# Docker Checkpoint & Restore

Checkpoint & Restore is a new feature that allows you to freeze a running
container by checkpointing it, which turns its state into a collection of files
on disk. Later, the container can be restored from the point it was frozen.

This is accomplished using a tool called [CRIU](http://criu.org), which is an
external dependency of this feature. A good overview of the history of
checkpoint and restore in Docker is available in this
[Kubernetes blog post](http://blog.kubernetes.io/2015/07/how-did-quake-demo-from-dockercon-work.html).

## Installing CRIU

If you use a Debian system, you can add the CRIU PPA and install with apt-get
[from the criu launchpad](https://launchpad.net/~criu/+archive/ubuntu/ppa).

Alternatively, you can [build CRIU from source](http://criu.org/Installation).

You need at least version 2.0 of CRIU to run checkpoint/restore in Docker.

## Use cases for checkpoint & restore

This feature is currently focused on single-host use cases for checkpoint and
restore. Here are a few:

- Restarting the host machine without stopping/starting containers
- Speeding up the start time of slow start applications
- "Rewinding" processes to an earlier point in time
- "Forensic debugging" of running processes

Another primary use case of checkpoint & restore outside of Docker is the live
migration of a server from one machine to another. This is possible with the
current implementation, but not currently a priority (and so the workflow is
not optimized for the task).

## Using Checkpoint & Restore

A new top level commands `docker checkpoint` is introduced, with three subcommands:
- `create` (creates a new checkpoint)
- `ls` (lists existing checkpoints)
- `rm` (deletes an existing checkpoint)

Additionally, a `--checkpoint` flag is added to the container start command.

The options for checkpoint create:

    Usage:  docker checkpoint [OPTIONS] CONTAINER CHECKPOINT_ID

    Checkpoint the specified container

      --leave-running=false    leave the container running after checkpoint

And to restore a container:

    Usage:  docker start --checkpoint CHECKPOINT_ID [OTHER OPTIONS] CONTAINER


A simple example of using checkpoint & restore on a container:

    $ docker run --security-opt=seccomp:unconfined --name cr -d busybox /bin/sh -c 'i=0; while true; do echo $i; i=$(expr $i + 1); sleep 1; done'
    > abc0123

    $ docker checkpoint create cr checkpoint1

    # <later>
    $ docker start --checkpoint checkpoint1 cr
    > abc0123

This process just logs an incrementing counter to stdout. If you `docker logs`
in between running/checkpoint/restoring you should see that the counter
increases while the process is running, stops while it's checkpointed, and
resumes from the point it left off once you restore.

Note that seccomp is only supported by CRIU in very up to date kernels.