Added a path-sensitive idempotent operation checker (-analyzer-idempotent-operation). Finds idempotent and/or tautological operations in a path sensitive context, flagging operations that have no effect or a predictable effect.

Example:
{
int a = 1;
int b = 5;
int c = b / a; // a is 1 on all paths
}

- New IdempotentOperationChecker class
- Moved recursive Stmt functions in r107675 to IdempotentOperationChecker
- Minor refactoring of SVal to allow checking for any integer
- Added command line option for check
- Added basic test cases

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk@107706 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
This commit is contained in:
Tom Care 2010-07-06 21:43:29 +00:00
Родитель 03d98c5d59
Коммит db2fa8a7eb
12 изменённых файлов: 527 добавлений и 88 удалений

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@ -253,25 +253,6 @@ public:
/// within CFGs.
bool hasImplicitControlFlow() const;
/// contains* - Useful recursive methods to see if a statement contains an
/// element somewhere. Used in static analysis to reduce false positives.
static bool containsMacro(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsEnum(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsZeroConstant(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsOneConstant(const Stmt *S);
template <class T> static bool containsStmt(const Stmt *S) {
if (isa<T>(S))
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end(); ++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsStmt<T>(child))
return true;
return false;
}
/// Child Iterators: All subclasses must implement child_begin and child_end
/// to permit easy iteration over the substatements/subexpessions of an
/// AST node. This permits easy iteration over all nodes in the AST.

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@ -98,6 +98,8 @@ public:
bool isConstant() const;
bool isConstant(int I) const;
bool isZeroConstant() const;
/// hasConjuredSymbol - If this SVal wraps a conjured symbol, return true;

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@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ def analyzer_display_progress : Flag<"-analyzer-display-progress">,
HelpText<"Emit verbose output about the analyzer's progress">;
def analyzer_experimental_checks : Flag<"-analyzer-experimental-checks">,
HelpText<"Use experimental path-sensitive checks">;
def analyzer_idempotent_operation : Flag<"-analyzer-idempotent-operation">,
HelpText<"Use experimental path-sensitive idempotent operation checker">;
def analyzer_experimental_internal_checks :
Flag<"-analyzer-experimental-internal-checks">,
HelpText<"Use new default path-sensitive checks currently in testing">;

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@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ public:
unsigned VisualizeEGUbi : 1;
unsigned EnableExperimentalChecks : 1;
unsigned EnableExperimentalInternalChecks : 1;
unsigned EnableIdempotentOperationChecker : 1;
unsigned InlineCall : 1;
public:

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@ -127,72 +127,6 @@ bool Stmt::hasImplicitControlFlow() const {
}
}
// Recursively find any substatements containing macros
bool Stmt::containsMacro(const Stmt *S) {
if (S->getLocStart().isMacroID())
return true;
if (S->getLocEnd().isMacroID())
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end(); ++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsMacro(child))
return true;
return false;
}
// Recursively find any substatements containing enum constants
bool Stmt::containsEnum(const Stmt *S) {
const DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(S);
if (DR && isa<EnumConstantDecl>(DR->getDecl()))
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end(); ++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsEnum(child))
return true;
return false;
}
bool Stmt::containsZeroConstant(const Stmt *S) {
const IntegerLiteral *IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(S);
if (IL && IL->getValue() == 0)
return true;
const FloatingLiteral *FL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(S);
if (FL && FL->getValue().isZero())
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end(); ++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsZeroConstant(child))
return true;
return false;
}
bool Stmt::containsOneConstant(const Stmt *S) {
const IntegerLiteral *IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(S);
if (IL && IL->getValue() == 1)
return true;
const FloatingLiteral *FL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(S);
const llvm::APFloat one(1.0);
if (FL && FL->getValue().compare(one) == llvm::APFloat::cmpEqual)
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end(); ++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsOneConstant(child))
return true;
return false;
}
Expr *AsmStmt::getOutputExpr(unsigned i) {
return cast<Expr>(Exprs[i]);
}

