From cf79bd9f4c34c635a5a7eeff2699a24744c5a129 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Haggerty Date: Wed, 25 Oct 2017 11:53:20 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] t1409: check that `packed-refs` is not rewritten unnecessarily There is no need to rewrite the `packed-refs` file except for the case that we are deleting a reference that has a packed version. Verify that `packed-refs` is not rewritten when it shouldn't be. In fact, two of these tests fail: * A new (empty) `packed-refs` file is created when deleting any loose reference and no `packed-refs` file previously existed. * The `packed-refs` file is rewritten unnecessarily when deleting a loose reference that has no packed counterpart. Both problems will be fixed in the next commit. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh | 118 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 118 insertions(+) create mode 100755 t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh diff --git a/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000000..a2397c7b71 --- /dev/null +++ b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +#!/bin/sh + +test_description='avoid rewriting packed-refs unnecessarily' + +. ./test-lib.sh + +# Add an identifying mark to the packed-refs file header line. This +# shouldn't upset readers, and it should be omitted if the file is +# ever rewritten. +mark_packed_refs () { + sed -e "s/^\(#.*\)/\1 t1409 /" <.git/packed-refs >.git/packed-refs.new && + mv .git/packed-refs.new .git/packed-refs +} + +# Verify that the packed-refs file is still marked. +check_packed_refs_marked () { + grep -q '^#.* t1409 ' .git/packed-refs +} + +test_expect_success 'setup' ' + git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit A" && + A=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && + git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit B" && + B=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && + git commit --allow-empty -m "Commit C" && + C=$(git rev-parse HEAD) +' + +test_expect_failure 'do not create packed-refs file gratuitously' ' + test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/foo $A && + test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/foo $B && + test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/foo $C $B && + test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && + git update-ref -d refs/heads/foo && + test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs +' + +test_expect_success 'check that marking the packed-refs file works' ' + git for-each-ref >expected && + git pack-refs --all && + mark_packed_refs && + check_packed_refs_marked && + git for-each-ref >actual && + test_cmp expected actual && + git pack-refs --all && + test_must_fail check_packed_refs_marked && + git for-each-ref >actual2 && + test_cmp expected actual2 +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on update of packed' ' + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-update $A && + git pack-refs --all && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-update $B && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on checked update of packed' ' + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-checked-update $A && + git pack-refs --all && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-checked-update $B $A && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on verify of packed' ' + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-verify $A && + git pack-refs --all && + mark_packed_refs && + echo "verify refs/heads/packed-verify $A" | git update-ref --stdin && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'touch packed-refs on delete of packed' ' + git update-ref refs/heads/packed-delete $A && + git pack-refs --all && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref -d refs/heads/packed-delete && + test_must_fail check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on update of loose' ' + git pack-refs --all && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-update $A && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-update $B && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on checked update of loose' ' + git pack-refs --all && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-checked-update $A && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-checked-update $B $A && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on verify of loose' ' + git pack-refs --all && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-verify $A && + mark_packed_refs && + echo "verify refs/heads/loose-verify $A" | git update-ref --stdin && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_expect_failure 'leave packed-refs untouched on delete of loose' ' + git pack-refs --all && + git update-ref refs/heads/loose-delete $A && + mark_packed_refs && + git update-ref -d refs/heads/loose-delete && + check_packed_refs_marked +' + +test_done From 7c6bd25c7d65e777b5bb26ad5c8248fb3607e6d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Haggerty Date: Sat, 28 Oct 2017 11:16:02 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] files-backend: don't rewrite the `packed-refs` file unnecessarily Even when we are deleting references, we needn't overwrite the `packed-refs` file if the references that we are deleting only exist as loose references. Implement this optimization as follows: * Add a function `is_packed_transaction_needed()`, which checks whether a given packed-refs transaction actually needs to be carried out (i.e., it returns false if the transaction obviously wouldn't have any effect). This function must be called while holding the `packed-refs` lock to avoid races. * Change `files_transaction_prepare()` to check whether the packed-refs transaction is actually needed. If not, squelch it, but continue holding the `packed-refs` lock until the end of the transaction to avoid races. This fixes a mild regression caused by dc39e09942 (files_ref_store: use a transaction to update packed refs, 2017-09-08). Before that commit, unnecessary rewrites of `packed-refs` were suppressed by `repack_without_refs()`. But the transaction-based writing introduced by that commit didn't perform that optimization. Note that the pre-dc39e09942 code still had to *read* the whole `packed-refs` file to determine that the rewrite could be skipped, so the performance for the cases that the write could be elided was `O(N)` in the number of packed references both before and after dc39e09942. But after that commit the constant factor increased. This commit reimplements the optimization of eliding unnecessary `packed-refs` rewrites. That, plus the fact that since cfa2e29c34 (packed_ref_store: get rid of the `ref_cache` entirely, 2017-03-17) we don't necessarily have to read the whole `packed-refs` file at all, means that deletes of one or a few loose references can now be done with `O(n lg N)` effort, where `n` is the number of loose references being deleted and `N` is the total number of packed references. This commit fixes two tests in t1409. