We have observed several workloads running on multi-node systems where
memory is assigned unevenly across the nodes in the system. There are
numerous reasons for this but one is the round-robin rotor in
cpuset_mem_spread_node().
For example, a simple test that writes a multi-page file will allocate
pages on nodes 0 2 4 6 ... Odd nodes are skipped. (Sometimes it
allocates on odd nodes & skips even nodes).
An example is shown below. The program "lfile" writes a file consisting
of 10 pages. The program then mmaps the file & uses get_mempolicy(...,
MPOL_F_NODE) to determine the nodes where the file pages were allocated.
The output is shown below:
# ./lfile
allocated on nodes: 2 4 6 0 1 2 6 0 2
There is a single rotor that is used for allocating both file pages & slab
pages. Writing the file allocates both a data page & a slab page
(buffer_head). This advances the RR rotor 2 nodes for each page
allocated.
A quick confirmation seems to confirm this is the cause of the uneven
allocation:
# echo 0 >/dev/cpuset/memory_spread_slab
# ./lfile
allocated on nodes: 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
This patch introduces a second rotor that is used for slab allocations.
Signed-off-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before applying this patch, cpuset updates task->mems_allowed and
mempolicy by setting all new bits in the nodemask first, and clearing all
old unallowed bits later. But in the way, the allocator may find that
there is no node to alloc memory.
The reason is that cpuset rebinds the task's mempolicy, it cleans the
nodes which the allocater can alloc pages on, for example:
(mpol: mempolicy)
task1 task1's mpol task2
alloc page 1
alloc on node0? NO 1
1 change mems from 1 to 0
1 rebind task1's mpol
0-1 set new bits
0 clear disallowed bits
alloc on node1? NO 0
...
can't alloc page
goto oom
This patch fixes this problem by expanding the nodes range first(set newly
allowed bits) and shrink it lazily(clear newly disallowed bits). So we
use a variable to tell the write-side task that read-side task is reading
nodemask, and the write-side task clears newly disallowed nodes after
read-side task ends the current memory allocation.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello]
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Nick Piggin reported that the allocator may see an empty nodemask when
changing cpuset's mems[1]. It happens only on the kernel that do not do
atomic nodemask_t stores. (MAX_NUMNODES > BITS_PER_LONG)
But I found that there is also a problem on the kernel that can do atomic
nodemask_t stores. The problem is that the allocator can't find a node to
alloc page when changing cpuset's mems though there is a lot of free
memory. The reason is like this:
(mpol: mempolicy)
task1 task1's mpol task2
alloc page 1
alloc on node0? NO 1
1 change mems from 1 to 0
1 rebind task1's mpol
0-1 set new bits
0 clear disallowed bits
alloc on node1? NO 0
...
can't alloc page
goto oom
I can use the attached program reproduce it by the following step:
# mkdir /dev/cpuset
# mount -t cpuset cpuset /dev/cpuset
# mkdir /dev/cpuset/1
# echo `cat /dev/cpuset/cpus` > /dev/cpuset/1/cpus
# echo `cat /dev/cpuset/mems` > /dev/cpuset/1/mems
# echo $$ > /dev/cpuset/1/tasks
# numactl --membind=`cat /dev/cpuset/mems` ./cpuset_mem_hog <nr_tasks> &
<nr_tasks> = max(nr_cpus - 1, 1)
# killall -s SIGUSR1 cpuset_mem_hog
# ./change_mems.sh
several hours later, oom will happen though there is a lot of free memory.
This patchset fixes this problem by expanding the nodes range first(set
newly allowed bits) and shrink it lazily(clear newly disallowed bits). So
we use a variable to tell the write-side task that read-side task is
reading nodemask, and the write-side task clears newly disallowed nodes
after read-side task ends the current memory allocation.
This patch:
In order to fix no node to alloc memory, when we want to update mempolicy
and mems_allowed, we expand the set of nodes first (set all the newly
nodes) and shrink the set of nodes lazily(clean disallowed nodes), But the
mempolicy's rebind functions may breaks the expanding.
So we restructure the mempolicy's rebind functions and split the rebind
work to two steps, just like the update of cpuset's mems: The 1st step:
expand the set of the mempolicy's nodes. The 2nd step: shrink the set of
the mempolicy's nodes. It is used when there is no real lock to protect
the mempolicy in the read-side. Otherwise we can do rebind work at once.