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@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
#include "clang/Checker/PathSensitive/GRExprEngine.h"
#include "clang/Checker/PathSensitive/GRTransferFuncs.h"
#include "clang/Checker/PathDiagnosticClients.h"
#include "GRExprEngineExperimentalChecks.h"
#include "clang/Basic/FileManager.h"
#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
#include "clang/Frontend/AnalyzerOptions.h"
@ -340,6 +341,9 @@ static void ActionGRExprEngine(AnalysisConsumer &C, AnalysisManager& mgr,
if (C.Opts.EnableExperimentalChecks)
RegisterExperimentalChecks(Eng);
if (C.Opts.EnableIdempotentOperationChecker)
RegisterIdempotentOperationChecker(Eng);
// Set the graph auditor.
llvm::OwningPtr<ExplodedNode::Auditor> Auditor;
if (mgr.shouldVisualizeUbigraph()) {

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@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ add_clang_library(clangChecker
GRExprEngineExperimentalChecks.cpp
GRState.cpp
HTMLDiagnostics.cpp
IdempotentOperationChecker.cpp
LLVMConventionsChecker.cpp
MacOSXAPIChecker.cpp
MallocChecker.cpp

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@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ class GRExprEngine;
void RegisterPthreadLockChecker(GRExprEngine &Eng);
void RegisterMallocChecker(GRExprEngine &Eng);
void RegisterStreamChecker(GRExprEngine &Eng);
void RegisterIdempotentOperationChecker(GRExprEngine &Eng);
} // end clang namespace
#endif