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- refs/files-backend.c | 18 ++++++- refs/packed-backend.c | 94 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ refs/packed-backend.h | 9 ++++ t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh | 4 +- 4 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/refs/files-backend.c b/refs/files-backend.c index 961424a4ea..da8a986697 100644 --- a/refs/files-backend.c +++ b/refs/files-backend.c @@ -2562,7 +2562,23 @@ static int files_transaction_prepare(struct ref_store *ref_store, goto cleanup; } backend_data->packed_refs_locked = 1; - ret = ref_transaction_prepare(packed_transaction, err); + + if (is_packed_transaction_needed(refs->packed_ref_store, + packed_transaction)) { + ret = ref_transaction_prepare(packed_transaction, err); + } else { + /* + * We can skip rewriting the `packed-refs` + * file. But we do need to leave it locked, so + * that somebody else doesn't pack a reference + * that we are trying to delete. + */ + if (ref_transaction_abort(packed_transaction, err)) { + ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR; + goto cleanup; + } + backend_data->packed_transaction = NULL; + } } cleanup: diff --git a/refs/packed-backend.c b/refs/packed-backend.c index 0279aeceea..0b0a17ca8e 100644 --- a/refs/packed-backend.c +++ b/refs/packed-backend.c @@ -754,6 +754,100 @@ error: return -1; } +int is_packed_transaction_needed(struct ref_store *ref_store, + struct ref_transaction *transaction) +{ + struct packed_ref_store *refs = packed_downcast( + ref_store, + REF_STORE_READ, + "is_packed_transaction_needed"); + struct strbuf referent = STRBUF_INIT; + size_t i; + int ret; + + if (!is_lock_file_locked(&refs->lock)) + BUG("is_packed_transaction_needed() called while unlocked"); + + /* + * We're only going to bother returning false for the common, + * trivial case that references are only being deleted, their + * old values are not being checked, and the old `packed-refs` + * file doesn't contain any of those reference(s). This gives + * false positives for some other cases that could + * theoretically be optimized away: + * + * 1. It could be that the old value is being verified without + * setting a new value. In this case, we could verify the + * old value here and skip the update if it agrees. If it + * disagrees, we could either let the update go through + * (the actual commit would re-detect and report the + * problem), or come up with a way of reporting such an + * error to *our* caller. + * + * 2. It could be that a new value is being set, but that it + * is identical to the current packed value of the + * reference. + * + * Neither of these cases will come up in the current code, + * because the only caller of this function passes to it a + * transaction that only includes `delete` updates with no + * `old_id`. Even if that ever changes, false positives only + * cause an optimization to be missed; they do not affect + * correctness. + */ + + /* + * Start with the cheap checks that don't require old + * reference values to be read: + */ + for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) { + struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i]; + + if (update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) + /* Have to check the old value -> needed. */ + return 1; + + if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) && !is_null_oid(&update->new_oid)) + /* Have to set a new value -> needed. */ + return 1; + } + + /* + * The transaction isn't checking any old values nor is it + * setting any nonzero new values, so it still might be able + * to be skipped. Now do the more expensive check: the update + * is needed if any of the updates is a delete, and the old + * `packed-refs` file contains a value for that reference. + */ + ret = 0; + for (i = 0; i < transaction->nr; i++) { + struct ref_update *update = transaction->updates[i]; + unsigned int type; + struct object_id oid; + + if (!(update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW)) + /* + * This reference isn't being deleted -> not + * needed. + */ + continue; + + if (!refs_read_raw_ref(ref_store, update->refname, + oid.hash, &referent, &type) || + errno != ENOENT) { + /* + * We have to actually delete that reference + * -> this transaction is needed. + */ + ret = 1; + break; + } + } + + strbuf_release(&referent); + return ret; +} + struct packed_transaction_backend_data { /* True iff the transaction owns the packed-refs lock. */ int own_lock; diff --git a/refs/packed-backend.h b/refs/packed-backend.h index 61687e408a..640245d3b9 100644 --- a/refs/packed-backend.h +++ b/refs/packed-backend.h @@ -23,4 +23,13 @@ int packed_refs_lock(struct ref_store *ref_store, int flags, struct strbuf *err) void packed_refs_unlock(struct ref_store *ref_store); int packed_refs_is_locked(struct ref_store *ref_store); +/* + * Return true if `transaction` really needs to be carried out against + * the specified packed_ref_store, or false if it can be skipped + * (i.e., because it is an obvious NOOP). `ref_store` must be locked + * before calling this function. + */ +int is_packed_transaction_needed(struct ref_store *ref_store, + struct ref_transaction *transaction); + #endif /* REFS_PACKED_BACKEND_H */ diff --git a/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh index a2397c7b71..e5cb8a252d 100755 --- a/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh +++ b/t/t1409-avoid-packing-refs.sh @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' ' C=$(git rev-parse HEAD) ' -test_expect_failure 'do not create packed-refs file gratuitously' ' +test_expect_success 'do not create packed-refs file gratuitously' ' test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && git update-ref refs/heads/foo $A && test_must_fail test -f .git/packed-refs && @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on verify of loose' ' check_packed_refs_marked ' -test_expect_failure 'leave packed-refs untouched on delete of loose' ' +test_expect_success 'leave packed-refs untouched on delete of loose' ' git pack-refs --all && git update-ref refs/heads/loose-delete $A && mark_packed_refs &&