Uploading final .md files for PostgreSQL Code Challenge
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## Using Azure Database for PostgreSQL to Run a Python Application
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### Overview
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Azure Database for PostgreSQL is a PostgreSQL database service built on Microsoft's scalable cloud infrastructure for application developers.
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Leverage your existing open-source PostgreSQL skills and tools and scale on-the-fly without downtime to efficiently deliver existing and new applications with reduced operational overhead.
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Built-in features maximize performance, availability, and security. Azure Database for PostgreSQL empowers developers to focus on application innovation instead of database management tasks.
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### Scenario Overview
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This hands-on lab will step you through the following:
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1. Create an Azure storage account and initialize Azure Cloud Shell for Azure CLI.
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1. Create an **Azure Database for PostgreSQL** instance.
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1. Create an **Ubuntu Azure VM**.
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2. Enable the firewall.
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3. Create a database for an app written in Python and Django in Azure PostgreSQL database instance.
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4. Login to ubuntu VM.
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5. Download the app from GitHub: git clone https://github.com/vitorfs/bootcamp.git - cd bootcamp.
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7. Change your connection string - vim .env - Paste this in the .env file (change database credentials to yours)
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<span style="color:blue">DEBUG=True<br>SECRET_KEY='mys3cr3tk3y'<br>DATABASE_URL='postgres://pgsqluser@postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" />:P@ssword1@<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" />.database.windows.net:5432/bootcamp'<br>ALLOWED_HOSTS = "*"
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8. Run migration and serve the app
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Python manage.py migrate
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Python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
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9. Open browser and go to http://[externalIpAddress]:8000 to interact with the app.
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10. Play around with the app, and demonstrate that it works.
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##### Developing apps with Azure Database for PostgreSQL
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### Start Lab
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An **Azure Resource Group** is a logical container into which Azure resources are deployed and managed. A **Resource Group** and a **Storage Account** must exist before any virtual machines can be created.
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In this example, a resource group named **rg123456** (where **123456** is the number in your username) is created in the southcentralus region. You will need to use this group name when creating your Database and Server.
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Throughout this lab, we will use the **Azure Command Line Interface** or Azure CLI using the Cloud Shell feature in the Azure Portal.
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**Sign in to the Azure portal**
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1. [Click here to open the Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com) and maximize the browser window
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1. In the **Email or phone** field, enter <span style="color:blue">**<inject key="AzureAdUserEmail" />**
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1. In the **Password** field, enter <span style="color:blue">**<inject key="AzureAdUserPassword" />**
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1. Click **Sign in**
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1. You _may_ encounter a popup entitled **Welcome to Microsoft Azure** with buttons for **Start Tour** and **Maybe Later** - Choose **Maybe Later**
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**Create a storage account and Initialize the Azure CLI**
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1. To launch the **Azure Cloud Shell**, click the Cloud Shell button on the menu in the top menu bar of the Azure portal.
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> The button launches an interactive shell that you can use to run all of the steps required to create and manage an Ubuntu Linux VM.
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1. Once the shell launches, you will see a notification that you need to add storage.
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Leave the Subscription unchanged, and select **"Show advanced settings"**
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1. In the **File share** section, select **Create new** and give it a unique name.
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1. Click **Create storage**
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1. Once the storage gets created, your **Cloud Shell** will initialize and very shortly be ready to use.
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Notice the **Resource Group** name, the **Storage Account**, and the **File Share** you created are displayed in the CLI while it initializes.
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#### Create an Azure PostGreSQL Database Server
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1. A server contains a group of databases. Before we can create the **PostgreSQL Server**, we need to authenticate using **Azure Device Authentication**. Type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue">az login
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> Note: Copy the code you are provided and use it for the next step.
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1. Open a web browser and enter the following **URL**:
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<span style="color:blue"> https://aka.ms/devicelogin
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1. In the devicelogin page, type in the code and hit **Continue**. The next screen will display the **Temporary User** login.
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1. Select the account and when login is confirmed, you can switch back to the **Azure Portal** and **Azure Cloud Shell**
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1. Now that you are authenticated, you can create an **Azure Database for PostgreSQL server** using the **az postgres server create** command.
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Type or copy and paste the following into the Azure command line:
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<span style="color:blue"> az postgres server create --resource-group <inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --name postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --location southcentralus --admin-user pgsqluser --admin-password P@ssword1 --performance-tier Basic --compute-units 50 --version 9.6
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> **Note:** Be sure to remember your **user name** and **password** as you will need to use it later for your connection information.