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@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
//==- IdempotentOperationChecker.cpp - Idempotent Operations ----*- C++ -*-==//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file defines a set of path-sensitive checks for idempotent and/or
// tautological operations. Each potential operation is checked along all paths
// to see if every path results in a pointless operation.
// +-------------------------------------------+
// |Table of idempotent/tautological operations|
// +-------------------------------------------+
//+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
//|Operator | x op x | x op 1 | 1 op x | x op 0 | 0 op x | x op ~0 | ~0 op x |
//+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
// +, += | | | | x | x | |
// -, -= | | | | x | -x | |
// *, *= | | x | x | 0 | 0 | |
// /, /= | 1 | x | | N/A | 0 | |
// &, &= | x | | | 0 | 0 | x | x
// |, |= | x | | | x | x | ~0 | ~0
// ^, ^= | 0 | | | x | x | |
// <<, <<= | | | | x | 0 | |
// >>, >>= | | | | x | 0 | |
// || | 1 | 1 | 1 | x | x | 1 | 1
// && | 1 | x | x | 0 | 0 | x | x
// = | x | | | | | |
// == | 1 | | | | | |
// >= | 1 | | | | | |
// <= | 1 | | | | | |
// > | 0 | | | | | |
// < | 0 | | | | | |
// != | 0 | | | | | |
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Ways to reduce false positives (that need to be implemented):
// - Don't flag downsizing casts
// - Improved handling of static/global variables
// - Per-block marking of incomplete analysis
// - Handling ~0 values
// - False positives involving silencing unused variable warnings
//
// Other things TODO:
// - Improved error messages
// - Handle mixed assumptions (which assumptions can belong together?)
// - Finer grained false positive control (levels)
#include "GRExprEngineExperimentalChecks.h"
#include "clang/Checker/BugReporter/BugType.h"
#include "clang/Checker/PathSensitive/CheckerVisitor.h"
#include "clang/Checker/PathSensitive/SVals.h"
#include "clang/AST/Stmt.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
using namespace clang;
namespace {
class IdempotentOperationChecker
: public CheckerVisitor<IdempotentOperationChecker> {
public:
static void *getTag();
void PreVisitBinaryOperator(CheckerContext &C, const BinaryOperator *B);
void VisitEndAnalysis(ExplodedGraph &G, BugReporter &B,
bool hasWorkRemaining);
private:
// Our assumption about a particular operation.
enum Assumption { Possible, Impossible, Equal, LHSis1, RHSis1, LHSis0,
RHSis0 };
void UpdateAssumption(Assumption &A, const Assumption &New);
/// contains* - Useful recursive methods to see if a statement contains an
/// element somewhere. Used in static analysis to reduce false positives.
static bool containsMacro(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsEnum(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsBuiltinOffsetOf(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsZeroConstant(const Stmt *S);
static bool containsOneConstant(const Stmt *S);
template <class T> static bool containsStmt(const Stmt *S) {
if (isa<T>(S))
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsStmt<T>(child))
return true;
return false;
}
// Hash table
typedef llvm::DenseMap<const BinaryOperator *, Assumption> AssumptionMap;
AssumptionMap hash;
};
}
void *IdempotentOperationChecker::getTag() {
static int x = 0;
return &x;
}
void clang::RegisterIdempotentOperationChecker(GRExprEngine &Eng) {
Eng.registerCheck(new IdempotentOperationChecker());
}
void IdempotentOperationChecker::PreVisitBinaryOperator(
CheckerContext &C,
const BinaryOperator *B) {
// Find or create an entry in the hash for this BinaryOperator instance
AssumptionMap::iterator i = hash.find(B);
Assumption &A = i == hash.end() ? hash[B] : i->second;
// If we had to create an entry, initialise the value to Possible
if (i == hash.end())
A = Possible;
// If we already have visited this node on a path that does not contain an
// idempotent operation, return immediately.
if (A == Impossible)
return;
// Skip binary operators containing common false positives
if (containsMacro(B) || containsEnum(B) || containsStmt<SizeOfAlignOfExpr>(B)
|| containsZeroConstant(B) || containsOneConstant(B)
|| containsBuiltinOffsetOf(B)) {
A = Impossible;
return;
}
const Expr *LHS = B->getLHS();
const Expr *RHS = B->getRHS();
const GRState *state = C.getState();
SVal LHSVal = state->getSVal(LHS);
SVal RHSVal = state->getSVal(RHS);
// If either value is unknown, we can't be 100% sure of all paths.
if (LHSVal.isUnknownOrUndef() || RHSVal.isUnknownOrUndef()) {
A = Impossible;
return;
}
BinaryOperator::Opcode Op = B->getOpcode();
// Dereference the LHS SVal if this is an assign operation
switch (Op) {
default:
break;
// Fall through intentional
case BinaryOperator::AddAssign:
case BinaryOperator::SubAssign:
case BinaryOperator::MulAssign:
case BinaryOperator::DivAssign:
case BinaryOperator::AndAssign:
case BinaryOperator::OrAssign:
case BinaryOperator::XorAssign:
case BinaryOperator::ShlAssign:
case BinaryOperator::ShrAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Assign:
// Assign statements have one extra level of indirection
if (!isa<Loc>(LHSVal)) {
A = Impossible;
return;
}
LHSVal = state->getSVal(cast<Loc>(LHSVal));
}
// We now check for various cases which result in an idempotent operation.
// x op x
switch (Op) {
default:
break; // We don't care about any other operators.
// Fall through intentional
case BinaryOperator::SubAssign:
case BinaryOperator::DivAssign:
case BinaryOperator::AndAssign:
case BinaryOperator::OrAssign:
case BinaryOperator::XorAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Assign:
case BinaryOperator::Sub:
case BinaryOperator::Div:
case BinaryOperator::And:
case BinaryOperator::Or:
case BinaryOperator::Xor:
case BinaryOperator::LOr:
case BinaryOperator::LAnd:
if (LHSVal != RHSVal)
break;
UpdateAssumption(A, Equal);
return;
}
// x op 1
switch (Op) {
default:
break; // We don't care about any other operators.
// Fall through intentional
