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WSL2-Linux-Kernel/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt

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Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
==========================================
Configuration guide
Kernel Configuration
====================
To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
using isapnptools.
Creating ALSA devices
=====================
This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
script named 'snddevices'.
Module parameters
=================
The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
Module snd
----------
The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
It takes the following options which have global effects.
major - major number for sound driver
- Default: 116
cards_limit
- limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
- Default: 1
- For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
option together with snd-card-X aliases.
device_mode
- permission mask for dynamic sound device filesystem
- This is available only when DEVFS is enabled
- Default: 0666
- E.g.: device_mode=0660
Module snd-pcm-oss
------------------
The PCM OSS emulation module.
This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
- Default: 0
adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
- Default: 1
nonblock_open
- Don't block opening busy PCM devices.
For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
to PCM #0 of the card #0.
For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
Module snd-rawmidi
------------------
This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
- Default: 0
amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
- Default: 1
Common parameters for top sound card modules
--------------------------------------------
Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
index - index (slot #) of sound card
- Values: 0 through 7 or negative
- If nonnegative, assign that index number
- if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
- Default: -1
id - card ID (identifier or name)
- Can be up to 15 characters long
- Default: the card type
- A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
containing information about the card
- This ID can be used instead of the index number in
identifying the card
enable - enable card
- Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
Module snd-ad1816a
------------------
Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-ad1848
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
port - port # for AD1848 chip
irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
Module snd-ali5451
------------------
Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
- Default: disabled
Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-als100
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-als4000
------------------
Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-atiixp
-----------------
Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 controllers.
ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (defalut = 48000)
ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-atiixp-modem
-----------------------
Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
slot is excluded.
Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
-----------------------------------------
Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
0 = Disable all workarounds
1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
3 = Force both settings
255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
"spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
Advantage.
Note: Some ALSA mixer applicactions don't handle the SPDIF samplerate
control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
Module snd-azt2320
------------------
Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
Module snd-azt3328
------------------
Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-bt87x
----------------
Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
slot is excluded.
Module snd-ca0106
-----------------
Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-cmi8330
------------------
Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-cmipci
-----------------
Module for C-Media CMI8338 and 8738 PCI sound cards.
mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, 0 = disable (default)
fm_port - 0x388 (default), 0 = disable (default)
soft_ac3 - Sofware-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
(default = 1)
joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
Module snd-cs4231
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
port - port # for CS4231 chip
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-cs4232
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-cs4236
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
specified!!! Other ports are optional.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-cs4281
-----------------
Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-cs46xx
-----------------
Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
external_amp - Force to enable external amplifer.
thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
above explicitly.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-dt019x
-----------------
Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
only)
port - Port # (PnP setup)
mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module is enabled only with
ISA PnP support.
Module snd-dummy
----------------
Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
or input, but you may use this module for any application which
requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
Module snd-emu10k1
------------------
Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
* Sound Blaster Live!
* Sound Blaster PCI 512
* Emu APS (partially supported)
* Sound Blaster Audigy
extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
enable_ir - enable IR
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
* Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
* Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
* Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
* Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
Module snd-emu10k1x
-------------------
Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-ens1370
------------------
Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
* SoundBlaster PCI 64
* SoundBlaster PCI 128
joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-ens1371
------------------
Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
* SoundBlaster PCI 64
* SoundBlaster PCI 128
* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-es968
----------------
Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
Module snd-es1688
-----------------
Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
Module snd-es18xx
-----------------
Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port
if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-es1938
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-es1968
-----------------
Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
2 = auto (default))
enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
joystick - enable joystick (default off)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-fm801
----------------
Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
- 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
- 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
- 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
- High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
- example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-gusclassic
---------------------
Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-gusextreme
---------------------
Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
Module snd-gusmax
-----------------
Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-hda-intel
--------------------
Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ICH7)
model - force the model name
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
models depending on the codec chip.
Model name Description
---------- -----------
ALC880
3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
w810 3-jack
CMI9880
minimal 3-jack in back
min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
Module snd-hdsp
---------------
Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
package.
The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
stage of boot sequence.
Module snd-ice1712
------------------
Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
* TerraTec EWS 88MT
* TerraTec EWS 88D
* TerraTec EWX 24/96
* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
* Digigram VX442
model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8
omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transciever)
in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
serie).
Module snd-ice1724
------------------
Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724) based PCI sound cards.
* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
* TerraTec Aureon Sky-5.1, Space-7.1
model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, aureon51, aureon71,
k8x800
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-intel8x0
-------------------
Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
* NVidia NForce, NForce2
* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
* ALi m5455
ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
The following strings are accepted:
default = don't override the default setting
disable = disable the quirk
hp_only = use headphone control as master
swap_hp = swap headphone and master controls
swap_surround = swap master and surround controls
ad_sharing = for AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
alc_jack = for ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
inv_eapd = inverted EAPD implementation
mute_led = bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer
value -1, 0, ... are accepted, too.
buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
motherboards (default off)
Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
modules, respectively.
