pmem: use nvdimm_flush() for namespace I/O writes
fs/dax: remove wmb_pmem()
libnvdimm, pmem: flush posted-write queues on shutdown
...
- Switching of MSR_TSC_AUX in SVM was thought to cause a host
misbehavior, but it was later cleared of those doubts and the patch
moved code to a hot path, so we reverted it. That patch also needed
a fix for 32 bit builds and both were reverted in one go.
- Al Viro noticed that a fix for a leak in an error path was not valid
with the given API and provided a better fix, so the original patch
was reverted.
Then there are two VMX fixes that move code around because VMCS was not
accessed between vcpu_load() and vcpu_put(), a simple ARM VHE fix, and
two one-liners for PML and MTRR.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM leftovers from Radim Krčmář:
"This is a combination of two pull requests for 4.7-rc8 that were not
merged due to looking hairy. I have changed the tag message to focus
on circumstances of contained reverts as they were likely the reason
behind rejection.
This merge introduces three patches that are later reverted,
- Switching of MSR_TSC_AUX in SVM was thought to cause a host
misbehavior, but it was later cleared of those doubts and the patch
moved code to a hot path, so we reverted it. That patch also
needed a fix for 32 bit builds and both were reverted in one go.
- Al Viro noticed that a fix for a leak in an error path was not
valid with the given API and provided a better fix, so the original
patch was reverted.
Then there are two VMX fixes that move code around because VMCS was
not accessed between vcpu_load() and vcpu_put(), a simple ARM VHE fix,
and two one-liners for PML and MTRR"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm:
arm64: KVM: VHE: Context switch MDSCR_EL1
KVM: VMX: handle PML full VMEXIT that occurs during event delivery
Revert "KVM: SVM: fix trashing of MSR_TSC_AUX"
KVM: SVM: do not set MSR_TSC_AUX on 32-bit builds
KVM: don't use anon_inode_getfd() before possible failures
Revert "KVM: release anon file in failure path of vm creation"
KVM: release anon file in failure path of vm creation
KVM: nVMX: Fix memory corruption when using VMCS shadowing
kvm: vmx: ensure VMCS is current while enabling PML
KVM: SVM: fix trashing of MSR_TSC_AUX
KVM: MTRR: fix kvm_mtrr_check_gfn_range_consistency page fault
This reverts commit 8b3e34e46a.
Given the deprecation of the pcommit instruction, the relevant VMX
features and CPUID bits are not going to be rolled into the SDM. Remove
their usage from KVM.
Cc: Xiao Guangrong <guangrong.xiao@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Petr Mladek
Linus Torvalds
Wanpeng Li
Colin Ian King
Paolo Bonzini
Ingo Molnar
Luiz Capitulino
Matt Fleming
Suravee Suthikulpanit
Jan Dakinevich
Liang Li
Luwei Kang
Bandan Das
Peter Feiner
Radim Krčmář
Kees Cook
Jim Mattson
David Matlack
Dan Williams