In order to implement it, we define
enum mpol_rebind_step {
MPOL_REBIND_ONCE,
MPOL_REBIND_STEP1,
MPOL_REBIND_STEP2,
MPOL_REBIND_NSTEP,
};
If the mempolicy needn't be updated by two steps, we can pass
MPOL_REBIND_ONCE to the rebind functions. Or we can pass
MPOL_REBIND_STEP1 to do the first step of the rebind work and pass
MPOL_REBIND_STEP2 to do the second step work.
Besides that, it maybe long time between these two step and we have to
release the lock that protects mempolicy and mems_allowed. If we hold the
lock once again, we must check whether the current mempolicy is under the
rebinding (the first step has been done) or not, because the task may
alloc a new mempolicy when we don't hold the lock. So we defined the
following flag to identify it:
#define MPOL_F_REBINDING (1 << 2)
The new functions will be used in the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce cpuset_cpus_allowed_fallback() helper to fix the cpuset problems
with select_fallback_rq(). It can be called from any context and can't use
any cpuset locks including task_lock(). It is called when the task doesn't
have online cpus in ->cpus_allowed but ttwu/etc must be able to find a
suitable cpu.
I am not proud of this patch. Everything which needs such a fat comment
can't be good even if correct. But I'd prefer to not change the locking
rules in the code I hardly understand, and in any case I believe this
simple change make the code much more correct compared to deadlocks we
currently have.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20100315091027.GA9155@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch just states the fact the cpusets/cpuhotplug interaction is
broken and removes the deadlockable code which only pretends to work.
- cpuset_lock() doesn't really work. It is needed for
cpuset_cpus_allowed_locked() but we can't take this lock in
try_to_wake_up()->select_fallback_rq() path.
- cpuset_lock() is deadlockable. Suppose that a task T bound to CPU takes
callback_mutex. If cpu_down(CPU) happens before T drops callback_mutex
stop_machine() preempts T, then migration_call(CPU_DEAD) tries to take
cpuset_lock() and hangs forever because CPU is already dead and thus
T can't be scheduled.
- cpuset_cpus_allowed_locked() is deadlockable too. It takes task_lock()
which is not irq-safe, but try_to_wake_up() can be called from irq.
Kill them, and change select_fallback_rq() to use cpu_possible_mask, like
we currently do without CONFIG_CPUSETS.
Also, with or without this patch, with or without CONFIG_CPUSETS, the
callers of select_fallback_rq() can race with each other or with
set_cpus_allowed() pathes.
The subsequent patches try to to fix these problems.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20100315091003.GA9123@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
cpuset_mem_spread_node() returns an offline node, and causes an oops.
This patch fixes it by initializing task->mems_allowed to
node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY], and updating task->mems_allowed when doing
memory hotplug.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reported-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Tested-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Since (e761b77: cpu hotplug, sched: Introduce cpu_active_map and redo
sched domain managment) we have cpu_active_mask which is suppose to rule
scheduler migration and load-balancing, except it never (fully) did.
The particular problem being solved here is a crash in try_to_wake_up()
where select_task_rq() ends up selecting an offline cpu because
select_task_rq_fair() trusts the sched_domain tree to reflect the
current state of affairs, similarly select_task_rq_rt() trusts the
root_domain.
However, the sched_domains are updated from CPU_DEAD, which is after the
cpu is taken offline and after stop_machine is done. Therefore it can
race perfectly well with code assuming the domains are right.
Cure this by building the domains from cpu_active_mask on
CPU_DOWN_PREPARE.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Commit acc3f5d7ca ("cpumask:
Partition_sched_domains takes array of cpumask_var_t") changed
the function signature of generate_sched_domains() for the
CONFIG_SMP=y case, but forgot to update the corresponding
function for the CONFIG_SMP=n case, causing:
kernel/cpuset.c:2073: warning: passing argument 1 of 'generate_sched_domains' from incompatible pointer type
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.0912062038070.5693@ayla.of.borg>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Currently partition_sched_domains() takes a 'struct cpumask
*doms_new' which is a kmalloc'ed array of cpumask_t. You can't
have such an array if 'struct cpumask' is undefined, as we plan
for CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=y.