The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround
for specific devices. Some hardware have swapped output pins
between Master and Headphone, or Surround. The driver provides
the auto-detection of known problematic devices, but some might
be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass the proper
value with this option.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-intel8x0m
--------------------
Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
slot is excluded.
Module snd-interwave
--------------------
Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
requires 8 voices
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
Module snd-interwave-stb
------------------------
Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
requires 8 voices
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
Module snd-korg1212
-------------------
Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-maestro3
-------------------
Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
-1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
others)
Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
option.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-mixart
-----------------
Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
Module supports multiple cards.
Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
See MIXART.txt for details.
When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
Module snd-mpu401
-----------------
Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
port - port number or -1 (disable)
irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports multiple devices (max 8) and PnP.
Module snd-mtpav
----------------
Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
port).
port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
Module snd-nm256
----------------
Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
buffer_top - specify buffer top address
use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
The power-management is supported.
Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicity via
buffer_top option.
For example,
Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
works!
Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to speicfy isapnp=0
and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
problem.
Module snd-opl3sa2
------------------
Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP. This module does not support
autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
-------------------------
Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
-------------------------
Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-opti93x
------------------
Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
---------------------------------
Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
Module supports autoprobe a chip.
Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-rme32
----------------
Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-rme96
----------------
Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-rme9652
------------------
Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
(default = 0)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
stage of boot sequence.
Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
---------------------------------------
Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
Module supports only one card.
Module has no enable and index options.
Module snd-sb8
--------------
Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
SoundBlaster 2.0,
SoundBlaster Pro
port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
-----------------------------
Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
(snd-sbawe module only)
irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
16-bit DMA channel.
Module snd-sgalaxy
------------------
Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
dma1 - DMA #
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-sscape
-----------------
Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
port - Port # (PnP setup)
irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
Module supports up to 8 cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
the microcode.
Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
--------------------------------------
Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
-------------------------------------
Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-wavefront
--------------------
Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
(inaccessibly located inside your computer)
ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP.
Module snd-sonicvibes
---------------------
Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
- SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
Module snd-serial-u16550
------------------------
Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
port - port # for UART16550A chip
irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
38400 = default
base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
115200 = default
outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1 = default
adaptor - Type of adaptor.
0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
Module snd-trident
------------------
Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
* Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
* HIS 4DWave PCI
* Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
* AzTech PCI 64-Q3D
* Addonics SV 750
* CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
* Shark Predator4D-PCI
* Jaton SonicWave 4D
pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-usb-audio
--------------------
Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
Module snd-usb-usx2y
--------------------
Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
Module snd-via82xx
------------------
Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
8233A, 8233C, 8235 (south) bridge.
mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
[VIA686A/686B only]
joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
dxs_support - support DXS channels,
0 = auto (defalut), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA
[VIA8233/C,8235 only]
ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
Note: VIA8233/5 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
streams can be played at the same time.
As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
except for the known devices since the output is often
noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
bug of BIOS.
Please try once dxs_support=1 and if it works on other
sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
"lspci -nv").
If it doesn't work, try dxs_support=4. If it still doesn't
work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
In any cases, please let us know the result and the
subsystem vendor/device ids.
Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
additonally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
Module snd-via82xx-modem
------------------------
Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
slot is excluded.
Module snd-virmidi
------------------
Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-8, default=4)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
Module snd-vx222
----------------
Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
Module supports up to 8 cards.
When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
Module snd-vxpocket
-------------------
Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 PCMCIA card.
ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.
When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
Module snd-vxp440
-----------------
Module for Digigram VX-Pocket 440 PCMCIA card.
ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
up /etc/pcmcia/vxp440.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp440.c.
When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
Module snd-ymfpci
-----------------
Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1 (auto-detect)
rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
The power-management is supported.
Module snd-pdaudiocf
--------------------
Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
============================
When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
will be not built in.
Module Autoloading Support
==========================
The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
as the the same card module.
An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
----- /etc/modprobe.conf
alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
----- /etc/modprobe.conf
The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
sound cards in that option.
When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
cards is kept consistent.
An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
----- /etc/modprobe.conf
# ALSA portion
options snd cards_limit=2
alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
options snd-interwave index=0
options snd-ens1371 index=1
# OSS/Free portion
alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
----- /etc/moprobe.conf
In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
=======================================
/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
/dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
/dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
/dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
playback, respectively.
Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
options of snd-pcm-oss module.
DEVFS support
=============
The ALSA driver fully supports the devfs extension.
You should add lines below to your devfsd.conf file:
LOOKUP snd MODLOAD ACTION snd
REGISTER ^sound/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
REGISTER ^snd/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
Warning: These lines assume that you have the audio group in your system.
Otherwise replace audio word with another group name (root for
example).
Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
==============================
/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
-------------------------------
String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
<app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
<fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
<fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
<options> - optional parameters
- disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
this channel but does not want to use it.
(Cause a bug or mmap needs)
It's good for Quake etc...
- direct don't use plugins
- block force block mode (rvplayer)
- non-block force non-block mode
- whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
playback only)
- no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
Links
=====
ALSA project homepage
http://www.alsa-project.org
Ссылка в новой задаче Показать git blame Копировать постоянную ссылку