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1. Hit **Enter**
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1. Create an Azure PostgreSQL server-level firewall rule with the **az postgres server firewall-rule create** command. A server-level firewall rule allows an external application, such as psql or PgAdmin to connect to your server through the Azure PostgreSQL service firewall.
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<span style="color:blue"> az postgres server firewall-rule create --resource-group <inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --server postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --name AllowAllIps --start-ip-address 0.0.0.0 --end-ip-address 255.255.255.255
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1. Hit **Enter**
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1. Now let's get the connection information for your new PostGreSQL Azure Database Server. To connect to your server, you need to provide host information and access credentials.
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<span style="color:blue"> az postgres server show --resource-group <inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --name postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" />
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1. Hit **Enter**
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The result is output to the screen in JSON format as shown in the example below. Make a note of the **administratorLogin** and **fullyQualifiedDomainName**.
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> **Note:** Your **fullyQualifiedDomainName** will be **<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName"/>.postgres.database.azure.com**
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```
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{
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"administratorLogin": "pgsqluser",
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"fullyQualifiedDomainName": "postgresqlrg123456.postgres.database.azure.com",
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"id": "/subscriptions/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000/resourceGroups/myresourcegroup/providers/Microsoft.DBforPostgreSQL/servers/mypgserver-20170401",
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"location": "southcentralus",
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"name": "postgresqlrg123456",
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"resourceGroup": "rg123456",
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"sku": {
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"capacity": 50,
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"family": null,
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"name": "PGSQLS2M50",
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"size": null,
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"tier": "Basic"
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},
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"sslEnforcement": null,
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"storageMb": 51200,
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"tags": null,
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"type": "Microsoft.DBforPostgreSQL/servers",
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"userVisibleState": "Ready",
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"version": "9.6"
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}
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```
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#### Create and connect to your PostgreSQL database using psql
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1. Type the following **psql** cmmand in **Azure Cloud Shell** and hit **Enter:**
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<span style="color:blue"> psql --host=postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName"/>.postgres.database.azure.com --port=5432 --username=pgsqluser@postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --dbname=postgres
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1. You will be prompted for a password. Type **P@ssword1** at the prompt and hit **Enter**.
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> Note: the **psql prompt** will not echo what you type.
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1. Once you are connected to the server with **psql**, create a blank database for your Python app to use. At the prompt, type the following command and hit **Enter:**
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<span style="color:blue"> create database bootcamp;
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1. The Bootcamp database is now created. To connect to it and confirm it was created, type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> \c bootcamp;
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1. Exit **psql** and return to the **Azure Cloud Shell** prompt. Type the following command and hit **Enter:**
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<span style="color:blue"> \q
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#### Create an Azure VM running Ubuntu Server
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1. Create a virtual machine with the az vm create command. When creating a virtual machine, several options are available such as operating system image, disk sizing, and administrative credentials. In this example, a virtual machine is created with a name of myVM running Ubuntu Server.
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<span style="color:blue"> az vm create --resource-group <inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --name myubuntu --vnet-name myvnet --image ubuntults --generate-ssh-keys
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1. Hit **Enter**
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1. Once the VM has been created, the Azure CLI outputs information about the VM. Take note of the publicIpAddress, this address can be used to access the virtual machine..
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{
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"fqdns": "",
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"id": "/subscriptions/d5b9d4b7-6fc1-0000-0000-000000000000/resourceGroups/myResourceGroupVM/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM",
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"location": "southcentralus",
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"macAddress": "00-0D-3A-23-9A-49",
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"powerState": "VM running",
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"privateIpAddress": "10.0.0.4",
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"publicIpAddress": "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx",
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"resourceGroup": "rg123456"
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}
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1. By default, only SSH connections are allowed into Linux virtual machines deployed in Azure. This VM is going to be a webserver, so you need to open a port from the Internet. Use the **az vm open-port** command to open the desired port.
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<span style="color:blue"> az vm open-port --port 8000 --resource-group <inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --name myubuntu
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1. Hit **Enter**
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1. Connect to the VM using SSH in the Azure CLI.
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<span style="color:blue"> ssh [publicIpAddress]
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> **A:** Replace publicIpAddress with the IP address of your server noted in the previous step (4).