So, we make this an array of cpumask_var_t instead: this is the
same for the CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=n case, but requires
multiple allocations for the CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=y case.
Hence we add alloc_sched_domains() and free_sched_domains()
functions.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <200911031453.40668.rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Alter the ss->can_attach and ss->attach functions to be able to deal with
a whole threadgroup at a time, for use in cgroup_attach_proc. (This is a
pre-patch to cgroup-procs-writable.patch.)
Currently, new mode of the attach function can only tell the subsystem
about the old cgroup of the threadgroup leader. No subsystem currently
needs that information for each thread that's being moved, but if one were
to be added (for example, one that counts tasks within a group) this bit
would need to be reworked a bit to tell the subsystem the right
information.
[hidave.darkstar@gmail.com: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Ben Blum <bblum@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The Cpus_allowed fields in /proc/<pid>/status is currently only
shown in case of CONFIG_CPUSETS. However their contents are also
useful for the !CONFIG_CPUSETS case.
So change the current behaviour and always show these fields.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20090921090627.GD4649@osiris.boeblingen.de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Fix allocating page cache/slab object on the unallowed node when memory
spread is set by updating tasks' mems_allowed after its cpuset's mems is
changed.
In order to update tasks' mems_allowed in time, we must modify the code of
memory policy. Because the memory policy is applied in the process's
context originally. After applying this patch, one task directly
manipulates anothers mems_allowed, and we use alloc_lock in the
task_struct to protect mems_allowed and memory policy of the task.
But in the fast path, we didn't use lock to protect them, because adding a
lock may lead to performance regression. But if we don't add a lock,the
task might see no nodes when changing cpuset's mems_allowed to some
non-overlapping set. In order to avoid it, we set all new allowed nodes,
then clear newly disallowed ones.
[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com:
The rework of mpol_new() to extract the adjusting of the node mask to
apply cpuset and mpol flags "context" breaks set_mempolicy() and mbind()
with MPOL_PREFERRED and a NULL nodemask--i.e., explicit local
allocation. Fix this by adding the check for MPOL_PREFERRED and empty
node mask to mpol_new_mpolicy().
Remove the now unneeded 'nodes = NULL' from mpol_new().
Note that mpol_new_mempolicy() is always called with a non-NULL
'nodes' parameter now that it has been removed from mpol_new().
Therefore, we don't need to test nodes for NULL before testing it for
'empty'. However, just to be extra paranoid, add a VM_BUG_ON() to
verify this assumption.]
[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com:
I don't think the function name 'mpol_new_mempolicy' is descriptive
enough to differentiate it from mpol_new().
This function applies cpuset set context, usually constraining nodes
to those allowed by the cpuset. However, when the 'RELATIVE_NODES flag
is set, it also translates the nodes. So I settled on
'mpol_set_nodemask()', because the comment block for mpol_new() mentions
that we need to call this function to "set nodes".
Some additional minor line length, whitespace and typo cleanup.]
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix the bug that the kernel didn't spread page cache/slab object evenly
over all the allowed nodes when spread flags were set by updating tasks'
page/slab spread flags in time.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel still allocates the page caches on old node after modifying its
cpuset's mems when 'memory_spread_page' was set, or it didn't spread the
page cache evenly over all the nodes that faulting task is allowed to usr
after memory_spread_page was set. it is caused by the old mem_allowed and
flags of the task, the current kernel doesn't updates them unless some
function invokes cpuset_update_task_memory_state(), it is too late
sometimes.We must update the mem_allowed and the flags of the tasks in
time.
Slab has the same problem.
The following patches fix this bug by updating tasks' mem_allowed and
spread flag after its cpuset's mems or spread flag is changed.
This patch:
Extract a function from cpuset_update_task_memory_state(). It will be
used later for update tasks' page/slab spread flags after its cpuset's
flag is set
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that we set up the slab allocator earlier, we can get rid of some
alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var() calls in boot code.
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Kthreads that have the PF_THREAD_BOUND bit set in their flags are bound to a
specific cpu. Thus, their set of allowed cpus shall not change.
