Improve code generation for function template specializations:

- Track implicit instantiations vs. the not-yet-supported explicit
  specializations
  - Give implicit instantiations of function templates (and member
  functions of class templates) linkonce_odr linkage.
  - Improve name mangling for function template specializations,
  including the template arguments of the instantiation and the return
  type of the function.

Note that our name-mangling is improved, but not correct: we still
don't mangle substitutions, although the manglings we produce can be
demangled.



git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk@74466 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8

include/clang/AST/Decl.h

@@ -962,6 +962,14 @@ public:
                                       const TemplateArgumentList *TemplateArgs,
                                          void *InsertPos);
 
+  /// \brief Determine whether this is an explicit specialization of a 
+  /// function template or a member function of a class template.
+  bool isExplicitSpecialization() const;
+
+  /// \brief Note that this is an explicit specialization of a function template
+  /// or a member function of a class template.
+  void setExplicitSpecialization(bool ES);
+                                 
   // Implement isa/cast/dyncast/etc.
   static bool classof(const Decl *D) {
     return D->getKind() >= FunctionFirst && D->getKind() <= FunctionLast;

include/clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h

@@ -511,12 +511,27 @@ public:
   
   /// \brief The function template from which this function template 
   /// specialization was generated.
-  FunctionTemplateDecl *Template;
+  ///
+  /// The bit will be 0 for an implicit instantiation, 1 for an explicit 
+  /// specialization.
+  llvm::PointerIntPair<FunctionTemplateDecl *, 1> Template;
   
   /// \brief The template arguments used to produce the function template
   /// specialization from the function template.
   const TemplateArgumentList *TemplateArguments;
   
+  /// \brief Retrieve the template from which this function was specialized.
+  FunctionTemplateDecl *getTemplate() const { return Template.getPointer(); }
+  
+  /// \brief Determine whether this is an explicit specialization.
+  bool isExplicitSpecialization() const { return Template.getInt(); }
+  
+  /// \brief Set whether this is an explicit specialization or an implicit
+  /// instantiation.
+  void setExplicitSpecialization(bool ES) {
+    Template.setInt(ES);
+  }
+  
   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) {
     Profile(ID, TemplateArguments->getFlatArgumentList(), 
             TemplateArguments->flat_size());    

lib/AST/Decl.cpp

@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ FunctionTemplateDecl *FunctionDecl::getPrimaryTemplate() const {
   if (FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *Info 
         = TemplateOrSpecialization
             .dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo*>()) {
-    return Info->Template;
+    return Info->Template.getPointer();
   }
   return 0;
 }
@@ -610,7 +610,8 @@ FunctionDecl::setFunctionTemplateSpecialization(ASTContext &Context,
     Info = new (Context) FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo;
   
   Info->Function = this;
-  Info->Template = Template;
+  Info->Template.setPointer(Template);
+  Info->Template.setInt(0); // Implicit instantiation, unless told otherwise
   Info->TemplateArguments = TemplateArgs;
   TemplateOrSpecialization = Info;
   
@@ -619,6 +620,26 @@ FunctionDecl::setFunctionTemplateSpecialization(ASTContext &Context,
   Template->getSpecializations().InsertNode(Info, InsertPos);
 }
 
+bool FunctionDecl::isExplicitSpecialization() const {
+  // FIXME: check this property for explicit specializations of member
+  // functions of class templates.
+  FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *Info 
+    = TemplateOrSpecialization.dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo*>();
+  if (!Info)
+    return false;
+  
+  return Info->isExplicitSpecialization();
+}
+
+void FunctionDecl::setExplicitSpecialization(bool ES) {
+  // FIXME: set this property for explicit specializations of member functions
+  // of class templates.
+  FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *Info 
+    = TemplateOrSpecialization.dyn_cast<FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo*>();
+  if (Info)
+    Info->setExplicitSpecialization(ES);
+}
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // TagDecl Implementation
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

lib/CodeGen/CodeGenModule.cpp

@@ -243,12 +243,20 @@ void CodeGenModule::EmitAnnotations() {
 static CodeGenModule::GVALinkage
 GetLinkageForFunction(ASTContext &Context, const FunctionDecl *FD, 
                       const LangOptions &Features) {
+  // The kind of external linkage this function will have, if it is not
+  // inline or static.
+  CodeGenModule::GVALinkage External = CodeGenModule::GVA_StrongExternal;
+  if (Context.getLangOptions().CPlusPlus &&
+      (FD->getPrimaryTemplate() || FD->getInstantiatedFromMemberFunction()) &&
+      !FD->isExplicitSpecialization())
+    External = CodeGenModule::GVA_TemplateInstantiation;
+      
   if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FD)) {
     // C++ member functions defined inside the class are always inline.
     if (MD->isInline() || !MD->isOutOfLine())
       return CodeGenModule::GVA_CXXInline;
     