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1. Hit **Enter**
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1. When prompted to continue, type <span style="color:blue">**yes** </span>and hit **Enter**
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#### Configure the Bootcamp Application
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1. Now you are at the shell of your new Ubuntu VM. Let's update the package index in Ubuntu, so that we have a recent list of the package repository
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1. In your shell, type the following command and hit **Enter:**
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<span style="color:blue"> sudo apt update
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1. Now let's install the Python Package Index. Type the following command and hit **Enter:**
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<span style="color:blue"> sudo apt install python-pip
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> **Note:** When prompted to provide a yes/no, answer **yes**.
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1. We are now ready to install our Bootcamp application that we will use with PostgreSQL. We will need to download a copy from GitHub.
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1. To connect to GitHub and pull the code for Bootcamp, type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> git clone https://github.com/vitorfs/bootcamp.git
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> **Note:** Feel free to browse to Github and have a look at the Bootcamp repo to learn about what the application does: https://github.com/vitorfs/bootcamp.git
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1. In your shell, type the following and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> cd bootcamp
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1. Now we will install the Django Framework requirements for the Python app. Type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> pip install -U -r requirements.txt
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1. To list the files in the ../bootcamp directory, use the ls command.
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> **Note:** You will need to run some of these commands as root. To do this, type "sudo" then the command you wish to run.
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Type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> sudo ls -la
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> **Note:** the manage.py script that was installed when we cloned the Git repository.
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1. While still in the ../bootcamp directory, type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> vim .env
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1. Enter the following lines to create your database connection environment file:
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> **A:** Type <span style="color:blue">**i** </span>then hit **Enter**
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>
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>
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> **B:** Copy and paste the following into the **vim editor**
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>
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<span style="color:blue">DEBUG=True<br>SECRET_KEY='mys3cr3tk3y'<br>DATABASE_URL='postgres://pgsqluser@postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" />:P@ssword1@postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" />.database.windows.net:5432/bootcamp'<br>ALLOWED_HOSTS = "*"
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> **Note:** If you look at the credentials closely, you will notice we are using the new Azure Database for PostgreSQL service to connect to this app, and we have pre-populated the connection string.
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1. On the Terminal, to come out of the editing mode-
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> **A:** Press the **ESC** key
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>
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>
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> **B:** Type <span style="color:blue">**:wr** </span>and hit **Enter**
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>
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>
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> **C:** Type <span style="color:blue">**:q** </span>and hit **Enter**:
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1. To run migration and serve the app, type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> python manage.py migrate
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1. Let's bring the server up - Type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
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1. Now, open a new web browser window, enter the following URL, and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> http://[publicIpAddress]:8000/
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> **Note:** Use your Ubuntu server's external IP address from **Create an Azure VM running Ubuntu Server-Step 3**.
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1. With the bootcamp app open in your browser, sign up for the bootcamp.
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> **Note:** Enter a username; provide an email address; create a password; then create your account
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> **Note:** The next screen you would see after successful creation of the account is this:
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1. Let's go to the database and query it directly. Return to **Azure Cloud Shell** where you have the SSH session and hit **Ctrl-C** to terminate the web server.
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1. Next, let's terminate our SSH session to Ubuntu. Type the following command and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> exit
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1. Now, let's connect to the **Azure PostgreSQL** database. Type the following and hit **Enter**:
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<span style="color:blue"> psql --host=postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName"/>.postgres.database.azure.com --port=5432 --username=pgsqluser@postgresql<inject story-id="story://Content-Private/content/dfd/SP-OSS/postgresql/ossexperience1/story_a_postgresql" key="resourceGroupName" /> --dbname=bootcamp
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1. If prompted for a password, type **P@ssword1** at the prompt and hit **Enter**.
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> Note: the **psql shell** will not echo what you type.
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1. Type in the following command and hit **Enter**
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<span style="color:blue"> SELECT * FROM feeds_feed;
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You should now see the username you registered in Bootcamp in this table.
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### Conclusion
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In a relatively short amount of time, we were able to git clone an app running on the Python Django framework, using a PostgreSQL database in the backend.
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We changed the connection string to a provisioned **Azure Database for PostgreSQL**, and then connected the Bootcamp application in Azure.
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When we ran the application and registered a username for ""Bootcamp, we were able to see that the username existed in our **Azure Database for PostgreSQL**.
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With this simple installation, you can utilize many tools for PostgreSQL such as PostGIS, PGAdmin, pgScale, etc.
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