This patch prevents such threads from attaching to non-root cpusets. They do
not have mempolicies that restrict them to a subset of system nodes and, since
their cpumask may never change, they cannot use any of the features of
cpusets.
The tasks will forever be a member of the root cpuset and will be returned
when listing the tasks attached to that cpuset.
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Dhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allow cpusets to be configured/built on non-SMP systems
Currently it's impossible to build cpusets under UML on x86-64, since
cpusets depends on SMP and x86-64 UML doesn't support SMP.
There's code in cpusets that doesn't depend on SMP. This patch surrounds
the minimum amount of cpusets code with #ifdef CONFIG_SMP in order to
allow cpusets to build/run on UP systems (for testing purposes under UML).
Reviewed-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The cpuset_zone_allowed() variants are actually only a function of the
zone's node.
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When writing to cpuset.mems, cpuset has to update its mems_allowed before
calling update_tasks_nodemask(), but this function might return -ENOMEM.
To avoid this rare case, we allocate the memory before changing
mems_allowed, and then pass to update_tasks_nodemask(). Similar to what
update_cpumask() does.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch uses cgroup_scan_tasks() to rebind tasks' vmas to new cpuset's
mems_allowed.
Not only simplify the code largely, but also avoid allocating an array to
hold mm pointers of all the tasks in the cpuset. This array can be big
(size > PAGESIZE) if we have lots of tasks in that cpuset, thus has a
chance to fail the allocation when under memory stress.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change to cpuset->cpus_allowed and cpuset->mems_allowed should be protected
by callback_mutex, otherwise the reader may read wrong cpus/mems. This is
cpuset's lock rule.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have some read-only files and write-only files, but currently they are
all set to 0644, which is counter-intuitive and cause trouble for some
cgroup tools like libcgroup.
This patch adds 'mode' to struct cftype to allow cgroup subsys to set it's
own files' file mode, and for the most cases cft->mode can be default to 0
and cgroup will figure out proper mode.
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Lockdep reported some possible circular locking info when we tested cpuset on
NUMA/fake NUMA box.
=======================================================
[ INFO: possible circular locking dependency detected ]
2.6.29-rc1-00224-ga652504 #111
-------------------------------------------------------
bash/2968 is trying to acquire lock:
(events){--..}, at: [<ffffffff8024c8cd>] flush_work+0x24/0xd8
but task is already holding lock:
(cgroup_mutex){--..}, at: [<ffffffff8026ad1e>] cgroup_lock_live_group+0x12/0x29
which lock already depends on the new lock.
......
-------------------------------------------------------
Steps to reproduce:
# mkdir /dev/cpuset
# mount -t cpuset xxx /dev/cpuset
# mkdir /dev/cpuset/0
# echo 0 > /dev/cpuset/0/cpus
# echo 0 > /dev/cpuset/0/mems
# echo 1 > /dev/cpuset/0/memory_migrate
# cat /dev/zero > /dev/null &
# echo $! > /dev/cpuset/0/tasks
This is because async_rebuild_sched_domains has the following lock sequence:
run_workqueue(async_rebuild_sched_domains)
-> do_rebuild_sched_domains -> cgroup_lock
But, attaching tasks when memory_migrate is set has following:
cgroup_lock_live_group(cgroup_tasks_write)
-> do_migrate_pages -> flush_work
This patch fixes it by using a separate workqueue thread.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanups, use new cpumask API
Final trivial cleanups: mainly s/cpumask_t/struct cpumask
Note there is a FIXME in generate_sched_domains(). A future patch will
change struct cpumask *doms to struct cpumask *doms[].
(I suppose Rusty will do this.)
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: use new cpumask API
This patch mainly does the following things:
- change cs->cpus_allowed from cpumask_t to cpumask_var_t
- call alloc_bootmem_cpumask_var() for top_cpuset in cpuset_init_early()
- call alloc_cpumask_var() for other cpusets
- replace cpus_xxx() to cpumask_xxx()
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: cleanups, reduce stack usage
This patch prepares for the next patch. When we convert
cpuset.cpus_allowed to cpumask_var_t, (trialcs = *cs) no longer works.
Another result of this patch is reducing stack usage of trialcs.
sizeof(*cs) can be as large as 148 bytes on x86_64, so it's really not
good to have it on stack.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: reduce stack usage
Allocate a global cpumask_var_t at boot, and use it in cpuset_attach(), so
we won't fail cpuset_attach().