case BinaryOperator::MulAssign:
case BinaryOperator::DivAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Mul:
case BinaryOperator::Div:
case BinaryOperator::LOr:
case BinaryOperator::LAnd:
if (!RHSVal.isConstant(1))
break;
UpdateAssumption(A, RHSis1);
return;
}
// 1 op x
switch (Op) {
default:
break; // We don't care about any other operators.
// Fall through intentional
case BinaryOperator::MulAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Mul:
case BinaryOperator::LOr:
case BinaryOperator::LAnd:
if (!LHSVal.isConstant(1))
break;
UpdateAssumption(A, LHSis1);
return;
}
// x op 0
switch (Op) {
default:
break; // We don't care about any other operators.
// Fall through intentional
case BinaryOperator::AddAssign:
case BinaryOperator::SubAssign:
case BinaryOperator::MulAssign:
case BinaryOperator::AndAssign:
case BinaryOperator::OrAssign:
case BinaryOperator::XorAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Add:
case BinaryOperator::Sub:
case BinaryOperator::Mul:
case BinaryOperator::And:
case BinaryOperator::Or:
case BinaryOperator::Xor:
case BinaryOperator::Shl:
case BinaryOperator::Shr:
case BinaryOperator::LOr:
case BinaryOperator::LAnd:
if (!RHSVal.isConstant(0))
break;
UpdateAssumption(A, RHSis0);
return;
}
// 0 op x
switch (Op) {
default:
break; // We don't care about any other operators.
// Fall through intentional
//case BinaryOperator::AddAssign: // Common false positive
case BinaryOperator::SubAssign: // Check only if unsigned
case BinaryOperator::MulAssign:
case BinaryOperator::DivAssign:
case BinaryOperator::AndAssign:
//case BinaryOperator::OrAssign: // Common false positive
//case BinaryOperator::XorAssign: // Common false positive
case BinaryOperator::ShlAssign:
case BinaryOperator::ShrAssign:
case BinaryOperator::Add:
case BinaryOperator::Sub:
case BinaryOperator::Mul:
case BinaryOperator::Div:
case BinaryOperator::And:
case BinaryOperator::Or:
case BinaryOperator::Xor:
case BinaryOperator::Shl:
case BinaryOperator::Shr:
case BinaryOperator::LOr:
case BinaryOperator::LAnd:
if (!LHSVal.isConstant(0))
break;
UpdateAssumption(A, LHSis0);
return;
}
// If we get to this point, there has been a valid use of this operation.
A = Impossible;
}
void IdempotentOperationChecker::VisitEndAnalysis(ExplodedGraph &G,
BugReporter &B,
bool hasWorkRemaining) {
// If there is any work remaining we cannot be 100% sure about our warnings
if (hasWorkRemaining)
return;
// Iterate over the hash to see if we have any paths with definite
// idempotent operations.
for (AssumptionMap::const_iterator i =
hash.begin(); i != hash.end(); ++i) {
if (i->second != Impossible) {
// Select the error message.
const char *msg;
switch (i->second) {
case Equal:
msg = "idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value";
break;
case LHSis1:
msg = "idempotent operation; the left operand is always 1";
break;
case RHSis1:
msg = "idempotent operation; the right operand is always 1";
break;
case LHSis0:
msg = "idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0";
break;
case RHSis0:
msg = "idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0";
break;
case Impossible:
break;
case Possible:
assert(0 && "Operation was never marked with an assumption");
}
// Create the SourceRange Arrays
SourceRange S[2] = { i->first->getLHS()->getSourceRange(),
i->first->getRHS()->getSourceRange() };
B.EmitBasicReport("Idempotent operation", msg, i->first->getOperatorLoc(),
S, 2);
}
}
}
// Updates the current assumption given the new assumption
inline void IdempotentOperationChecker::UpdateAssumption(Assumption &A,
const Assumption &New) {
switch (A) {
// If we don't currently have an assumption, set it
case Possible:
A = New;
return;
// If we have determined that a valid state happened, ignore the new
// assumption.
case Impossible:
return;
// Any other case means that we had a different assumption last time. We don't
// currently support mixing assumptions for diagnostic reasons, so we set
// our assumption to be impossible.
default:
A = Impossible;
return;
}
}
// Recursively find any substatements containing macros
bool IdempotentOperationChecker::containsMacro(const Stmt *S) {
if (S->getLocStart().isMacroID())
return true;
if (S->getLocEnd().isMacroID())
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsMacro(child))
return true;
return false;
}
// Recursively find any substatements containing enum constants
bool IdempotentOperationChecker::containsEnum(const Stmt *S) {
const DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(S);
if (DR && isa<EnumConstantDecl>(DR->getDecl()))
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsEnum(child))
return true;
return false;
}
// Recursively find any substatements containing __builtin_offset_of
bool IdempotentOperationChecker::containsBuiltinOffsetOf(const Stmt *S) {
const UnaryOperator *UO = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(S);
if (UO && UO->getOpcode() == UnaryOperator::OffsetOf)
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsBuiltinOffsetOf(child))
return true;
return false;
}
bool IdempotentOperationChecker::containsZeroConstant(const Stmt *S) {
const IntegerLiteral *IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(S);
if (IL && IL->getValue() == 0)
return true;
const FloatingLiteral *FL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(S);
if (FL && FL->getValue().isZero())
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsZeroConstant(child))
return true;
return false;
}
bool IdempotentOperationChecker::containsOneConstant(const Stmt *S) {
const IntegerLiteral *IL = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(S);
if (IL && IL->getValue() == 1)
return true;
const FloatingLiteral *FL = dyn_cast<FloatingLiteral>(S);
const llvm::APFloat one(1.0);
if (FL && FL->getValue().compare(one) == llvm::APFloat::cmpEqual)
return true;
for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = S->child_begin(); I != S->child_end();
++I)
if (const Stmt *child = *I)
if (containsOneConstant(child))
return true;
return false;
}