-    return CodeGenModule::GVA_StrongExternal;
+    return External;
   }
   
   // "static" functions get internal linkage.
@@ -256,7 +264,7 @@ GetLinkageForFunction(ASTContext &Context, const FunctionDecl *FD,
     return CodeGenModule::GVA_Internal;
 
   if (!FD->isInline())
-    return CodeGenModule::GVA_StrongExternal;
+    return External;
   
   // If the inline function explicitly has the GNU inline attribute on it, or if
   // this is C89 mode, we use to GNU semantics.
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ GetLinkageForFunction(ASTContext &Context, const FunctionDecl *FD,
     if (FD->isExternGNUInline(Context))
       return CodeGenModule::GVA_C99Inline;
     // Normal inline is a strong symbol.
-    return CodeGenModule::GVA_StrongExternal;
+    return External;
   }
 
   // The definition of inline changes based on the language.  Note that we
@@ -306,7 +314,7 @@ void CodeGenModule::SetFunctionDefinitionAttributes(const FunctionDecl *D,
     // In C99 mode, 'inline' functions are guaranteed to have a strong
     // definition somewhere else, so we can use available_externally linkage.
     GV->setLinkage(llvm::Function::AvailableExternallyLinkage);
-  } else if (Linkage == GVA_CXXInline) {
+  } else if (Linkage == GVA_CXXInline || Linkage == GVA_TemplateInstantiation) {
     // In C++, the compiler has to emit a definition in every translation unit
     // that references the function.  We should use linkonce_odr because
     // a) if all references in this translation unit are optimized away, we

lib/CodeGen/CodeGenModule.h

@@ -373,7 +373,8 @@ public:
     GVA_Internal,
     GVA_C99Inline,
     GVA_CXXInline,
-    GVA_StrongExternal
+    GVA_StrongExternal,
+    GVA_TemplateInstantiation
   };
   
 private:

lib/CodeGen/Mangle.cpp

@@ -170,7 +170,29 @@ void CXXNameMangler::mangleGuardVariable(const VarDecl *D)
 void CXXNameMangler::mangleFunctionEncoding(const FunctionDecl *FD) {
   // <encoding> ::= <function name> <bare-function-type>
   mangleName(FD);
-  mangleBareFunctionType(FD->getType()->getAsFunctionType(), false);
+  
+  // Whether the mangling of a function type includes the return type depends 
+  // on the context and the nature of the function. The rules for deciding 
+  // whether the return type is included are:
+  // 
+  //   1. Template functions (names or types) have return types encoded, with
+  //   the exceptions listed below.
+  //   2. Function types not appearing as part of a function name mangling, 
+  //   e.g. parameters, pointer types, etc., have return type encoded, with the
+  //   exceptions listed below.
+  //   3. Non-template function names do not have return types encoded.
+  //
+  // The exceptions mentioned in (1) and (2) above, for which the return 
+  // type is never included, are
+  //   1. Constructors.
+  //   2. Destructors.
+  //   3. Conversion operator functions, e.g. operator int.
+  bool MangleReturnType = false;
+  if (FD->getPrimaryTemplate() &&
+      !(isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(FD) || isa<CXXDestructorDecl>(FD) ||
+        isa<CXXConversionDecl>(FD)))
+    MangleReturnType = true;
+  mangleBareFunctionType(FD->getType()->getAsFunctionType(), MangleReturnType);
 }
 
 static bool isStdNamespace(const DeclContext *DC) {
@@ -253,6 +275,12 @@ void CXXNameMangler::mangleUnqualifiedName(const NamedDecl *ND) {
     assert(false && "Can't mangle a using directive name!");
     break;
   }
+  
+  if (const FunctionDecl *Function = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(ND)) {
+    if (const TemplateArgumentList *TemplateArgs 
+          = Function->getTemplateSpecializationArgs())
+      mangleTemplateArgumentList(*TemplateArgs);
+  }
 }
 
 void CXXNameMangler::mangleSourceName(const IdentifierInfo *II) {

test/CodeGenCXX/function-template-specialization.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: clang-cc -emit-llvm %s -o -
+// RUN: clang-cc -emit-llvm %s -o %t &&
 template<typename T, typename U>
 T* next(T* ptr, const U& diff);
 
@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@ T* next(T* ptr, const U& diff) {
 }
 
 void test(int *iptr, float *fptr, int diff) {
+  // FIXME: should be "_Z4nextIiiEPT_S1_RKT0_"
+  // RUN: grep "_Z4nextIiiEPiPiRKi" %t &&
   iptr = next(iptr, diff);
+  // FIXME: should be "_Z4nextIfiEPT_S1_RKT0_"
+  // RUN: grep "_Z4nextIfiEPfPfRKi" %t &&
   fptr = next(fptr, diff);
 }
 
@@ -17,5 +21,7 @@ T* next(T* ptr, const U& diff);
 
 void test2(int *iptr, double *dptr, int diff) {
   iptr = next(iptr, diff);
+  // FIXME: should be "_Z4nextIdiEPT_S1_RKT0_"
+  // RUN: grep "_Z4nextIdiEPdPdRKi" %t
   dptr = next(dptr, diff);
 }