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: reduce stack usage
Just use cs->cpus_allowed, and no need to allocate a cpumask_var_t.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujistu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patchset converts cpuset to use new cpumask API, and thus
remove on stack cpumask_t to reduce stack usage.
Before:
# cat kernel/cpuset.c include/linux/cpuset.h | grep -c cpumask_t
21
After:
# cat kernel/cpuset.c include/linux/cpuset.h | grep -c cpumask_t
0
This patch:
Impact: reduce stack usage
It's safe to call cpulist_scnprintf inside callback_mutex, and thus we can
just remove the cpumask_t and no need to allocate a cpumask_var_t.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I found a bug on my dual-cpu box. I created a sub cpuset in top cpuset
and assign 1 to its cpus. And then we attach some tasks into this sub
cpuset. After this, we offline CPU1. Now, the tasks in this new cpuset
are moved into top cpuset automatically because there is no cpu in sub
cpuset. Then we online CPU1, we find all the tasks which doesn't belong
to top cpuset originally just run on CPU0.
We fix this bug by setting task's cpu_allowed to cpu_possible_map when
attaching it into top cpuset. This method needn't modify the current
behavior of cpusets on CPU hotplug, and all of tasks in top cpuset use
cpu_possible_map to initialize their cpu_allowed.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
task_cs() calls task_subsys_state().
We must use rcu_read_lock() to protect cgroup_subsys_state().
It's correct that top_cpuset is never freed, but cgroup_subsys_state()
accesses css_set, this css_set maybe freed when task_cs() called.
We use use rcu_read_lock() to protect it.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When cpusets are enabled, it's necessary to print the triggering task's
set of allowable nodes so the subsequently printed meminfo can be
interpreted correctly.
We also print the task's cpuset name for informational purposes.
[rientjes@google.com: task lock current before dereferencing cpuset]
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: change calling convention of existing cpumask APIs
Most cpumask functions started with cpus_: these have been replaced by
cpumask_ ones which take struct cpumask pointers as expected.
These four functions don't have good replacement names; fortunately
they're rarely used, so we just change them over.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@redhat.com
Cc: tony.luck@intel.com
Cc: ralf@linux-mips.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Cc: cl@linux-foundation.org
Cc: srostedt@redhat.com
this warning:
kernel/cpuset.c: In function ‘generate_sched_domains’:
kernel/cpuset.c:588: warning: ‘ndoms’ may be used uninitialized in this function
triggers because GCC does not recognize that ndoms stays uninitialized
only if doms is NULL - but that flow is covered at the end of
generate_sched_domains().
Help out GCC by initializing this variable to 0. (that's prudent anyway)
Also, this function needs a splitup and code flow simplification:
with 160 lines length it's clearly too long.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
After adding a node into the machine, top cpuset's mems isn't updated.
By reviewing the code, we found that the update function
cpuset_track_online_nodes()
was invoked after node_states[N_ONLINE] changes. It is wrong because
N_ONLINE just means node has pgdat, and if node has/added memory, we use
N_HIGH_MEMORY. So, We should invoke the update function after
node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY] changes, just like its commit says.
This patch fixes it. And we use notifier of memory hotplug instead of
direct calling of cpuset_track_online_nodes().
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: properly rebuild sched-domains on kmalloc() failure
When cpuset failed to generate sched domains due to kmalloc()
failure, the scheduler should fallback to the single partition
'fallback_doms' and rebuild sched domains, but now it only
destroys but not rebuilds sched domains.
The regression was introduced by:
| commit dfb512ec48
| Author: Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
| Date: Fri Aug 29 13:11:41 2008 -0700
|
| sched: arch_reinit_sched_domains() must destroy domains to force rebuild
After the above commit, partition_sched_domains(0, NULL, NULL) will
only destroy sched domains and partition_sched_domains(1, NULL, NULL)
will create the default sched domain.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
1) seq_file excepts that m->count == m->size when it's buf is full,
so current code will causes bugs when buf is overflow.
2) There is not too good that cpuset accesses struct seq_file's
fields directly.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove the use of int cpus_nonempty variable from 'update_flag' function.