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@ -200,15 +200,19 @@ bool SVal::isConstant() const {
return isa<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(this) || isa<loc::ConcreteInt>(this);
}
bool SVal::isZeroConstant() const {
bool SVal::isConstant(int I) const {
if (isa<loc::ConcreteInt>(*this))
return cast<loc::ConcreteInt>(*this).getValue() == 0;
return cast<loc::ConcreteInt>(*this).getValue() == I;
else if (isa<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(*this))
return cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(*this).getValue() == 0;
return cast<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(*this).getValue() == I;
else
return false;
}
bool SVal::isZeroConstant() const {
return isConstant(0);
}
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Transfer function dispatch for Non-Locs.

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@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ static void AnalyzerOptsToArgs(const AnalyzerOptions &Opts,
Res.push_back("-analyzer-experimental-checks");
if (Opts.EnableExperimentalInternalChecks)
Res.push_back("-analyzer-experimental-internal-checks");
if (Opts.EnableIdempotentOperationChecker)
Res.push_back("-analyzer-idempotent-operation");
}
static void CodeGenOptsToArgs(const CodeGenOptions &Opts,
@ -788,6 +790,8 @@ static void ParseAnalyzerArgs(AnalyzerOptions &Opts, ArgList &Args,
Opts.EnableExperimentalChecks = Args.hasArg(OPT_analyzer_experimental_checks);
Opts.EnableExperimentalInternalChecks =
Args.hasArg(OPT_analyzer_experimental_internal_checks);
Opts.EnableIdempotentOperationChecker =
Args.hasArg(OPT_analyzer_idempotent_operation);
Opts.TrimGraph = Args.hasArg(OPT_trim_egraph);
Opts.MaxNodes = Args.getLastArgIntValue(OPT_analyzer_max_nodes, 150000,Diags);
Opts.MaxLoop = Args.getLastArgIntValue(OPT_analyzer_max_loop, 3, Diags);

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@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
// RUN: %clang_cc1 -Wunused-variable -analyze -analyzer-idempotent-operation -analyzer-store=basic -analyzer-constraints=range
// Basic tests
extern void test(int i);
void basic() {
int x = 10, zero = 0, one = 1;
// x op x
x = x; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
test(x - x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x -= x; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x = 10; // no-warning
test(x / x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x /= x; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x = 10; // no-warning
test(x & x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x &= x; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
test(x | x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
x |= x; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; both operands are always equal in value}}
// x op 1
test(x * one); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 1}}
x *= one; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 1}}
test(x / one); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 1}}
x /= one; // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 1}}
// 1 op x
test(one * x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 1}}
// x op 0
test(x + zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x - zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x * zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x & zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x | zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x ^ zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x << zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
test(x >> zero); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the right operand is always 0}}
// 0 op x
test(zero + x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero - x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero / x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero * x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero & x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero | x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero ^ x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero << x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
test(zero >> x); // expected-warning {{idempotent operation; the left operand is always 0}}
}