Signed-off-by: Md.Rakib H. Mullick <rakib.mullick@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This fixes a warning on latest -tip:
kernel/cpuset.c: Dans la fonction «scan_for_empty_cpusets» :
kernel/cpuset.c:1932: attention : passing argument 1 of «list_add_tail» discards qualifiers from pointer target type
Actually the struct cpuset *root passed in parameter to scan_for_empty_cpusets
is not supposed to be const since an entry is added on the tail of its list.
Just correct the qualifier.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
After the patch:
commit 0b2f630a28
Author: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Date: Fri Jul 25 01:47:21 2008 -0700
cpusets: restructure the function update_cpumask() and update_nodemask()
It might happen that 'echo 0 > /cpuset/sub/cpus' returned failure but 'cpus'
has been changed, because cpus was changed before calling heap_init() which
may return -ENOMEM.
This patch restores the orginal behavior.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is an updated version of my previous cpuset patch on top of
the latest mainline git.
The patch fixes CPU hotplug handling issues in the current cpusets code.
Namely circular locking in rebuild_sched_domains() and unsafe access to
the cpu_online_map in the cpuset cpu hotplug handler.
This version includes changes suggested by Paul Jackson (naming, comments,
style, etc). I also got rid of the separate workqueue thread because it is
now safe to call get_online_cpus() from workqueue callbacks.
Here are some more details:
rebuild_sched_domains() is the only way to rebuild sched domains
correctly based on the current cpuset settings. What this means
is that we need to be able to call it from different contexts,
like cpu hotplug for example.
Also latest scheduler code in -tip now calls rebuild_sched_domains()
directly from functions like arch_reinit_sched_domains().
In order to support that properly we need to rework cpuset locking
rules to avoid circular dependencies, which is what this patch does.
New lock nesting rules are explained in the comments.
We can now safely call rebuild_sched_domains() from virtually any
context. The only requirement is that it needs to be called under
get_online_cpus(). This allows cpu hotplug handlers and the scheduler
to call rebuild_sched_domains() directly.
The rest of the cpuset code now offloads sched domains rebuilds to
a workqueue (async_rebuild_sched_domains()).
This version of the patch addresses comments from the previous review.
I fixed all miss-formated comments and trailing spaces.
I also factored out the code that builds domain masks and split up CPU and
memory hotplug handling. This was needed to simplify locking, to avoid unsafe
access to the cpu_online_map from mem hotplug handler, and in general to make
things cleaner.
The patch passes moderate testing (building kernel with -j 16, creating &
removing domains and bringing cpus off/online at the same time) on the
quad-core2 based machine.
It passes lockdep checks, even with preemptable RCU enabled.
This time I also tested in with suspend/resume path and everything is working
as expected.
Signed-off-by: Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
Acked-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: menage@google.com
Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
Cc: vegard.nossum@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use cpuset.stack_list rather than kfifo, so we avoid memory allocation
for kfifo.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When multiple cpusets are overlapping in their 'cpus' and hence they
form a single sched domain, the largest sched_relax_domain_level among
those should be used. But when top_cpuset's sched_load_balance is
set, its sched_relax_domain_level is used regardless other sub-cpusets'.
This patch fixes it by walking the cpuset hierarchy to find the largest
sched_relax_domain_level.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All child cpusets contain a subset of the parent's cpus, so we can skip
them when partitioning sched domains. This decreases 'csa' greately for
cpusets with multi-level hierarchy.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In cpuset_update_task_memory_state() local variable struct task_struct
*tsk = current;
And local variable tsk is used 14 times and statement task_cs(tsk) is used
twice in this function. So using task_cs(tsk) instead of task_cs(current)
is better for readability.
And "(struct cgroup_scanner *)&scan" is not good for readability also.
(and "container_of" is used in cpuset_do_move_task(), not
"(cpuset_hotplug_scanner *)scan")
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Jack Steiner
Miao Xie
Oleg Nesterov
Peter Zijlstra
Geert Uytterhoeven
Rusty Russell
Ingo Molnar
Ben Blum
Heiko Carstens
Yinghai Lu
David Rientjes
Paul Menage
Li Zefan
Lai Jiangshan
Rakib Mullick
Frederic Weisbecker
Max Krasnyansky